iOiil 

CDSfl  313313" 


351 


ERRATA. 

lage 

1 
3R 

It  '*'//'' 

should 

read 

jeye 

» 

12  R 

Eearly 

f> 

» 

Early 

» 

60  L 

moke 

» 

» 

mook 

» 

61  M 

gnore 

» 

2> 

quore 

» 

62  M 

goore 

» 

» 

quore 

» 

64  M 

(lie 

» 

» 

Die 

» 

187  R 

ANALAGOUS 

» 

S 

ANALOGOUS 

» 

193  M 

Classifier  44 

» 

» 

^B 

» 

219  L 

ijij  (7(0(0  (in  Search) 

» 

» 

n 

» 

243  M 

Shapp 

» 

» 

Sharp 

» 

256 

familliar 

» 

» 

familiar 

» 

261 

Radical  49 

» 

» 

s 

» 

266 

Radical  214 

» 

» 

17  strokes 

» 

268 

haven 

» 

» 

have 

» 

268 

analagous 

» 

» 

analogous 

350 


Vara  88  M 

Yawn  C  241   K 

YE     116    ai — 117    'Ji — 120 

ino — 122  iifi 
Yea  S  R— 98  17—118  mo— 

132    15M 

„     after  next  C  8  M 
„     before  last  C  8  M 
„     (last)  C  8  M 
„     (new)  C  8  M 
„     (next)  C  8  M 
„     (this)  C  8  R 
Yellow  C  c  47  M — 297  XII 
Yesterday  C  1 1  M — 285  IX 
Vet  128  i;i8 
„     (not)  275  V 
Yield  116  a;; — C  c  235  L 
„       (give  ])recedence)  313 
XXIV 

YIX    122    115 

You  15  M — 130  Ms — C  207 

R— 279  VII 
Young  2  L — 132  156 — 133  100 

„      boy  A]jp  C  7th  Stanza 

„      lady  C  148  I- 
Younger  brother  106  on 

„        sister  288  IX 
Your  C  22  M — C  207  R 
Yourself  C  207  M 
Yourselves  C  207  R 

Youth   96    13 97  15 — 108  5S 

YUN   120  10; — 132  103 
YUNG  98  10 


Zenith  C  45  L 


Words  loS  6s   -279  VII 

Work  c  13  R — C  222  R 
293  XI 
„      as  in   gold  C  227  R 
„      hard  c  205  R 
„      man  C  15 1  M 
,  World  C  44  M— 7  M 

Worm  277   VI 
„       (silk)  204  I> 

Worn  out  312  XX 

Worse  C  198  L 

Worship   c    10   M — C    222 
R— 285  IX 

Worst  C  199  R 
Worthy    127    i;i5 — 274  V — 
307  XV 
of  297  XII 
\\  ound  (injure)  c  242  1. 
\\'rap  c  203  I, — c  234  L 
„      up    C   c    222    R — C 
234  L 
Wringer  C  171  L 
Wrinkle  c  200  M 
Write   36   R— 109  ci— C  c 
222  R— C  225  L-  C 
c  236  L 
„       nicely  C  238  R 
„       out    some    news    C 
230  L 
Writting  (a  sheet  of — jxiper) 
223  R 
„         desk  C  167  R 
Wrong  c  202  R— 281  VIII— 
308  XVI 
„       (very)  C  46  M 
Wrongly  94   :! — c  239  R 
„         (put    things)— C 
239  R 


Willi  duck  C  177  M 

,,     goose  A])])  7th  Stanza 
Wilderness  289  X 
Will    90    R— 151     I 278 

VII— c  48  R 
Willing  c  219  M— 281  VIII 
\\ind      113     77- — App     6th 

Stanza 
Window  c  162  M 

„         curtains  C  164  R 
Wine  19  I.— C  182  R 

„      cup  C  170  R 

„      decanter  C   170   R 

„      flask  C  170  R 
Wing  App  6th  Stanza^ — 309 

XVII 
^\'inter  C  c  8  L 
^Vipe  222  R — C  226  L 
^\'isdom  102  35 — 297  XII 
Wise   127   1st 
Wish  P  17— c  48  R-  90  R— 

222  R 
With  6  R — 31  M — 104  41 — 
121  no — Pino — P18S — 
272  IV— 288  IX 

„      each  other  c  214  R 
Withdraw  116  H-' 
AVithin  C  c  26  R 

„        (midst  of)  c  12  M 
Witness  C  c  222  R 
Woman  7  R — C  187  L 

(old)  c  39  R 
WON  133  15S 
Wonder  C'c  220  R 
Wonderful  132  iso 
Wood   5    M — c  71  R — 193 

M— 273  IV— 291  X 
Wooden  pail  C  172  M 
Word  c  2  R— C  c  47  M — 

301  XIII 


349 


Week  (two)  C  1 1   R 

Weekly  C  lo  M 

Weep  C  221  L— 280  VIII-- 

290  X 
Weigh  by  scales  221  L 
Weight    on  a   steel   yard  c 

244  R 
Weights  87  L 
Well  1 98  M — App  4th  Stanza 

„    done  no  0= 

„       „      (ripe)  c  214  M 

„    of  water  272  IV 

„    (very)  17  M 
West  P  u — loi  -.n 
W^et  App  5th  Stanza 
Whampe  C  183  L 
^Vhat  4  L— C  15  R— 16  R— 

96    n — 99    3-'— App    8th 

Stanza 
Wheat   103  -'I? 
Wheel  about  C  244  L 
When  C  76  R — 114  s:) 
^Vhenever  C  210  L 
Where  17  R— C  26  R 
Wherefore  C  212  L 
^Vhich   C  208  R— 279  VII 
\\'hile  c  76  R 
Whilst  C  42  M 
Whip  c  34  R — c  243  M 

„      as  a  horse  C  228  R 

„      (horse)  C  173  R 

„      one  C  243  M 
Whisk  broom  C  166  M 
■White  c  17  M — 274  V 
Whiter  C  198  L 
Whitest  C  198  L 
Who  84  M— C  208  R— 279 

VII 
Whole  c  148  L— c  164  R— P 

195 C      211      L 27s 

V— 304  XIII 

„       life  C  42  L 

„       (to  get  the)  C  236  L 
W'holesale  C  211  M 
AVhy  4  L— 279  VII 

„      then  P  239 
Wick  of  lamp  286  IX 
Wicked  C  c  152 
Wide  305  XIV— 309  XVII 
Widely  different  C  212  L 
Wife   7    R — 100   28 — c  142 

R— 288  IX 
Wife's   sister's    husband    C 
144  L 

„        sister  144  L 


Wash  room  C  162  L 
„  stand  C  166  R 
„      tub  C  171  L 

Washerman  C  151 
Washington's     birthday     C 

Waste  c  201  R 

„      pipe  C  171  R 
Watch   (look  for)   C  221  L 
15  R— C  c  39  M 
„        chain  C  176  M 
„       (gold)  C  176  M 
„        maker  C  156  L 
H'^atchman  C  151  R 
Water  17  M — 271  IV 
„       chestnut  C  183  M 
„       cup  C  170  M 
„       an  horse  C  173  L 
„       lily  root  seed  C  183  L 
„       melon  C  180  M 
WAUNG  DIE  116  S9 
WAUNG-MAUNG   120  ins 
Wave   (of  ocean)   289  X — 

290  X 
Wax  c  36  M 

„     candle  C  164  M 
Way  108  60 — 304  XIII 
We  6  L— 22  M— C  206  L— 

278  VII 
Weak  295  XI — 299  XII 
„      (i.  e.    animals)    C    c 
198  R 
Wealth  c  229  L 
Wealthy  298  XII 
Weapon  c  199  L 

„        (a  sharp)  3  R — 6  R 
Wear  174  R — C  c  221  I. — c 
228  R 
„      a  cap  or  hat  223  M 
Weather  C  71  M 

„       (boisterons)  C  242  L 
„       (hot)  303  XIII 
„       vane  C  206  L 
Weave  c  215  M — c  151  M 
Weaver  C  151  M 
Wedge  in  C  244  L 
Wednesday  C  10  L 
Week  C  10  M 

after  next  C  11  M 
before  last  C  11  M 
(last)  C   II  R 
next)  C  II  M 
one)  C  II  R 
(this)  C  II  R 
(three)  C   11   R 


Very  C  c  29  R — 118  i"0 
„      much  C  211  R| 

Vessel  c  231  L 

Vest  174  M 

Vex  c  226  L 

Vice  consul  C  147  L 

Victory  C  c  206  M — c  243  L 

Vigorous  297  XII 

Vilify  309  XVII 

Village  297  XII — 279  VII — 
App  2d  Stanza 

Villain  C  206  M 

Villainous  7  M 

Vine  294  XI 

Vinegar  182  R 

Violent  119  in.' 

Violet  c  145  I. 

Virtue   c    152  M — 307  XV 

Virtues  102  ^o 

„        (five)  C  45  R 

Virtuous  C  152  M 

Viscera  (five)  C  c  45  M 

Visit  C  221  L 

Visiting  card  C  c  47  M 

Visitor  7  L — 191  L 

Vitreous  287  IX 

Voice  309  XVII 

Volume  c  31  M 

Vomit  13s  1S7— 276  VI 

Vulgar  C   198  R 

w 

Waddle  C  200  M 

Wag  301  XIII 

Wages  C  206  M 

Wagon  279  VII 

Waist   c  174  M— 304  XIII 
„       coat  C  47  L 

Wait  29s  XI 
„      on  281  VIII 
„     together  C  236  R 

Walk  15  M— C  239  L 
„       (to  take  a)    C  231  L 

Wall  c  161  L— 189  M 

Walled  enclosure  c  154  L 

Walnut  C  183  M 

Want  17  L — 292  X 

Ware  206  L 

„      house  c  157  L 

Warm  98  17 — 198  R — 221  L 

Wash  c  162  L— 288  IX 
„      basin  C  170  L 
„      board  C  171  L 
„      cloth  C  166  R 


348 


Unable  ti>  fijjht  him  C  24.5  R 

Uncertain  C  1 98  R 

Uncle  C  c  145  R— 280  VII 

Undergo  C  221  M 

I'ndershirt  C  174  I, 

I'mlerstand  C  c  221  M 

I'mlcrtaker  C   156  I, 

Unfair  c  242   M 

I'ntoKi  I   221   M 

UntVcquently  C  212  I, 

Unite   c  45  L— 120  los  -  C 
221   M— C  236  I, 

United  P  271—273  ^^' 

Universal  P  i" 

University  C  158  M 

Unliickv  I98  R— 272  IV 

Up  6  M-c  33  R 
,,    and  down  C  42  L 
„    stairs  C  26  R 
„    together  o  216  M 

Upon  C  22  I, 

Upset  c  244  I. 

„       with   hand  C  221   1. 

Urge  287  IX 

Urgent  153  M — c  23S  M 

Us  6  1.— 90  I,— 206  1, 

Use   C  c  31  M^28i  VIII 

Useless  c  216  R 

Usurp  120  10s 

Usury  (to  practice)  C  240  R 

Utensil  c  231  M 

Utmost  verge  302  XIII 

V 

Vacant  282  VIII 
Vagabond  c  224  1, 
Valuable  94    i 
Valley  279  VII 
Value  C  206  M 
Variegated  App  ist  Stanza  , 
Varnish  c  149  M  j 

Vase    97   13 — C    164    R— c 

175  M 
Veal  C  48  R— C  178  I, 

Vegetable  47  L — 298  XII 

„         market  C  156  M 

Velvet  C  206  M 

Venerated   106  5i 

Verandah  C  161   M 

Verbs  (use  of)  212 

Verge  (utmost)  302  XIII 

Verifv  310  XVIII 

Verm'icelli  C   182  R 

Vermilion  277  VI 


Trees  (all  the)  46  I, 

Trench  280  VII 
'IVibe  295  XI 
Tribes  (all  the  Chinese)  C 

46  1, 
'I'ribunal  c  45   1. 

Tribunals  (six  at  Pekiii)  C 

45  I' 
Tri]K)d   121   111 
Trouble  c  29   R 
Troubled  c   I97    I , 
Trousers  C  36  M  — 307  XV 
True  63  L— c  176  M — 195 
M  — c  211  I, 
„      hearted  c  152  R 
Trumi)  up  a  chargsc2l3  I, 
Trunk  166  M 
Trust  4  L— 153  I. 
Try  221  M — 302  XIII 

„     a  case  306  XV 
Tub  c  170  1,-293  XI 
Tube  301  XIII 
Tuesday  C  lo  I, 
Tumbler  19  M— C165M  — 

C   169  L 
Tumult  46  I, 
Tune  c  71  M  -  288  IX 
Turkey  C  179  R 

„        (geographical  name) 

C  146  R 

Turn  c  21 1  I,— c  221  M — 

280  VII 

,,     about  madly  C  244  L 

„      around  c  238  M — 301 

XIII 
„      back  274  V 

„      7  1< 

„     over  C  221  M — 2711V 

,.        „     things   C   241  M 
Turnijj  C  c  182  R 
Turtle  c  177  R 
Twice  123  118 
Twig  C  189  M 
Twilight  C  12  M 
Twist  Cc  235  R     280  VII— 

310  XVIII 
Two  2  R-  283  VIII-85R 

„     (illustrations  of  the  use 
of)  43  R 

U 

Ugly   198  R 

Umbrella  C  36  I, — C  175  L 
„        maker   C    151   R 


To  2  M-  9I  M — 98  is—  loi 

3j — p  107 — P  VXi 
Toast  C   i8i   L 
'Toasted  176  I- 
'Tobacco  C  c  57   M  I, 
TOE  133  lis 

Together   6   R--6   I, — 120 
1115  _c  218  M — c 
221  M— 273 
IV— App    1st 
Stanza— App  2d 
Stanza. 
„  with  212  M 

'Toil   129  in-  6  M 
'Toilet  room  296  XI 
'Tomato  C  182  R 
'Tomb  c  200  R 
'Tone  P  174 
'Tongs  C   172  M 
'Tongue   188   R — 276  VI  — 

296  XI 
'Tool  6  R  -c  148  M 

„     chest  C  174  R 
Tooth    c   146  M — c  239  L 

„        brush  C   166   R 

„        powder  C  166  R 
Top  293  XI 

„      floor  C  163  R 
'Topsyturvy  C  43  R 
'Torturers  C  43  L 
'Touch  221   M— 293  XI 
Tow  C  221   M 
'Toward  67  L — 98  20 
Towel  C  22  R 
Town  279  VII 
Trace  c  205  M 
Trade  P  11— c  200  M— 280 

VIII 
Trader  c  147  M 
'Traffic  c   149  L 
'Tranquil  C   198  R 
Transact  business  c  147  L 
Transfer  c  64  R  — C  232  R 
'Translate  64  R— C  221  M 
„         a  work   312  XX 
Transmit  112  76  —  117  95  — 

C  228  L 
Travel  119  102 — 301  XIII 
Tray  c  167  M — c  170  M 
Thread  on  thatground  222  M 
Treasure  c  203  L— 291  X — 

App  8th  Stanza 
Treat  286  IX 
Tree  I93  L 
Trees  C  c  5 1  M 


347 


Things    (four    precious)    C 

44  M 
'I'liink  80  L  -  130  148 

„       of    one    another    C 

153  M 
„       on  C  225  L 
Thinl  P  91 
'['his  c  8  L— P  55-90M- 

lOI      "0— 126     133-  134 

i,ii._P    151-P    ;oi-P 
i'S.!—  App  8th  Stanza 
„     rule  P  i'« 
„     side  C  209  L 
Those  C  20  R— C  208  R 
Thought  c  202  R  — 302  XIII 
Thousand  P  281— 271  III 

„         (ten)  270  III 
Thread  36  R— 308  XVI 
Three  2  M-3  M— 85  R 
„       (illustrations    of  the 
use  of)  43  M 
Tlircsh  C  244  M 
Throat  304  XIII 
Through  5  R 
Throw  c  218  M-c  228  M 
,,       away  C  c  80  M — C 

221  M     C  228  R 
„       in    to    confusion    C 

234  M 
„       slung  shots  C  244  R 
,,       up   as    a   ball   in   a 
game  C  227  M 
Thursday  C  10  L 
Thus  61  R  -C  212  L 
Thy  90  R — App  2d  Stanza 
Tie    221    M— 302   XIII— c 
235  M 
„     upC226M— 309XVH 
„      „  to  C  c  80  M 
Tiger  c  244  M 
Tight  306  XV 
Tile  c  162  M-c  161  L 

„     lioor  C  161   L 
Time  8  R — c  9R-  14  L — 
1 6  R  -  43  R  -  App  4th 
Stanza 
„      long  C  210  M 
„      (    „    ago)  282  VIII 
„      (spring)  286  IX 
Timorous  C  I98  R 
Tin  c  151  R 
Tinder  C  c  172  M 
Tin  smith  C  151  R 
Tire  221  M 
Title  276  VI 


Tense  (future)  2 13  R 
„       (imperfect)  213  R 
„       (perfect)  213  R 
„       (present)  2 13  R 
,,       (sign  of  past)  290  X 
„       (sign  of  the  present) 
4  L 

Tenth  P   ifi 

Ten  thousand  270  III 

Tepid  300  XII 

Term  (a  respectful — for  fe- 
male) 7  M 

Terrace  c  161  M 

Testament  (old)   168  R 
„  (new)  1 68  R 

Testify       300       XII — 310 
XVIII— 311  XIX 

Thank  C  c  221   R 

Thankful  (extremely)  C  46  M 

Thanks    C  c   81  M — C  29 
R — c  154  M 
(many)   C  154  M 

Thanksgiving  day  C  12  L 

That  13  L— I4M-  17  R — 

C  20  R— P  41— P  4S— 

98  1^-207  L 

,,      side  C  209  L 

„      which  90  M — 14  L 

The  103  10— 114  b4~P  an 

Theatre  C  c  155  R--C242M 

Theatrical      exhibition      C 

218  L 
Their  C  207  R 
Them  C  207  R 
Theme  310  XVIII 
Themselves  C  207  M 
Then  C  49L— C76R— 94 

3  —  95     5-  126    131 — ^131 

113— P   ib6  — C    210    L - 

App  2d  Stanza 
There  C  22  L 
Therefore    P    5'- P    03 _C 

2I2  L 
Thereof  P  'm 
These  C  207  L 
Thesis  310  XVIII 
They  6  R— 24  M— 128  las 
Thick  198  R 
Thief  C  44  R — c  149  L — C 

242   M 
Thigh  c  51  M  — 128  13U 
Thimble  C  175  L 
Thin  198  R 
Thingc36M— Pwi— 189L 

„    4L — c  67  L  — 304  XIII 


Tank  303  XIII 

Tanka  boat  C  203  L 

Tarifi'  C  205  M 

Tarrow  C  181  L 

Taste  C  c  221  R — 80  L 

Tasteless  295  XI 

Tastes  five  C  45  M 

TAWNG    117  u3 — 123  lit) 

TAWNG-YOW  116  91 

Tax  C  205  M 

Tea  17  M— 285  IX 
„     (black)  C  205  M 
,,     (canton)  C  205  M 
„     (coarse)  C  205  L 
„     (common)  C  205  L 
„     (good)  C  205  L 
„     (green)  C  205  M 
„     (gun  powder)  C  205  L 
„     (Hyson)  C  205  L 
„     (imperial)  C  206  R 
„     (new  crop)  C  205  L 
„     (new)  C  206  R 
„     (old)  C  206  R 
„     (oolong)  C  206  M 
,,     (pecco)  C  206  R 
„     (pecco  flowery)  C  206  R 
„     (     „      orange)  C  206  R 
„     (     „     scented)  C  206  R 
„     (Powchong)   C   206  R 
„     (Souchong)   C    206   M 
,,     (small)  C  205  L 
„     plate  C   169  L 
„     pot  C  c  31   M 
„     spoon  C  109  M 
„     strainer  C  170  R 
„     table  C  164  M 
„     tray  C  170  M 

Teach  c  45  R— C  c  221  R 

Teacher   81    M— 96    w—C 
151  M 

Tear   C   c  221  R — C  c  39 
M--48  R 

Tears  c  221  L 

Teeth  275  V— 306  XV 
„       (to  grit  the)  C  239  L 

Tell  6   L— 15  M— 71  M— 
313  XXIV 

Temple    155  M— 303  XIII 

Tempt  305  XIV 

Temptations  90  L 

Ten  3 — App  1st  Stanza 
„     feet  270  III 
„     (illustrations  of  the  use 

of)  46  M 
„     myriads  307  XV 


346 


Sway  c  200  M 

Swear  (ourse)  C   220  I, 

,,       (make    oath    to)    C 

220  I. 
Sweat  277   VI 
Sweden  C   146  R 
Sweep  c  31    R — 293  XI 

„       as   a  tloor  C  232   1, 

„       clean  C  81   R 

„       off  C  232  L 
Sweet  198  R— 275  V 

.,       meats  C  183  M 
Swelling  (to  strike  so  as  to 

cause  a  swelling)  C  242  L 
Swing  c   165   L 
Sword  305  XIV 
Sycee  silver  C  205  M 
Sympathize  with  297  XII 


Table  26  R 

„  cloth  C  170  R 
„       spoon  C   169  M 

Tablet  c   187   L--128  137 

Tael  280  VII 

Taels  43  M 

Tailor   C   39  R — C  151  R 
„       shop  C  156  M 

Take    94    1 — C    234   L — P 
26;— 284  VIII 
„       a  walk  C  231   L 
„        away  C  26  M — C  c 

233  R— C  234  L 
„  a  pinch  C  234  M 
,.        care  C  221   R 

„  „       of   C    221     R 

„  from  C  227  L 
„  leave  c  219  R 
„       off  one's  clothing  C  c 

241   M 
„       off  one's  coat  294  XI 

off  ss  I- 
,,        photograph  C  231  R 

to  C  233  L 
„        up  C  226  M 

,,    as   a   child    from 
the  ground  C  226  M 
\\]>  by  end  of  sti(;k  and 
lling  away  C  226  R 
u])  with  fingers  C  226 
R— 284  VIII 
Tale  c  205   R 
Talk   107  :■■'■ 
Tall  c   ,45   I. 


Student  2  R — 108  r,8 

Study    P  w— C    80    L— 97 
IB — 127    l:ii 

Studv  aloud  C  220  L 

Stuff'  c  57   R— 5  L 
'Stuffed  sausage  C  17S  L 

Stupid  c  153  M — Cc  197  L 

Style  C  205   R 

Subdue  6  R 

Submit  humbly  277  VI 
I  Subscribe   money   c  220  I, 

Subde  c  195  R 
'  Subtract  C  228  M— 287  IX 
I  Successful    in   every   enter- 
!      prise  C  46  L 

Such  P  II.-. 

Sudden  c  146  R 
I  Suddenly  C  212  M— 286  IX 

Suffer   c    152  M — 278  VII 
„       defeat  C  243  L 

Sufficient  C  29  R 

Sugar  C  c  17  M— C  180  M 
„       cane  183  M 
„       bowl  C  169  L 
,,       (brown)   i8i   L 
„       (white)   181   L 

Suit  of  armor  191   L 

Suitable  (very)  C  197   L 

Summer  C  c  8  L — 289  IX 

Summon  C  240  M— 275  V 
jSun  5  M— C  83  M 
i  Sunday  C  10  L 

Sundown  C  12  M 

Sunrise  C   12  R 

Sunshine  C  205  R — 291  X 

SUN-YEAUNG  115  ^5 

Superior  (a)  5  R 

Supply  302  XIII 

Suppose  C  212  M 

Supreme  ruler  302  XIII 

Sure  c  198  R 

Surgeon  C  150  L 

Surname  7  M — 272   I\' 
(a)  288  IX 

Surplice  c  202  I, 

Surplus  c  211   M 

Surprise    (interjection    of) 

275  V 

Surprised  at  C  231   L 
Surround  164  M — C  223  L 

„        a  City  223  L 
Suspend c  152  R — 309  XVII 
Suspenders  C  175  M 
Swallow  279  VII 

(hills)  95    7 


Store  away  C  235   R 
„     clothing  C   155   I. 
„     (ilrug)  C   156   R 
„     (dry  goods)  C   155  I, 
„     (fish)  C   156  R 
„     (fruit)  C   156  R 
„     (furniture)   C    156  M 
„     (grocery)  C   155   1, 
„     (hardware)    C    155   1. 
,,     (hat)  C   156  M 
„     house  C   162   I, 
„     (jewelry)  C  156  M 
„     (meat)  C  156  R 
„     (music)  C  156  M 
„     (shoe)  C  156  M 
„     (stationery)  C  156  R 
„     to  C  226  L 
„     up  c   219  R— C  235 

R— 308  XVI 
,,     keeper  C  150  L 

Storms  C  160  L 

Stormy  c  242  L 

Story  of  an  house  305  XIV 
,,       of  building  193   R 
„       (tale)  C  205  R 

Stove  C  c  163  L — 3t2  XX 

Stow  c  226  L 

Straight  197  L — c  218  R 

Straight  App  6th  Stanza 

Strainer  c  170  R 

Strange    131  ui — 284  VIII 

Stranger  7  L 

Strata  305  XIV 

Street  c  223  L — 297  XII 

Strength  269  II— 6  R 

Stretch  5  M — 274  V 

,,       (as  in  yawning)  278 
VII 

Strife  c  67  R 

Strike  c  15  M — 239  I, 
,.       causing  a  swelling  C 

242  L 
„       fire  C  241   L 
„      one  another  C  243  M 
„       somebody    C  240  L 
,,       until  bloods  runs  out 
C  243  M 

String  c  226  M 

„       of  beads  191   M 
„       together  C  235  R 

Strive  for  281   \lll  " 

Stroke  c  14  R 

„       (character)   190  M 

Strong  136  1"''—  r  r  197  I,— 
292  XI 


34J 


Startle  C  227  M 
State  118  97 — c  154  R 
„     in  one's  defence  297 

XII 
„     plainly   281   VIII 
„     to  a  superior  274  V 
Stay  293  XI 
„      close    to   a   person    C 

224  L 

Steal  77  R — C  c  220  L 

Steamship  company  C  157  M 

Steel  C  c  172  M 

Steer  C  220  L — C  80  R 

Step  c  161  M — c  222  M — 
283  VIII 
„     (a  short)  7  L 

Steps  294  XI 

Steward  C  42  M 

Stewed  176  L 

Stick  C  c  34  R— 189  M 
,,      Emperor's    command 
onback    of  an   officer  C 

225  R 
Stiff  197  L 

Still  3  R — 129 1+4 — App  3rd 
Stanza 

„     (stop  eating)  c  225  M 

„     (to  be)  C  225  M 

„     (yet)  P  219 
Sting  5  R 
Stir  C  c  226  M 

„     up  C  c  226  M 
Stirrup  C  c  173  M 
Stitch  c  176  R— 310  XVIII 
Stocking  175'R— 309  XVII 
Stockings  C  c  39  M 
Stolen  C  233  L 
Stomach  278  VII— 287  IX 
Stone  104  41 — c  167  M 
„      cutter  C  241 
„      seat  C  165  M 
Stool  163  L 
Stoop  C  220  L 
Stop  129  U2— c  196  M — C 
225  M — 273  IV — 293 
XI 

„     carriage  or  cart  C  2  2  5  R 

„     here  C  225  M 

„     up  C  220  L 

„     up  a  sewer  224  R 

,,     walking  222  L 
Storage  house  C  158  R 
Store  c  40  R — C  c  238  R — c 
149  M 

„     away  goods  223  L 


Spectacles  (a  person  wear- 
ing) C  44  M 
Speculate  mentally  C  220  M 
Spell  P  168 
Spices  c  45  M 
Spider  C  205  R 

„        web  C  205  R 
Spiked  Millet  103  37 
Spill  309  XVII 
Spin  310  XVIII 
Spinach  C  c  181   L 
Spine  c  57  M 
Spirit  313  XXIV 
Spiritual   134  I6I 
Spittoon  C  165  M 
SpHt  C  241  R 
Spoil  C  c  77  R— 3 10  XVIII 
Sponge  cake  C  179  M 

„      (crispy)         C 
179  M 
Sponging  C  205  R 
Spoon   C   c    19   M — c    169 
M— 269  II 
„        (table)  C  169  M 
„        (tea)  C  169  M 
Sport  c  196  L 
Spread   95   8 — c  220  L 
„      out  C  220  L — C220R 
„  297  XII 
Spring  C   c   8  M— 287  IX 
„        time  286  IX 
„        trap  c  146  R 
Sprinkle  285  IX 
Sprout  5  M 
Spy  out  C  c  240  R 
Square   c  44  L— 88  M— C 

174  L 
Squall  of  wind  190  L 
Square  (carpenter's)  292  X 

„        (mason's)  88  M 
Squash  C  181  L 

„       ('ong    crooked)    C 
181   L 
Stable  C  163  R 

„       (i.  e.  firm)  7  R 
Stairs  C   161  M— C  163  R 
„      (down)  C  163  R 
„      (up)  C  163  R 
Stalk  189  R 

Stamp  C  167  M- — c  205  L 
Stand  220  L — C  226  R 
„      erect  C  225  R 
„       up  C  77  R — 162  M 
Star  c  45  R 
Starch  C  c  172  R 


Smooth  275  V — 197  L 
Smuggle  C  220  M 
Snatch  c  233   L 

„        away  C  233  L 
Sneeze  C  241  R 
Snow  129  141 — 295  XI 
So  55  R— 61  R 
Soak  c  201  M 
Soap  C  c  171  L 

„      (scented)  C  166  R 
Social  bond  306  XV 
Socks  39  M 
Soda  water  C  34  M 
Soldier    6     M— 6    R— 123 

119— C  c  150  L 
Sole  shoes  C  240  L 
Solemn  C  197  M 
Solid  7  R — c  197  L 
SO-LO-CHEEN  130  U5 
Sometimes  C  76  R 
Son   144  L 
„     (grand)"  c  143  L 
„     in  law  C  142  M 
Soon  C  50  L 
SOONG  122  113 
Soothe  c  153  M 
Soothing  c  152  M  . 
Sorrow  151  L 
Sorry  c  151  L — C  197  L — 

294  XI 
Sort    285    IX— 306    XV— 

307  XV 
Sound  136  171 — c  155  R — 
309  XVII— 312  XXI 
„       (not  rotten)  C  197  L 
Sounds  104  44 
Soup  47  L — 296  XI 
Sour  306  XV 
Source  287  IX 
South     122  ^114 — App    7th 

Stanza 
Sovereign  c]  I48_R — 276  VI 
Soy  181  M 
Spacious  302  XIII 
Spain  C  146  M 
Spare  c  220  M 
„      life  C  220  M 
„      ribs  C  178  L 
Sparkling  294  XI 
Sparrow  c  199  R 
Speak  5  M — 14  L — c6i  R — 
C  c  220  M — 273  IV 
„     out  C  227  M 
Spear  119  ins — 273  IV 
Spectacles  C  47  M 

38 


344 


Sincere  c  8i  R — C  153  R-  -c 

21 1   1,—  307  XV 
SiiijT  c   149  M 

„      songs  310  Will 
Single    94   i — c    165    L — c 

188  M 
Sink  119  im — C  :m  5  I. 

„     .1  shi])  C  241    M 
Sir  C  81  M 
Sire  c  149  R 
Sister  C  144  M 

..      (elder)  15  1.— 144  J- 

,,      in  law  144 1. — C142R 

„      (younger)  7  M 
Sit  C  c  22o\M 
.,    down  77  R— C  81   M 
„      safely  C  23S  M 
„    in  a  carriage  223  M 
Sitting  room  C  162  M 
Situation    (an    official)    ^11 

XIX 
Six  3  M— 273  IV 
„    (illustrations  of  the  use 
of)  45  L 
Sixth  P  11" 
Skein  of  silk   194  M 
Skin   104  13 — 18S  J. 
Skirt  175  M 
Slab  ink  C  c  36   R 
Slaiuler      311       XIX — 309 

XVII 
Slap  of  the  hand  C  243  R 
Slave  7   R 

„      (female)  150  L 

„      (male)  150  L 
Slay   118  'J'j— c  148  R 
Sleep  77  R — C  c  220  M — 
308  XVI 

„     on  ground  C  240  R 

„     with  C  234  L 
Sleeper  C  161   I. 
Sleeping  on  the  bed  C  229  M 
Sleeve  c  174  L — 289  X 
Slip  out  c  17  R 
Slipper   C  ^^  L— C  175  L 
Sloping  292  XI 
Slow  15  ], — 305  XIV 
Slowly  C  212  M 
Small  14  R— 20  R 

„      boat  C  203  L 
Smash  C  241   R 
Smell  C  c  77  R — 304  XIII 
Smoke  57  I, — 171  M 

„        a    ]iuff  of    tobacco 

223  M 


236    M — 310 


Short  198  I, 
Shorten  310  X  \'  1 1 1 
Shorter  C   19S   I, 
Shortest  C  198  L 
Shortly  c  222  L 
Should    98  30—98  Is — App 

I  St  Stanza 
Shovel  C  c  171  M 
Shove  otf  C  c  220  R 
Show  C  220  R 

„       (a -of)  309  XVII 
Shrimj)  57  R 

(salted)  C   1 78  I, 
Shrink    C   c 

XVIII 
Shun  c  214  R 
Shut  6  L-  276  VI 
Shuttle  95    <i 
Shut  up  C  234  M 
Sick  C  c  197   M 
Sickness  160  R 
Side  311  XIX 
„      (that)  C  209  L 
„      (this)  C  209  L 
SKIH  120  HHi 
Sigh  306  XV 
Sign  c  200  R- 
220  M 
„     board   c 

XIII 
„     of  past  tense  15  M — c 

29  R-34  R 
„     of  possessive  287  IX — 

304  XIII 
„     of  plural  287  IX 
„     one's  name  C  c  71  R 
Signature  C  205  R 
Signs  C  204  M 
Silk  104  11 — c  200  M 
„     cord  C  204  M 
„     (embroidered)  C  204  L 
„     Hoss  C  204  M 
„     (pieceof  goods)C  204L 
„     (plain)  C  204  L 
„     (ribbon)  C  204  M 
„     (watered)  C  204  L 
„     worm  135  )G7 
Sill  c  162  R 
Silver  c  57  M — 307  XV 
Silversmith  C  150  h 

„       (a  master)  C  241  L 
Similar  5  R 
Simply  5  R 
Sin  c  67  M 
Since    P   7 


-20s    R—  C  C 


R-30I 


Seventh  P  lan 
Several  197  M 
Severe  c  197  L 
Sew  c  39    R-  71    M— 510 
XVIII 
„     on  a  button  C  240  1. 
Sewer  C  200  R — c  224  R 
Sewing   machine   C   176  R 
Shade  c  164  M — c  223  M — 

306  XV 
Shadow  197  R — c  231   R 
Shadows  A])])  5th  Stiinza 
Shady  292  XI 
Shaggy  310  XVIII 
Shake  301   XIII 

„       hands  C  225  M 
Shallow  197  M 
Shame  c  153  R — 291   X 
Share  (a)  3  R 

„      of  stock  283  VIII 
„      of  trade  190  M 
Sharp  132  loi — C  c  197  M 
Shave  71  L— 285  IX 
Shaving  brush  C  166  L 
She  3  R— 5  R— 6  R 
Shear  C   175  I, 
Sheep  6  M — 277  VI 
Sheet  C  166  M 
Shelf  288  IX 
Shell  202  M 

„      fish  C   177   L 
Shelter  7  M 
Shepherd    C    159    M — 282 

VIII 
Shew  C  71    M 
Shield  5  R — 1 19  m.' 
Shine  220  R 
Ship  c  204  R 
Shipwright  C   150  M 
Shirt   c  33  M — C  174  L — 

190  R 
Shoe  c  ^^  M — c  147  L 
„     brush    C    166    L — C 

172  L 
„      factory  C   155   1, 
„      maker  C  150  M 
„      polish  C  172   L 
„      store  C  156  M 
Shoot  birds  C  244  M 
Shop  c  28  L — 204  L — 282 
VIII— 307  XV 
„      (barber)  C  156  L 
„      (curio)  C  156  L 
„      (tailor)  C  156  M 
Shore  up  C  236   R 


343 


Seat  278  VII 

Seated  in  a  sedan  C  229  M 
„       (tobe  firmly)  C  238  M 
Second  P  7'J — 99  21 
Secret   c   217  R — c  220  M 
Secrete  c  232  M 
Secretly  302  XIII 
Secure  7  R — c  197  M 
Security  C  203  L — 311  XIX 
Sedan  C  165  M 

„       chair  191  M 
See  C  c  67  M— 280  VII— 

304  XIII— App  ist  Stanza 
Seed  c  206  R 
Seek  C  216  M 
Seize  C  c  226  L — c  236  L — 
C  c  237  R 

„     asa  bird  of  prey  c  226  R 

„    onebythehandC225M 
Seized  fort  C  229  L 
Select   95    » — c   215  R — C 

227  R 
Self  IS  L—  128 140— C  144  M 

„  (one's)27iIII— 308XVI 
Sell  39  M— C  c  22o4l — 280 
VIII— 306  XV 

„     goods  C  231  L 
Send  39  R— C  c  228  L — 297 
XII— 305  XIV 

„     a  letter  C  239  R 

„     a  man  C  238  L 

„     compliments  C  220  R 

„     forth  302  XIII 

„     to  C  c  220  R 
Senior  278  VII 
Sentence  1 08  57— P 106—274 

V— 192  R 
Separate  C  7 1  M — C  220  R 
September  C  9  L 
Series  c   161   M — c  212  M 
Servant  283  VIII 
Serve  c  51  R — 281  VIII — 2 

L— 8  R 
Set  c  12  M— c  162  M 

„    forth  1 1 2  71 

„    in  C  227  L 

„    in  order  P  7i 

„    things  loosely  C  239  R 

„    time  App  8th  Stanza 

„    to  rights  C  236  L 
Sets  forth  P  15S 
Settle  7  L— 281  VIII 
Seven  3  M 

„       (illustrations   of  the 
use  of)  46  R 


Sailor  C  150  M 

Salary  C  c  203  L — c  205  M 

Saloon  C  157  R 

Salt  181  M— 313  XXV 

Salted  176  L 

„       fish  C  177  L 
Salt  meat  C  178  M 
Same  6  L — 7  R 
Sand  c  182  L — 278  VII 
Satiated  c  17  M — 303  XIII 
Satin  C  c  203  L 
Saturday  C  10  L 
Saucer  c  169  L 
Saucepan  57  M 
Sausage  C  57  R — C  178  L 
(stufted)   r    178  L 
Save  C  c  235  L 
„       (rescue)  C  c  240  R — c 

157  R 

Saw  174  L 

Sawed  a  tree  C  230  R 

Say  c  61  R — loi  J'J — 123 

117 — 219  L 
SAY-UNG  117  93 
Scaffold  c  161  L 
Scarf  pin  C  176  M 
Scatter  c  239  R — 298  XII 
Sceptre  c  146  R 
Scheme  C  231  L— 308  XVI 
Scholar    131  iio — C  150  M 
Schoolmate  281  VIII 
Scissors  C  36  R — 296  XI 
Scrape  128  lOT — c  232  L 

„       off  C  232  L 
Screen  C  225  M — 306  XV — 
164  M 
„     (folding)   164  M 
Screw  39  L — C  174  L 
(cork)  C  39  L 

„       driver  C  174  L 
Scold  219  L — c  220  L 
Scoop  out  C  227  L 
Scroll  c  209  L 
Sea  c   44   M — C   200  R — 

294  XI 
Seal  c  60  L — c  146  R 

„     it-don't  open  222  L 
Search  107  53 — no  68 

„        160  R — CC219L — 
293  XI 

„       into  c  168  M 
Season  282  VIII 
Seasons  13  L — loi  so 

„        (four)  C  c  44  M — 

C  8  M 


I  — 136 


Root  94   1 — 275  V 
„     (of  tree)  5  M 
Rope  203  L — 292  XI 
„      maker  C  150  R 
Rotation  (in)  C  211  L 
Rotten  197  M 
Rough  197  M 
Round  88  M — c  200  L 

„       seat  C  165  M 
Row  (a  boat)  C  244  L — C 
c  2ig  L — C  c  237  R 
„      (i.e.  series)  c  161  L 
„      (of  characters)  193  R 
Rul)ci66L — C20S  R — 36  L 
Rudder  c  80  R — C  c  204  M 
Rule  c  45  L — P  07 — 95   7 — 
106  50 — 135  105 — c  146 
R_p  150—280  VII— 
282    VIII— 292  .  X— 
295    XI — 300    XII — 
301  XIII 
„     (carpenter's)  174  L 
Ruler  116  0:) — 1 16 

170 — 167    L — 276  VI 
„      (Desk)  167  L 
Rules  c  159  M 
Run  c  220  M — C  227  R — 
C  c  237  L— Cc  238  M- 
„     after  C  226  L 
„     (outside)  C  231  M 
Rush  (i.e.  reed)  128  v-'i 
Russia  C   146  R 


Sacrifice  117  96 

Sad  294  XI 

Saddle  c  150  M 

„       girth  C  c  173  M 

Saddler  C  150  M 

Safe  C  197  M 

Safely  c  238  M 

Said  272  IV 

Sail  C  c  76  L — 2igL — Cc 
238  R 
„     (fore)  C  204  R 
„     (main)  C  204  R 
„     (mizzen)  C  204  R 
„     (to  go)  C  77  K 
„     (to  hoist)  C  (■  76  I, 
„     (to  set)  C  c  76  I. 
„     (to)  C  239  M 
„     (to — a  ship)  C  c  71  L 
„     to  or  away  C  232  R 


342 


Rcliirn  homo  _?io  Will 
„       hither  C  219   1. 
„       thither  C  219  I, 
Revere  275  X 
Reverse  27 1   l\"-  7   R 
Revert  274  V 
Revise  c  39  R 
Revive  308  XVI     311  XIX 
Revolve  297  Xll 
Reward  (,'  240  R 
Rihlion  C   173  M 
Rice  103  s;—  181  M 

„      flour  C  i8i  M 
Rich  7  L — C  c  T97   R 
Riches  C  203  M 
Ride  c  173  M 

„      C  c  219  I, 

„      horse  back  C  174  M 
Ritlge  c  162  M 

„      i)ole  C  162  M 
Right  c  9  I.— c  46  M 

„      away  C  38  L 

(i.e.'  not  left)  6M — 
274  V 
Righteous  95    7 
Righteousness  102  »5 
Rime  309  XVII 
Ring  39  M — 52  M — C  1 76  R 

„     bell  C  242  R 

„     (tor   finger)   C   c    176 
R— 308  XVI 

„     (diamond)  C  176 
Riot  C  203  M 
Ripe  197  M 
Rise  120  HI" — C  c  237  I, 

„      up  285  IX 
Rive  (to)  c  146  R 
River  c  163  R 
Road  c  44  R — 94  i 
Roam  301  XIII 
Roast  c  219  L 
Roasted  176  I, 
Rob  C  c  233  M — c  239  R 

„  openly  6  R 
Robust  297  XII 
Rock  c  163  I, 

„     candy  C  179  M 
Rocker  C  163  I. 
Rocks  C  c  203  M 
Roll  275  V— c  236  I, 

„     up  (as  a  screen)  C  227 

R— C  236  L 
Roof  C  c  162  M 
Room  188  I.— 283  VIII 
Rooster  c   177   R 


Rely  on  3  R-    153  L— 30S 

XVI     296  XI 
Remainder    C    203    M     C 

2 1 1  M 
Remember  67  M — 151  I.- 

C  c  219  M — C  225  I, 
Remote  6  L 

Remove  123  i-o — c  22S  M — 
c  232  I- 
all  C  228  M 
Rend  c  241   R 
Rent  c  231  L — C  c  76  I, — 
C  c  203  M 

„     (to  pay)  c  76  I, 
Rented    (a   "Go  down")  C 

229  I. 
Repair  C  c  71  M — c  215 

M — C  c  219  M 
Repeatedly  298  XII 
Repent  293  XI 
Repentance  C  153  1. 


50—298  XII— 
.\\>[>      7th 


Reply 

309      XVII 

Stanza 
Repress  c  197  L 
Reprimand  c  214  M 
Reptile  277  VI 
Request  c  2 1 8  L — C  c  2 1 9  M 
Rescue  C  240  R 
Resentment  C  153  M 
Residence  7  M 
Residue  c  211  M — 308  XVI 
Resignation  125  i:5 
Resolution   (to  have  come 

to  a)  C  240  M 
Resort  C  232  M 
Resources    (no — whichever 

way  I  turn)  C  44  L 
Respectful      106      so- — 309 

XVII 
Responsibility  4  L 
Rest  7  L— c  61  R— 8ocM 
L — c   166  M — C  219 
M— 304  XIII 
„       (from  workl  C  225  M 
Restaurant  C  156  L 
Restrain  7  R 
Result  275  V 
Resurrect  308  XVI 
Retail  C  211  M 
Retain  C  63  L 
Retire  289  X 
Return  71  M — c  80  M — C 
232R— CC237L— 
App  6th  Stanza 


Rear  up  302  XIII 
Reason   188  Re  21.'  1.— 

1'    (;    225    2;« 

Rebuke  c  215  M-  306  XV 
Receipt  C  203  M     C  76  M 

„        (to  give)  c  76  M 
Receive  122  11:1 — 125  i-'n^ — 
c  200  1,-281  VIII 

„        (commantls  from  ;i 
sujierior)  282  VII 1 
Received  (a  letter)  C  230  M 
Recently  C  210  L 
Rece])tacle  269  II 
Reception  283  VIII 
Recite  C  67  M— 126  i::i  — 

132    133 — C    C    219    M 

Reckon   c   220   M — C   227 

R— C  240  M 
Recognize  P  Hi 
Recollect  C  225   1. 

„      (suddenly) C  227  M 
Recommenil  287  IX 
Recompense  P  »s 
Record    114  »o — 114  ^l — P 

12; — 126   li'J — 130  iw — P 

274—309  XVII 
Red  C  c  47  R 
Redeem  313  XXII 
Reduce   (price  of)   286  IX 
Reduced  (a  City)  C  229  M 
Reflect    (a    true    image)   C 
231  R 

„         (think)  c  224  1. — 
C   228  L— 287  IX 

„         upon    past  and  fu- 
ture C  224  L 
Reform  273  IV 
Refreshing  290  X 
Refuge  III  o'j 
Refuse   C    219   M — C    228 

M-311  XIX 
Regard  289  X— 312  XXI 
Regret  P  ss — 293  XI 
Regularly  C  212  M 
Regulate  c  219  R 
Regulation  280  VIII 
Regulators  (seven)  C  c  46  R 
Rejoice  298  XII 
Relations  C  43  L 

„        (the    five  in   life) 

45  R 
Relationship  105   15 
Relatives  289  X— 301  XIII 
Relinquish  293  XI 
Relish  280  VIII 


341 


Quick  153  L— 278  VII 
„      lunch   hall  C  157  R 

Quicker  C  199  R 

Quickest  C  199  R 

Quickly  C  39  R 

Quiet  308  XVI 
„       (to)  298  XII 

Quire  191  L 

Quit  (a  place)  C  219  R 

(JU<)RN(;-MO  121  iiKJ 

R 

Rabbit  6  R— C  178  L 
Race  C  234  R — c  238  R 
Rag  203  M 
Railing  c  161   L 
Railroad  company  C  157  M 
Railway  car  190  R 
Rain  203  M 
Rains  160  L 

Raise  c  61  R — 134  uii — 136 
171— C  227  L— C228R 

„    (as  an  anchor)  C  227  M 

„    (as  a  standard)  C  227  L 
Raised   (one's  self  to  look) 

C  230  M 
Raisin  c  182  M— C  1S3  R 
Ramj)art  310  XVIII 
Range  of  hills  309  XVII 
Rank  c  43  L — c  45  M — c 

146    M — c    200    R — 285 

IX— 298  XII 
Ransom  313  XXII 
Rat  C  203  "m 
Rations  C  231  R 
Rattan  C  c  203  M 
Razor  C  166  L 
Reach    2    M — 107  51;-   115 
86 — 121 112 — 123117 — 
c  201  L — C  229  R 

„        (obtain   by   pursuit) 
C  239  R 

„        (with   your  eyes)  C 
229  R 

„        (with  your  hands)  C 
229  R 
Read  67  M 
Ready  C  c  55  R 

„        (to   ha\e   things)   C 

239  M 
Real  estate  303  XIII 
Really  63  L 

Rear  (i.e.  raise)  c  155  R — 
-,02  XIII 


Pumpkin  C  181  R 
Punctuate  C  219  R 
Punish  4  L — C  219  R — 305 
XIV 
(a  fault)   C  c  67  M 

„       (officially)    C   67  M 
Punishment  277  VI 
Punishments  (nine)  C  c  46  R 
Purchase  C  237  M 
Purchased  (goods)  C  229  L 
Pure  285  IX 

Purpose  153  L — c  202  R 
Purse  C  175  M 
Pursue  C  226  L — C  229  R — 

C  232  M — c  235  R 
Push  C  c  219  R— c  228  M 

„    29.3  XI 

„     aside  C  235  M 
„     away    C    228    M — C 
232  L 
Put  22  M — c  33  R — c  236  M 
„    aside  C  235  M 
„    away  C  33  R— C  235  L 
„       „      (as  clothing  when 

not  used)  C  227  L 
„    close  C  235  L 
„    down  C  219  R 
„    goods  in  the  "Go  down" 

22X    L 


on  c 


34  R 


C  236 


„    a  pair  of  shoes  223  M 
„    clothes  c  221  L 
„    clothing  223  R 
„    one  side  C  238  M 
„    (to)  c  33  R 
in    order  c  214  R 
„    together  C  236  M 
things  aright   C  239  R 
in   projier  place 
M 
things  in  wrongly  C  239  R 
„    to  account  224  R 
„    up  C  234  M 
Pyramidal  277  VI 


o 

Quarrel  C  C67  R — Cc  152  L 
Queen  6  M— 276  VI 
Queer  284  VIII 
Question    mark  (?)    17    I, — 
283    VIII— 289    X— 304 

XIII— P   262 

Queue  (to  plait  the)  C  239  L 


Price  C  51   L — 305  XIV 
Prick  128  130 
Priest  C  150  R 
Priestess  C  150  R 
Prince  106  oi — 119  101—276 

VI 
Principle  1S8  R 
Print  c  150  R 

„      C  c  219  R 
Printer  C   150  R 
Printing  office  C   157   R 
Prison  7  R — c  155  R — 305 

XIV 
Prisoner  7  R — 274  V 
Private  197  R — c  202  R 

„       school  C  !  58  L 
Proclamation  c  203  R 
Produce  292  XI 
Professor  (J  159  L 
Profit  c  23s  L — 310  XVIII 
Prohibit  305  XIV 
Projecting  275  V 
Promise  C  c  203  R — 296  XI 
Prompt  c  219  M 
Proof  308  XVI 
Propagate  305  XIV 
Proper  7  L — 213  L 
Property  303  XIII 
Propriety  311  XIX 
Prosper  c  13  R — 2S4  VIII 
Prosperous   5  M — 116  92 — 

283  VIII 
Protect  7  M 

„       c  203  L— 278  VII — 

312  XX 
Protection  c  157  M 
Proud  C  c  152  L 
Provide  C  229  R — 302  XIII 
Province  P  I7i — 203  R 
Provincial  City  C  203  R 
Provisions  c  231  R 
Public  c  13  R 

„       school  C   158  I, 
Pull  c  221  M— 2S3  VIII— 
284  VIII 

„     away  C  234  L 

„     up  C  227  M 

„      „    (as  a  flag)  C  228  R 

„      „    by  a  hook  C  227  M 

„     (up  to  a  beam  in  tor- 
ture) C  226  M 
Pullet  C  17S  L 
Pulse  (wheat)  103  a7 

„      c  242  L 

„      (feel  the)  C  242  L 


340 


Possessive  case  (sign  of)  24!. 

, -'81 

VIII 
Possible  6  L— C  197   R 
Post  c  162  R 
Postage  C  203  R 
Posterity   5   M 
Post  office  C  154  L 
Pot  c  172  M 
.,     (cofiee)  C  169  1, 
„     cover  C   171    M 
„     (tea)  C  169  L 
Potato  C  51   M 
Pound  87  L 
Pour  C  c  67  L— 304  XIII 

„      ( from  a  vessel )  c  2 1 6  R 
in  C  c  218  L 

„      out    C    c    218    L— C 

227  R 
Powcier  c  166  R — c  201  L 

(gun)  C  201   L 
Power   91    R — c    146  M — 

286  IX 
Powerful  C   152  L — 296  XI 
Powers  c  43  M 
Practice  94  L 

„         usury  C  240  R 
Praise  46  M— 113  8i> 
Praise  313  XXVI 
Pray   C  c  218  L— 288  IX 
Prayer  (the  Lord's — )  90 
Preach  7  L 
Preface  P  27i 
Precedence     (give-to)     313 

XXIV 
Precepts  (five)  C  45  R 
Precious  c  43  M — 311  XIX 
Prefecture  282   VIII 
Prei)are  112  76 — C  c  218  L 
„        (for   a   journey)   c 

199  L 
Prei)ared   289  VIII 
Presents  (to  engage  or  in- 
duce by — )  C  242  M 
Preserve  112  7i — C  219  R — 

c  235  R 
Press   C    239  M— c  235  L 

„      upon  C  235  L 
Pretend  c   196  R 
Pretty  C  208  R 

„       good  C  212   R 
Prevent  jjeople  from  passing 

and   repassing   C  224  M 
Previously    ^04   XIII — 285 

IX 


Play  on    a   stringed  instru- 
ment 308  XVI 
Play  with  c  218  L 
Please  C  c  29  R 
Pleased  312  XX 

„       (tobe)  283  VIII 
Pleasure  309  X\'II 
Pledge  (safely)  c   197  M 
Plot   (of  ground)   192  R — 

"94  R 

Plough     c      14S      R — 303 
XIII 

Pluck  C  c  237   R 
„       up  C  232   R 

Plum  182  L 

I  Plunder  c  23  r   M — 6  R 
I  Pocket  c  166  M 
I  Poem  191   R 

Poetrj'  I  r  o  ii7 

Point  c  44  M — 269  I 

Pointed  c  197  M 

Points  (the  four)  C  44  R 

Poison  c  179  R^ — 203  R 

Poisonous  (heart)  C  197  R 

Pole  c  201   R 


a  boat  C  2 


0/ 


M 


„      (north)   c   45  L— 302 

XIII 
Police  C  154  M 

„      captain  C  147  M 

„     station  C  154  M 
Policeman  C  149  L 
Polish  C  c  218  L 
Polite  c  10  M 

,,      rites  no  i" 
Politeness  102  sj — C  203  R 
Political  C  145  R 
Politics  286  IX 
Pomegranate  C  183  R 
Pond  303  XIII 
Ponder  c  2 i 8  R 
Pool  303  XIII 
Poor  129  11-' — C  c  197  R — 

292  XI— 306  XV 
Porcelain  c  200  M 
Porch  C   163   R— 295   XI 
Pork  C  48  R 
„      chop  C  178  M 
„      steak  C   178  M 
Port  clearance  C  203  R 
Porter  C   149  L 
Portiere  C  164  R 
Portrait  c   158   R 
Possessive  case  (sign  of)  c 

■  9  I. 


-5  1^ 


M — c  213  L 


Pile  c  223  T-— 292X1 — 310 

XVIII 
Pile  uj)  C  227   R 
Pilferer  C   149  I. — C  242  M 
Pill  270  III 
Pillar  286  IX 
Pillow  282  VIII— C  166  M 

„       case  C  166  M 
Pilot  C   149  I- 
Pin  C  36  R- 
Pincers  174  M 
Pinch  c  i; 

„       (to  take  a-)  C  234  M 
Pine  ajjple  C  182  L 
Pipe  C  c  57  M— 301  XIII 

„     (cold  water)  C  170  L 

„     (hot  water)  c  171   R 

„     (waste)  c   171    R 
Pirate  C   149  L 
Pistol  c  202  L 
Pit  280  VII 
Pitch  away  C  218  M 

„      here  C  218  M 
Pitcher  c  169  L 

„       (milk)  C   169  L 

„        (water)  C   169  J^ 

Pity  C  c  152  M— 287  IX— 

298  XII — App  7th  Stanza 
Placard  C  202  L 
Place      P     270 — A  PI)      8th 

Stanza — 17  R 
Place  it  erect  C  238  M 
Plague  287  IX 
Plain   107  51 
Plaintiff  C  43  M 
Plait  128  1-7 

„      (the  cue  or  cpieue)  C 

239   I- 

Plan  c  146  I, — c  230  I, — c 
231    1, 

Plane  174  L 

Planet  (live)  C  c  45   R 

Plank  279  VII 

Plant  57  M— 303  XIII 

Plantain  C   182   L 

Plaster  (medicinal)  C  190  L 

Plate  19  M— 305  XIV 

Platform  c  164  M 

Platter  306  XV 

Play    67     M — 137     175 — C 
203  R 

Play  (amusement)  C  218  1, 
„     (a  comedy)  C  242  M 
„     at  cards  C  242   R 
..     (drama)  C  218  L 


339 


Perform  c   218  L 

„        mass  C  242  R 
Perhaps  c   211   L — Cc  212 

R— 282  VIII 
Period  c   14  R 

„       (of  time)   60  L 

„       ( i.  e.      punctuation 

mark)  40  R 
I'ermit  5   L — 310  XVIII 
Persuade  218  M 
Pen  C  c  31  M— 298  XII 

„     (knife)  C  36  R 
Pencil  C  c  36  R 
Penny  C  51   L 
People  C  71  R— 136  170— 

C  207   L 
Pepper  C  56   R 
Peppers  C  181   R 

„        (powder)  C  181   R 
(red)  C   i8i   R 
Perpetual     283    VIII— 288 

IX 
Persimmon   182   L 
Person  c   199  M 

„        (a  certain)  288  IX 
Personal  126  lai^ — 279   VII 
Perverse  303  XIII 
Petition  c   218   L 
Petticoat  c  175  R 
Phalanx  307  XV 
Pheasant  C   178  M 
Philosophy   book  C  168  R 
Photo  C  158  R 

„      gallery  C   158  R 
Photograph   (to   take  a-)  C 

231  R 
Phrase  6  L 
Physician  C  149  L 
Piano  C  163  R 
Pick  160  R 

„      (up)  C  234  L — 288  IX 
Pickle  295  XI 
Picture  c  159  M— 189  M 
Piebald  306  XV 
Piece  275  V — c  33  M 

„      of  cloth  194  R 

„      of  wood  194  R 
Pier  glass  C  164  R 
Pierce  no  05 
Piety  98  IS-  C  152  R — 278 

VII 
Pig  c  48  R — 103  M 
Pigeon    C    c    178    M — 309 

XVII 

77  M 


Pigeon  egg  C 


Parlor  C  163  M 
Parsley  C  180  L 
Part  (a)  3  R~273  IV— App 

2d  Stanza 
Part  (to)  c  71   M 

„     with  c  215  L 
Partial  293  XI 
Participle  213  R 
Particie  (a  final)  5  L — 308 

XVI 
Partition  C  162  R— 299  XII 

„         it  C  224  M 
Party  4  L 
Pass  c  233  R 

„     away  296  XI 

„     on  both  sides  C  224  M 

„     over  C  233  R 

„  through  269 1 — 305  XIV 

„         „      c  161  M 
Passage  c  203  L 

„       boat  C  203  L 
Passages  (nine — of  the  body) 

C  46  M 
Passing  App  5th  Stanza 
Passions  104  « 

„         (seven)  C  c  46  R 
Past  16  R 
Paste  C  c  202  L 
Pastor  C   159  M 
Pastry  C   181   R 

„        cook  C   149  M 
Pat  (on  the  back)  284  VIII 
Path  way    C   r6i   M — App 

4th  Stanza 
Patience  278  VII 
Patient  C  152  M 
Patrimony  120  in? 
Pattern  c  88  M 
Pawn  c   149  M 
Pawnbroker  C  149  M 

shop  C  155  M 
Pay  C  218  M 

„     costof  lawsuit  C  240 M 
Peace  7  L — c  198  R— 295 

XI 
Peach  C  c  182  L — 291  X 
Peanut  C   182  L 
Pear  (russet)  C  182  L 
Pearl  C  c  176  M 

„     (mother  of)  202   M 
Peas  C  181   R 
Pecul  88  R 
Peddler  C   149  L 
Perceive  132  155 
Perfect  7  M— C  46  M 


Orphan    144  M— 282  VIII 
Ought  130  U5— 132  UB — Cc 

2^8  M 
Ounce  C  87  L 
Our  C  22  M— P  iw 
Ours  27  M 
Ourselves    C    207    M — 278 

VII 
Out  c  12  R— P  lo'j 
Outside  P  g— C  c  26  M— 

Outside  rooms  C   161   M 

Oval  C  88  M 

Oven  c  172  M 

Overcoat  C  174  M 

Oversee  c  203  R 

Overturn  C  227  R 

Owe  67  L 
„      (goods)  C  218  M 
„      (money)  C  218  M 

Oyster  178  M 


Pacify    c   224  L — 298  XII 

„         (peoples    minils)    C 

224  L 
PackupC2i8M— CC233M 
Page  287  IX 
Pages   108  57 

Pail  C  c  171  M — C  172  L 
Pain  298  XII 
Paint  C  218  M 

„      (one's  face)  C  242  L 
Painter  C  149  M 
Pair   c   33  M — 310  XVIII 

„      (of  shoes)  192  L 
Palace  7  L 
Palm  c  243  R 

„     (of  the  hand)  c  237  M 
Pan  c  171   R 

„      (sauce)  57  M 
Panegyric  1 1 3  77 
Pants  c  36  M 
Papa  C   142  I, 
Papaw  182  L 
Paper  31    M — c    200    R — 

294  XI 
Paper  maker  C   149  M 
Parasite  (to  live  like  a — )  C 

242  M 
Pardon  290  X 
Pare  C  232  L 

„      (off)  C  227   L 
Parents  C  43  R— C  63  L 


338 


Oil  <■   149   M-2S4   VIII 

„     l;ini]i  C    164  M 
( )iiUmcnt  c  241   M 
Ol.l  6   l.-c  8  M-96  13 
„     testament  C  16S  R 
Older  98  •!" 
Olive  C   180  L 

„      oil  C   180  L 
Omelette  C   178  M 
( )mniscient  C  42   R 
On  5  R— 136  17-' -271    111 
Once  c  44  R 
One  2  R — P  ti — 126  1^9 

„     (by  one)  C  42   R 

„     (illustrations  of  the  use 

of)  42   R 
One  mindone  purpose  C42R 
Ones  too  ii 

„     self  27 1  111— 308  XVI 
Onion   180  I, 

„      greens  C   180  L 
Only  5  R— 137  171 — Cc  212 

R— 274   V— 278  VIII— 

33  L 
Ol)en  67  L 
Open  67  L 

,,      128  1.17 

„      291  X— 297  XII 

„      (by   force)   C  241   R 

„      (door)  C  241   M 
Oppose  5  R 

Opposite  271  IV — C  209  L 

Orange  C  c  57  R — 182  M 

(dwarf)  C   182  M 

„       (mandarin)     182    L 

„       (nutmeg)   182  L 

Order   c   46  M — 109  ei — c 

212  M— C  c  218  R 
Order     (to    force     one     to 
write — for  money)  C  240  M 
Order  (set  in)  P  7i 
Orderly  c  214  C — c  239  L 
Ordinal  number  29S  XII 
Ordinals  C  10  R 
„         (first)  10  R 
„         (second)  10  R 
„         (thirti   etc.)   1 1   M 
Ordinarily  C  210  L 
Or  81   R— 283  VIII 
Ore  311   XIX 
Orifice  c  46  M — 272  IV 
Origin  5  M — c  146  R 

„  P    3S. 

Original  273  IV 
Ornament  c  1 50  I, 


'/»-4  M 
'/»-4  M 
'/.0-4  M 
"I, ,-4  M 
'/8-4  M 
'=/,o-4  M 
'/,«-4  1- 
Nunnery  155  M 
Nurse  C  149  M 
Nutmeg  c  180  M 

o 

Oar  202   I. 

Oars  c  7 1    I . 

Oath  305  .\l\' 
„      (make-to)  C  220  I. 

Oats  295  XI 

Obedient  197   R 

Obey  100  ->— Cc  218  R— 
287  IX 

Obliged  29S  XII 

(for)  C   154  R. 

Oblong  C  88  M 

Obscure  197  R 

Observe  C  77   R 

Obstruct  c  220  L — 303  XIII 
„        (the  road)  224  R 

Obtain  c  221  M — 292  XI 
„     (by  purchase)  C  239  I, 
„     (by  pursuit)  C  239  R 
„     (by  robbery)  C  239  R 
„     (by  theft)  C  236  L 

Occasionally  C  210  M 

Occupation  C  c  202  I, 

Occupations  C  c  146  L 

Ocean  288  IX— 294  XI 

October  C  10  R 

Odes  113  77 

Odds  (and  ends)  c  239  R 

Of  5  R— 13  M— P  It')— P  17-2 

„  course  €211   L 

Offend  5  C  R 

Offer  c  201   R 

„  (commercially)  C  218  R 

Offensive  304  XIII 

Office  C  1 58  R 

Officer    7  L— c   13   R 
„       (a  public)  2   L 
.,      (of  Government)  281 
VIII 

Official  127   i:ic 

„        (situation)  31 1  XIX 

Often  P  10— C  c  76  M 

Oh   137  i7ii 


-275  V 
45    I' 


302 


North   10 1   '11 
pole    c 
XIII 

Not  13  M— 15  R— 15M— 
18  R— P  su— 90  1.-  1 28 
i:i8— 273  IV— 281  VIII— 
A|)])  ist  Stanza-  6th 
Stanza 
Not  allow  one  to  (leclinu  an 

invitation  C  228  I. 
Not  flat  270  III 
„     hit  it  C  243   R 
„     there  C  209  L 
„     yet  C  c  76  M — 275  V 
Note  down  290  X 

„     of      admiration     309 
XVII 
Note    of   exclamation    309 

XVII 
Notwithstanding  127  i:u 
Nourish  292  XI — 302  XIII 
November  C  10  R 
Now  c  8  R— P  5;— C  c  76 

R-173  R 
Now  and  then  C  210  M 
Number  6  M — c  10  R — 13 

L- — 102  31 — 304  XIII 
Numerals  C  3  R — P  C  T-i — 7i 
„         (commercial)     85 
M  L 
Numerals  (Ordinals)  87  M 
„         (written)  85   R 
II— 3  M 
12-3  M 

13—3 
20—3 

3°—3 

40-3 

50—3 

60—3 
100—3 
322—4 
325—4  R 
500—3  L 

645—4  R 

1000 — 3  L 

nil — 4  R 

10,000 — 3  L 

75,624-4  R 

100,000 — 3  I, 

500,000 — 3  L 

1,000,000 — 3  L 

'U-4  M 

'/,-4  M 

•/.-4  M 


M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
L 
L 
R 


337 


Narrate  C  227  M 
Narrow    196   L — 282  VIII 
Nation  123  ho — 294  X 
Nation  c  154  R 

„        Capitol  C  154  R 
Nations  (all)  C  47  R 
Native  C  71   R— P  i7.i 
Natural  c  2  R 
Nature  94   1 — c  151  M 
Naval  academy  C  159  R 
Near  94  L — 281  VIII — 290 

X 
Necessarily  276  V 
Necessitate  292  X 
Neck  296  XI 

„     tie  C  175  R 
Need  90  M 
Needle  C  c  36  M  — 291   X 

„        woman  C  39  R 
Neighbor  95    i — 306  XV 
Nephew  C  144  R 

„        's  wife  C  144  M 
Net  c  i66  L — 202  L 
Never  C  76  M— c  78  M 
New  c  8  M — 302  XIII 
News  C  165  R 
Newspaper  C  165  R 

„  Office  C   157  R 

New  Testament  C   168  R 
New  Year  C  12  L 
Next  P  1-6 — P  170—276  V 
„      place  (in  the)  C  212  R 
NGU Y-CHO(  )K-UM  121111 
NGUY  122  115 
Niece  C  144  M 

„      's  husband  C  144  M 
Night  c  12  M— 281   VIII 
gown  C  175  M 
„       ly  C   12  L 
„       (mid)  C  12  M 
„       time  C   12  M 
„       (to)  C  12  L 
Nine  3  M —  (illustrations  of 

the  use  of — )  46  R 
Ninth  P  l:w 
No  20  R— C  211  L 

„    occupation  C  202  R 
Nobility   (five  orders  of)  C 

45  M 
Noble  297  XII 
Noise  312  XXI 
Noon  6  M — 272  IV 

„      (after)  C  12  M 

„      (before)  C   12  R 

„      (fore)  C   12   R 


Mouthful  192  M 

Move  c  26  M — CC67  M — 
94   ■■! — 301  XIII — 307  XV 

Move  inside  C  238  L 

Much  c  29  R 

„       (how)  C  211  M 
(too)  C  211  M 
(very)  C  211  M 

Mud  c  147  L — 280  VIII 

MUN  122  lie 

MUN-CHUNG-GEE  IIS  *>" 

MUN-MO  117  04 

Museum  C  c  155  M 

Mush  room  C  180  L 
„         ,,       (black    edible) 
C  180  L 

Music  C  c  71  M — 112  7« 
„       store  C  156  M 
„       teacher  C  159  M 

Musical  instrument  c  156  M 

Musician  C  149  M 

Musket  C  202  M 

Musk  melon  C   180  M 

Muslin  C  202  L 

Mussels  C  178  R 

Must  C  78  M — 107  55 
„     (desiringly)   C  218  R 
„     (of  necessity)  C  2i8  R 
„     not   (peremj)torily)    C 
21S  R 

Mustard  C  56  R 

Muster  C  202  L 

Mutual  94   3 

Mutton  C  48  R 

„  broth  C  178  R 
„  chop  C  178  R 
„       (leg  of-)  C  178R 

My    6    L— C    15    M— 1x2 
7a — 279  VII 

Myriads  (ten)  307  XV 

Myself  C   207  M— 278  VII 

Mysteries   1 1 1   7-3 
Mysterious  303   XIII 

N 

Nadir  C  45  L 

Nail  (of  finger)  c  t66  L 

Nail    174  M — 292X1 — 5R 

„      brush  C  166  L 
Name  6  I. — c  46  M-~P  57 — 

113  7^ 
Nap  c  204  M — 302  XIII 
Napkin  c  22  R — 270  III 
(table)  C  34  M 


Molasses  C  180  L 

Monday  C  10  L 

Money    C   86  R  M  L— 87 

R  M— 307  XV 
Money  changer  C  149  R 

„        changing  C  202  R 
Monkey  C  c  202  M 
Month  5  L— 272  IV— 8  L 
„       before  last  8  L 

(last)  8  L 
„       (next  month)  8  L 
(this)  8   L 
Monthly  C  9  M 
Months'  P  C  77—78 
Mood  (potential)  213  R 

„       (subjunctive)  213  M 
Moon  5  L — 100  2(i 
Moonlight  202  M 
Moor  280  VIII 
Mosquito    c    53  R — 289  X 

„         net   166  L 
Moss  c  204  L 
Most    198   M— C    198  L— 

29S  XII 
Mostly  P  147 
Moral  285  IX 
More    13  M — 198  M — 280 

VII — App  5th  Stanza 
Moreover  127  laa — P  su 
Morning  298  XII — c  12  R 
(good)  C  47  M 
(this)  C  12  R 
Mother  95    5 — 272   IV 

(grand)  C   143  M 
„        (great     grand)      C 

143    M 
„         in  law  C   144   K 
Mother's    brother's   wife   C 

141  R 
Mother's  elder  brother's  wife 

C  141  R 
Mother'selder  sister  C  141  M 
„        sister  c  141  M; 
„        younger    sister    C 
141  M — C  141  R 
Mother's  younger  brother's 

wife  C  141   R 
Mother   of  pearl  C  202  M 
Mount  c  227  R — 297  XII 
Mountain   43    R — App  8th 

Stanza 
Mountains   (five  highest  in 

China)  C  c  45  M 
Mouse  C  c  202  M 
Mouth  5  M — 270  III 

37 


S36 


Memon'  c  17  R — 151   L 

MKNC'lUS  95    i 

Mend  c  39  R — C  c  39  R — c 

1 59  iM— C  2 1 S  R— C  240  R 
Merchant  c  146  L 
Merciful  C  152  M 
Merit  6  R — 137   I75 
Meritorious  6  R 
Merry  C  196  L 
Mess  (of  food)  190  L 
Messenger  286  IX 
Messengers  C  43  L 
Method  95  VII— P  119 
Metropolis  291   XII 
Mexico  C  146  M 
Midday  272  IV 
Middle  P  09—101  32 

„       course  109  61 
Midst  C  209  L 
Mile   C   c  88  R— 279  VII 
Military  c  149  R— 283  VIII 
„        academy  C  159  R 
Milk  C  c  51   M— 

„      pitcher  C   169  L 
Millet  (common)   103  37 
(glutinous)  103  37 
Million  c  47  R 
Minced  176  L 
Mind  302  XIII 
Mine   (i.  e.   belong   to  me) 

C  22  R 
Mine  c  159  M — c  168  L 
Mining  engineer  C  159  M 
Minister  100  -7 

„        (of  state)  7  L 
Minutes  C  16  R 
Mire  280  VIII 
Mirror  c  47  M — 31 1  XIX — 

313  XXIII 
Mirror  c  168  R 

„        of  History   168  R 
Miscellaneous  88  L 
Missionary    training  school 

C  158  L 
Mistake  C  c  42  R — 291  X 
Mix  c  155  L — c  232  R — 

C  c  234  M — 
Mix  up  203  M 

„     with  C  235  L 
Miz/.en  mast  C  204  R 

sail  C  204  R 
MU   iiS  O'J 
Moat  c  223  L 
Modern   126  vm 
Modest  Co  153  R 


Manner  (in  like)  3   R 
Many   196  L 

„       years  duration  222  M 
Map  160  L 
March  C  9  L 
Mark    6    M — c    202    R — c 

205  M 
Mark  goods  C  217  1, 

„       (private)  C  202  R 
Market  C  c  156  L 

„        (to  go  to — )C24tR 

„        town  C  206  R 
MARN  108  50 
Marry  67   R 

„        a  woman  C  67  R 

„        a  man  C  67   R 
Marvel  C  231   L 
Mason  C  149  R 
Mass  (ceremony)   c  242  R 

„       (perform)  C  242  R 
Mast  189  M— c  204  R 

„       (fore)  C  204  R 

„       (main)  C  204  R 

„       (mizzen)  C  204  R 
„       of  ship  293  XI 
Master  291  X 

„        (silversmith)  C  241  L 
Mat  98  17 
Match  C  165  M 
Matches  C  71   R 
Material  270  III 
Maternal  love  306  XV 
Mathematics  99  -^ 
Matter  c  199  1^ 
Matting  (Chinese)  302  XIII 
Mattress  C  166  M 
May  (verb)  C  9  L 
May  6  L — App  3rd  Stanza 
Me  206  L — 279  VII 
Meal  191  R— 308  XVI 
Mean  C  218  R 
Meaning  C  202  R 
Measure  272  IV — 300  XII 
Measures  87  L 
Meat  5  L — c  47  L 
Medical  book  C  168  M 
Medicine   c  146  L — c  156 

R-303  XIII 
Meditate  C  237  M 
Meet  (accidentally)  c  242  M 

„     again  293  XI 

„     with  301  XIII 
Melon  c  180  M 

„       (musk)  C  180  M, 

„       (water)  C  180  M 


Luck  6  L — c  145  L — 276  VI 
Lucky  196  L — c  196   R 
Lumber  c  31   M 

„         yard  C   158   R 
Lump  c  235   R 

„       (to  make  one — of  it) 

^  235  K 
LUX  122  nt 
Lunch  C  202   R 

„        room  C  157  R 
Lute  133  ii7 

„      (Chinese)  301    XI 11 
Luxuriant  P  i7i 

M 

Mace  C  180  M 
Machine  95    c — c  171  L 
Made  119  loj 

„      a    flower    garden    C 

230  M 
Made  much  money  C  229  L 
Magazines  C   165  R 
Magistrates  C  43  L 
Magpie  C  244  M 
Mail  (coat  of)  274  IV 
Main  mast  C  204  R 

„      sail  C  204  R 
Majesty  (your)  C  47  R 
Make    39    M-P    54—112 

73 — 121  109 — 275  V 
Make  a  hole  in  the  ground 

C  227  L 
Make  an  obeisance  C  244  I, 

„      articles    for    worship 

or  eating  C  231  M 
Make  bed  C  240  L 

„      button  hole  C  240  L 

„      money    in    trade    C 

237  L 
Make  presents  C  237  L 

„      one  lump  of  it  C  235  R 

„      silver   ring   for   neck 

C  241  L 
Male  C  c  28  R— 279  VII 
„       (of     brute     creation) 

196  L 
Mama  c  144  R 
Man  2   M — Pis 
„      (common)  28  M 
„      (walking)  269  II 
Manage   6   L — c  42  M — c 

147  L— C  c  240  M — 
Mandarin  C  149  R 


335 


Little  (too)  C  211   R 

„      (very)  C  211  R 
Live  2  M — c  13  R — c  236  M 

„   alone  in  a  lower  story 

C  224  R 
Live  like  a  parasite  C  242  M 
„     separately  in  a  village 

222  L 
Live   together   in  an  upper 

story  C  224  M 
Live  together  in  one  place 

222  L 
Live  there  (for  a  few  days) 

222  L 
Live  with  C  236  M 
Lives  at  our  estuary  223  R 
Living  P  IS-' 

LO    127    135 

LO  CHAWNG  IIS  *>« 
Load  (of  water)  193  M 

„      on  c  226  M 
Lobster  C  178  R 
Lock   63   L— 162   R— C  c 

226  L — c  234  M 
Lock  that  door  223  L 

„      up  C  234  M 
Loft  c  224  R 
Long  c  17  R— 284  VIII 

„    time  App  3rd  Stanza — 

270  III 
Long  time  ago  282  VIII 

„  bench  C  165 
Longevity  306  XV 
Look  C  C  67  M— 304  XIII 

„      after  c  221  L 

„      at  the  heavens  222  L 

„      for  51   R 

„      out  C  153  R 
Loose  196  L — 282  VIII 
Loosen  217  L 
Lop  off  C  227  L 
Lord  2  M 

Lose  c  13  R — 123  118 — 
Lost  5  L — c  152  L 
Lot  (of  ground)  189  M 
Lotus  c  183  L 
Louse  C  c  202  R 
Love   151   L — 217  L — 

„     (maternal)  306  XV- 
Lovely  c   145  L 
Low  196  L — 291  X 
I^ower  217  L 
Lowly  309  XVII 
Loyal  284  VIII 
Lychee  C  c  57  R 


Lease  c  217  R — 284  VIII 

Least  C  199  R 

Leave  off  307  XV 

Leek  C  i8o  L 

Left  (i.e.  not  right)  196  L 

Leisure   C    c    202    R — 301 

XIII 
Lemon  C  182  M 
Lend  63  L — C  2 1 7  M— C  c 

232  M — 290  X 
Less  C  199  R 
Let  go  282  VIII — C  c  233  R 

„    (as  a  house)  C  231  L 
Letter  P  102 — P  161 — 192  L 
Letter  (of  alphabet)  c  3  R 

„        (postal)  C  c  60  L 
Lettuce  C  180  M 
Level  C   228'  L— C  241  M 
Lice  c  201  R 
Lichee  C  182  M 
Lictors  C  43  L 
Lie  C  217  L 
Lie    prostrate    (to)    4    L — 

277  VI 
Life  c  220  M — 28  M — 281 

VIII 
Lift  217  L — C  227  L 

„     up  c  228  R 
Light  (not  heavy)  196  L 
„      5  L 

„      (day)  C  12  R 
„      it  up  C  239  M 
„      lamp  (to)  C  81  M 
„      (to)  36  M 
Lightning  301  XIII 
Like  (i.  e.  want  or  love)  1 7 

L— C  50  R 
Like  (i.  e.   similar)  5  R — 7 

R— 277  VI 
Like  a  desert  c  211  M 
Likeness  c  231  R 
Limber  196  L 
Limbs   (of  body)  283  VIII 
Limit  269  II 
Linen  274  V 
Lintel  c   162   R 
Lip  289  X 
List  c  60  L — 

„     (catalogue)  C  202  R 
Listen  c  216  L 
Literati  297  XII 
Literature  P  C  102 — 103 
Little  c  19  L — c  36  R — 199 
R — c  204  L — 270  III — 
276  V 


Late  130  U7 — 131  151 

Laugh  152  R — 290  X 

Laundry  C  157  R 

Law  (a)  8  R — c  45  M — 100 
27 — c  200  M — C  c  202 
R — c  205  M — 306  XV — 

280  vm 

Law  adviser  C  149  R 
„     book  C  168  M 
„     suit  (to  pay  cost  of)  C 

240  M 
Lawless  c  242  M 
Lawyer  C  149  R — C  159  M 
Lay  c  219  R 
„     (by)  234  M— c  33  R 
„     down  (things)  C  2 1 7  M 
LAY-UNG  122  113— 
LAYUNG-HO  131  ua 
Lazy  96  in — c  163  L — C  c 

196  M— 310  XVIII 
Labor  6  M— 278  VII 

„      day  C  13  R 

„      (for  wages)  C  244  L 
Lacquered  ware  c  156  L — C 

201   L 
Ladder  294  XI 
Ladle  out  304  XIII 
Lady  c  149  M 
Lake  204  M 
Lamp  C  c  36  M — c  1 64  R — 

194  R — 277  VI 
Lamp  (electric)  C  164  R 

„      (gas)  C  164  R 

„      (oil)  c  164  M 

„      .shade  C  164  M 

„      (to  light)  C  81  M— c 

172  L 
Lamp  wick  C  172  L 
Lead   c    149   L — 287    9 — c 

221  M 
Lead  (i.e.  metal)  304  XIII 
Lead  (out    troops)    C    225 

R— C  231  R 
Lead  (on  troops)  C  225  R 
Leaf  C  c  51  M— 298  XII— 

App  6th  Stanza 
Leaf  (of  book)  306  XV 
Lean  (not  fat)  196  M 
Lean  c  236  R — c  236  L 

„       over    (half   standing) 

C  226  R 
Lean    upon    C   236    R — C 

236  L — C  240  R 
Leap  c  226  R 
Learn  P  4— P  C  is— rj 


334 


K 

KAY    iij   7.1 

Keep  C  c  63  L— C  2 1  7  M— 

c  211  I, — C  c  235  M 
Kettle  171  R 
KevCc  17R— Cc  162  R- 

296  XI 
Kick  C  c  227  L 
Kidnap  c  232  M — Cc  232  M 
Kill  (by  sword)  291  X 

„     one  C  243  M 
Kind  c  152  R  273  IV 

,.     (class)  c  2 1 2  L  -  P  1  n 

„      (i.  e.)    Humanity  2  L 
Kindness  106  v,> — c  152  R — 

290  X — 306  XV 
KintlreilCc43  M — 100  23 — 

c  201   R — 301  XIII 
Kingdom  90  R — 121  112 
King  2  M — 100  i" 
Kiss  C  217  M 
Kitchen  C  162  L 

„        table  C  171  L 
Kneels    (down    to   worship 

spirits)  C  229  M 
Knife  6  R— 188  M 

„      (pen)  C  c  36  R 
Knock  6  L — 217  M 

at  274  V 
Know  125  Us — C  217  M — 

,,        (i.  e.   be  acquainted 
with)  63  L— 98  ;o— 3 1 2  XX 
Knows  (a  Httle)  C  44  L 
KG  122  116 
KO-CHO  1 20  107 
KUM  122  114 
KUXG-CUP  109  fii 
KUXG-VEAL"XG  114  si 


Land  (dry)  292  X 
I-anding  place  C  201  I, 
Landlord  C  201  L 
Language  P  2 — P21 — c  47 

M— 302  XIII 
lantern  C  36  M— C  165  M 
Lapidary  C  148  L 
l^rd  C'178  R 
Large  272  IV 
Lash  C  228  R 
lasting  118  iiw 
Last  place  (in  the)  C  212  R 


Interrogation  (mark  of)  6  L 
„       mark?  281  VIII 

Interrogatives  17  L 

Intestine  c  57  R 

Into  P  s.' 

Intoxicated  C  196  M 

Introduction  P    5 — P  2:; 

Invade  (a  territor)^)  C  243  L 
j  Invent  305  XIV 
I      „        (a  good  plan)  C  230 
;  Invert  c  244  L 
'Invite    C    c    257    M — 284 
j      VIII 

Invited  (to  be — )  C  233  M 

Invoke  288  IX 

Iron  57  M— c  147  R— c  171 
L— 304   XIII— 312  XXI 
I  Ironing  board  C  171  L 

Is  13  M— 91   R— P  £ns--P 
254 — 291  X — 292  XI 

It  3  R— 5  R-6R-  I24U:.' 

Italy  C  146  M 

It's  6  R— C  207  R 

Ivory  C  201  L 


J 

Jail  C  155  R-305  XIV 

January  C  9  L 

Japan  C  146  R 

JAY  133  iw 

Jealous  7  M 

Jelly  C  c  177  L 

Jest  196  L 

JESUS    C    c    12    L— P    C 

;56 £57 

Jeweler  C  148  L 
Jewelery  C  175  M — 

„         store  C  156  M 
Join  c  236  L — c  235  M 
Joint  (of  Bamboo)  194  M 
Joints   (classifier  of — )  301 

XIII 
Journey  c  161   R 
Joy  104  41 — 309  XVII 
Judge   133   157—279  VII— 

306  XV 
July  C  9  L 
Jump  c  200  M 

„      off  C  232  M 
June  C  9  L 
Just  16  R 
Justice  (to  demand)  296  XI 


L- 


-3°7 


Incense  (stick)  193  I, 
Inch  270  III 
Inclose  270  III 
Income  c  203  L 
Increase     c     21 " 

XV— 6  R 
Lnlex  C  159  R 
India  C  146  R 
Indian  corn  C  180  M 
„        meal  C  180  M 
Individual  290  10—5  R 
Indolent  C  196  M 
Induce  (by  presents)  C  242  M 
Industrious  C  196  M 
Infant  6  R— c  155  R 
Infect  280  VIII 
Inferior  152  M 
Influence  153  L—  R  294  XI 
Infold  269  II 
Inform  c  215  R 
Information  in  7i 
Injure  c  215  M--2I7  M — 

303  XIII— 310  XVIII 
Ink  C  c  31  M — c  36  R-  c 

146  M 
Ink  box  C  167  M 
,.     cover  C  167  M 
„     stone  C  167  M 
„     tray  C  167  M 
„     well  C  167  M 
Inn  C  c  158  R 

„     keeper  C  148  L 
Inner  rooms  C  161  M 
Inquire  (into)  288  IX 

„     (of  a   stranger)  296 
XI 
Insect  277  \'l 
Insert  C  227 
Inside  C   26 
Instead   (of) 

274  V 
Instruct  107  51—  159  L 
Instructor  c  159  R — 291  X 
Instrument  c  199  M 
Insurance  C  157  L 

„         (fire)  company  C 
157  M 
Insurance  (life)  C  157  L 
Intention  131  162-  c  213  L 
Intercalary  13  L 
Intercourse  c  243  M 
Interest  c  145  L 
Interjection    of  surprise   or 

admiration  5  R 
Interpret  C  64  R— C  217  R 


L 
R— C 


109  M 


R.-63  R- 


333 


Ho\V4L — C76R — 135  106 — 

App  3rd  Stanza 
How  many  C  c  31  R 

„      much  C  211  M 
HOW-PUN  120  10s 
Hyacinth  c  146  R 

Hum    113    78 — 133   153 

Humanity  2  L 

Humble    C   c   152  M — 282 

vni— 309  xvn 

Humbly  4  L 

HUN  1 20  107 

Hundred  99  i3 — 277  VI 

Hungry  C  201  R — 292  X — 

307  XV 
Hurry  (to  be  in  a — )  C  238 

M— C  239  M— 289  X 
Hurt  C  c  2 1 7  R — 303  XHI — 

App  7  th  Stanza 
Husband  2  L — 271  IV 
Hustle  c  205  R 


I 


I   6  L— 15  R— 278  VH 
Ice  26  R — 27  R — 269  II 

„    box  C  171  M 
Idle  c  231  M 
If  7  R — 13s  ICO— C  211  L — 

C211R— 277  VI— 291X 
Ignorant    107  63 — c  153  M 
Illness  (acute)  289  X 
Illumination  276  VI 
Illumine  304  XI 
Illustrate  112  75 — c  212  M 
Imitate  6  M — 132  iso 
Immediately  38  L 
Immerse  c  215  L 
Immodest  C  153  R 
Immortal  (an)  2  L 
Impede  c  220  L — 7  M 
Imperial  c  146  L 
Implement   C    173  L — 284 

VIII 
Import  C  217  R 
Important  P  !« 
Impossible  C  196  M 
Impoverished  c  197   R 
Improper  7  M 
Impure  308  XVI 
In  5  R — 91  M — 13  M — 26 

R — P  05—102  M 
In  general  P  68 
„    rotation  C  2 1 1  L 
„    the  first  place  C  212  R 


High  school  C  158  L 

Hills  95    7 

Him  22  M — c  206  L — 279 

VII— 284  VIII 
Himself  C  207  M 
Hinder    c    220    L — c    224 

M— 303  XIII 
Hindrance  c  229  R 
Hinge   c   36   R — 162   R — 

305  XIV 
Hire  (men)  217  R 

„      (dwelling)  C  217  R 
His  6  R— 22  M— C  207  R 
History  115  87 — c  168  L — 
Hoar  frost  309  XVII 
Hoard  up  298  XII 
Hoist  c  225  R 
Hold  c  So   R— 217   R— P 

200 — 291  X — c  238  M 
Hold  in  the  hand  C  227  R 

„     it  fast  C  238  M 

„     tight   by   the   hand  c 

Hold  up  (to)  c  13  R 
Holds  (a  pencil  in  the  hand) 

223  R 
Hole  c  175  L — 272  IV 
Holidays  C  12  L 
Holland  c  34  M — c  51  M 
Holy  90  R 
Home  7  L — c  67  R — c  201 

R— 28s  X 
Home   for  aged  C  155  R 

„      (to  return)  3 10  XVIII 
Hone  C  174  M 
Honey  C  180  M 
Honor  c  153  L 
Honorable  297  XII 
Honored  c  222  R 
Hook  c  227  M 
Hope  c  152  L 
HORN  120  100 — 129  113 
Horse  192  R 

„       whip  C  173  R 
Hospital  C  154  L 
Hot   46  L — 196  M — c  217 

R— 306  XV 
Hot  water  pipe  C  171  R 

„     weather  30 
Hotel  C  157  L 
Hours  C  14  R 
House  7  L — P 137-  c  146  L — 

193  R— 285  IX— 294  XI 
House  boy  C  51  R 
Household  7  L 


Hasten  C  227  R 
Hat  C  34  R— c  166  L 
„     box  C  166  L 
„      store  C  156  M 
Hatch  (artificially)  c  242  M 
Hate   104  43 — c    152   L — c 

214  R— 307  XV 
Hatred  151  L — C  c  153M 
Haul  c  226  L 

„     (a  rope)  C  225  R 
Have  13  M — 95   7 — 277  VI 
Have  reduced  a  city  C  2  2  9  M 

„     things  ready  C  239  M 
HAWNG-TORK  127  is'i 
HAY-NUNG  116  so 
HAY-UNG  98  17 
He   3   R— 5  R— 6  R— 127 

130—279  VII— 284  VIII 
Head   c    12    R— 285   IX— 

306  XV 
Heal  c  149  L — 311  XIX 
Health  295  XI 
Healthy  297  XII 
Heap  c  235  M 

„    UPC235M — CC227R 
Hear  99  21 — C  c  216  L — 

306  XV 
Heart  126  lai — 272  IV 

„       (poisonous)  C  197  R 
Hearth  c  199  L 
Heat  c  163  L — C  217  R 
Heaven  2  L — C  187  L — 271 

IV 
Heaven  (and  earth)  C  43  M 
Hea\y  App  5th  Stanza — 43 

M— 196  M 
Heedless  C  153  M 
Heel  c  ^^  L 
HEEN  121  110 
Heir  apjiarent  7  R 
Help  278  VII 

„     (divine)  290  X 

„     (when  fallen  down)  C 

227  M — 280  VII 
Hemp  c  205  L 
Her  6  R— 206  L— C  207  R 
Herd  303  XIII 
Here  C  22  L  -  125  i-7 
Hereafter  C  210  M 
Hide  App  8th  Stanza — Apj) 

ist Stanza — iii  ou — C236 

R — c  236  M 
Hide  away  C  236  M 
High  c  22  L — 12311'J — 295 

XI 


332 


(luest  7  I. 

GuiKl  c  155  I. 

tlun  c  200  R— c  202  M — 

287  IX 
(liin  i)o\vtler  C  201  L 
„     (to   ilischargc  a — )   C 

243   1- 

H 

Hail  2S4  VIII 
Hair  273  IV 

,,     (fine)  206   R — 273  I\' 

„     brush  C  166  R 
Hale  c  197  L 
Half  275  V— 42  M 
Hall    131   i;n — c  157  R — c 
159    R— C    163   R— 313 

XXV— 295  XI 
Hall  (quick  lunch)  C  157  R 

„     room  C  162  L 
Halter  C  173  M 
Ham  C  51  M 
Hamlet  279  VII 
Hammer  Co  174  M 
Hammock  C  165  L 
Hamper  7  R 
Hand  5  R— 272  IV 

„      down     136    17-' — 305 

XIV 
Hand  up  C  226  M 
Handle  201  L— 286  IX 
Handsome  199  R 

„  (more)  C  199  R 

.„  (most)  C  199  R 

Hang  Cc  226  M — 121  iot — 

129  i« — 276  VI— 291  X 
Hang  up  c  195  R 
Hanker  after  311  XIX 
Handkerchief  C  36  M 
Hanlin  C  c  43  1, 
Hapjjcn  296  XI — 301  XIII 
Hajjpiness  c  214  M 
Happv  c  151  L 
HAR'117  93 
Harbor  c  223  R 
Hard  (not  soft)  299  XII 
Hardware  store  C  155  L 
Harmony  100  ;8— 280  VIII 
Harness  c  173  L 

„        a  horse  C  173  L 
Harsh  c  195  M 
Harvest  309  XVII 
Hassock  C  165  R 


Grandchild  105   10 — 295  XI 
Grand  daughter  C  143  1. 
„      daughter's  husband  C 

143  1- 

Grandfiither  105  u-C  143  M 

Grandfather's  elder  brother 
C  143  M 

Grandfather's  elder  brother's 
wife  C  143  M 

Grandfather's  younger  bro- 
ther C  143  M 

Grandfather's  younger  bro- 
ther's wife  C  143  M 

Grandmother  C  143  M 

(great)  Ci  43  M 

Grandson  C  143  L 

Grandson's  wife  C  143  1. 

Groom  C  14S  I. 

„      (bride)  C  141   1. 

Grapes  C  c  182  M — 298  XII 

Grasp  c  220  1, — c  226  M — c 
80  R— C  c  235  L 

Grass  c  201  M — 288  IX 
„      cloth  C  201  L 

Grateful  303  XIII 

Gratitude  C  201   L 

Grave  c  12  L — c  200  R 

Gray  beard  c  148  R — 

Great     2    M — P    i-+-  271 
IV— 272  IV 

Green  €051  R— 281  VIII 

Greens  180  R 

„       (coarse)  C  180  M 
„       (narrow    leaved)    C 
180  R 

Greens  (pea  s])rout)  C  180  R 
(salted)  C  180  R 
„       (white)  C  180  R 

Gridiron  172  M 

(Jrief  c  151   I- 

Grind  c  218  I, 

Grit  (the  teeth)  C  239  L 

Grocery  C  155  L 

Ground  c  163  L 

(cause)  282  VIII 
„        (cultivate)  303  XIII 

(iroup  108  u» 

Grow  C  c  216  L 

Guard    135    i«5  — 137    no — 
279  VII 

(iuard  against  C  229  R 
„       or  hold  an  encamp- 
ment 233  L 

Guess  80  L — C  c  216  L- — 
283  VIII 


241  R 


(;iuc  C  c  167  1,— Cc2oi  M 
Go  22  M  Ai)p  8th  Stanza 
„    across  297  XII 
„   away  29  R 

„      from  C  234  R 
„    fishing  C  244  M 
„    hunting  C  244  M 
„    in  (to)  26  R 
„   (let—)  282  VIII 
„    out  C  238  M— 276  V 
„   tiger  hunting  C  244  M 
„    to  c  232  M^ 
„    to  market  C 
Goat  C  201   M 
GOD  c  12  I. — 290  X 
Gold  c  60  L— 281   \ni 
„      button  176  M 
„      fish  C  164  L 
„      watch  C  176  M 
Gone  C  29  R 
Gong  c  242  R 
Good  7  R^ — 17  M — 94   1 — 
c  152  M— 281  Vlll— 298 
XII 
Good  bye  C  47  M 
„      deal  of  C  211  L 
„      morning  C  47  M 
Goods  C   c  67  L — 293  XI 
„        (damaged)  C  201  M 
Goose  177  L 

„       (wild)  C  177  L 
Gospel  C  159  L 
Got  a  partner  C  229  L 

„     whole  empire  C  229  M 

Gourd  104  « — c  179  L 

Govern  c  28  L — 109  fit — c 

147    L — c  148  h — c  221 

R— 280  VIII 

Government  125  )28 — c  158 

L— 2  L 
Governor  C  148  L 

(Lieut)  Cc  148  I, 
Gown  (dressing)    C   175  M 
(night)  C  175  M 

90  X 
Grateful  C  154  L 
Grade  c  200  R- 
Grades  (nine)  (official  rank) 

C  46  M 
Grain  5  M — 275  V 

„      (five  sorts)  C  c  45  R 

„      of  rice  189  I, 

„      of  sand  189  L 

„      of  wheat  189  I, 

„      (six  kinds  of )  C  C45  I, 


Grace  C  c  152  R- 


-285  IX 


331 


P\irnace   172  L 
Furniture  C  c  156  M 
Further  5  I. — 270  III 


Gain  310  XVIII 
„     (all)  C  235  L 
„     (a  victory)  C  243  L 

Gall  c  153  R— 287  IX 

Gallop  c  234  R— C  238  R 

Gambler  C  148  M 

Ciame  (of  chess)  192  L 

Gape  C  241  R 

Garden  c  14S  M — 299  XII 

Gardener  C  148  M 

Garters  175  R 

Gas  164  R 

Gate  301  XIII 

Gather  c  218  M— C  c  236  R 

Gem2M — 97  la — CC176M 

Generally  c  211  R 

„         speaking  c  220  M 

Generation  91  M — 275  V 

Generations  c  47  R — 105  48 

Genius  (a)  2  L 

Gentle  C  c  152  M — 304  XIII 

Gentleman  C  148  M 

Geography  C  168  R 

Germany  C  146  M 

Get  c  29  R — P  M — 216  L — 
c  237  R 

Get  the  whole  C  236  R — C 
236  L 

Gimlet  174  R 

Ginger  c  177  R — 179  L 
„       bread  C  180  R 
„       preserve  C  180  R 
„       syrup  C  180  R 

Ginseng  c  176  L 

Girl  C  143  R-C  51  R 

Give  5  M — 17  M — 90  M — P 

367 — 282    VIII — 290   X — 

306  XV 

Give  all  C  235  M 
„      up  98  1!) 

Glad  C  151  L 

Glass  c  148  M — c  164  R 
„      box  C  167  R 
„      (looking)  C  34  R 
„      mender  C  148  M 

Globe  P  133— C  c  168  R 

Glory  91  R — 289  X 

Glove  C  175  R 


Forgiveness  C  c  152  M 
Fork  c  44  R — 169  M — 270 

III 
Former  282  VIII 
Formerly  C  73  L — C  76  R — 

127  133 — C  210  R 
Fort  C  155  M 
Fortress  c  223  L 
Fortunate  C  196  R 
Forward  C  c  233  M 
Foundation  123  130 — C  161 

-L  295  XI 
Foundling  Asylum  C  155  R 
Fountain  287  IX 
Fountains      (nine       above 

Hades)  C  c  46  M 
Four  3  M — 274  V 

„      (illustrations     of    the 
use  of)  44  R 
Fourth  P  98 

„       (of  July)  C  13  R 
Fowl  C  177  L 

„       (domestic)  311  XIX 
Fragments  c  2 1 1  M — c  241 R 
Fragrant  288  VIII— C  191 

M — App  3rd  Stanza 
France  C  146  R 
Freight  C  201  M 
Frenchman  C  145  L 
Fresh  (not  salt)  196  R 
Friday  C  10  L 
Fried  176  L 
Fried  egg  C  177  M 
Friend  271  IV— 281  VIII— 

C  c  63  L 
Fright  c  199  M 
I  From    5    R— 5   M— P  C  i3 

K! — P  m — 105  '17 — 274  V 
Front  c  161  M 

„      room  C  162  L 
Frost  (hoar)  309  XVII 
Fruit  C  c  47  I. — 182  R — 

298  XII 
Fruit  tree  C  163  M 
Fruiterer  C  148  M 
Fry   C  c  216  L— 303  XIII 
Frying  pan  C  171  R 
Fuel  129  i« 

Fulfil    P  S7— lOI    33 

„      one's  part  133  '^s'^ 
Full  137  173 — 305  XIV 
„     grown  App  4th  Stanza 
„     (not  empty)  196  R 
FUNG  YUET  MOW  P  C 
270,  271,  272 


Florist  C  156  R 
Floss  302  XIII 
Flour  c  17  M 

„      (vvheaten)  312  XX 
Flourishing  5  M 
Flow  c  221  L 

„     along  290  X 
Flower  163  M— 284  VIII 

„       (paper)  C  164  L 

„        stem  C  164  L 
Flowers  57  R 

(to  gather)  57  M 
Flute  194  M 
Fly  (a)  C  c  201  M 
Fly  287  IX — c  232  M 
„     back  and  forth  App  4th 

Stanza 
Flyaway  C  216  M — C  232  M 
Foe  c  200  L 
Fog  201  M 
Fold  C  c  216  M— c  235  M 

„      up  C  23s  M 

Follow    106    49 129    141 — C 

c    216   M — c   233   R — P 
'Hi—2-jo   III— 313   XXV 

Follow  me  C  238  L 

„       (when  going  out  or 
coming  in)  C  224  L 

Following  276  V 

Food  20  R — 90  M 

Foolish  C  153  M — 279  VII 

Foot    161    L — c    201    M — 
279  VII — 294  XI 

Foot  (A  measure)  88  M — 
273  IV 

Fop  C  148  M 

For   P   6—7    R— 13   L— P 

30 P  46 209  M 277  VI 

Forbear  c  221  M — 278  VII 
Forbid  303  XIII 
Force  c  67  M — 292  XI 

„      one   into  one's  plan 

C  23s  R 
Force   one   to    write   order 

for  money  C  240  M 
Fore  sail  C  204  R 
Foreign  c  57  R — C  71  R — 

P   S27 

Foreign  book  C  168  M 
Foremast  C  204  R 
Forge  a  document  C  242  M 
Forget  C  1 7  R — c  212  M — 

C  228  M— 278  VII 
Forgive  90  L — C  c  216  L — 

290  X — 295  XI 


330 


rind  out  C   2jS  I, 
„      out  cause  of  an  al^'air) 

C  231  R 
Kind  out  stolen  proi)erty  C 

231   M 
Fine  196  R 

„      (to)  c  67  M — Cc  216 

M-305  XIV 
Finger  c  166  1, — 292  X 
Finish  7  L — c  210  R — Cc 

216  M — C  227  R — c  228 

L-C   235   L-305  XIV 
F'inished  97  13 
Fire    c    28    M — 102    33 — 

271    IV 
Firecracker  C  201   R 
F'ire  engine  house  C  157  R 
FMre  fly  129  m 

,,     works  C  201   R 
F'irni  7  R — 292  XI 
First   5   L— 6   R— C   10  R 

(vide  ordinals) — P  72 — 99 

21 — 131  i;o — P  157 
First  place  (in  the)  C  2 1 2  R 
Fish  51  M — 294  XI — 177  M 

„    (cuttle)  C  177  L 

„    footed  C  177  L 

„    (shell)  C  177  L 

„    (salted)  C  177  L 
Fisherman  C  148  R 
Fist  c  243  L 


Five 


IV 


-95 


-P  12s 


Five  (illustrations  of  the  use 

of)  45  R 
Fix  7  L — c  12  L — c  218  R 

,,     price  C  240  L 
F'lag  c  145  M — c  199  M 

.,     staff  C  201  R 
Fiat  291  X— 301  XIII 

„     iron  C  171  L 
Flavor  280  VIII 
Flea  C  201  R 
F'lee  from  c  214  R 
F'lesh  5  L — 277  VI 
Flexible  287  IX 
Flint  C  172  M 
Float  288  IX 

in  air  App  4th  Stanza 
o; 
Flog  c  175.  L- 

„     until   it  leaves   marks 

C  243  R 
Floor  C  3 1  M — C  c  1 6 1  M — 
c  161  L 


Flock  303  XIII 


Father's  vounger  brother  C 

'14-'  I. 
„         younger   brother's 
wife  C  143  R 
p-atigue  6  M 
Fatigued  290  X 
Fault  96  9 — 310  XVIII 
Favor  290  X 
Fear   42    M — c    153    R — c, 

198    R— c    199    M— 288 

IX— 312  XXI 
February  C  9  L 
Fee  c  203  R 
Feed  96   0 — 103  w — 216M 

„    a  horse  C  173  L 
Feel  153  M— 293  XI 
„     pulse  C  242  L 
„     averse  to  C  228  L 
„     (with   hands)  307  XV 
Feet  (ten)  270  III 
Feign  283  VIII 
Fell  118  '37 
Female    C  c  28  M — c  202 

R— 272  IV— 273  IV 
Female  (of  brute  creation) 

196  R 
Fence  C  163  M 
Ferment  135  i«7 
Ferry  C  201  R — c  224  R 

„      man  C  148  R 
Fertilize  136  i7o 
F"etch  C  237  R 
Few  196  R — 273  IV 
Field  5  M— 188  L— 274  V 
Fiery  125  1-5 
Fifth  P  104 
Fight   119  103 — 121  in — C 

243  M 
Fight  (Civil  War)  C  243  M 

„      (general  war)  C  243  M 
Figs  C  182  M 
Figure  c  231  R 
File  174  M 
„     of  five  men  4  I, 
„      „  ten  men  2  P — 273  IV 
Fill  5   L— C  67  I.— C  226 

Fifl  up  C  226  M— C  234  L 

Filthy  c  195  L 

Final  particle  308  XVI— 
312  XXI 

Final  particle  expressing 
I      certainty  296  XI 

Final  particle's  (list  of)  245 
;Find  64  R— P  m 


ixport  C  216  R 

Expound  108  «» 
Ixtend  5  M — 274  V 
Ixterminate  303  XIII 
Extinguish   124  i-'-' 

(fire)  C  241   !- 
iXtirpate  C  227  M 
Extreme  c  45  L 
Extremities  (four)  C  44  M 
Eye  c  3  R— 5  M— c  36  M— 
126  Via- — 274  V 


V 


Face  285  IX 

..     (paint   one's    lace)   C 
242  L 
Facts  160  R 
F'action  293  XI 
Factory  c  158  M 
Fail  C  216  R 
Fair  7  M 
Faithful  C  152  R— 153  R— c 

211  L— 284  VIII 
Faithfulness  102  35 
Fall  c  215  L 
„    down  2  L — c  199  L — 
C  c  239  M— 298  XII 
Fall  in  ruins  c  241  R 
Fallen  to  the  ground  C  230 

R — App  6th  Stanza 
F'alse   C  c  196  R — 296  XI 
Fame  276  VI 
Family  7  L — 114  s2 — 295  XI 
Famine  C  201  R 
Fan  C  c  164  M 
Far  196  R — c  212  L 
F"armer  C  148  R 
Fast  15  L — c  170  R 
Fast  (A)  c  242  R — c  150  R 
Fast  boat  C  203  L 
Fast  (to  hold  it—)  C  238  M 
Fasten  C  216  R 
Fat  196  R— 282  VIII 
Father  15  L — 47  R 

(grand)  C  143  R  M 
„        in  law  C  142  L 
Father's    elder    brother    C 
142  L 

elder  brother's  wife 
C  142  I' 
„         el(lersisterCi4i  M 
„         vounger    sister    C 
'141   M 


329 


Entitle  ii6  s)-' — 

Envelope  C  167  M 

Envious  7  M 

Envoy  c  146  L 

Envy  C  c  152  L — C214R 

Enwrap  C  226  M 

Epigram  132  i5i 

Erase  284  VIII 

Erect  C  227  L 

„     (to  place  it — )C238M 
Err  291  X 
Error  310  XVIII 
Escape  C  216  R 

„  (to    leave    no    way 

of-)  C  23s  R 
Especially  P  »» — 130  U7 
Establish  1 23  iso —  1 20  107 — 

c  13  R 
Estate  (real)  303  XIII 
Esteem  119  loj 
Estimate     C     228    L — 278 

VII— s  R 
Etc  146  M 

Even  c  195  M — c  214  R 
Evening  c  12  M — 126132 — 

298  XII 
Evening  (this)  C  12  M 
Every  c  9  R — P  wi — 277  VI 
Everyside  (on)  C  44  R 
Everywhere  C  44  R — 63  L 
Evidence    C 

XVI 
Evil  90  L 

Exaggeration  291  X 
Exalted  c  222  R — 302  XIII 
Examine  126  i;'J — C231  R  — 

c    239   M— 286  IX — 302 

XIII 
Examine  into  C  c  216  R 

,,       thoroughly  C  239  M 
Example  c  197  L 
Excavate  C  227  L 
Excellent  7  M — c  195  R — 

281  VIII— 298  XII 
Excite  c  227  R 
Exclamation   mark  ( ! )    286 

IX— 296  XI 
Executioner  C  148  R 
Expel  C  c  2  32  L — C  c  232  M 

„      (drive   out   idlers)   C 

231   M 
Explain  c  64 — 107  6:j — 107 

64 — P  is; — c  22 T  M — 291 

X— 312  XXI 
Ex]ilanation  303  XIII 


201    R — 308 


Elect  C  c  226  L 
Election  day  C  13  R 
Electric  301  XIII 

„        lamp   C  164  R — c 

157  M  _ 
Electric    light   company    C 

157   M 
Elegant      5     M — App     ist 

Stanza 
Elements  102  m 

(five)  C  45  R 
Elephant  200  L 
Elevate  C  228  R 
Emancipate  312  XX 
Embark  C  216  R 
Embroider  c  204  L 
Embroidered     App     6th 

Stanza 
Emit  c  46  I — 302  XIII 
Eminent  6  M — 274  V 
Emperor    C     148    R — 285 

IX— 288  IX 
Employ  64  R 
Empty  195  L — c  201  R — C 

216R— 282  VIII— 295X1 
Emulate  281  VIII 
Encampment   (to  guard  or 

hold)  223  L 
Encircle  7  R 
Enclose  285  IX — 7  R 
Enclosed  c  167  M 
Enclosure  (walled)  154  L 
Encroach  C  236  M 
End  119  ii):i — C  c  200  L — c 

210  R — 275  V 
Ending  10 1  30 
Ends  (odds  and — )  c  239  R 
Enemy  2  L — C  c  200  L 
Energy  130  i-to 
Engage  c  229  L 

„       (or   induce  by  pre- 
sents) C  242  M 
Engineering  book  C  168  L 
English  P  x8 — P  ui 
England  c  146  M 
Englishman  C  145  L 
Engraver  C  148  R 
Enjoin  c  176  R 
Enjoy  280  VII 
Enough   29  R — c  57  R — c 
197  R— 296X1— 303  XIII 
Enter  C  232  M — 269  II — 

297  XII — 26  R 
Entire  c  211  L 
Entirelv    2  t  i    R — c  2 1 1  M 


Duck  177  R 

.,      egg  C  177;  M 
„      (wild)  C  177  M 

Dude   148  M 

Dug  for  gold  C  230  R 

Duke  112  73 

Dull  195  L-295  XI 

Dumb  C  c  195  L 

Dust  C  200  L — C  226  L — 
c  232  L — 302  XIII 

Dust  off  C  232  L 

Duty  123  119 — c  218  R 

Duty  (tax)  C  200  L — C 1 54  M 

Dwell  4  L — 60  L — 95  »  -113 
so- 284VIII— 297XII— 
3oo  XII 

Dwelling  7  M — P  130 

Dynasty  124  1.4 


Ear   c    146   R — 277  VI — c 

176  R 
Ear  ling  C  T76  R 
Early  c  12  R — c  47  M 
Earned  (nothing  but  trouble) 

C  230  L 
Earnest  App  8th  Stanza 
Earth  2  R— c  71  R— P  ui— 

270  III 
East  122  lu — 282  VIII 
Easy  C  c  2   R— P   3— P  si 
Eat  C  57  R— 286  IX 
Eaves  161  L 
Eddv  306  XV 
Edge  c  26  R— 288  IX— 31 1 

XIX 
Eel  C  c  177  M 
Effort  128  133 
Egg  292  XI — c  177  M 

„    (boiled)  C  177  M 

„    (chicken)  C  177  M 

„    (duck)  C  177  M 

„    (fried)  177  M 

„    plant  C   179  L 
Eggs  C  c  51  M 
Eight  3  M— P  1311 

„     (illustrations  of  the  use 

of)  46  R 
Either  81  R— C  211  R 
Elder  (an)  5  R— 278  VII 

„     brother  106  so — 274  V 

„     brother's  wife3oi  XIII 

„     sister  288  IX 
36 


328 


Dog  2  M — C  c  63  I. — 200 
I.— c  201  R— 271  IV 

Dollar  C    57    M— C  200  L 
(gold)  C  60  I, 

Dont  29  R 

Door  42  M— 280  VllI— 
„     bar  C  162  R 
„     hinge  C  162  R 
„     lentil  C  162  R 
„     sill  C   162  R 

Double  niiniled  C  43   R 

Doubt  C  c  215  L 

Dove  C  177  R 

DOW  95    7 

Down  6  M — 209  M — 
„       stairs  C  26  R 
„       (fine  hair)   c  206  R 

Drag  c  221  M — C  c  226  L — 
c  234  L— C  c  234  R — 
283  VIII— 284  VIII 
„     along  C  237  R 

Dragon  c  178  R— c  206  M 

Draw  c.  146  L— C  228  R— 
C  234  R 
„      near  97  m 
„      out  C  227  L 
„      water  C  241  M 

Drawer  C  c  172  R 

Drawers  C  175  R 

Drawing  room  313  XXV 

Dread  c  153  R 

DreaiTi  302  XIII 

Dredge  for  c  226  C 

Dresf  c  226  L — C  c  239  L 
„      (a  classifier  of — )  4  L 

Dresser  34  L 

Dressing  gown  C  175  M 

Dried  289  X 

Drift  288  IX 

Drill  174  R 

Drink  c  196M— C226L— 
299  XII 

Drink  a  cup  of  wine  223  R 

Drive  C  c  1731- — 215  I- — 
App  5th  Stan/a 

Drive  out  C  232  L 

Drop  191  R — C  215  L 

Dropsical  300  XII 

Drought  c  180  L 

Drown  C  215  L 

Drug  C  156  R 

Drum  c  165  M — 301  XIII 

Drunk  c  196  M— 308  XVI 

Dry   195  L— 292  XI— 
„     goods  store  C  155  L     | 


Dine  C  215  L 

Dining  room  C   162  I, 

Dinner  c  169  i\l 

„       nai)kin  C"  169  M 
„       plate  C  169  I, 
„      table  C  169  M 

Dip  C  215  I, 

Director  274  V 

Dirt  302  XIII  c  200  L 

Dirty  C  c  195  L 

Disagree  42  R 

Disappear  1 1 8  93 

Discharge  C  215  L 

(gun)  C  243  L 

Disclose  312  XXI 

Discourse    127    i"5 — c    187 
M — C  227  M 
„  (on  doctrine)  C 

231  R 

Discover  C  23 1  M 

„   ( vagabonds)  C  2  3 1  M 

Discriminate  308  XVI 

Disdain  C  228  L 

Dish  cloth  C  172  R 
„     pan  C  172  R 

Dislike  C  228  L— 305  XIV 

Dismiss  C  c  233  L 

Disobedient  195  L — 296  XI 

I)is])atch  C  240  M 

Dispensary  C  154  L 

Display  136  iTi 

Disposition  C  c  151  M 

Dispute  312  XXI 

Disregard  90  L — 90  M 

Distance  88  R 

Distinguish  C  160  L 

Distress  7  R 

Distribute    (provisions- 
rations)  C  231  R 

Ditch  C  c  162  M — c  200 
R— c  224  R— 280  VII 

Divide  P  '■>■> — 12211: — C215 
L-C  239  R 

Divine  help  290  X 
„        (to)  6  M 

Divulge  c  231  M 

„        (secrets)  C  231  M 

Do  5  R— c  29  R— P  247—96 
12 — 203  M — C  225  L — 
278  VII — App  7th  Stanza 

Do  not  272  IV — 292  X 

Doctor  154  L — C  159  M 

Doctrine  97  11 — c  150  R 

Document  (to  forge  a — )  C 
242  M 


Degrade  C  233  I, 
Degree  285  IX — 305  XV 
Deliberate  295  XI — c  61  R 
Delicate  2  L — 
Delight  104  -ti — 151   I, 
Delighted  312  XX 
Deliver    90    L — 289    X — 2 

1,-274  V 
Demand  (justice)  296  XI 
Demeanor  c  203  R 
Demonstrative  jironoun  19  L 
Dentist  C   159  M 
Deny  C  215  M 
Depart  8  R 

„       C  233  R~28i  VIII 
Depend  P  2:1(1—308  XVI 
Descend  90  R — C  c  231 1, — 
C  237  M— 285  IX 
„        upon  310  XVIII 
Descendants  5  M 
Deserve  c  29  R 
Designate  301   XI II 
Desire  104  42 — 151  L — 311 

XIX— c  48  R 
Desist  290  X 

„       from  304  XIII — 307 

XV 
Despair  C  152   L 
Destroy  c  152  L — c  195  M — 

C  c  215  M — C  c  233  M — 

291  X — 303  XIII 
Detain  c  223  R — 289  X 

„       him   abroad    223  R 
Detest  c  153  M 
Devoted  160  M 
Dew  c  241  R — 312  XXI — 

App  5th  Stanza 
Diadem  292  XI 
Diagram  no  07 — 
Diamond  ring  C  176  R 
„        stud  C  176   R 
Dictionary   P   C  nu  117 — C 

167   L 
Die  61  R— 270  III— 276  VI 
Differ  c  81  R 
Different  (widely)  C  212  L 
Difficult  C  195  I, 
Difficulty  c  230  L 
Dig  c  233  R 

„     (out)  C  233  R 
Diligent  127  isi — c  196  M — 

c  219  M — 299  XII 
Dime  C  c  57  M 
Diminish  C  c  288  M— 289  X 
Diminutive  276  V 


327 


3o6  XV 


Damp  195  M 
Dancing  C  200  M 
Dane  C  145  L 
Danger  C  81  R— C 
Dangerous  C  195  L 
Dare  215  M 
Dark  C  c  12  M — c  201  M 

C  241 
Darn  C  215  M 
Darkness  200  L 
Date  C  10  M— C  12  L 
Dates  C  c  182  M 
Daughter  142  M 

(grand)  C  143  L 

in  law  C  142  M 

Daughter's  husband  C  144  L 

Dawn   C    12  R— 135   165 — 

294  XI 
Day  5  M— P  C  73  70— 2  7  2 IV 
„    after  tomorrow  C  1 1  L 
„    before  yesterday  C  1 1  L 
„    (daily)  C  11  M 
„    (every  other)  C  11  L 
„    time  C  II  M 
„    (to  day)  C  II  M 
„    (tomorrow)  C  11  L 
„    (yesterday)  C  11  M 
„    (of  the  month)  ist,  2d, 
3d,  4th,  etc.  9  R 
Dead  5  L — C  c  195  L 
Dear  (not  cheap)  297  XII 

C  c  19s  L 
Debt  C  c  200  L 

„     (to  pay)  C  80  M 
Decay  125  125 
Deceive  c  215  R 
December  C  10  R 
Decide  279  VII— 281  VIII 
Deck  C  204  M 
Decline    (as    an    office)    C 

228  M 
Decoration  day  C  12  L 
Decorum   97  m — 311    XIX 
Decoy  C  232  M 
Decrease  293  XI 
Deduct  C  2 1 5  M— C  c  234  R 
Deep  195  L— 296X1 — App 

I  St  Stanza 
Deeper  P  s3 
Deer  200  L 
Defeat  c  243  L 
Defence  (to  state  in  one's — ) 

297  XII 
Defendant  C  43  M 
Deflected  109  oii 


Crafty  c  206  M 

Crape  C  200  M 

Credit  c  237  L 

Crimson  App  C  5  th  Stanza 

Crockery  C  200 

Crooked  5  M— C  216  R 

Croon  133  158 

Croos  over  C  215  M 

Ooosway  C  44  R 

Crowd  131  151 — C  c  200  M 

„        (of  men)  192  L 
Crown  292  XI 
Cruel  5  L — C  152  L 
Crullers  C  1 79  L 
Cry  152R — 279  VII — 290  X 
Crystals  309  XVII 
Cucumber  C  179  L 

„  (yellow)  C  179  L 

Cuddle  up  C  236  M 
Cue  (to  plait  the — )  C  239  L 
Cuff  174  L 

„     button  C  176  M 
Cultivate    109  gi — c  148  R 
„        ground  303  XIII 
Cup  17  M— 284  VIII 
Cupboard  C  172  R 
Cure  215  M 
Curio  C  156  L 
Curry  fowl  C  177  R 
Curse  C  c  215  M 
Curtail  C  234  M 
Curtain  C  c  189  R 
Curved  269  I 
Custard  ajijjle  C  182  M — C 

57  R 
Custom  292  X 

„       (duty)  c  205  M 
„       house  C  189  R — C 
154  M 
Cut  6  R — c  36  R  97  rj — c 
1 48    R — c    151   R  215 
M— 295  XI 
„     a  gem  C  230  R 
„     down  4  L 
„     from  c  215  M 
„     garments  c  39  R 
„     off  313  XXII 
„     (with  knife)  36  R 
„     (witli  scissors)  36  R 
Cuttle  fish  C  177  L 

D 

Daily  P  ss 

Dally  with  309  XVII 


Cooked  no  G5 
Cooking  pot  C  172  M 
COOK  LAYUNG  114  si 
Cool  195  M — 290  X 
Coolie  C  40  R 

(chair)  C  28  M 

„        (house)  C  28  L 

„        (for  house)  C  147  L 

„        (for  street)  C  147  L 
Coolies  c  230  M 
Copper  57  M — 305  XIV 
Copy  C  c  60  L — C  c  2 1 5  R — 
C  c  225  L — C  c  237  R 

„     (i.  e.  writing)  280  VII 
Cord  c  204  M 
Corean  C  145  L 
Cork  c  39  L 

„      (screw)  C  170  R 
Corner  c  200  R 
Corns  103  M 
Corpse  271  III 
Correct     15    L — 134    101 — 

195  M 
Cotton  274  V — C  c  200  M — 
c  242  R — 299  XII 
„      cloth  C  81  R 
Counsel  in  71 — 119  i"2 
Count  c  60  L — c  214  L — 

301    XIII— C;    227    R— c 

3  R 
Countrv  c  13  R — P  1-6—294 

XI 
Courage  C  153  R 
Couch  C  163  L 
Could  98  19 
Course  109  oi 
Court  122  11-1 — CC189R — 
295  XI-304  XIII 

„      attendants  C  43  L 

„      house   154  C  154  M 

„   yard  287  IX 
Courteous  289  X 

,,   (what  a — man  you 

are)  C  44  L 
Cousins  C  142  R  M 
Cover  5  L — 7  M — c  36  L — c 
167  M — 215  R— 269  II 

„     eyes  C  225  M 
Coverlet  c   166  M — 289  X 
Covet  152  L — 292  XI 
Cow    6    M — c   47    L — 103 

39— C  188  R— c  201  M— 

272  IV 
Cowardice  C  153  R 
Crab  177  R 


320 


Confounil  (right  and  wrong) 

C  230  M 
Confucius'   book   C  168  M 
Confusion  102  'm — 123121) — 
„         (to  throw  into)  C 

234  M 
Congee  C  179  1- 
Congratulate    286  IX — 298 

Xll 
(Jonical  277  ^'I 
Conjecture  287  IX 
Connect  115  bS — 122  n^ — 

293  XI— c  235  R 
Connect  inner  and  outer  part 

224  M 
Connect  with  C  235  R 
Conquer  299  XII 
Consequently  C  211  I , 
Consider    126    i:i: — c    152 

R— 288  IX 
Consider  thoroughly  C  238  R 
Console  C  153  M — 276  VI 
Consort  (a)  7  R 
Constant  c   197    L — c  210 

R— 283  VIII 
Constantly  C  210  R 
Constrain  C  239  M 
Consul  C  147  L 

(vice)  C  147  1- 
(^onsult  c  61  R — 295X1 — 

312  XX 
Contain  102  :ic — C  c  233  R 
Contend  120  100 
Contest  (for)  309  XVII 
Contiguous  c  214  M 
Continents  P  i-5 
Contract  c  168  R 

,,       C     236    M — 280 
VIII— 284  VIII310XVIII 
Contradict  306  XV 
Contrive  292  XI 
Control  1 23  lit) — 301  XIII — 


308  XVI 


Convenient    P 

286  IX 
Converse  c  220  M 
„        on  C  227  M 
with  286  IX 
Conversation  108  57 — C  61 

R— C  200  M 
Convert  273  IV 
Convey  to  287  IX 
CookC  28  M— C  c  147  L — c 

162    I, — 17^    R — r    217 

R-303  xiii 


Commit    highwav    robbery 
C  244  k 
„  burglary  C  244  R 

Common  c  198  R — 286  IX 
„        man  c  147  R 
„        person   (term   ap- 
plied to)  283  VIII 
Communicate  P  :5  | 

Companion    278   VII — 281  ' 

VIII 
Company  C  c  157  M 

„         (electric  light)  C 

157  M 
„         (fire  insurance)  C 
157  M 

(gas)  C  157  M 
.,         (life  insurance)  C 

157  M 
„        (railroad)  C  157  M 
„         (steamship)C  157 

Compare    c    212    M — 272 

IV-312  XX 
Compass  (four  points  of)  C 

44  M 
„        (Mariners)C2ooM 
„        (eight  points  of)  C 

46  R 
„         (four  points  and- 
centre)  C  45  M 
Compartment    c    204    R — 

88  M 
Compassion    c     152    R — c 

152  M 
Compassionate  C  152  R 
Compel    C    c   67    M — 292 

XI-83  L 
Complain  C  215  R 
Complete  c  81  M — 131  i^'i — 
C  227  L— C  228 
L— 304  XIII 
,,         tenth  193  R 
Completely  C  c  211  L 


Coat  of  mail  274  V 

„      (waist)  C  47  L 
Cobbler  C  147  1- 
Cochin  Chinaman  C  145  I. 
Cock  135  i<iJ 
Cocoanut  C  182  M 
Code    6    R — III    71 — 282 

VIII 
Code  (crimminal)  (eight  laws 

of)  46  R 
Coffer  137  173 
Coffee  C  169  L— 179  I- 
Coffin  c  156  L 
Coin  c  51  L — 193  M — 309 

XVII 
Cold  195  M— 278  VII 

„     water  pipe  C  170  L 
Collar  174  I-— 307  XV 
Collect  c  217  M — C  227  L 

„       into  one  C  235  R 

„       together  C  236  I, 
College  C  158L— 158M— 

287  IX 
Color  c  47  R — 276  VI 
Colors  (five)  C  c  45  R 


Comb 


P    45 —    Compose  C  225  L 


Comprador  C  147  L 

Comprehensible  C  195  M 

Compute  285  IX 
t  Conceal   c  215    R — C  236 
i      R — 269  II — 293X1 — 311 
XIX 

Conceive  287  IX 

Concord  C150R— 280  VIII 

Condemn  294  XI 

Confess   215   R — 305   XIV 

Conform  c  218  R 


R-293  XI 


(fine  tooth)  166  M 
Come  c  17  L — 90  R — 284 
VIII— 309  XVII 
„       C    237   L— App  7th 

Stanza 
„       at  this  time  C  238  R 
„       back  310  XVIII 
by  land  C  239  L 
„       by    sedan    chair    C 

241   R 
„       down   C   237   L — C 

238  L 
„       forth  119  104 
„       forth  or  out  C  237  M 
„       out  C  231  L 
„       to    a     resolution    C 

240  M 
„       up  C  238  I. 
„       with  one  C  238  L 
Comedy    (to    play    a — )C 

242  M 
Comfort    c     153     M — 307 

XV 
Command   in  72 
Commence  c  218  R 
Commerce  C  200  M 
Commercial  P  C  3i  33 
Commissioner  274  V 
Commissioners  (J  c  43  I, 


325 


Classifier  (of  lamps)  36  M 
„  (of  officials)  c  13  R 
„       (of    pens,    whips, 

forks)  193 
„       (of  things   spread 

out)  19  R 
„       (of  vessels,  walking 
animals  and  parts 
of  body  that   are 
multiple)  19  M 
„       etc.  etc. 
Classifiers  (pages  186  to  195) 
Claws  273  IV 
Clean  C  c  61  R — c  205  R 
c   206  L — C  c  21  5 
R— 295XI— C233R 
off"  C  233  R 
Cleanse  cotton  C  242  R 
Clear    114  83 — 211  L — 295 
XI— 301  XIII— App  6th 
Stanza 
Cleaver  C  171   M 
Clergyman  C  159  L 
Clerk  C  147  M 
Clever  133  159 — C  208  M 
Clock  C  c  164  R 
Close   209  M — CC234M — 
293  XI— 306  XV 
„      to  290  X — 0  239  M 
„       (cover  over)  C  215  R 
„       (shut)  C  c  235 
Cloth   188  L— 274  V 

„      (cotton)  C  81  R 
Clothe  215  R 
Clothes  C  c  33  M— C  c  1 57  R 
„       boiler  C  171   L 
„       box  C  167 
„       brush  C  166  L 
„       horse  194  L 
„       press  C  166  M 
Clothing  store    C    155  L — 
194  L 
„         (to  put  on)  223  R 
Cloud    200    M — App    4th 

Stanza 
Cloudy  306  XV 
Clove  C  179  L 
Club  (society)  289  X 
Clue  123  118 

CoalCc  171  M  -304X111 — 
c  is8R 
„     yard  C   158  R 
Coarse  195  M — c  198  R 
Coat  C  32  M— C  174  M— 
278  VII 


Child  (little)  C  53  R 
Children  C  51   R 
Chimey  C  171   R 
Chinac3R  -Ps- C9R— P 
a — P  C  10;  106 — P241 
China  clcset  C  170  R 
Chinaman  C  145  M  L 
Chinese  P  1— C  3  R— P  in  - 

P  50— PlGO PlS4  - 

p   107— P   C  :s6  :37 
book  C  168  M 
,,        mattina;   302   XIII 
Chili  C   179  m" 
Chisel  174  R 
Chocolate  C   179  M 
CHO-E  123  117 
CHO-E-MUN-KAY  133  U7 
Choose  114  81 — C  c  2 1 5  R — 
C  226  L 
„       out  C  227  R 
Chop  sticks  C  170  R 
CHOW  117  01- 118  9d— 
Chri.stmas  C  12  L 

CHUN     120    105 121    113  — 

122  11.1 
CHUN  GEE  109  OS 
CHUNG  NIGH  127  rss 
Church  C  154  L 
Cigar  C  165  R 
Cigars  C  57  M 
Cigarette  C  165   R 
Cigar  factory  C   155  L 
Circle  c  241  L-    loi  30 
Circulate  295  XI 
Citron  C  c  179  L 
City  P  12b — 287  IX — 294  XI 
„     (a  walled)  71  R 
„     Hall  C  154  M 
„     (provincial)   C    203  R 
Civil  c  149  R 
(CL)  =;  abbreviation       for 
Classifier  (q.  v.)  186  to  195 
Clam  C  c  177  R 
Clasp  C  c  236  L 
Classc43L— P  05— P14;— c 
212  L — 306  XV — 307 
XV 
„     (of  men)  C  c  200  M 
Classic  107   5s — 137  I7t 
Classifier  P  01 

„       (of  beards)  7  L 
„       (of  disease)  c  150  L 
„       (of  door   or  boat) 

297  XII 
„       (of  horses)  7  L 


Case  17  M — 160  R 
„     (at  Law)  190  R 
„     (in  Law)  291  X 

Cash  (a  coin)  193  M 

Ca.st  (up  an  account)  C  214L 

Ca.strated  c  177  R 

Cat  295  XI 

Catch  C  229  R 

Catties  (100)  282  VIII 

Catty  272  IV — 51  L 

Cause   124   154     134  le:! — c 
212  L— 275  V-  282  VIII 

Cease  293  XI 

Ceiling  C  162  R 

Celery  C  c  179  M  -  284  VIII 

Cemetery  C  200  R 

Certain  Person  288  IX 

Certainly  C  2TI  L 

Chain   c   176  M— C  226  L 

Chair  c  163  L-301  XIII 
„      (sedan)  c  28  M 

Change  C  88  L-124  123— 
214  L — 299  XII — 
313  XXIII 
„       (cash)  60  L 
„       (locality)  307  XV 

Changed  109  8J 

Chant  113  "s — 310  XVIII 

Chapel  C  155  R 

Chapter  297  XII 

Character  C  200  R 

Charcoal   c  158  R — 289  X 

Charity  108  co— C   152  R 

Chase  289  X 

Cha.ste  285  IX 

Chat  C  192  M — c  200  M 

CHAW  11483—120  106 

Cheap  C  195  M 

Cheat  C  c  215  R — C  240  R 

CHEE-00  127  135 

Cheese  C  177  R— 

Chequers  132  154 

Cherish  310  XVIII 

Chess  192  L 

Chest  269  II 

Chestnut  C  182  R 

CHEYE  122  113— 

Chicken   103  39  — c    163  M 
C  c  177  R 
egg  C  177  M 
„         house  C  163  M 
pie  C   177   R 

Chief  119  101 

Child  3  R— 5  R— 117  05— 
271   III 


324 


Capitol  (national)Cc  154  R 

(State)  C  154  R 
Ca]>on  C  177  R 
Captain  C  147  M 

(ofMilitia)Ci47M 
„        (of  Police)  C  147  M 
Car  190  R — c  201  M 
Card  c  242  R— 2SSVIII— 
285  IX— 164  M 

.,     case  164  I. 

„     (playing)  C  200  R 

„     (visiting)  C  164  M 
Care  c  146  I, — 160  AI 

„     for  c  173  L 

„       „    horse  C  173  L 
Careful  C  221   R— 96   ii>— 

310  XVIII 
Cargo  C  200  R 
CarpenterCi47  M — C  173 1. 
Carpenter's  square  292  X 
Carpet  C  163  L 
Carriage  C  190  M 
Carry  c    28  M — c  201 


L— 
214  L-c  226  R— C 
228  R— 129  U:i— C 
c  233  R— C  c  2. 
R-  291  X 


;8 


chair 


M 


(as  a  chair)  C  226  M 
aside  c  235  M 
away  C  232  R —  C  c 

234.  R 

babies  C  225  M 

between  two  C  237  R 

(by   turns)    C  229  R 

(on  the  arm)  232  L 

(on  the  back)  C  c  233 

M— 287  IX 
„      (on  the  back  as  a  child 

"Pick  a  Pack")  C  2 28 

R 
„      (on  the  head)  C  228  R 
„      (on     a    pole    across 

shoulder)  C  237  R — 

C  226  M 
.,      (on   a   pole  between 

two)  C  226  M 
„      (to)  C  232  R 

.,     a    certain   place 

C  229  M 
„      this  umbrella  223  M 
,,      (with  help  of  another) 

C  226  R 
Cart-rut  119  mi 
Carve  c  14S  R — 6  R 


Button  175  I. — 299  XII 
„       (collar)  C  176  M 
„       (gold)  C  176  M 
„      hole  C  175  L 
„         „     (to  make — )  C 
240  L 
Button    (to  sew  on   a — )  C 

240  L 
Buy  39  M — C  c  214  L — c 

237  M  280  VIII 
Buy  (on  credit)  C  237  L 
By  5  R— P  I6.J-P  177—272 

■  IV— 289  X 
Bye  (good)  C  47  M 

c 

Cabbage  C  c  179  M 
Cabin  C  204  R 
Cage  c  165  M— 3 13  XXIV 
Cake  c  147  R — 307  XV 
Calamity  294  XI — 301  XIII 
Calamities    (the   six   which 
hapjien  to  men)  C  45  L 
Calculate  c  220  M — C  239  M 

c  239  R 
Calendar  C  167  L 
Call  6  M -13  L     P  53—110 
08  — P    207—214    L — 275 
V — 279  VII  c  233  L 
Call  aloud  297  XII 
„     away  C  233  L 
„     him  C  238  L 
„     together  C  236  R 
Called  coolies  C  230  M 
I  Calm  C  200  R 
i  Cambric  c  202  L 
;  Camp  c  223  L 
i  Can  15  R-36  M— P  J  I— 98 

I       17 — P     ii'J — 274     V — 287 

I      IX — 290  X 

!  Canal  C  200  R 

I  Candle  C  c  36  M — c  201  R 

Candle  stick  C  164  M 

Cane  (to— one)  c  243  L 

Cane  shoots  C  181  M 

Cannon  C  200  R 

Canon  6  R — c  200  M — 283 
VIII 

Canton  P  170 

Canvas  (sail)  C  200  R 

Cap  C  34  R-175  R 

Cape  C  200  R 

Capitol  c  203  R  — 282  VIII 


Bring  forth  292  XI 
„      out  c  238  I, 
„      to  291  X 
„       together  C  239  I, 
„      wi"th  C  237  L 
Broad  c    152  M — 195  R— 

305  XIV 
Broke  95    « 
Broken  312  XX 
Broom  C  c  172  R — 
Brother  98  -o 

(elder)    5    L— 141 
L-274  V 
„         in  law  C  142  R 
„         (younger)  141  L— 
IS  M 
Brother's  wife  c  142  R 
BROUNER  P  C  i07  -.Oi  2m 
Brown   C  195  M-C  51  R 
Brush  c  31  R — c  166  R     C 
226  L — 214  L 
„       (clothes)Cc3i  R — C 

166  L 
„       (hair)    C    31    R-C 

166  R 
„       (nail)  C  166  L 
„       ^shaving)  C   166  L 
„       (shoe)  C  166  L 
„       (tooth)  C  166  R 
Brutes  135  ics 
Budhas  C  43  M 
Build  c  150  M— C  214  L 
Building  c   26  R — c  31  M 
„         C  J54  R 

c  156L— 188L— 

193  R— 283  yui 

Bullet  C  199  I. 

Bunch  of  hair  c  204  L 
„        of  greems  194  L 
„        of  tlowers  194  I, 

Bundle  c   31    R — c  164  L 
272  IV — c  36  1> 
„       of  books  191  L 
„       of  wood  193  M 

Bureau  C  166  R 

Burman  C  145  M 

Burn  C  c  214  L — 61  R 

Bury  290  X 

Bush  c  51  M 

Bushel  87  L— c  171   I, 

Business  c  146  L — C  c  199 
L— 303  XIII 

But  5  R-278  VII 

Butcher  C  c  214  L 

Butter  C  176  I, 


323 


Book  (to  bind  a — )  C  240  L 
Boot  175  R 
Boots  c  33  L 

„      (a  pair  of—)  C  33  L 
Border  c  214  M— 288  IX 
Borders  upon  C  214  M 
Boring  c  176  R 
Born  130  iH 

Borrow  C  c  214  M — 290  X 
Both   P  47— C   80  M— 283 

VIII 
Bottle  c  39  L 

„       (water)  C  c  31  M 
Bottom  22  L— 281  "VIII 
Bouquet  C  164  L 
Bow  214  M — c  244  L 
Bow  head  (to)  c  13  R 
Bow  (strong)  c  197  L 
Bowl  170  R 

„      (a  small — )  285  IX 
Bowels  303  XIII 
Box  34  R— 306  XV 
„      (fight)  C  243  L 
„      one's  mouth  C  243  R 
Boxing  Master  C  243  L 
Boy  6  R— C  51  R— C  141  M 
Boy  (house—)  C  51  R 
Brace  c  236  R — c  176  R 
Bracelet  C  176  R 
Branch    c   44   M — 272   IV 

App  6th  stanza 
Brandy  C  179  R 
Brave  c  145  L — c  146  M — 

c  225  R— 282  VIII— 285 

IX 
Brawl  c  67  R 
Bread  C  17   M 
Break  c  15M— Cc39M- 
29I  X — c  233  L 

„       (a  lenghty  thing)  C 
214  M 

„      (a  vessel)   C  214  M 

„       (like  glass)  C  241  R 

„       off  280  VII 

„       open  283  VIII 

„       up  C  233  L 
Brick    308   XVI— c  169  L 
Brick  wall  C  169  L 
Bride  C  141   L 
Bridegroom  C  141   L 
Bridle  C  c  173  M 
Bright    c    8  M  — 129  ]n — c 

1^53   M— 133  159—195  R 
Brmg  C  c  17L— 59M  — C 
237  M— 305  XIV 


Blind  284  VII— 310  XVIII 
Blind  Asylum  C  155  R 
Blinds  C  162  M 
Block  c  44  L 
Blockhead  C  44  L 
Blotting  Pa])er  C  167  M 
Blow  c  149  M — c  243  R — 

279  VII 
Blow  out  C  61  R 

„      (of  the  hand)    191  M 
Blown   (into   the  water)   C 

230  R 
Blue    C    c    47 — App    8th 

stanza 
Board  c  71  R — c  162  R — 

279  VII 
Board  (sign)  301  XIII 
Boast  152  L — 291  X — 303 

XIII 
BoatC7iR— 79R — C157M 

„     c  221   M 

„     (a  fast)  C  203  L 

„     (passage)  C  203  L 

„     (small)  C  203  L 

„     (tanka)  C  203  L 
Body  c  44  M — 112  71 — 129 

HI — 134  ici— c  162  L— c 

220  L 
Boil  297  XII 

„  in  water  C  214  M 
Boiled  176  1, 

>>.      egg  C  177  M 
Boiling  195  R 
Boisterous  weather  C  242  L 
Bolt  c  234  M 

„     (of  a  door)  c  189  R 

„  (to— door)  285  IX 
Bond  119  101 

„  (a  social)  306  XV 
Bone  c  178  R— 285  IX 
Book  17  R— C  C31  M — 41 

R_P  43— P  56— c  80  L— 

107   3G P   1J5 C  147  R 

Pi5.'— C  187  L— 193  L— 

P   30.' 

Book  (Chinese)  C  168  M 
„      (Confucius)  C  168  M 
„      (Foreign)  C  168  M 
„      (Law)  C  168  M 
„      (Medicine)  C  168  M 
„      (Philosophy)  C  168  M 

Bookbinder  C  147  R 

Book  case  C  167  L 

Bookseller  C  147  M 

Book  shelf  C   167  L 


Belly  c  173  M 
Belong  to  312  XXI 
Below   6   M— c  8   L— 117 

95 — C  209  M 
Bench  269  II 
Bend  C  c  214  R — c  220  L 
Beneath  C  22  L 
Benevolent  c  201  L — 273  IV 
Benevolence  100  37 
Bequeath  137  17:! 
Beside    6    M— C   211    R— 

275  V 
Besiege  (a  City)  223  L 
Best  198  M 
Bestow  c  154  L — c  199  M — 

286  IX 
Bestow  on  313  XIX 
Betelnut  C  182  R 
Better  198  M 
Between  299  XII 
Bewail  306  XV 
Bible  C  167   L 
Bid  c  X99  M 
Bid  (to  do)  c  218  R 
Big   2  M— 7  L— 270  III— 

271  IV 
Bile  287  IX 

Bill  c  203  M-304  XIII 
„     (an  account)  60  L 
„     (money  account)  60  L 
„     (shopman's)  C  C199L 
Billow  290  X 
Bind   309    XVII— App   3d 

Stanza 
Bind  (book)  C  240  L 
Bird  c  177  L — C  c  199  L 
Bird  c  202  M — 294  XI 
Birdcage  C   165  M 
Birthday  C  12  L 
Biscuit  C  179  R 
Bit  C  173  M 
Bite  c  239  L 
Bitter  128110 — 179  M — 281 

VIII 
Black  C  c  47  M 
Blacksmith    C    147    R — C 

242  R 
Blade  5  M 

„       of  grass  193  I, 
Blame  113  so — C  214  M 
Blanket  c  163  L 
Blend  125  126 
Bless  C  c  214  M 
Blessed  c  155  R 
Blessings  (five)  C  c  45  M 


322 


Re    122    111 P  3:\-2 292    XI 

„  at  297  XII 
„  firmly  seated  C  238  M 
„  in  a  hurry  C  238  M 
Beam   128  ii'J 
Heams  162  M 
Bean  1S9  I. — 179  R 
„     (white)  C  179  R 
„     (vellow)  C  179  R 
Bear  c'  152  M— 278  VII— 

282  VIII 
Beard  (c)  166  L— 312  XXI 
Beast  311  XIX 
Beasts  103  w 
Beat  (gong)  C  242  R 
„       (strike  c  242  L 
Beauties  (the  two)  C  43  L 
Beautiful  7  M 
Beautv  c  13  R — c  145  M — 

285'  IX— 289  X 
Because  7  R — C  c  2 1 1  L — 

277  VI 
Beche  de  nier  C  176  L 
Beckon  284  VIII 
Become  97  i' — 135  '«3 
„       (accustomed  to)  C 
214  R 
Bed    188   M— 165   L— 278 

VII 
Bed  (childrens)  C  165  L 
„      (double)  C  165  L 
„      (foot  of)  C  165  L 
„      (head  of)  C  165  L 
„     room  C  165  L 
„     (single)  C  165  L 
„      ( to  make  the)  C  240  L 
Bee  135  107 
Beef  C  47  L— C  176  T, 

„     steak  C  176  L 
Beer  C   c  34  R— C  179  R 
Before   5   L— c  8   M— c  8 

L— 98  2"i—  C  209  M— 
Before  hand  c  218  L — 304 

XIII 
Beg  c  147  R— 288  IX 
Beggar  C  147  R — C  242  M 
Begin   c  8   M— c   9  R— C 

61      R— Il8  9J— P    155— C 

214  R— 288  IX 
Beginning  6  R — 7  M — 94  1 
Behave  to  (to)  8  R 
Behind  8  R— C  209  M      • 
Believe  c    152   R— 286  IX 
Bell  14  R— 39  M 
„     (to  ring)  C  c  39  M 


Awaken    153   1, 

Awav  c  29  R 

„  ■    (to  iHit— )C  235  R 
„      (to  store—)  C  235  R 

Awl   128  i:i« — 174  R 

Axe  C  c  174  R-  283  VIII 


B 

Bachelor  C   199   I. 
Back  c  47  h — c  221  M 
Back  rooms  C  162  L 
Bad    22   R— 8r   R— 198  L 
Bag  129  111 
Baggage  C  199  I. 
Baked  176  M 
Baker  C  147  R 
Baking  oven  C  172  M 
Balance  109  04 
Balcony  c  204  R 
Ball  294  XI 

for  play)  199  L 

„      (of  mud)  192  M 

„  (shot)  c  199  L 
Balustrade  C  161  L 
Bamboo  128  lOT — c  172  L — 

194  M 
Bamboo  basket  C  172  L 
„         shoots  C  181  M 
Banana  57  R — c  182  L 
Bandage  C  227  M 
Banditti  7  L 
Banister  c  163  R 
Bank  C  155  h 

„      (of  a  rivier)  282  VIII 
Bankrupt  C  199  L 
Banner  c  202  L 
Bar  c  162  R— C  234  M 

„     (door)  312  XX 

„     (the    gate    or   barrier) 
223  L 
Barb  269  I 

Barbarians  (all  the)  C  44  R 
I  Barber  C  147  I. — 
'  Barrel  c  172  M 
Barrier  c  154  M 
Barter  c  149  R — c  200 -C 

214  R 
Basement  C  162  L 
Basin  C  c  22  R— 286  IX 
I  Basket  c  172 
Bath  tub  C  170  L 
Battle  C  199  L 
BAY  132  1.1 


Arouse  C  c  153  I, 
Arrange  C  214  R — c  236  M 
„        in  order  c  202  R — 

293  XI 
Arrest  C  225  M — C  c  233  M 
Arrested  (a  criminal)  C  229 1, 
Arrive  C  43  L — 94  I—  118 

as— 272  IV 
Arrow    199   M — 270   III — 

276  V 
Articles  187  R 
Artisan  C  c  146  l,—c  173  I, 
Artist  C  159  M 
As   7   R — 126  130—277  VI 
As  soon  as  C  42  M 
Ascend  C   227    R — C   234 

R — C  237  M — 297  XII 
Ascending  292  XI 
Ashamed  295  XI 
Ashes  C  c  171  M — 277  VI 
Aside  c  238  M 

„      (to  get—)  C  234  L 

„      (to  stand — )C  234  L 
Ask  90   L — 214  R — c  218 

L— 294  XI 
Asleep  211  M 
Assemble  C  236  R — 299  XII 
Assent  281   VIII 
Assist  6  M — C  227  M — 2S0 

VII 
Assistant  c  147  I> — 274  V 
Association  106  so 
Assume  284  VIII 

,,        another's  name  2S3 

VIII 
Astronomer  C   159  M 
Astute  c  153  M 
At  5  R — 17  R — 22  L — 97 

15 — 126    13 — P  203 — 209 

M — ^271  III —  272  IV — 

304  XIII 
At  last  C  210  R 
Attain  90  R 

Attend  c  158  R— C  204  L 
Attentive  309  XVII 
Auction  C   199  M 
August  C  9  L 
August(i.e.niajestic)c  148  R 
Aunt  141  R 
Austere  c  197  L 
Autum  C  c  8  I. —  loi  23  — 

119  103 — 286  IX 
Avail  c  227  R 
Avoid  C  214  R— 282  VIII 
Awake  211  L — C  c  238  R 


321 


Ancestors  7  L  ■  290  X 
Anchor   c    224    R — C   236 

R-280  VIII 
Anchor  at  ferry  224  R 
„       at     landuig    place 

224  R 
Anchorage  C  236  R 
Ancient  6  L— 126130 — 127 

131 — 274  V 
And  26  M— 51  M— 99  3:i — 

P    114 — 115   88 -P  175 — P 

231. — App  7th  Stanza 
Anger  104  n — 151  L 
Animal  291  X 
Animals  (six  kinds  of)  C  45  L 
Announce  6  L 
Annoy  C  226  L 
Another  6  M— 275  V 
Answer  309  XVII 
Ant  199  M 
Anxiety  €152   R. 
Anxious   c   151    L — C  195 

R — 290  X 
Apartment  c  161  M 
Apothecary  C  146  L 
Apparel  c  33  M 
Apparent  294  XI 
Appetite  5  M — 287  IX 
Apple  C  182  R 
Apply  (plaster  or  ointment) 

C  241  M 
Apprehend  C  226  L 

„  robbers  C  224  L 

Approach  C  237  L 
Approve  C  213  L 
April  C  9  L 
Apricots  gS  lu 
Apron  C  175  M 
A]  t  C  19s  R 
Acpiarium  C  164  L 
Architect  C  146  L 
Are  125  127 — P  (15 — App  2nd 

Stanza 
Aright    (to    put   things)    C 

239  R 
Arithmetic  C  168  M 
Arm  chair  C  163  L 
Armor  rgi  L— 5  M 
Armory  C  154  M 
Arms  C  c  199  M — c  243  M 
Army  C  199  M 

„       of    12500    men    282 

VIII 
Around  C  175  M 

„        (to  turn)  c  23S  M 


Advance  C  233  M 
Advance  towards   297  XII 
Advantage  289  X 
Adverbs  209  R 
Affair  114  »i — 190  R 
Affect  294  XI 
Affinity  c  141  R — 290  X 
Afraid    C    153    R — C    229 

R— 284  VIII— 290  X 
After    8    R— c   8    M— 136 

17i— P    187 

Afterward  C  67  L — C  210  R 
Afterwards  C  210  R 
Age  277  VI 
Agent  C  146  L 

„       (commercial) C  147  L 
Ago  (longtime)  282  VIII 
Aid  6  M— C   227  M— 278 

VII 
Aim  278  VII 
Air  c  71  M — C  c  199  M 
Alarm  C  199  M 
Alive  288  IX 
All  P  81—57  L— C  c  81  M— 

91   R — 95   8 — 107  5:i — P 

154 — 304  XIII 
AII290X— C195R-1251-7 
„  about  C  44  R 
„  ages  C  47  R 
„  nations  C  47  R 
„  parts  of  the  world  C  47  R 
„  the  people  C  47  R 
Allow  Cc  213  L — 277  VI — 

310  XVIII 
Allowing  App  3d  Stanza 
Almost  C  211  R 
Alms  C  199  M 
Aloft  c  161  M 
Alone  282  VIII 
Alphabet  P  100 
Already  127  i^o — 134  ii;2 — C 

210  R — 290  X 
Also  P  -H— 5  L — 134  ici — 

27s  V-  285  IX 
Alter  61  R— C  c  213  L 
Although  129  143— C  211  M 
Altogether  c  76  M— C  211 

R — 290  X — 293  XI — 310 

XVIII 
Always   C   67    L— P  ai—c 

210  M 
Ambassador  C  146  L 
Amen  gr   L 
American  C  145  M 
Among  P  303 


A 

Abbreviate    C    2 28    M — C 

234  M 
Abide  116  in 
Ability  159  L 
Able    (to    be)    34   R — 132 

133-274  V 
About  (nearly)  C  c  Si  R — 

C  210  L 
Above  6  M — 136  171) 
Abruptly  c  212  M 
Abscond  C  c  234  R 
Abundance  296  XI 
Abundant  310  XVIII 
Academy  C  158  L 
Accept  C  201  L 
Accompany  C  c  234  R — c 

Accomplish  90  R 
Accomplished  2S6  IX 
According  c  1 5  9  L  —  c  2 1 2  M 
Accordingly  c  210  R 
According  to  7  R — 281  VIII 
Account  c  168  L — c  199  L 
„         (to  keep)  224  R 
„         (to  put  it  to)  224  R 
Accumulate  C  235  R — 298 

XII 
Accuse  c  149  R — c  215  R 
„       falsely  C  213  L 
„       innocent  c  213  L 
Accustomed  (become)  c  2  14 

R 
Accustomed  to  307  XV 
Acid  306  XV 
Across  c  201  R 
Act   C  225    L — 5    R — 136 

iG'j — c  238  M 
Add    13    M — 105    17 — 137 
175 — C  213  L — c  227  R 
Add  to   (to)  6  R— 293  XI 

„      up  60  L — 274  V 
Addicted  to  C  42  L 
Adjectives  195  R 

„  (the  comparison 

of)  198  M 
Administration   Csix  Dep'ts 

of)  C  45  L 
Admire  301  XIII 
Admonish  c  203  R — 275  V 
Adopt  313  XXV 
Adorn  C  226  L 
Adult  c  28  L 

35 


n-jo 


INDEX. 


EXPLANATORY  NOTE.    Owing    to   the    arrangement   of   our    book,    the 
only    possible    way  to  locate  a  given  word  is  by  reference  to  the  coluiiui  in 
which  it  appears,  hence: 
M  :  -  middle  column  of  the  page. 
R  =  right  hand  column  of  the  page. 
L  =  left  hand  column  of  the  page. 
C  ^  Chinese  word  is  composed  of  two  or  more  words, 
c  =^  that  the  word  is  a  component  part  of  a  compound  Chinese  word. 
Large  type  numerals  =:  page  number. 
Small  type  numerals  =^  numbered  columns  (employed  only  for  words  found  ou 

pages    94    to    137    inclusive   and    on    page  XII)  Ou  page  XII,  numerals 

indicate  key  to  literal  translation  of  Chinese  Preface. 
Roman  Numerals  =  strokes  of  the  pen  necessary  to  form  a  given  Chinese  word 

or  character  (employed  only  for  words  found  on  pages  269  to  313  inclusive). 
App  =  appendix   (employed    only    for   words    found   in    literal    translation    of 

Chinese  Poetry  given  on   page  319). 
P  =^  words  fouud  iu  Chinese  Preface  on  Page  XII. 

Illustkations. 

CLOTHES  C  c  33  M  —  means  that  Clothes  in  Chinese,  is  both  a  compound 
word  (indicated  by  the  C)  and  a  component  part  of  a  compound  word 
(indicated  by  c),  both  to  be  found  iu  the  middle  column  (Mj  of  page  33. 

PRINCE  106  51  —  means  that  this  word  will  be  found  ou  the  106il»  page, 
in  the  51*'  column. 

THIRST  300  XII  —  means  that  the  word  will  be  found  on  page  300,  under 
the  heading  of  twelve  (XII)  stroke  words,  indicated  by  Roman  Numeral  XII. 

HIDE  APP  8il>  STANZA  —  means  that  the  word  will  be  found  on  page  319, 
among  the  words  in  the  8'1»  stanza. 

INTRODUCTION  P  5-355  _  means  that  the  word  will  be  found  in  the  Chinese 
Preface,  on  page  XII,  opposite  ''key"  number  5  and  J.i. 


319 


c5       < 


o 


cq 


T     ° 


!.4 

U4 

1 — 1 

1 

1 

c3 

be 
o 

0) 

a 

S  be      1: 

7      O              08 

Ol 

00 

1—1 

0) 

a 

a 

Ph 

be 

Vi 

„ 

►J 

a 

fei 

is 

a 

Ci^ 

s  -^  ^ 

CO 

a 

1 — 1 

s 

o 

^ 

s  tn 

2  cc 
6 

H 
P 

<! 

a 

-»1 

o 

o 

o 

Eh 

> 

Never 

be 

be 

bD 

^ 

>-i 

■4 

1^ 

I 

§1 

K  ;=2         a 

02 

m 

cb 

•=) 

^ 

H 

60 

t> 

9 

bo 

CO 

3 
~  -2 

Oi    o 

.J    ^    „  ja 

lO 

Ci3 

o 

o 

o 

Ch 

^^^ 

5  >' 

o 

o 

M 

^ 

fc-l 

o 

<1 

iq 

&^ 

^ 

.a 

< 

?; 

^         2 

>^ 

u-t 

a          a 

tn 

Is 

o 

E-i 

w 

a> 

■< 

R 

M 

B5 

^ 

-a 

o 

l>- 

g 

J 

a 
<i5 

S    o 

3 

S      3 
f-     O 

a  s  — 
«  °  fe  > 

a 
ce 
bo 
a> 

IS 


c3 

bD 


<^      ca 
o   > 


o 

-a 


a. 
a> 


a> 


02     S  Q     §  M 
eg  ^ 


a 


o 
a 

ca 


1-; 


CO 


iSi  be 
!»  _a     I    -rt 


Fragrant 


5i2 
S 

I 


c3 


be 

a 
o 


^^ 


o 


a         -a 
s  ^  -^  "S 


a 

C3 

s    ca 
s  -^ 


C8 

-2    i.±^ 


S 


Crimson 


1-^ 


1^  s 


CO 


g 
S 
I 

CO 


-s  ^.  O  bD    g     M 

^    a  ca  t-  a    f    c8 

gh*  g^-  g     a  ■»&►     Si-v^ 

1^  ^  fcs;  '^  o      o 


be 


g 
o 


_^         ^  i:~ 


kCl         tt,         CO 


a 


ca 

a 
a 

g  ^ 


ca 

-a 


0) 

a 


CO 


QQ 
CD 


a?     K     *-■  ---^ 

Eh    o  pq    -  -  ■ 


o     o     o     aq 


^     0) 


00 


318 

In  general  the  arrangement  of  contents  is  as  follows;  —  first,  numerals 
and  (lays  of  the  month  —  second,  easy  graded  lessons  on  every  day  topics  — 
third,  rules  for  the  use  of  Classifiers  —  fourth,  Chinese  and  English  phrases  — 
fittli,  the  "Sarm  Chee  Kuu"  —  sixth,  how  to  recoguize  Chinese  characters 
ami  the  use  of  a  Chinese  dictionary  —  seventh,  the  earth,  the  five  great 
continents,  their  names  and  some  of  the  subdivisions  thereof  —  eighth, 
man's  occupations  together  with  his  household  arrangements,  and  the  contents 
of  his  home  —  ninth,  miscellaneous  words,  etc.  —  tenth,  and  most  important 
of  all,  are  set  forth  opposite  each  Chinese  character,  the  exact  meaning  and 
phonetic  pronunciations  of  the  Chinese  characters  as  sounded  by  the  Cantonese 
themselves,  together  with  a  literal  translation  and  a  polished  transliteration 
superimposed  thereat,  for  the  purpose  of  explaining  exactly  the  meaning 
intended;  hence  the  name  of  the  book,  "Chinese  Made  Easy". 

There  are  other  contents  of  our  book  which  we  have  not  enumerated. 
Giving  thus  the  origin  aad  explanation  of  Chinese  words  etc.,  why  may  not 
this  same  book,  likewise  be  of  great  service  to  the  Chinese  in  easily 
acquiring  the  English  language? 

Such  is  our  introduction  this  Anno  Domini,   1903. 

BROUNER  and  FUNG, 
Collaborators. 


317 


260  yol 

261  cheen 

262  cow 

263  hart 

264  Inn 

265  sarm 

266  ziecM 


267  hay 

268  /flw 

269  imr 
210fu7ig 

271  y«e< 

272  mow 

273  /ooHj; 

274  (7^'e 


One 

Thousaud 

Nine 

Humlred 

And 

Three 

Year 


Give     W 

Take    § 

i  ^ 

Hold  )^ 

Place 

Joy 

Luxuriant  1  % 

United 

Record    (or 

Preface) 


243  Imt 
2Uyr. 
245  chce 
2i(Sye 


248  yc 

249  huwk 

250  yun 
2h\yr 
252/00 

253  s^e 

254  why 


Not 
Follow 
This  (Rule) 
To 


247/(rtr«       Do  (Act) 


Easy 

Learn 

English 

Language 

? 


This 
Is 


255  jeio-e      Introduction 


Jesus  t 


256  yea 

257  so        ) 

258  kawiHj   Descend  I 

259  sarn       Livinc 


A.D. 


225  yiii 

226  yo2o 


Re 


227  svjh 

Foreign 

228  yu» 

Man 

229  ii//,i 

Can 

230  jick 

Depend 

231  gee 

It 

232  ye 

Be 

2B3ye 

Easy 

234  haiok 

Learn 

235  j7(7oi« 

Our 

236  whar 

237  ye 

1  Chinese 

238  jay 

's 

239  hay 

Why  then 

240  ?/y/((?<> 

Our 

241  w/wr 

China 

242  yun 

Man 

Translation  of  the  Chinese  Preface  pg.  sii. 

Inasmuch  as  the  Chinese  and  Foreigners  now  universally  exchange  their 
products,  it  often  happens  that  English  speaking  people  wish  to  learn 
Chinese;  moreover  the  Chinese  themselves  wish  often  to  learu  English  for 
the  purpose  of  commercial  intercourse. 

It  has  been  a  matter  of  regret  to  each  that  heretofore  there  has  been 
no  convenient  handbook  that  would  enable  the  one  to  learn  the  other's 
language.  To  meet  this  demand,  we  have  under  the  title  —  "Chinese  Made 
Easy",  especially  prepared  this  book. 

•J-  =  phonetic. 

34 


ai6 


199  see      J 

169  cliHl 

Out 

HO  joong 

Kind 

f 

200  ye       \ 

Therefore 

170  H-gork 

Canton 

141  mot 

Thing 

1 

201  chee 

This 
Book 

171  saru 
112  gee 

Province 
Of 

142  lew-e 

143  sup 

Glass 

202  aha 

Tenth 

20i  jo-e 

At 

173  toe 

Native 

144  chee 

This 

204  yun     1 

English 

174  yum 

Tone 

145  shu 

Book 

; 

205  muu    1 

1 75  yoio 

And 

146  choong 

In 

206  choong  Among 

176  chee 

Next 

147  jew-e 

Mostly 

207  chiin 

Call 

mye 

By 

148  yew 

Important 

208  why 

Is 

118  yot 

One 

149  gee 

Of 

209  whar 

119  yun 

English 

150  fart 

Rule 

2\0ye 

Chinese 

180  chee 

Letter 

- 

151  koo-e 

This 

211  y« 

Easy 

181  ye 

To 

152  «/<« 

Book 

2\2  hawk 

Learn 

182  guy 

Explain 

153 /aW 

Sets  forth 

213  yar 

Period 

183  yot 

One 

154  farn 

All 

184  ichar 

Chinese 

214  chay 

Moreover 

185  chee 

Letter 

155  Aay 

Begin 

215  Aav 

The 

156  /ie 

Rule 

" 

186  kay 

Then 

1  Remainder 

187  how 

After 

157  sin 

First 

216  ye 

(Balance  of 
couterjts) 

188  /lu/) 

With 

158  yoong 

Use 

189 /y»H 

English 

lh9yot 

One 

217  hawk 

Learn 

O 

/->!    • 

218  fart 

Rule 
Still  (Yet) 

190  ye 

191  s«)i 

192  go-e 

Language 

Whole 

Sentence 

160  w/iur 

161  c/iee 

162  chee 

(.  hinese 
Letter 

219  yun 

Next 

220  may 

Not 

193  ye 

To 

163  ye 

By 

\  Explain 
221  chay-xinpl , .        ,_  , 

19-1  guy 

Explain 

164  yun 

English 

|(Amplity) 

195  sun 

Whole 

165  chee 

Letter 

222  look 

Record 

196  go-e 

197  wAar 

Sentence 
Chinese 

166  7no 

167  ye 

Alphabet 

223  yiu 

Origin 

To 

224  % 

The 

198  7nun 

Letter 

168  tee-oo 

Spell 

315 


112  yum 

Recognize 

86  yung 

Use 

59  wAar 

Chinese 

113c/iee 

Letter 

87  yun 

Fulfil 

60  ye 

Language 

Hi  ye 

And 

88  ckow 

Recompense 

61  ye 

Easy 

115  chum 

Find 

89  say-ung  A.lways 

62  Aaw^ 

Learn 

116  chee 
in  dane 

118  gee 

119  fart 

Dictionary 

Such 
Method 

90  ye 

91  sarm 

92  yow 

93  fun 

94  lo-e 

Language 

Third 
Have 
Divide 

63  j/Mw       Therefore 

64  shu        Book 

65  choong  In 

66  hawk       TiParn 

120  chut 

Seventh 

Classifier 

67  faH 

Rule 

121  day 

Earth 

95  dun 

Class 

68  lay-uek  In-general 

122  coto 

Globe 

96  hawk 

Learn 

69  why 

Are 

123  ung 

Five 

97  fart 

Rule 

70  hoo-e 

Begun 

124  die 

Great 
Continents 

Country 
Name 
City 
Name 

98  see 

99  choorig 

100  sigh 

101  kork 

102  mun 

103  fart 

104  ling 

105  rlioovg 

106  quork 

107  sarm 

Fourth 
Middle 
(Country) 
West 
(Country) 
Every 
Letter  1  ^ 
Rule        "> 

1 

o 

b' 
O 

71  /ie 

72yo< 

73  so 

74  mook 

75  yo< 
76% 

n  yut 

18  fun 

19  ye 

80  yow 

81  cheen 

Set  in  ord 

12b  jow 

126  5'uorA 

127  mun 

128  fow 

129  mun 

First 
Numerals 

Days 

130  bart 
ISl  yun 

Eighth 

Man 

Living 

Occupation 

Months 

132  sarn 

Fifth 
Middle     | 
Country  i 
Three 

133  «ee 

134  ?/eeyo 

Second 
From 

135  hip 

With 

Easy 

136  ooA 

Dwelling 

108  c/(ee 

Letter     g' 

5' 

82  yitjo 

Into 

137  ?/e 

House 

109  kun 

110  look 

Classic    ^ 

83  some 

84  koo-e 

Deeper 

138  cow 

Ninth 

Sixth 

All 

139  /tor-yl- 

Every 

111  /mwA 

Learn 

85  yo< 

Daily 

APPENDIX. 
Kky  to  Chinese  Preface  pg.  xii. 


40  iliit 

Get 

41  kay 

That 

42yot 

Oue 

43  shii 

Book 

44  mun  Can 

45  bean  Couveuient 

46  ye  For 
illay-wipTwo  (Both) 
i8  jay  That 

49  ye  Easy 

50  hawk  Leara 


51  kwoo  Therefore 

52  kujn  Now 

53  dut  Especially 

54  c/ialk  Make 

55  chee  This 

56  s/iu  Book 


57  mun       Name 

58  yiit        Call 


20  whar     Chinese 

21  ye  Language 


22  lohar 

23  yun 

24  yick 

25  yook 

26  /(Oio 

27  _9ou) 

28  t/un 

29  y« 

30  ye 
81  bean 

32  wiow 

33  ytck 

34  giee 

35  <oo?(^ 

36  yutig 

31  jay 

38  sjVil 

39  may 


China 

Man 

Also 

Wish 

Examine 

Study 

English 

Language 


For 
Convenient 

Commercial 

Thereof 

Commuuicate 

Use 

.  (Period) 


Regret 

Not 


1  whar  Chinese 

2  ye  Lauguage 

3  ye  Easy 

4  hawk  Learn 
hjew-ee  Introduction 


9  n-goi-e 


6  ko-e      For 

7  gee         Since 

8  choong  China  (Middle) 
Foreign 
(Outside) 

10  toong     Universal 

11  «ay-?<ni7  Trade 
\2ye 
13  lo-e 


From 


14  sigh  West 

\hyun  Man 

16  moo-e  Often 

17  yook  Wish 

18  hawk 
10  j  up 


Learn 


313 


XXVI 


jam 


to  praise 


XXIV 


XXII 


cage 


(30) 

to  tfU 


sook 


m 


(118)  H  ^^  (154) 


to  redeem 
to  ransom 


tie 


-.  (188) 

1^'*  the  body- 
the  person 


dun 


(173) 
spirit 


(63) 
to  cut  off 


yea-ung 


l^'j^jfo  yield  i.e 


ve  prece- 
dence to 


XXIII 


garm 


^K.^  (167) 


6ean 


mirror 


%^ 


(149) 


to  change 


XXT 


■^\2 

XXI  1  XX 


lar 


kwoo 


lo 


a  final 
particle 


•     /   \»  regard       ^^— ^ 


If      "»' 

fjSSL^       stove 


XX 


yic/c 


sooA- 


J 


(441 

belong:  to 


^  (1901 


hay-tmg 


it 


lam 


ye 


rt  noise 


(180) 

noise 
sound 


yick 


(87) 

broken- 
worn  out 


(149) 

to  trans- 
late 
(a  work) 


(149) 


to  consult 


quam 


sick 


i 


^ 


O  ©the  beard  '    j    to  explain 


tate 


(1-20) 


heart 


M. 


167) 


iron 


(160) 


to  dispute 


go-e 


(169) 

to  bar 
the  door 


-^M 


/  Vto  know 


kiln 


^ 


(75) 

power 


ftst. 

(149) 


tl 


m   * 


(61) 


to  fear 


1^  -^^   to  protect 


pay 


(76) 

ghted 
pleased 


(149) 

compare 


wean 


(165) 


emancipate 


(199) 

wbeaten 
flour 


311 


XIX 


XIX 


XIX 


XIX 


liln 


g"y 


lie 


kawng 


(61) 


1^  i***  hanker  i       r-^^ 
♦*— -A        after  '    "^^ 


<y/ft        (172)     ,    ^^^         (11^) 

^S  l-"*^lomestic     ,^^     ^^  ^roprietv- 

^^  fowl  '  ""^      decorum 


}un 


kum 


(154) 


5?    ^  rii  bestov 


fA 


^wn 


(94) 
beast 


C;>C(149) 

^  JiAio  testify 
i^M>      (149) 


,#^. 


(112) 

ore  of 
metals 


(140) 


evive 


ye 

YU 


be-oo 


^ 


TJn  a 


(167) 

watch 


(164) 
to  heal 


4| 


chee 


lander 


chawng 


^;^ 


kane . 

^^^    mirror 


II 

(167) 


j/m 


171     I    to  refuse    ^.^^y  \ 


bo 


(140) 

to  conceal- 
0  store  up 


won 


bean 


(115) 


*  jC^seeurity 


(162) 
side  or 


(181) 
to  desire 


jick 


^    P-ious.^^^^;ffi;^^ 


po 


edge         |Z    Pf 


(149) 
record 


:no 


XVIII 


XVIII 


XVIII 


XVIll 


lie 


farn 


sook 


tnow 


(149) 

I'lir-fault 


to  shriuk 


farn 


kun 


queye 


^t  n^to  return- 


home 


say-ung 


bliud      V^'k 


i/j'w.      (187)      I       /5 

x-*-**/  ^  W^to  verify- 
to  testify 

kay 


m 


pair 


^ 


why 


ft 


(187) 


ye-oo 


(32) 

to  spoil- 
o  injure 


< 


to  ride 
lorse  back 


i64) 


tn  stir  up 


(149) 
careful 


(149) 


to  sing 


to  chant 


m 

(120) 


\\ll  <V^Til together 


(120) 

to  allow- 
0  permit 


(120) 

to  spin- 
to  twist 


309 


XVII 


look 


>Si 


(167) 

a  record 


say 


(85) 


/^ 


yun 


to  spill 


leem 


sun 


(128) 

voice- 
sound 


kun 


(149) 


wentive- 
|1  '-?rtt)ectful 


XVII 


die 


(62 1 


to  wear 


yick 


XVII 


XVII 


mot 


pawng 


'       '^^stocking 


cheen 


m 

1 149) 


it 

1^  -^^  to  slander 
to  vilify 


heem 


(124) 


>      \ 


2/e 


hay 


note  of 
a3tlTiration 
exclamation 


cho-e 


(154) 


ja^/yuio  dally 
■  ^     with 


(167) 


coin 


(149) 


Xi  ^^^  humble- 
lowly 


garp 


lorck 


foot 


ntest 
for-a  show 
of 


(169) 


^# 


(75) 


A 


Km 


m 

(196) 

dove  or 
pigeon 


lie 


kawng 


wide 


(149) 

speak 


pleasure- 
joy 


P^ 


lun 


'W~ 


(30) 


come 


fork 


/-^  W  range  of 
^        ^^        hills 


sorng 


it 


(120) 


s 

^Hp   to  bind- 


f^t^'  (173) 

niioar  frost- 


t^g 


nme- 

crvstnls 


)ew-e 


it 


to  tie  up 


(120) 

"suspend 


XVI 


308 


\vr 


XVI 


XVI 


cham 


tani 


-^X^^^      (184 

E^      men 


]un 


chuok 


-^       I  ro  play  on  V^ 

'   !i  striiitrc'd  '^ 


ro  play  on 

a  striuijed 

instrument 


>|iiiiiet  still  W  -iHJ     i 


(85) 


iiipure 


pun 


)ew-e 


bean 


jick 


^1.'  ^r:  ^..z  4i  * 

'^— Tvidencc-  ,         ^     '       J"-""'^  />^     '     minate  ^    iT^^to  store  Uf 

proof  I  I 


bore 


wham 


chun 


lie 


'         particle 


rilirr 


(147) 

'sself 


(155) 

lepend  oa 


chaw 


soo-e 


jin 


(167) 


wrong 


a 


so 


;>     ii09) 

sleep 


hawk 


(39) 


to  learn 


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weep 


(61) 


i»-  -^ -»    -X.  pardon  or 
4  *  ■    ^        forgive 


289 


soong 


ll 


yick 


(162) 

to  deliver 


toe-e 


t 


gawn 


(162) 
retire 


(5) 


■^^^^^^dvantage 


jut 


X 


bay 


hay 


lam 


(151) 


question 
mark  *  (?) 


(104) 

acute 
illness 


(8.) 
charcoal 


a45i 

^coverlet 
or  by 


chow 


go 


Y    1  to  dry  or 
'w  ^     dried 


low 


^. 


W 


(102) 
detain 


(123) 

lamb 


kiin 


(109) 

0  regard 
or  relatives 


(14f.) 

sleeve 


sun 


koong 


(30) 


yea 


n 


(166) 
ilderness 


■^r  ^ro 


(142) 


(140) 

beauty  or 
glory 


:^ 


chew-e 


(162) 


to  chase 


chock 


jsquito 
*  Implying  affirmation 


I^ 


(162) 


to  hurry 


(61) 

courteous 


har 


1 35) 


summer 


(851 

wave   of 
ocean 


she-oo 


}^ 


(85) 

to  diminish 


dawng 


(iO) 


bun 


companions 
or  club 


(104) 

sickness 


288 


IX 


IX 


^ 


sup 


to  think 
or  consider 


IX 


toe-e 


to  pick  up 


table 


IX 


kay 


^■Jf. 


WJT 

(113) 


sigh 


to  pray  or 
invoke 
or  beg 


(85) 

ocean 


«*''•!/  I        chee 

-"^^    10.)         ^^ 


to  fear 


sun 


waung 


WJ 


(72) 


star 


# 


(38; 
begin 


(38) 

elder 
sister 


(75) 

shelf 


moo-e 


(106) 


yum 


^ 


emperor 


(180)     I 

tune  or 
sound 


■^  ^     vTTunger 

sister 


7now 

t 

hay-ung 


wood 


(75) 

a  certain 
person 


(186) 


fragrant 


cheue 


?4 

fow 
smj-ung 


(85) 
wash 


(85) 


alive- 
perpetual 


(8ft) 

to  float 
or  drift 


(38) 

wife 


cho  \        say-u7ii 

I  grass 


(109 1 

together 
with 


287 


IX 


cheen  dai 

'  ^  to  recom-  j 
mend 


IX 

darm 


IX 


IX 


(130) 

orall  or  bile 


yun 


ym 


nk 


0^ 

(72) 


to  reflect 


fi. 


yow 
kim 


chin 


(75) 

flexible 


^ 


xjeep 


(170) 

a  court- 
yard or 
college 


^Ti    ^'  ^ 


(85) 

spring  or 

source 

fountain 


(181) 


cheen  pow  big 


blanket 


(8ii) 

gun 


to   pity 


it 

(ll>2l 

to  urge 


page 


fo^ 


(154) 

\         to  carry 
on  the  back 


vwoon  '  dock  |         fook 

^^-to  lead  '     ^  "'^'conceive    J^  *^V^, 


conceive 
or  conjecture 


yick 


bore 


(74) 

To  obey 


why 


day 


fay 


(104) 

plague 


cho-e 


ft 


■^  vitrf-.Diis     I  •      ,     1  ' 


(30) 

sign  of 
possessive' 
or  plural 


(130) 

stomach- 
appetite 


(183) 

fly 


sun 


voo-e 


gee 


(170) 

to  sub- 
tract 


^f^ 


m 

(32) 


(30) 

can 


^K. 


(133) 

convey  to 


286 


IX 


IX 


IX 


IX 


kar)yi 


price  of 


chun 


bo 


sick 


)oe-e 


excliiniation 
mark ! ! 


sai-n   or  sma 

4 


(109) 


Uz'^ 


chun 


ovmce- 
examine 


to 
protect 

dotigh-e 

"^^—         (60 1 

ti)  treat 


(184) 

to  eat 


chook 


4? 


»  coinii 


puutics 


chei/e    _ 


luck 


cuuiinon  or 
vulgar 


believe 


I  law 

I         9ee  I         ioe-e  I         bean 

4k  M.£  i^c'  411. 

autumn  lamp  '^'^  converse 

with    , 


(9) 


chee 


chook 


^  pillar 


poon 


go 


bun 


see 


-  ^    basin  •  Vii 


yin 


sow 


liinffle  or 
power 


n.  Ih-s.ow         >'X       plished  r     '"'"P'^"' 


onve- 
nient 


.9) 

uMenly 


285 


IX 


pie 


f^ 


IX 


fung 


(64) 


worship 


pun 


^\t 


OP 

(30) 


M. 


IX 


9^y 


( 18-2) 

wind 


▼J>^  (106 


IX 


chin 


(106) 

also 


^•J 


rank,  gra(Je 
(iegree  or 
or(ier 


(12-2) 


beauty 


hay  (oong  |  c/iorfc 

to  rise  up  ^  *,°        I 


car 


die 


(4  '1        i    V 


home  or 
house 


t 


to 
enclose 


(f.O) 


(IS) 

previously 
before 


(72) 

yesterday 


SOU) 


gforn  sarii  high 

^^^  to  select-       \        -\       bolt  to  ,    1^      ' 


>^ 


to  sort- 
a  card 


(85) 

to 
sprinkle 


mean 


yoong 


09) 

brave 


bolt   to 
a  door 


empe 


It 

(149) 

to 
compute 


chun 


kawng 


It 

(185) 

head 


(154) 


^  chaste- 

pure  moral 


^-^  face  !*    n  ,     ^V    4^>| 

descend    |    ' 

c/iar  chung 


quot 


(108) 

small 
bowl 


1^ 


^1] 

(18) 

to  shave 


(188) 
bone 
32 


284 


VIII 


VITI 


VIII 


VIII 


lo-e 


queye 


pie 


yow 


^j  ^k^  I    ^Uk.    strange  or  "^  ^  a  contract  iV  "^ 

H  '0"^''        *  queer  i   ^  or  lease  W 


I    ^*.    strange  or 
*  queer  i 


chut 


cho-e 


chee-oo 


koo-e 


^ 


(24) 

soldier 


kun 


^^  (140 


Bit    '''  ^^    ''^ 

'•^W'^Xhiktake  or     "^  Ij^  to  beckon, 
to  assume  to  hail,  to  invite 


oil 


(44) 


kay 


moot 


cow 


far 


4 

4^ 


boo-e 


U 


A 


celery 


(140) 

dower 


(76) 

cup 


m 

(109) 

blind 


J0^   he-him-it-  ^JT>^  d  ^ 

^^X       oi,._fV,»„      ^    ^    ^*  to  erase    >f      '^ 


dwell 


(94) 


^  he-hini-it 

f      »       she-they 


dog 


koo-e 


neem 


^3^  (121 

T)r  prepared 


(64) 


(61) 


chay-ung 


la: 


choong 

with  fingers  i  loyal 

chay-ung 


implement    ^^^^pC  to  take  up  ^1^  ^  faithful 


r^fc.       long     -^  "^TocTi 


(64) 


(72) 


j/ze 


drag,  to  pull      f'^^v        to  prosper 


par 


part 


(173) 


rain 


^H       afraid    ^H 


(64) 

to  pat  0.  g. 
on  back 


283 


VIII 


wot 


VIII 


ham 


VIII 


kwoo 


mo 


lilitary 


lo 


Xjf^        (9) 

%       iJpplied  to 
a  (iommon  person 

^fJV  (162) 

a  reception 
gee 


l^J^  constant  y^J^ 


constant 
perpetual 


kwoo 


^ 


(30) 
to  guess 


f/L-A  <130) 


VIII 


fawng 


vick 


'i 


(30) 


a  ques- 
ion  mark(?) 


nay 


ih 


(130) 


tore 


# 


limbs  of 
he  body 


(64) 


>^      tTto 


(30) 


a  share 
of  stock 


^ 


yun 


(631 


room 


(76) 


»  -^^^     servant  ^  "^  ^»  , 

to  be  pleased 


teep 


sore 


#     ljf\ 


waung 


chart 


nigh 


•*|^    to  drag 


to  pull 


lay-ung 


a   ques- 
mark  (?) 


i85i 


mud 


(H) 

WO  or  both 


1^  "^^^prosperous    '^^  /  T 
dane  /bo 

^i' .     ^      a  canon        #  1 


(63) 

)uilding 


(64) 

to  break 
open 


mo 


r^f      (13) 

r^       *°  feign-to 
t3  assume 

f    mnothers  name 


bo 


^ 


(69) 

axe 


(77) 

step 


282 


VIII 


VIII 


VIII 


VTIT 


(iiini^ 


ye-uck 


sick 


deem 


fung 


(53) 

...       ,  f^  a  loug  time       /  ct   , 

ea.i  ^    .    '     if-porhaps  ^,^^^  ^^  ^^^^^^^^    /    YTT  shop  or  ,nn 

darm  \        yun  |        foo 


.^^     '37.     2!r  "^     "^**      "^55       ^^*"'      /?^ 

^^EV^receive     '^-<^-^.  bear  or  j   ..^^        1^,^,,^    ,>^'^T. 

I     command  .     100  catties        J  ^ 


I  53) 


imand 
from  a  superior 
haij 


(-24) 

humble 
or  a;ive 


ii  iiearor 
100  catties 
i.e.  1331/3  lbs, 

mook  I         ngaw-un 


brave    ,  -^         ^a  prefecture 


(46) 


<-V^      /?  ^^tc^  #T^ 


(8) 


fawng 


shepherd      -^      1 
chum  kwoo 


to  let  go  or  loose  F 


to  let  go  or  loose 
rn-bean 


reason- 
•aiis^br  ground 


"^        lapitol 
chart 

(116) 
narrow 


woon 


queye 


(96) 


with 


/'"l/ 


kwoo 


hoong 


(39) 

a  season 


(116) 

empty  or 
vacant 


done 


kwun 


I  or  phan  or  alone  1  •  ,1 


(159) 

an  army  of 
12500  men 


281 


VIII 


VIII 


VIII 


VIII 


foo 


sigh 


dough 


hun 


V*  bitter  "^^^  to  use 


(9) 


fcwn 


i? 


(162) 

near 


see 


\ 


1  ^ 


to  serve 
or  wait  on 


die 


J^ 


(63) 


bottom 


m 

(18) 
to  reach 


chun 

4 


yea 


A^ 


(36) 
night 


waung 


ii 


(60) 
to  depart 


kum 


(130) 

to  assent 
willing 


(174) 


green 


deet 


dhun 


to  settle 
ir  decide 


/^; 


n 


'S 


(167) 


gold 


pun 


m 


(106) 

sign  of  the 
possessive  caseCs) 

fay 

(175) 


^ 


nigh 


^^    I  not  or  wrong        |  -J"^ 


(30) 
life 


(9) 


(74) 

friend  or 

companion 

or  schoolmate 


quoon 


•g 


be-oo 


yea 


excellent 
good 


(40) 

officer  of 
government 


ye 


^^.Si^l^rS™'^^" 


cham 


sow 


(9) 

according 
0  or  as 


<^ 


(87) 

to  emulate 
strive  for 


(87) 
receive 


280 


Vlll 


qwoo 


VIII 


moon 


VII 


foo 


to  buy 
or  aell  to  trade 

hore 


cheat 


.  ^  harmony       ^        I 


(64) 

to  help 
to  assist 


(64) 


VII 


lay-ung 


i$) 


hay-ung 


part 


}^ 


river 


m 

(85) 

to  anchor 
or  moor 


gee 


9^ 


harmony 
concord 


know(i.e.to 

be  acquainted 

with  people) 


to  break  off 


now 


^^ 


(1) 
tael 


(8) 


to  enjoy 


gun 


(64) 


turn  or  twist 


yup 


may 


ham 


goy 


^Sm^        (85) 
to  weep 


^jNteete-relishl-^/  '^it-ditch    ^"^^ 
flavor    ,  trench    , 


nigh 


•^      Sua 


gee 


(3-2) 


(73) 
more 

(66) 
to  change 


keen 


sook 


mua  or  mire 


-^    A^  (85) 

}f    Ip*       to  rule 


or  govern 


fart 


jeen 


>     1  ^ 

A   Jti  (85) 

W     ^71w  or  rule- 
regulation 


_        I  *86) 


to  contract 
to  infect 


'^    ^""^      to  see    ,  ^ 


(29) 

uncle 


chow 


i 


,y 


(64) 

to  copy 
writing 


279 


VII 


VII 


VII 


VII 


chay  chook 

'  waffon 


haw 


orn 


narm 


^ 


poon 


^\ 


yup 

(102)  f*^ 


see 


male 


fij 

(18) 

to  judge 
or  decide 


cook 


(157J 

the  foot 


(163) 

town 


(150) 
a  valley 


(9) 

wlio  or  which 
or  why  or  what  I 


(40) 


peace  or  rest 


go 


nay 


quone 


^^t      /  (115)      j       -—if* 

.^1    W^  private  '    ^XW^ 


/^        m   ^i^ 


to  inform 


(9) 
you 


cho-ee 


ko-e 


^K  -i^ 


ton 


private 
or  personal 


(30) 


prince 


barn 


chun 


If         %  ^ 

^SjJ^  board  ^R^ 

or  j)lank  / 


(2) 

to  string 
together 


to  blow 


to  swallow 


(9) 

she-it  or  he 
or  him 


ngaw 


(62) 
I   or  me 


key-oo 


(30) 
I  or  my  or 
we  or  us  or  ' 
to  guard  i 


4 


cheen 


laij 


H 


(75;  t-f^ 


hamlet 
village 


(166) 


mile 


ngoi-e 


ytn 


(30) 
foolish 


»4 

(30) 

call  or  cry 


(149) 
words 


278 


VII 


VII 


VII 


VII 


chaw 


Iar7i 


chatvng 


to  help 


(10)         /  ^ 


I 


bun 


(12) 

soldier 


sarm 


^> 


I 


(t6i 

cold 


(145) 

oat  or  shirt 


^'^  9)  ]jT>K 

•      I        to  stretch  |  /    < 
'   one's  self  in 
yawning    | 

darn  I         fie 


(9) 

but-only 


(53) 

bed 


(61) 
quick 


toe 


how 


kwoo 


M- 


mawng 


(130) 
stomach 


(39) 

piety 


a  scat 


(9) 
to  estimate 


lo 


bart 


*61) 


^ 


to  forget 


•  sand  yAf  labor    I     '         eld 


(9) 


ler  or  senior 


2/"«  c/iM»n 

i61i         -%    ^— • 


yow 


chork 


!!■  f"    ^'"k  '  hi   (lid     i  \    ^^ 


it 

(9) 


gee 


rt 


.61) 


-^   ■%  will-aim 
ir  purpose 


chaw 


t 


ijie 


(32) 
to  sit  liown 


T. 


to  protect 
to  aid 


(9) 


to  niake-todo 


boon 


-we-inysclf 
ourselves 


m 


(91 
■ompanion 


2TT 


VI 


foo-e 


J^ 


(86) 

ashes 


dun 


i 


VI 


yum 


^        rest 


(9) 


responsibil- 
ity, trust,  to  allow 


yun 


^\  (86) 

lamp 


koong 


4 

togetffei 


it 

(12) 


togetffer  or  with 


yea-ung 


4 


(123) 

sheep 


or  year 


chee 


•.^J  ^^milion 


^'J 


VI 


yow 


^ 


VI 


korh 


ye 


m 

(18) 


punishment 


Sfee 


(74) 


have 


^ 


chung 


1  ear  r< 


chin 


^Kl 


(30) 


every 


(142) 


insect, 
reptile,  worm 


(9) 


similar, 
as,  if,  or  like 


fook 


kay 


H 


(9) 


^    to  sub- 
na^lumbly, 
to  lie  prostrate  | 


ist: 


whole 


(9) 
to  stand 


yun 


m 


m 

(31) 


for  or  because 


yook 


\k 


ham 


horn 


bart 


5     -rf^    (144.) 

^4 


walk 


I         sweat  ^     ■» 


cheem 


chee 


(130) 

eat  or  flesh 


(106) 

100 


chee 


▼■^  (42) 

conical 
oi^pyramidal 


>fi    "      "^ 


to  dwell 


(132) 


self 


276 


VI 


VI 


how 


qiwrtig 


sut 


pay 


f^  (30)  JfT  (10)  ZU  (37)      I  r37 

sovereign  _^. ,._;,^  lost 

prince  or  ruler  I 


1 107) 
skin 


toe 


dee-oo 


vomit 


hay-ung 


toward 


men 


•        Til 


(30) 


name  or 
title  or  fame 


seat  sin  •■see  \         bow 

tongue  before  arrow 


see  {•?) 


t^i"^'i  "Jl 


chut 


(78) 


stc/c 


^         (30,  ^ 

I    I  "*  to  hang  V     -^ 

/or  console 


hop 


gut 


to  die 


<139) 

Lolor 


(30) 


to  shut 


Tfc 
M 

(30) 

luck 


^ 


arrow 


(17) 
go  out 


(20> 

wrap  up 


)eye 


>^->y^    (9) 

i    ^  dim 


c/iee 


(39) 

letter 


*  Pronounced  with  a 
rising  inflection  as  in 
asking;  see  (?) 


nutive  or  little 


ho 


M- 


heat 


t^ 


(38) 

good 


(61 1 


must 
or  necessarily 


chee 


X 


(76) 


next 
or  following 


275 


dhar  foo  vwore  chee-oo 

^  \      (6*)  ."■'n^     ^*^  !  ^^     "    i^fef 

^  .,  "^        interjection  i  ' 

to  strike  „f  „,,,nriae!!  S''^^^ 


po( 


X. 


harm 


-^ 


7E 

(103) 

a  roll  or 
a  piece 


(99) 

sweet 


see 


^^ 


(113) 
to  admonish 


may 


n-goi-e 


(30) 

to  summon 
or  call 


hun 


outside 


see 


chay 


JL 


sigh 


(1) 
also 


^wn 


(50) 

market 


mood 


^      pnr 


dwf 


(75 1 


ih 


end  or  result 


(17) 


projecting 


/wn 


77 


(30) 

elder  brother 


(30) 

another  or 
besides 


(9) 

to  cause  or 

to  make  or 

to  order 


ngar 


pxm 


boon 


^i»^^     genera-       /J 

tion  J  ^ 


teeth    I         I    even  ^ 


(51) 

imooth 


I        ^      roi 


(75) 


root  or  oriiirin 


cheye  or  cheat 


but 


ivon 


whole  or  cut  north        ^ 


At 


whole  or  cut 


(85) 

to  revere 


boon 


-^-  (21) 


half 


274 


kar 


bo 


bart    - 


(60)       .        \£-^ 

cloth  cotton 
or  linen 


tuld    up 
^•ITOQ^  '  foo  ritow 

yj^      (30i         I  "*J       (9)        1^— j 


ra 


131) 


four 


^ 


(30 1 

ancient 


(9) 
to  deliver  to  i 


(31)  1-^ 

prisoner 


/id  (loiKjh-i:  vwoo-c  J/Oll' 


can  or  may, 
worthv-able 


instead  of 


to  revert  or 
turn  back 


;ait) 


goo-e 


karp 


N  (30 1  AtL  148)  '^■rf   I  (30)  't*' 

'     ,        ,  the  left  or  >r     phrase  or  f 


toe-e 


knock  at 


O 

(30 1 

•luinent  or 
exalted 


the  left  or 
an  assistant 


IJOW 


phrase  or 
sentence  1 


6 

(106) 

white 


EB 

>  102) 

tield 


1021 

from 


1 102) 
coat  of  mail 


Sim 


y^ 


(30) 


right  (side) 


n 

(30. 


t 


chee 


set 


( 102) 

to  stretch-to 

director  or  f  exfcend-to 

commissioner  state  to  a  su- 

perior-from  3to  5p.m. 


yoong 


mook 


r        ^    onlv  or  ^  ^ 


(30) 

w       ^    only  or 
merely 


stone 


to  use 


(109) 

eye 


273 


IV 


yun 


IV 


waung 


A 


»  (9) 

benevolent 
or  kind 


sup 


^f 


if 

(9) 

a  file  of 
ten  men 


gee 


J^ 


mo 


4 


no-e 


y- 


fawng 


^ 


quore 


^ 


(82) 

hair 


(38) 
female 


3E 

(96) 
king 


It 

(77) 

to  stop 


IV 

look 


koong 


IV 


mook 


ung 


(12) 

six 


(12) 

male 


^ 


jOW 


^V 


fun 


JrL     ^   -^7^    ^'  A^ 


(18) 


but 


% 


won 


a  square 


(62) 
a  spear 


five 


(1) 
not 


(7) 


kum 


a  part 


4 

(9) 


now 


chow 


ym 


to  speak 


Hf>^ 


far 


(9) 

enemy 


(9) 


(75) 

wood 


(87) 
claws 


diet 


R 

(44) 
foot  =  10  inches 


rnot 


M 


see-oo 


^l- 


(20) 

not 


(42) 


young  or  few 


toong 


ji        (10)  \  Ji  Y      *®^  i  .^^v 

X  »*— A  .^^j    f  I      Srreform  or -/^ 


reform  or 
convert 


(9) 

^together  or 
united 


272 


IV 


see 


IV 


go-p 


IV 


gpp 


IV 
n-gow 


11  surname,  great  or         ->^^^  I  I 

large  branch  ^ 


4^ 

(93) 


yaw  I         /t„„ 

midday ,  compare    1  bundle  '  „ 


(69) 


hoong 


no-e 


orifice  within    j  *    ▼  not  f 


catty  (li/glbs) 


wo 


4 

(68) 


cup 

some 

IIUI. 

yot 

TA             (29) 

^^)  arrive 

heart 

Pi    72) 

'^             day 

2/e 

^  ^'b^with-at 

mo 

^  U^     (80) 

*     Aniother  or 
^>r       female 

CI                (74) 

_^  ^    month  or 
moon 

wo 

/loongf 

yut 

measure 


;en 


^ 


c/iMngr 


t 


(7i 
ell  of  water 


(2) 

middle 


sow 


tgr  do  not    i^ 


i2<i 

(17) 
unlucky 


said 


^ 


(64) 

hand 


IV 


271 
IV  III 


III 


tane 


tze 


gee 


(am 


letter 


•^      ^^     heaven  9  fn  n  n  m  "^ 


(49) 


9  to  1 1  a.m. 


yexju-e 


gee 


cheen 


■^        ^^  opposite-|  ^^   ^^^   delicate    I  ^  I 


opposite- 
reverse  or  turn  over 


yow 


9k 

(31) 

delicate 
or  voung 


foo 


■^  ^^       friend        1     ^^^    husband  ' 


of 


mountain 


korn 


for 


tie 


\ih  (86)    iX^ 


hiin 


-*^'4  ^^  water     y^^^ 


heem 


foo 


_^^   ^^    to  owe     _^^^^^ 


(37) 

great  or 
big 


(37) 

dog 


5t 

(88) 

father 


^ 


ye 


^ 


see 


r 


fra?/ 


^ 


(39) 

child 


(24) 

1000 


(24) 

shield 


(7) 

in  or  at  or 
on  or  of 


(44) 

corpse 


a 

(49) 

one's  self 


270 


HI 


chee  t 


ro  tblldw 


ijigh 


yar 


cheen 


M'urtlier 
also 


(41) 


cho-e 


i 


zye 


it 

(64) 

material 


(6) 


III 


gow 


K 


'41 


loni;  tunc 


mawng 


^^  arrow 


(8) 
to  die 


yin 


^V    .^further         y     \^ 


% 

(3) 


char 


^  Zi.  X^ 


X 

(29) 

foriv 


sarm 


(1) 


three 


chay-ung 


"*^  give  )^ 


(ii 


II)  feet 


HI 

see 

s 

± 
tinlcnt 

how 

xf 

P 

(30) 
IlKIUth 

.vt 

a. 

n 

inclose 

Awn 

i^ 

(50) 
lapkin 

inani 

7} 

(1- 

10000 

fco 

^ 

^. 

(9) 
ot  flat  * 

III 


say-ung 


har 


-f 


die 


A 


see-oo 


,h 


kung 


toe 


J. 


± 

up 


T 

(1) 

(iown 


(37) 

hitf 


(42) 

little 


(48i 

work 


± 

(321 

earth 


t  =  8ee  explanation  on  preceding  page. 


269 


II 


lick 


II 


kwing  f 


II 


ye 


/J     '"' 


pow  t 


n 


peek  f 


L 


fong  t 


c 


strength 


(20) 

to  infold 


(21) 


spoon 


(22) 

a  chest 


a  limit 

mick  f 

»— f 

to  cover 


/ligr/i    t 


(23) 

to  conceal 


sup 


t 


+ 

(24) 

ten 


pxin  t 


(15) 
ice 


A-i  •" 


hom  f 


U 


dough 


77 


bench 


u 

(17) 

receptacle 


(18) 
knife 


(7) 


two 


tow*f 


yun 


X 


(8) 
a  cover 


A 

(9) 
man 


yun  t 


;l 


(10) 


man  walking 


yop 


TV  ' 


j/o( 


(1) 


one 


kwan  f 


I 


(2) 

pass  through 


chee-oo  f 


(3) 

point  or  a  lord 


peat  f 


; 


J 

(4) 
a  left  stroke 


yeet  f 


hart 


to  enter 


A 

(12) 

eight 


Z. 


keet  f 


J 


6 

(&) 

curved 


(6) 
a  barb 


*  as  in  tower. 

t  =  these  Chinese  characters  are  not  perfect  separate  characters  in  themselves;  they  are  RADICALS 
and  are  only  used  in  combination  with  other  signs,  as  parts  of  characters;  (i.  e.)  they  are  not  spoken, 
neither  are  they  written  alone  as  such. 

31 


268 


EASY  LESSONS  IN  CHINESE  WRITING. 

The  Ibllowiug  1000  wonls  have  been  carefully  selected  and  are  arrano-ed 
for  the  sake  of  practice  under  stroke  headings.  These  Roman  Numerals, 
I,  II,  III,  etc.,  at  the  top  of  the  columns  show  the  number  of  strokes 
necessary  to  form  each  character.  We  haveu  given  the  character  written  out 
in  large  type  aud  in  small  printed  type  so  as  to  aid  the  student  not  only 
in  the  art  of  writing  Chinese  characters,  but  also  in  the  art  of  readiu"' 
ordinary  Chinese  type.  It  is  really  aualagous  to  our  native  primers  which 
give  not  only  the  large  type  but  also  the  small  type. 

Opposite  each  Chinese  character  will  be  found  a  small  numeral;  this  is 
a  key  to  the  Radical  under  which  the  word  will  be  found  in  the  Chinese 
dictionary.  Serious  students  would  do  well  by  attempting  the  verification  of 
these  words  both  as  to  "stroke"  and  Radical  number. 


267 

UTENSILS.  A  chest,  measure,  mortar,  spoou,  knife,  bench,  couch,  clothes, 
crockery,  tiles,  dishes,  napkin,  net,  plough,  vase,  tripod,  boat,  carriage,  pencil, 
bow,  halberd,  arrow,  dart,   axe,  musical  reed,  drum,  seal. 

QUALITIES.  Color,  black,  white,  yellow,  azure,  carnation,  sombre-color, 
high,  long,  sweet,  square,  large,  small,  slender,  old,  fragrant,  acrid,  perverse, 
base,  opposed. 

ACTIONS.  To  enter,  to  follow,  to  walk  slowly,  to  arrive  at,  to  stride, 
to  walk,  to  reach  to,  to  touch,  to  stop,  to  fly,  to  overspread,  to  envelope, 
to  encircle,  to  establish,  to  overshadow,  to  adjust,  to  distinguish,  to  divine, 
to  see,  to  eat,  to  speak,  to  kill,  to  fight,  to  oppose,  to  stop,  to  embroider, 
to  owe,  to  compare,  to  imitate,  to  bring  forth,  to  use,   to  promulgate. 

PARTS  OF  THE  WORLD  AND  DWELLINGS;  FIGURES:  MISCEL- 
LANEOUS. A  desert,  cave,  field,  den,  mount,  hill,  valley,  rivulet,  cliff, 
retreat.  A  city,  roof,  gate,  door,  portico,  one,  two,  eight,  ten,  eleven,  an 
inch,  a  mile,  without,  not,  false,  a  scholar,  statesman,  letters,  art,  wealth, 
motion;  self,  myself,  father;  a  point,  wine,  silk,  joined  hands,  a  long  journey, 
print  of  a  bear's  foot,  a  surname,  a  piece  of  cloth. 


266 


14  Strokes. 

(209)  m  hay  The  nose 

(210)  Tm^  chetje  Even,  correct. 


(211) 


15  Strokes. 


dice 


The  teeth 


16  Strokes. 


(212)§||/u»<7 


A  dragon 


(213)  ajl^  y«?^e         A  tortoise 


(214) 


ye-uck        A  flute 


12  Strokes. 
(201)~HB*  icdin/i;        Yellow 


(202)  ^{^  .^/(c 


(203)  ^.  /i«« 

(204)  ^  cheye 


Millet 
Black 
To  embroider 


13  Strokes. 

A  froj: 


(205)  jSj^  min 

(206)  lEl  (/««  A  tripod 


(207) 


hoo 


(208)  ^  ./,e 


A  drum 
A  mouse 


The  meanings  attached  to  the  above  RADICALS  have  been  thus  classified, 
they  are  useful  .alike  to  the  general  reader  and  student  as  they  show  the 
kind  of  words  denoted  by  the  elementary  figures. 

PARTS  OF  BODIES.  Body,  corpse,  head,  hair,  down,  whiskers,  face, 
eye,  ear,  nose,  mouth,  teeth,  tusk,  tongue,  hand,  heart,  foot,  hide,  leather, 
skin,  wings,  feathers,  blood,  flesh,  talons,  horns  and  bones. 

ZOOLOGICAL.  Man,  woman,  child,  horse,  sheep,  tiger,  dog,  ox,  hog, 
hogshead,  deer,  tortoise,  dragon,  reptile,  mouse,  toad,  bird,  fowls,  fish,  insect. 

BOTANICAL.  Herb,  grain,  rice,  wheat,  millet,  hemp,  leeks,  melon,  pulse, 
bamboo,  sacrificial  herbs,  wood,  branch,  sprouts,  petal. 

MINERAL.  Metal,  stone,  gems,  salt,  earth. 

METEOROLOGICAL.  Raiu,  wind,  fire,  water,  icicle,  vapor,  sound,  sun, 
moon,  evening,  time. 


26r 


(185)   g   ..oiv 

The  head 

(169)  p^   moon 

Door 

(186):^;  hay-Ul,g 

Incense 

(170)    ^  foiv 

A  mound 

10  Strokes. 

(110)^  f 010  f 

A  mound 

187)  ^  ,nar 

A   horse 

(171)  ^<% 

To  extend  to 

mS)^quol 

Bones 

(172)  ^^  cl,ew-ee 

Fowls 

[189)  ^  ko 

High 

(178)^,. 

Rain 

[m)^pee.oo 

Long  hair 

(174)   pa   cinui 

Green,  azure. 

m)f^^doia 

To  quarrel 

(175)  ^/«^ 

Not,  wrong. 

192)  1^  cf>ay.u„g 

A  fragrant  plant 

9  Strokes. 

193)  1^  leek 

A  tripod,  an  urn. 

(176)  t^  mean 

The  face 

194)  ^  qurye 

A  demon 

(177)    1^    garl 

The  skin 

11  Strokes. 

(178)   ^  ?6% 

To  oppose 

195)  ^^^  y,e 

A  fish 

(179)  ^  cow 

Leeks 

196)  ^1^  ,,,,-00 

A  bird 

(180)-^;yMW 

Sound 

197)  ||j  /o 

Salt 

(181)    ^  yeep 

The  head 

198)J^/oo/(: 

A  deer 

(182)  j^foovg 

Wind 

199)  ^  mark 

Wheat 

(183)^.% 

To  fly 

^-m^lrnar 

Hemp 

{184)'^  sick 

To  eat 

26 


(154)  ^^  lioo-e 

Pearls 

{lbb)-^f^  chicle 

Flesli   color 

1 

(156)  ^h  cJioiP 

To  run 

(157)  J&  choo/c 

Tiie  foot 

(158)  ^  sun 

The  body 

(159)  1^  900-e 

A  carriage 

(160)  ^Y^  .>«« 

Bitter 

(161)J^««" 

Time 

(IG2)  ^L^chay-ook 

Motioa 

(162)  5,_  c/i«y-oo/.-t 

Motion 

(163)  ^  yup 

A  city 

(163)|Jy«j.t 

A  city 

(164)  ifb  yow 

Spirits  (i.e.  alco- 
holic) 

(165)^^|^pMH 

To  separate 

(166)  jp  % 

A  mile 

8  Strokes. 

(167)  ^  kum 

Metal 

(168)   /^  chay-ung 

Long,  old 

(168)^  chay-ung  f 

Long,  old 

140)l4jlj»,/a.  Shrubs 

140)  H"  cho  t  Shrubs 

141)  fcp*/oo  A  tiger 

142)  ^^  chiuHi  Reptiles 

143)  KtT   hill  Blood 

144)  ^i~t  I,  „■>,  To  walk 

145)  Vv:  y  Clothing 

145)  ^  ye  f  Clothing 

146)  Htl  sioh  West 


146)  ^   har 


To     oversee,     to 


cover  over 


7  Strokes. 

147)  @    hri,        To  see 

148)  m   '^-ork        A  horn 


149)  ^  yin  Words 

150)  -^v  foo/;        A  valley 


151)   Rl  </oi. 


Puis 


152)  ^V  sec  Swine 


153)  ^>^r  (7(e_(/t'       Reptiles 


263 


123)   —f^.  If  fin- II J I /J  Sheep 

[124)^^  eye  Wings 

n2b)^lo  Aged 

[126)  ^fn  ye  Anil,  still 

[127)  -^^  loij  A  plow 

[128)_H-?/e  An   ear 

(129)  ^^  lut  A  pencil 

130)  fi^  iiook  Flesh 

[130)^yoo/tt  Flesh 

^31)  |-^    sun  A  minister 

[132)  El  rhec  Self,  from 

(133)  "^  gee  To  extend  to 
134)  p^  koio  A  mortar 

(135)    1*1    sheet  The  tongue 

^136)  aTIC  r/(t'(Vi  An   error 

(137)  IJI  j'o;g  A  boat,  a  vessel. 

(138)  ^^  knn  Perverse 

(139)  ft    sic/t  Color 


109)    H    »-oo/-  The  eye 

109)  PB  „,oo/t  t  The  eye 

110)  ~Jt  ^  mow  A  spear 

111)  "^r-*  cJiee  An  arrow 

112)  >^|  set  A  stone 

113)  17I\  she  To  admonish 

113)  jjj«/(et  To  admonish 

114)  Kf  ?/ow  To  cr-eep 

115)  TT^  ««"•  Grain 

116)  y\^  yiit.  A  cave 

117)  ■»    ^"/^  To  stand  up 


6 

Strokes. 

118)  'Y\  '^'°°^ 

Bamboo 

119)  ^^'"y 

Rice 

120)  ^  see 

Silk 

121)  ^/ow' 

Crockery 

122)  p^  morng     A   net 

122)  tia  morn g  ■\      A   net 
122)  J]j  morng  f    A  net 


2G2 


(93)  ^^p.  vpoip 

A  cow 

(78)  A^   die 

Evil 

(94)  -fr  hun 

A  dog 

(78)  Ji  die  t 

Evil 

(94)  ^  /am  t 

A  clog 

(79)  -^  she 

Weapons 

5 

Strokes. 

(80)  ^  ,no 

Do  not 

(95)  ^yT  (/MH 

Sombre 

(81)  ^  bay 

To  compare 

(96)  -j^  yo^-« 

Gem 

(82)  ^  mo 

Hair 

(96)  J^ofef 

(97)  /J^  ^Wwr 

(98)  -^  t'gar 

(99)  "U"  ^-arm 

Gem 

A  melon 

Eartheru 

Sweet 

(83)  RF  see 

(84)  — ^  /«;^ 

(85)  "^i^  soo-e 
(85)  y  soo-e  t 

A  family 

Breath 

Water 
Water 

(100)  /|.    sum 

(101)  j^  y«"^ 

To  produce 
To  use 

(85)  >Jc  soo-e  t 

(86)  ^J^  fore 
(86)  ii4>  /ore  f 

Water 

Fire 

Fire 

(102)  MJ  <eH 

A  field 

(87)   r|^  chow 

Claws 

(103)  ;^  po< 

A  roll,  a  piece 

(87)  7Ti  chow  f 

Claws 

(104)  )|        »hU- 

Diseased 

(88) -^/oo 

Father 

(105))^^poo« 

To  separate 

(89)  "^^   ;/(/oii; 

To  imitate 

(106)  U|  ^-ari 

White 

(90)     4    chaicng 

A  couch 

(107)  J;^  /'oy 

Skin 

(91)   I-|^  pcen 

A  splinter 

(108)  IHl    »iun 

A  dish 

(92)  ^     »jf«r- 

Teeth 

261 


(62)    J^  quore 

A  spear 

(63)  ^  foo 

A  door 

(64)  3^  sow 

A   hand 

(65)  J^  gee 

A  branch 

(66)  ^  pork 

A  blow 

(66)  Jc   /'o'-'t  t 

A  blow 

(67)  ^^    »"(" 

Letters 

(68)  J^  'low 

A   mesure 

(69)  jfy  bni 

A  catty  (IV:.  Lb.) 

(70)  J^  fawvcj 

A  square 

(71)  ^  r«o 

Without,  not. 

(71)  5E-  mo 

Without,   not. 

(72)    0   yo^ 

The  sun 

(73)   g  ,/S« 

To  speak 

(74)  ^  i>"« 

The  moon 

(75)  y^   mooh 

Wood 

(76)  ^  /,fe-« 

To  owe 

(77)    \\-9^e 

To  stop 

(47)  jll   dmn  f  A  stream 

(47)  {.^  cliun\         A  stream 

(48)  "~p  hoong       Work 


One's  self 
A  napkin 


(49)  -^  hay 

(50)  rfj  hin 

(51)  ""F"  horn  A  shield 
(52)^ 


ye-oo 


Small 


(53)  I        yeem  A   shelter,  roof 

(54)  £^     yow  A  journey 

(55)  J  I '  hoong  To  join  hands 

(56)  I  *  yigh  An  arrow 

(57)  |~l  hoong  A  bow 

(58)   I    high  A  swine's  head 

(58)  ^  /i;//!  t  A  swine's  head 

(59)  ^y*/  sarm  Feathers,  hair 


(60)  A     geet  A  short  step 

4  Strokes. 

(61)  ;f^\  some  The  heart 

(61)  f  somef  The  heart 

i  (61)>J„  somef         The  heart 

30 


260 


(31)  1      1  new-,- 

To  inclose 

(15)     ^     l>i,u 

Ice 

(32)  4--   toe 

Epith 

(16)  JL^y 

A    boncli 

(33)    -|     *w 

A  scholar 

(17)  I     [  how 

A  receptacle 

(34)  Af    chee 

To  follow 

(18)  7J  'V"/' 

A  knife 

(35)  X/    Koo-e 

To  walk  slowly 

(18)|Jf/o«<,/<t 

A    knife 

J  - 

(19)     JJ  liik 

Strength 

(36)  y^  <-/;.V^ 

(37)  y\^  </»e 

Evening 

Large 

(20)  ^\  l>'>w 

(21)  1^    I'uy 

To  infold 

(38)    A    ('o-c 

A  spoon 

Female 

(39)  -^  «;e« 

A  child 

(22)  1         fo>,g 

A  chest 

(40)  i-^  ».i'» 

A  cover 

(23)   |_^  hay 

To  conceal 

(41)  ^  1     c//fe// 

An   inch 

(24)  -[-"  sup 

Ten 

(42)  /J\  .<,ee-oo 

Small 

(25)    K    I'ook 

To   divine 

(43)     /|     wortig 

Distorted,  lame. 

(26)    |J    t><cal 

A  seal 

(43)  y^;  wor»9t 

Distorted,  lame. 

(26)  E.  <«t(j< 

A  seal 

(43)  ^  uJor«(/ 1 

Distorted,  lauie. 

(27)  J        //«» 

A  shelter 

(44)  f^  see 

A   corpse 

(28)    Ax  rnoJO 

Deflected 

(45)  1  1  1  cheat 

A  sprout 

(29)  "^fyow 

Moreover 

(46)  1  1  1  saru 

A  lEountaiu 

3 

Strokes. 

(47)  S\J  c/-«« 

A  stream 

(30)   []   how 

Mouth 

259 


A  LIST  OF  RADICALS,  RELATIVES,  OR  DETERMINATIVES. 


(8)-^ 


toil' 


A   cover 


(9)     /V    yun  A  man 

(9)  '^  yun  f  A   man 

(10)  11     yuii  A   man   walking 

(11)  yl    yop  To  euter 

(12)  y^  bart  Eight 

(13)  \~\  kwing  A   limit 


(14)  4—k  niick        To  cover 

t  Form  ailopted  when   used  in  eorabination. 


Those  formed  with  1  Stroke  (of  the  pen). 

1)  •  ijot  Oue  unity 

2 )  I      korn  To  pass   through 

3)  -^     cliee-oo        A  point,  a  lord 

4)  /   peet  A  left  stroke 

-y  Curved,    a    horary 

^•^  I  character 


O 


7) 


km  A  barb  hooked 

2  Strokes. 

ye  Two 


258 

or  less  easy  to  be  identified,  until  tiie  impossibilities  of  a  wholly  pictorial 
language  gave  place  to  the  phonetic  system  upon  wliieh  the  present  characters 
are  based.  Thus  the  ancient  Chinese  drew  a  rude  picture  to  represent  the 
sound  by  which  they  designated  a  /lorfi',  viz:  ,f]^  mail  But  witii  a  very 
limited  number  of  vocables,  it  followed  that  the  sound  mau  with  differences 
iu  intonation,  did  duty  in  tiie  spoken  language  for  other  ideas  as  mak  tnolher; 
MAR  aijiiie:  MAii  a  locust;  mar  prawns;  mar  to  airsc;  MAit  t/ie  head  of  a  led 
etc.    By   the  phonetic  system  the  Chinese  wrote  down   each  of  the  above  as 

,^  MAR  horse,  and  then  added  a  disfitifiuishiiig  character  on  the  left  of  the 
sign  for  Mak,  thus  givii'ff  origin  to  the  parts  of  the  Chinese  word  which  we 
have  denominated  RADICALS  e.  g.   add  the  sign    JQ  woman  —  add  the  sign 

^  gent  —  add  the  sigu  ^  insect  —  add  the  sign  '^  fish  —  add  the 
sign  P  mouth  —  add  the  sigu  7J^  wood  —  each  to  the  left  of  the  word 
and  picture  ,|fi  mar  horse  and  we  get  jl^  woman-horse  i.  e.  mother;  I^ 
jade-horse,  i.e.   agate;    jj^    insect-horse  i.e.  locust;  g^    fish-horse  i.  e.  prawns 

Ri|  nwuth-horse  i.e.   to  curse;    ^^  wood-horse  i.e.   head  of  a  bed. 

Iu  many  cases  these  composite  characters  became  the  phonetics  of  other 
sets  of  characters,  distinguished  in  like  manner  by  appropriate  radicals. 
Again  there  is  a  small  class  of  so  called  "ideographic"  characters  where  the 
sense  of  the  component  parts  yields  the  sense  of  the  whole;  e.g.    ^    tree, 

jdl^  a  forest,  ^^  dense,  or  obscure.  ^  man  ^  west,  ^  country  combined 
becomes  jW  '''western  nation  man".  The  student  is  also  referred  to  the  introductory 
note  to  Lesson  I  and  he  should  familiarize  himself  gradually  with  all  of  the 
214  radicals. 


257 


A  combination  of  Radical 


18  and  2 

strokes. 

^^ 

18 

^ 

18 

^ 

18     3 

-n 

18     4 

n 

18 

m 

18 

m 

18 

m 

18    5 

m 

The  last  one  would  be  the  word  we  are  looking  for.  If  the  word  we 
were  looking  up  had  Radical  18  and  19  strokes  we  would  look  for  it  in 
the  same   way.   Note  that    JfJ    in   combination   may   also   be  written  [J 

NB.  The  student  should,  in  conjunction  with  this  subject,  revert  to  pages  138;  139  and  184,  185, 
which  contain  specimen  pages  of  a  Chinese-English  Dictionary. 

A    RADICAL,    RELATIVE    or    DETERMINATIVE    is    the   part  of  a 

Chinese  character  which  often  gives  us  a  clue  as  to  its  meaning;  originally 

J 

over  500  in  number,  these  radicals  were  reduced  in  number  to  214.  Under 
these  headings  all  Chinese  words  may  be  properly  classified  —  indeed  some, 
if  not  all  native  dictionaries,  are  arranged  so  that  all  characters  having  the 
same  radical  are  put  together  under  one  heading  and  then  subdivided 
according  to  the  actual  number  of  pen  strokes  necessary  to  make  the 
remaining  part  or  phonetic. 

As  we  have  already  remarked  the  Chinese  have  no  alphabet;  they  employ 
characters  (^  chee  a  word)  which  are  but  pictures  or  symbols  of  —  things 
or  ideas  —  abstract  and  concrete  *.  "Tliey  are  neither  agglutinative  nor, 
inflexional  but  vary  in  grammatical  value  as  verb,  substantive,  or  adjective 
with  their  position  in  the  sentence.  There  are  more  than  40000  separate 
characters  tlie  origin   of  which  appears  to   have  been   as  follows: 

A  few  simple  shapes  of  visible   objects   were  followed  up  by  others  more 


♦  Pror  Giles. 


256 

although  they  may  be  classified  phonetically.  "We  know  that  there  are  two 
hundred  and  fourteen  (214)  Radicals,  hence  the  Chinese  dictionary  may 
be  said  to  have  214  divisions  under  which  all  words  may  bo  found.  We 
know  that  these  Radicals  are  kt>ys  as  it  were,  to  the  language;  find  the 
Chinese  key,  count  the  number  of  strokes  employed  in  making  the  Radical 
and  tiien  count  the  additional  strokes  which  go  to  make  up  the  word  or 
character  (of  course  it  is  presupposed  that  the  student  in  faniilliar  with  the 
Radicals).  Now  let  us  suppose  that  the  Radical  we  have  found  consists  of 
three  strokes,  and  that  in  addition  to  the  Radical  the  word  we  are  looking 
for  contains  six  extra  strokes;  we  would  now  look  up  the  three  stroke 
Radical  and  then  look  through  all  the  six  stroke  words  in  the  dictionary 
under  the  given  Radical  until  we  found  the  exact  six  strokes  that  consti- 
tute the  word. 

This  can  perhaps  be  better  explained  if  we  give  an  illustration  of  En- 
glish words.  Suppose  that  all  our  English  words  could  be  classified  under 
214  heads;  let  us  suppose  that  one  of  these  heads  is  the  three  letter 
termination  age  and  that  the  word  we  are  looking  up  is  a  nine  lettered 
word,  three  of  wOiich  are  the  combination  age.  (The  word  that  we  are 
looking  up  being  espionage.)  "We  would  now  turn  to  the  termination  (equi- 
valent to  a  Radical)  age.  On  the  dictionary  page  we  would  find  the  following, 
r-age  being  a  combination  of  the  Radical  age  and  1  letter  or  stroke 


im-age 

» 

!) 

n 

T) 

t> 

2 

for-age 

» 

H 

V 

» 

n 

3 

cour-age 

n 

» 

n 

)) 

n 

4 

steer-age 

I) 

» 

)) 

n 

» 

5 

espion-age 

1) 

» 

H 

•n 

» 

6 

Let  us  now  look  up  a  Chinese  word ;  suppose  it  to  be  ^JJ  ;  a  know- 
ledge of  the  Radicals  would  show  us  that  this  word  was  composed  of 
Radical  18  7J  '"  combination  with  a  word  containing  (not  counting  the 
two  strokes  of  the  Radical)  five  extra  strokes.  We  would  now  look  up 
section  18  of  the  Chinese  Dictionary  containing  all  words  under  Radical 
18;  looking  down  the  line  we  would  see  the  following. 


255 

The  abbreviations  which  we  present  here ,  are  phieed  for  reference 
only  —  it  is  not  intended  to  have  the  student  memorize  these  until  he  is 
familiar  with  the  regular  forms. 

Some  of  the  abbreviations  *  in  common  use  are. 


R 


R 


R 


R 


R 


R 


R 


IB 


% 


3 


II 


^ 


miiHi 


/  '^ 


1^     « 


^ 

% 


jir 


Column  ^  refers  to  the  abbreviated  forms. 
„       n       „       „     „     regular  „ 

*  Summers  Handbook  of  the  Chinese  language. 


HOW    TO    USE 
A    CHINESE    DICTIONARY. 


We  have  already  pointed  out  how  all  words  are  classified,  either  accord- 
ing to  the  number  of  strokes  necessary  to  form  a  given  character,  or 
according  to  the  Radical  system.  The  latter  is  the  most  generally  employed, 


254 


We  reproduce  herewith  a  page*  showing  the  six  varieties  of  Chinese 
writing,  the  left  hand  column  (VI)  being  the  style  of  characters  employed 
throughout  our  book  and  other  Ciiinese  books  generally. 


2 

0 


B 


13 


^ 


^  > 


^ 


i 


VI 


IV 


>e7 

4 

III 


m 

^ 


A   V 


•A 


5t 

El 
El 


5^ 


/^^ 


V 


B 

Q 
B 
B 


II 


253 

The  student  may  also  be  interested  to  know  that  there  are  some  six 
forms  of  writing  Chinese  characters.  This  it  not  so  strange  when  we  recall 
that  the  English  language  is  written  in  several  forms.  For  we  know  that 
we  have  our  Old  English  Type,  our  Roman  Type,  our  German  Script, 
our  Backhand  Writing,  Shorthand  "Writing,  etc.  For  the  sake  of  brevity 
the  Chinese  in  writing  words  of  many  strokes  simplify  their  writing  by 
abbreviating  it,  i.e.  leaving  out  the  smaller  dots  and  dashes  giving  rise 
to  the  running  hand  or  "grass"  style.  This  is  not  ordinarily  used  in  print- 
ing or  in  printed  works.  It  is  no  easier  for  a  Chinaman  to  decipher  certain 
Chinese  "grass"  writings,  than  it  is  for  us  to  decipher  the  chirography  of 
some  of  our  friends  who  are  careless  in  writing  English. 

The  following  are  the  names  of  the  six  forms  or  styles  of  Chinese 
writing.  The  student  need  not  be  discouraged  by  their  presentation  here- 
with. The  learning  of  any  style  other  than  that  in  column  six  is  a  matter 
of  no  importance    until  the  Book  form  (soong  shii)  has  been  well  mastered. 

^    s""    I    The  fanciful  style  —  this  form  often  found  on  bronze  tablets, 
^   shic    \        porcelains,  cakes  of  ink  etc. 

^    die     1    ^''^    plain    style  —  square    characters    used  for  writing  pre- 
II  '  faces   and    inscriptions    —   formerly   was   used    for  official 


III 


sliii 


purposes. 

f^    ?"!/        Tlie  pattern  style  —  a  model  for  good   writing  —  works  are 
^   shii    ]        sometimes  printed  in  this  form  though  not  usually. 

>fT  hctm  i 
IV  \    A  stiff  form  of  the  running  hand  —  used  often  in   business. 

'^.    shii    I 


(The    free   running  hand  known  as  the  "cho"    or    "grass"   style 
—   it   is  an  abbreviation  of  the  "harn  shu" ;  these  abbre- 
^    shii    [        viations  are  so  varied  according  to  the  whim  of  the  writer, 
]        that  sometimes  an  educated  Chinaman  cannot  read  them. 

Yj   3^  ^oongj    f|^g  elegant  form  —   these  are  the  characters  used   in  print- 
|fe   shii    \       ing  which  was  invented  about  900  A.D. 


252 


RULES  FOR  WRITING  CHINESE  CHARACTERS. 

The  following  rules  may  be  observed  in  the  writing  of  Chinese:*  — 

1.  Be;iia  cither  at  the  top  or  on  the  left-hand  side. 

2.  When  a  perpendicular  or  dash  cuts  a  horizontal  line  ur  one  leg  of  an 
angle,  tlie  latter  are  to  be  written  first,  (cf.  radicals  19,  24,  29,  32,  33, 
41  .  4:i,  &c.) 

3.  An  angle  at  the  top  on  the  right  side  is  made  with  one  stroke,  and 
unless  rad.  4.  or  rad.  2  is  affixed  to  the  left  of  it,  the  angle  is  made  first. 
In  radicals  IS,  19,  26,  29,  39,  44,  49,  105,  124,  129,  178,  183,  it 
is  made  first.  In  radicals  13,  20,  34,  35,  36,  76,  122,  130,  the  angle  is 
made  second. 

4.  An  angle  at  the  bottom  on  the  left  is  also  made  with  one  stroke, 
if  it  be  alone,  or  be  joine  1  to  a  perpendicular  on  the  right,  leaving  the 
top  or  right  side  open,  (cf.  radicals  17,  22,  23,  28,  38,  45,  46,  49,  90, 
206.)  The  characters  in  which  -Sr  (five  strokes)  occurs  are  exceptions  to 
this  rule;  tlie  angle  on  the  left  is  made  first;  then  the  angle  on  the  right; 
the  points,  next;  and  the  horizontal,  last. 

5.  The  angles  '^  and  L-  in  P^  'a  door'  are  made  first  on  each  side 
respectively. 

6.  Horizontal  lines  precede  perpendiculars,  when  these  cross  each  other; 
but  should  the  perpendicular  terminate  with  the  base  line,  then  the  base 
line  is  final. 

7.  In  such  characters  as  the  radicals  42,  85,  77,  141,  197,  204.  211, 
the  perpendiculars    above,  or  in  the  middle  of  the  symbol,  are  made  first. 

8.  In  such  characters  as    p     'mouth'    (rad.    :!0.)    the    perpendicular    on 
the   left    is    to    be  written  first;   and   the  interior  of  such  characters  as    ^ 
'a  kingdom,'     ^    'a  garden,'  is  filled  up  before  the  base  line  is  written. 


251 

Thus  we  see  how  originally  words  were  employed.  Of  course  it  is 
understood  that  it  is  not  a  simple  matter  for  the  student  to  thus  classify 
the  characters ,  nor  is  it  necessary  for  him  to  attempt  to  do  so.  We  have 
given  the  above  illustrations  to  enable  the  student  to  grasp  the  idea  as  to 
Chinese  characters. 

It   is   well    for   the  student  to  know  that  there  are  eight  strokes  used  in 
forming  Chinese  characters. 

(1)  (2)  (3)  (4) 


:k 


I  J 

a  point         a  horizontal  line         a  perpendicular  line  a  hook 

mm  s  ^ 

deem  whart  jick  dee-oo 


(5) 

(6) 

(7) 

(8) 

V^ 

J 

V 

7 

I  spike 

a  sweep 

a  dash 

an  a 

^  /E  ^  ft 

tee-oo  pie  peat  key-oo 

These  eight  strokes  should  be  memorized  together  with  their  names.  The 
Chinese  devote  particular  attention  to  calligraphy  —  so  should  the  serious 
student  of  the  Chinese  language. 


250 

Some  other  metaphorical  character  are 

^      tawng  =  a  linll  is  used  for  MOTHER. 
M      sun  =  the  sun  ascending  for  tranquility. 
^     nut  =  a  house  for  wife. 
^     hun  =  to  raise  for  to  flourish. 
The   next    class   (6th ,  Phonetic)  is  the  class  under  which  most  charac- 
ters   are    found    and    is   called    Phonetic   because,    in    tlie    character   classed 
under  it,  one  part  gives  its  own  sound  to  the  whole  figure,  and  thus  acts 
as   a   symbol    of  sound    merely.   This   part   does   sometimes  convey  also  its 
symbolic  meaning  as  well  as  its  sound.  The  number  of  really  useful  phonetic 
characters  amounts  to  about  one  thousand  and  forty.  These  when  unitcil  to 
the  214  radicals  produce  from  fifteen  to  twenty  thousand  derivatives. 
Class  6.  Phonetic. 

py    kay  =  one's  self  —  this  character  is  the  common  part  of  tlie  follow- 
ing words  all  of  which  are  pronounced  kay. 

bB   kay  ^  remember,  being  a  combination  of  "self"  and  "words". 

]^   kay  =  to  fear,  „      ,,  „  „    "self"  and  "heart". 

^   kay  =  to  record,       „      „  „  „    "self"  and  ''silk"  (knotted 

silk  originally  used  to  record  events). 

~^  fawng  =  a  square  —  this  character  is  the  common  part  of  the  follow- 
ing words  all  of  which  are  pronounced  fawng. 
gfe   /"aaingf  ^  to  enquire,  being  a  combination  of    "a  square"  and  "words". 
j^   fawng  ^  to  set  free,    „     „  „  „     "a  square."  and  "a  blow". 

4^r«u,ng=}'^j;;^;;^g«'-}    „     „  ,  „     "asquare"  and  "earth". 

^   ^auwg  =  a  room,         „     „  „  „    "a  square"  and  "a  dwelling". 

"dt  kwoo  =  ancient  —  this  character  is  the  common  part  of  the  following 
words  each  one  of  which  is  pronounced  kwoo. 

ffl  fcwoo  =  firm,  constant,  being  a  combination  of  "ancient"  and  "an  en- 
closure". 

*J  fcitioo  =  matron ,  lady ,  being  a  combination  of  "ancient"  and  "woman". 


249 


Some  other  ideographics  are 


^E  pie   (two  bands)  =  "to  salute"   —  the  Chinese  clasp  their  hands 
together  in  salutation  — •  also  means  "to  visit". 

'I^fil     sut  =  (heart  and  blood)  pity. 

^  l/ea  =  (roof,  man  and  dark)  night. 

The  next  class  (4th,  Antithetic)  shows  by  the  inversion  of  the  figures, 
the  antithetic  significations  which  are  attached  to  them.  These  inversions 
are  however  not  so  apparent  in  the  modern  character  as  in  the  ancient 
hieroglyphics;  wherever  the  original  elements  of  a  compound  are  sought 
for,  the  ancient  form  must  be  consulted. 

Class  4.  Antithetic. 


Ancient  form 


(^    ^ 


ii 


88 


l^F 


Meaning  right  hand  left  hand    to  cut  off  to  continue  body  body  turned 

Modern  form  ;^  yfc  Iff  H  #        ^ 

Pronunciation         yow  jaw  dim  high  sun         yun 

(phonetic) 

The  next  class  (5th,  Metaphorical)  is  more  numerous  than  the  prece- 
ding, as  well  as  more  important.  All  particles  and  proper  names  are 
included  under  this  class. 

Class  5.  Metaphorical. 


Ancient  form 


^  0\  Q  fn\  4^  ^ 


Meaning  mind       character  to  imprison  peace  the  world  ancient 

Modern    form  j^^^^^         ^'2)          ^(3)  ^(4)         ^(5)  .^(6) 

Pronunciation  some             chee              chow  orn           sigh  kwoo 
(phonetic) 


1  =  this  is  the  common  word  for  heart  —  used  as  in  English;  mind,  disposition. 

2  =  a  child  under  a  roof,  meaninR  properly  to  produce,  but  commonly  a  character. 

3  =  a  man  in  an  enclosure  —  in  prison,  to  impkison. 

4  =  a  woman  under  a  roof  sitting  quiet  at  home,  PEiCE  —  teakquilitt. 

5  —  the  figures  for  ten  —  thirty  years,  a  generation,  this  generation  the  woeld. 

6  =  ten  and  mouth  —  through  ten  generations  —  ancient. 


248 

The    second    (Sitjnificalit'e)    class    includes    those   which   indicate  the  mea- 
ning by  their  very  form  or  composition. 


Ch 

X89    2. 

Significati 

ve. 

Ancient  form 

© 

^ 

• 

• 

\h 

Meaning 

ilawn 

evening 

above 

below 

middle 

Modern  form 

H' 

h 

T 

^ 

Pronunciation 
(phonetic) 

dam 

jivk 

say-ung 

har 

cinnig 

Some  otlier  significatives  are 

ilj      jick  =  a  plant  springing  from  the  ground ;  to  come  out  — 

the  common  cliaracter  for  tiiis  is    Mj      cli\<t  =  to  go  out. 
;^    boon  =  a  root,  hence  ".\  BEGINNING". 

p{    tjiit  —   something  in  the  mouth ,  hence  "to  say". 

The  next  class  (3rd,  Ideographic)  includes  those  which  are   formed    by 
the  union  of  two  figures  belonging  to  class  1  ,  ami  which  together  give  rise 
to  an  idea,  sometimes  of  an  abstraction,  sometimes  the  name  of  a  real  thing. 
Classe  3.  Ideographic. 


Ancient  form 


^  /A  i^^  ^   ±    /T/t 


Meaning         brightness     ( 

)bstruction 

forest 

to  see 

to  sit 

fo  follow 

Modern  form          Ij^  '"' 

m'' 

# 

^''' 

^(6) 

^<^* 

Pronunciation       mun 
(phonetic) 

ham 

luin 

keen 

chaw 

choong 

1  =  the  sun  above  the  horizon.  2  =  the  moon  beginning  to  appear. 

3  =  gun  and  moon  together,  suggesting  idea  of  biiightkess. 

4  =  a  tree  in  a  doorway,  „  „     „   obstbuction. 

5  =  a  man  with  a  large  eye,       „  „     „    seeing. 

6  =  two  men  on  the  ground,       ,,  „     „   sittiko. 

7  =  two  null  following,  „  „      ,.   following. 


24  T 

HOW    TO    WRITE    CHINESE. 

The  writing  of  Chinese  characters  is  one  of  the  most  fascinating  accom- 
plishments one  could  imagine.  With  the  detail  well  grasped  it  is  not  quite 
so  difficult  as  it  would  appear.  Moreover  it  possesses  a  great  advantage  in 
that  it  provides  mental  gymnastics  quite  unequalled  by  the  learning  of  any 
other  foreign  language  known  to  us,  and  puts  iu  our  possession  a  written 
language  comprehended  by  almost  one  third  of  the  world's  inhabitants. 
Although  there  are  said  to  be  some  forty  thousand  words  in  the  Chinese 
native  dictionary ,  scarcely  more  than  ten  thousand  of  these  words  are  used , 
even  by  savants,  so  that  if  one  know  three  or  four  thousand  Chinese 
characters,  one  will  have  quite  a  working  number  of  words  in  one's  voca- 
bulaiy.  We  have  already  spoken  on  page  1 ,  about  the  formation  of  words 
by  strokes  and  their  classification  under  214  Radicals.  Before  giviug  the 
rules  for  writing  Chinese  characters,  we  will  attempt  to  give  a  brief  sketch 
of  the  symbols  employed  to  express  the  sounds  and  syllables  of  this  lan- 
guage. Chinese  characters  may  be  divided  into,*  First,  Hieroglyphic;  Second, 
Significative;  Third,  Ideographic;  Fourth,  Antithetic;  Fifth,  Metaphorical; 
Sixth  Phonetic; 

The  following  are  illustrative. 

Class   1.  Hieroglyphic. 

Ancient  forn,     0      J)       ^^  CE)     ^  ^  ^     ^^     ^ 

Meaning         sun       moon  mountain    eye     child  horse     fish     tree       teeth 

Modern  form  g  ^  ^|  ^        ^       M        M        ^^       M 

Pronunciation       yot  yiit         sarn        inook     gee       mar       zye     mook      chee 

(phonetic) 

Some  of  the  other  hieroglyphics  are 
~J"  dun  =  a  nail    ^    kun  =  a  bow    ^  jun  =  a  well   ^    or 

1(1    chiin  =  a  stream    □    how  =  a  mouth   ,ti\   for  =  fire  y   soo-e  =  water. 


SFxrrioN  IV'. 


245 

^^  I  Imperatii-e    particle    employed    whoii    change    of  place    is  coii- 

(1)  ^  la 

\  templated. 

(2)  [IwiJ  la         Same  as  above  except  that  it  adds  more  ivlensiiy  to  the  direction. 

(3)  P^  kay      Particle   denoting  possession  or  the  possessive  case. 

(4)  RS|  laio      Responsive  particle  or  that  used  in   answering  questions. 

„  (  Same  as  above  except  that  it  deuote.s  more  infensify,  earnestness 

(5)  H^  lore  .         . 

'  or  indubitableness. 


Almost  always  an  inlerrngative  particle:  it  is  very  rarely  used 

as  responsive;  it  is  employed  when  the  question  is   finished. 
(7)  iW  are      Same  as  above  except  that  it  is  rather   more  intense. 

Same    as   the  two   preceding,   except  that  it  is  very  intense  or 

utiqtiaiijied. 
(9)  PH  lay       An   ajfii'mativc  particle. 

Also    an    affirmative    particle,    though   more   intense   than    the 


(6)  ^  nay 


(8)  pY    are 


(10)  P|l|  lay 

\  preceding 

1  Tliis    particle   is    not   so    very    frequently  in   use;  generally  it 

(11)  p3fe  may  \  is    ivterroiiatioe,    though    occasionally    it    is  responsive:   it  often 

conveys  an   idea  of  disapprohation. 

(12)  P^  jet     I  Restrictive  particles  often  used   with   that  idea  iu  answers,  and 

(13)  P|};  (jee  '  very  rarely  in  questions:  tlie  characters  are  similar  as  to  meaning. 
A  particle  conveying  the  idea  of  doubt;  used  in  answer  to 
questions  as   well  as  iu   direct  propositious. 

A    desiderating    particle,    most    usually    employed  in   questions, 

(15)  B^  eye     .  and    where   it   is   intended    to    convey    desire    on    the   part   of 

f  the  speaker. 

(16)  P^  bore  I  Admonishing  or  directing  particles   —   not  however  so  intense: 

(17)  B0f  ore    '  in   the  idea  as  a  command. 

(18)  RM  mar     An  interrogative  particle. 


(14)  Pll 


iitiar 


f  'I 


(4)  and  (16)  are  sometimes  employed  together. 


20 


244 


To  labor  for  wages 

tr  <//'<"•     I  — 
T  koovg    )  Work 

To  row  (a  boat). 
tX  dfior     I  — 
^ffi  jay-uiiff}  Row 

To  wheel  about. 

|^/ar;i  Rtturu 

^  (7aiy  Wheel  ' 
To  turn  about  madly. 
^JT"  (fhar  — 
^  </(i>ie  Upset 
■^j  cloup/i       Invert 

To  wedge  in. 
:}X  ^''C'     j  ~ 
^  (/eem     )  Wedge 
To  make  an  obeisance. 

;gt  /.oon*;    I  To  bow 


To  go  fisbing. 
tr  (lf<ar      j  - 
H  y«         !  Fish 

To  tbresh. 

tr  dhar     1  - 
tt;  wnr       I  Grain 

To  go  banting. 

tJ"  iikar      I  - 
|§  leep        j  Hunt 

To  go  tiger  banting. 

tf  rfAar        - 
^  Zo  Old 

jl^  /oo  Tiger 

To  sboot  birds. 

^7  dhar         — 

^  /ay-Hci    A   magpie 

,^  ?iee-oo     Bird 


To  throw  slang  shots. 


tr  (Mar 

^/«y 

Fly 

The  weight 

^  <ore 

on  a  steel 

yard 

To  commit  highway  robbery. 

tr  rf/'«r 

— 

:4'j  f^^^P 

Rob 

To  commit  burglary,  to 
surprise  villages. 

^  dhar         — 
^  mun         Open 
^  /ore         Fire 

To  commit  highway  robbery. 
^  dhar        — 
^  kay-orck  Foot 
*^  (;«o<         Bone 


PARTICLES. 

The  following  list  of  particles  is  employed  in  the  vernacular  dialect  of 
Canton ;  they  are  untranslatable,  are  never  found  at  the  beginning  of  an 
expression,  very  seldom  in  the  middle  of  it,  but  most  generally  at  the  end 
of  a  sentence.  They  are  called  ^j  ^  lay  yum,  tongue  sounds,  because  they 
'use  up'  with  ease  to  the  speaker  the  sound  which  is  on  his  tongue  after 
the  enunciation  of  the  last  word  of  a  phrase.  They  serve,  too,  to  add  force 
to  the  expression  of  the  speaker,  and  often  give  a  direction  to  his  meaning, 
and  hence  are  to  be  employed  with  discrimination.  They  also,  uniutentionally, 
add  a  musical  tone  to  the  spoken  language  where  it  might  otherwise  sound 
less  euphonious.  Chinese  when  properly  spoken  is  musical.  A  proper  knowledge 
of   which   particle   to  employ   is   arrived   at  only  after  considerable  practice. 


243 


To  invade  a  territory. 
^  dhar         — 
j^  day  Ground 

>^  fawng     Square 

To  gain  a  victory. 
:J=X  dhar     \  — 
^  yen        \  Victory 

To  suffer  defeat. 

^1)  shu       )  Defeat 
To  suffer  defeat. 

:}X  d^^ar      I  — 
^  buy  Defeat 

To  box. 
^  dka7-  I  — 
^^  kun       \  Fist 

The  boxing  master. 

^^  gow         Teach 
^  dhar         — 
0i5  see 


Master 


To  cane  one. 

^  dhar         — 
li^  quone    )  Stick 

To  discbarge  a  gun. 

tX  '/^'«»-    I  — 

j|;-g  ;90M>       I  Gun 


To  strike  one  until  the 
blood  runs  out. 

^  dhar        — 

pj  c/m<         Out 

ifll  hill  Blood 

To  whip  one. 
^  i(?a«  I  Whip 
^  dhar     j  — 

To  bill  one. 

:JX  ^^'a»'     j  — 
^  see         I  Die 

To  kill  one. 

:fX  '^'""'      — 

^  see  Die 

^  J/U7J         Man 
■^  7n«n         Life 

To  strike  one  another. 
i^  say-ung\  Together 
^  dhar      j  — 
To  fight. 

^  grow         Intercourse 

To  fight  (civil  war). 
^  dhar        — 
1^  5"""  Household 

"j^  /ore         Arms 

To  fight  (general  war). 
tX  dhar       [  - 

Shapp 


Unable  to  fight  him. 

P§-  ung  Not 

"^  ^ow         Enough  I 


'^chay-ung\ 


weapon 


fg  Ao-e 

He 

tX  dhar        -            ] 

Not  hit  it. 

tX  ''/'a*-         - 

(!§•  ung          Not 

-^j  rfoJt^'A      Reach 

A  slap  of  the  band. 

tX  dhar        —        ] 

— •  yot          One     f 

G,  bar         Blow 

^  c/jay-M?i^  Palm 

To  flog  one  until  it  leaves 

marks. 

tX  dhar        —               \ 

^  dough 

Sign   of    i 
past  tense  f 

^  c?OMgr/j 

Many         / 

1 

f^  <ee-oo       (cl)            1 

^  hun           Mark          j 

To  box  ones  mouth. 

fX  rrtar         - 

[^  je!^-e       Mouth 

e,  6«r 

Blow 

242 


Boisterous  weather. 

JH_  f.winj        Wiud 
;^  pool:        Stormy 

To  feel  the  poise. 

tJ"  ilhar     I  - 
^jj^  iiiul       \  Pulse 

To  paint  ones  face. 

^  /«H       j  Powder 
To  paint  ones  face. 

tT  dhar     i  — 
^  weaji     \  Face 

To  strike  somebody. 

/\  y!(H       I  Man 
To  strike. 
^  ow        )  To  beat 

To 
tX  '/Anr 


hurt. 


Wound 


To  strike  so  as  to  cause 
a  swelling. 

tX  df'dr     I  - 

^g  choong  I  Swelling 


To  play  a  comedy. 

:JX  <'/'<"■        — 

^  I'ar  (cl) 

^  /«7y  Theatre  ^ 

To  forge  (a  document). 

:JX  <'/*«''        —  1 

Unfair  ( 
lawless  I 

^-  sow  Hand 


wahn 


To  engage  or  induce  by 
presents. 


^  dhar         — 

'  To  hatch 
artificially 
■^  jow  Hand 


]!«§  hoo-e 


chawng 


A  pilferer,  a  thief. 

:JX  «^^«''        — 
Q  bart         White 

Meet  acci- 
dentally 

To  live  like  a  parasite. 

^  dhar        — 
■^  /arn         Rice 
4^  charn       Meal 


A  beggar. 

tX  t^Ao'-        — 
^J\  chow        Autumu 
^  /oonjr      Wind 


To  cleanse  cotton. 

i^  mean       Cotton 
^  far         Flower 

A  blacksmith. 

tx  <//""•   i  - 


Goug 
Drum 


Iron 
To  ring  the  bell. 

^J  dhar         — 
^g  choonrj     Bell 

To  beat  the  gong 

To  play  at  cards 
^  f/Aar        — 
^  ^ee  Paper 

j{^  pip  Card     ] 

To  play  at  cards. 

tx  ^^<"-      — 

^  ^ane         Heaven 
yL  ^010  Nine 

To  perform  mass. 
^  dhar      I  — 
^  chee-oo     A   mass 

To  perform  mass. 

:JX  '^^«''     I  — 
^  jeye      \  A  fast 


241 


To  strike  flre. 
:|*J*  dhar        — 
jj\^  fore         Fire 

To  strike  flre. 
^y  dha 


'lar 


SigQ  of  tlief 
infinitive 
ore       Fire 


^  jay-uck 

To  extinguish  flre. 


'Xf' 


vwoo 
vre 


Dark 
Fire 


A  stone  cutter. 

^J  dhar  — 

^  set  Stone 

K    yun  Man 

A  master  silversmith. 

"^  dhar  — 

^  ngun  Silver 

^rR  ««« 


Instructor 


To  turn  over  things. 
^y  dhar     I  — 
^  j('Hi  To  turn 

To  level. 

^7"  dhar      I  — 
~f~"  p»>i  Even 

To  sink  a  ship. 

^y  dhar  —  \ 
^^  chum  Sink  | 
^  «M7!  Ship  I 

To  take  off  ones  clothing. 

^  chet         Flesh  color! 
f  Ij  look 


To  make  a  silver  ring  for 
the  neck. 

^^  dhar  — 

■^  _;a<e  (cl) 

^^  r!_<7UH  Silver 

^  /«i?i  Circle 


To  take 
off  clothes 


To  open  door. 

^y  dhar         — 
f^  hoy  Open 

P^  moon       Door 

To  apply  a  plaster  or 
ointment. 

^  dhar         — 

'^  ko  Ointment 

^  ye-orck    Medicine 

To  draw  water. 


i^  dhar 
^  soo-e 


Water 


To  go  to  the  market. 
iff  dhar      )  - 
"fjj   see  Market 

To  come  by  a  sedan  chair. 

^^  kee-oo     Sedan  chair  J 

^  lo-e         Come  | 

To  gape,  to  yawn. 

^y  dhar         — 
P^  my  Cry 

^  /o  Dew 

To  sneeze. 
:fy  dhar         — 
P^  hut 

To  break. 

f^  /(/»'?;         Break 
To  smash. 

^  soo-e     j  Fragments 

To  split,  to  open  by  force. 

ify  dhar     I  — 

1^  paw      I  To  rend 
To  break  like  grass. 

'^  dhar      1  — 

To   fall    in 
ruins 


Sneeze  f 


B  ^"" 


f  =  phonetic. 


240 


To  sole  shoes. 

To  dispatch. 

To  move. 

tJ-  dhar        -        j 

tX  <//iar      1  — 

tr  '//""■  )  — 

^  high         Shoe 

f^  /ar<       1  Emit 

1 
1^   dung      1  Move 

^  chay-ung  Palm 

To  pay  the  cost  of  a  law  suit 

To  spy  out. 

To  make  the  bed. 

■^  dhar        — 

^  c//i«r      1  — 

^  po            Store 
^  goy          Cover 

yj  chut    Out 

^  vgun        Silver 
To  calculate,  to  reckon. 

^  /arm     )  Spy  out 
To  mend. 

To  bind  a  book. 

tT  dhar         — 

tr  <^^ar      )  — 

^  dhar        —       J 

^  sun        1  An  account 

^  c/iM«      1  Make 

^  shil          Book 

To  have  come  to  a  resolution. 

To  cheat,  to  practice  usury 

^  po^          Skin    1 

tr  dhar       — 

tT  <^/'«r       — 

To  sew  on  a  button. 

^  dun          Decide  f 
4^  c//«e         Dwell 

^  /oo           Axe 
fli  «ow         Head 

:}2:  "ow     1  Button 

To  make  a  buttonhole. 
tr  dhar        —          j 
$fl-  »io(P         Button 
^  ^e            Ear 

^  ye             Miud 
To  manage. 

^  /aj/        1  Manage 
To  summon  one. 

To  sleep  on  the  ground 

fy  dhar        — 
j^  day         Ground 
^1  po           Shop 

. 

To  fix  the  price. 

tT  <^/'ar        — 

To  lean  upon. 

fy  dhar     ]  - 

Jg  9uoo7i      Officer 

fj"  dhar       ]  — 

^  aar        1  Price 

j^  /oo          Prefecture  ] 

'.^chay-ung^  To    prop 

To  make  a  button  (i.  e.) 

To  summon  one. 

To  reward. 

knot  on  thread, 
tr  dhar         —       j 
tJ  ko             (cl) 

tr  dhar        — 

^  ^uoon       Officer 

^  see           Manage       1 

^  dhar      )  — 

'^  say-ung    Reward 

J^  A-(>('<          Kuot 

To  force  one  to  write  an 

To  save  (rescue)  one. 

To  purchase  rice. 

order  for  money. 

:}f  J/wr      [  — 

Tjt  "ly        1  Rice 

tJ  dhar         - 
H  darn      ]  A   bill 

.                  j  Save    or 
deliver 

239 


To  bring  together. 
^  neem        Bring 
^^  clieye       Orderly 
^  lo-e         - 

To  obtain  by  purchase. 

~  Buy 

Sign  of 
past  teuse 
^  lo-e         - 


>}y 


m. 


f^  dut 


(K)    EXAMPLES  OF 

THE  USE  OF  THE 

VERB  tJ-  DHAR. 

To  strike,  to  beat. 
"Jf^  dhar 

To  grit  the  teeth. 
:J7'  f'/ia*"        ■ — 


chee 
n-git 


Tooth 
To  bite 


To  dress. 

tr  d^^ar      I  — 
j^  barn         Dress 

To  plait  the  cue. 

p^  heart      j  To  plait 
To  walk,  to  come  by  land. 

:JT  dhar        — 
^  lo  Road 

^  lo-e         Come 


To  fall  down. 

^  date        Fall  down 

^  /ori-         Down 

^  lo-e 

To  sail  to. 

.^  sip/j         Sail 

;t||  my  Close  to 

^  /o-e  - 

To  have  things  ready. 

^^  (■/«</;        Make 

^^  f/M?i  Secure 

^  lo-e         - 

To  press,  to  constrain, 
to  hurry. 

j-g  ciiew-e 

strain 

^  c/i(?e         Dwell 

^  lo-e  - 

To  examine  thoroughly. 

g  cAar         Examine 

HL  ;'m  True 

^  /o-e  - 

To  light  it  up. 

|j^  deem       To  light 

■  ^  I  Sign  of  the 

^^  jay-uck 


infinitive 
^  lo-e         - 

To  calculate. 
^  dhar        Strike 
S  sun  Reckon 


'pjj   dough 


To  send  a  letter. 
^y  17a!/  Send 

1p 


]p  «u»  Letter 

^  /o-<J  -         ) 

To  reach  or  obtain  by  pursuit, 
j^  jew-e        Pursue 
^IJ  dough       Reach 
^  lo-e  - 

To  have  obtained  by  robbery. 
;pB"  chay-ung  Rob 

Sign   of 
past  tense 
^  lo-e  - 

To  put  things  aright. 
^  t/m/i  Calculate 
TF  jun  Right 

^  Zo-e  - 

To  put  things  in  wrongly. 
^Sg  chawng   Dress 
^g  c/ior        Wrongly 
:^  lo-e         - 

To  set  things  loosely. 
iSy  ««»•<         Scatter 

Odds  and 
ends 
^  lo-e  - 

To  divide,  to  separate. 
^  fun  A  part 

If^   hoy  Open 


^ 


238 


To  come  ap. 
fX  harn        Walk 
_t.  say-imp  Up 
^  lo-e 

To  come  down. 
~J\  liar  Down 

•J"  /'oo-e       Go 
^  lo-e  - 

To  move  inside. 
^  boon        Move 

i  Inside  or 

Ay";*     )     , 

I  enter 
^  /o-e  - 

To  bring  ont. 
Jf^  law  Brin 

pj  c/iH^         Out 
^  lo-e         - 

To  call  him. 

R4  %-oo     Call 

'[^  ^o-e         Him 

^  /o-«  - 

To  follow  me,  to  come 
with  one. 

^  kun  Follow 

^g  n(jaw  Me 

^  /o-e  - 

To  send  a  man. 

"^  sign  Seiul 

^  »/«n  Man    ■ 

^  ^o-e  - 


To  be  in  a  harry. 


Pursue 


Urgent 


-e  — 


4j  korn 

To  put  on  one  side. 
^  fawng      Put 
'(pj]  j«<  Asiile 

%  lo-e  - 

To  place  it  erect. 
1^  rfujigr       Act 
-^  Aat/  Stand  erectl 

To  hold  it  fast. 
jg>ar  Hold 

'^  c/iee         Dwell 
^  lo-e         - 

I     To  sit  down  safely,  to  be 
firmly  seated. 

^  chaw       Sit 

j  %M.  "'""  Safely 

^  /o-e  - 

To  run. 

i   ^  chow  Run  1 

^  /mi,'  Up 

^  /o-e  - 

To  turn  things  over. 

j    ^^farn         Turu 

Turn  a 
^  f/(«n 

(  rouud 

^  /o-e  - 


To  carry. 
;}q2  kiwng  I  Carry 
^  /o-e       j  - 
To  sail. 
'^  «/<//(       (  Sail 
^  lo-e       \  - 

To  awake. 
^  «un        I  Awake 

M  lo-e       I  - 
To  contain,  to  store. 

^  jo-e  I  Store 

^  /o-e  j  - 

To  gallop. 

^  pow  I  Race 

^  /c-e  I  - 

Phrases  shewing  the 
use  of  verbs  ending 

IN     ^. 

To  write  nicely. 
!^  jat/  Write 

^  /io  Good 

^  /o-<?  - 

To  consider  thoroughly. 
^  say-nng  Think 
ja  chun  True 
^  /o-e  - 
To  come  at  this  time. 
At  the  j 
time  of  f 
'1^  Jie  Quick      I 

^  lo-e  - 


^^    c7(M)( 


237 


To  return. 

^  farn      j  Return 

To  come,  to  approach. 
i^  ham      )  Walk 
^  lo-e       )  - 

To  come  down. 
>^  lork         Descend 
^  lo-e       j  - 

To  rise. 
^E  hay        1  Rise 
^  lo-e       I  - 

To  run. 
^  cAow     )  Run 
^  lo-e       I  - 

To  pursue. 

^  (/or«      1  Pursue 

^  lo-e       \  - 

To  buy  on  credit. 

R^  ««^       I  Credit 
^  /o-e       )  - 

To  make  money  in  trade. 

li,  i"'-"  I  Profit 

^  lo-e       )  - 

To  make  presents,  to 
bring  with. 

5^  sooii(]    I  Accompany 

^  lo-e         - 


To  meditate. 
^^  say-ung]  Think 

To  purchase. 
^  m)/  i  Buy 
^  io-e       j  - 

To  pole  (a  boat). 

The  palm 


To  copy. 
^  choio        Copy 
^  lo-e       I  - 

To  bring, 
ij^  »ic«/n        Take 
^  /o-e       i  - 

To  carry  on  a  pole  across 
the  shoulder. 


m- 


chaij-ung\ 


of  the  hand 


:^lo-e 

To  invite, 

grn  c/ran  I  Itivite 

^  lo-e  \  - 

To  bring. 

^  (/te  )  Carry 

^  lo-e  I  - 

To  send  (to  have  received). 
^  Aay  Send 

^  /o-«        j  - 

To  ascend. 
_t.  say-ung\  Up 
^  /o-e        j  - 

To  descend. 
~[i[  har        I  Down 
^  /o-e       i  - 

To  come  forth  or  out. 
yj  chut      \  Out 


i]3   darm 


Carry 


To  carry  between  two. 
j(^  to-e  Carry 

^  /o-e       I  - 
To  row. 
:^  jow       j  Row 
^  ;o-e       I  - 
To  seize. 


^  ?ook 


Seize 


To  pluck. 

-fi^  /'^'■'       j  Pluck 
^  /o-e        I  - 

To  fetch,  to  get. 

To  drag  along. 
^  law        I  Drag 


e  — 


28 


236 


To  clasp. 
^  geep      \  Clasp 

^    W!/  1    — 

To  roll  np. 
^  kirn  i  Roll 
^my         I  — 

To  lean  apon. 
:^  fye        I  Leau 
;^  mi/        I  — 
To  nnite. 
^  /i7ri       I  Join 
^my         I  — 

To  get  the  whole. 
^  rfou7      I  Seize 

^  ">y      \  — 

To  collect  together. 


Inn 


pool 


To    set     to 


rights 

To  obtain  by  theft. 
f]^  tow        I  Steal 
^  my         )  — 

(./)  VERBS  ENDING 


IN   ^. 


^  lo-e 


To  come,    to  go 
I  towards,  to  induce, 
.  sometimes  used  to 

^ipress  the  imper- 
ative mood. 

To  write. 


^1  -'oy 


Write 


To  encroacb. 

I  A     rule    of 
force 

m  '"y     !  - 

To  hide  away. 
^  door      I  Hide 
Jg  my         \  — 

To  run  away. 
^   chow      I  Run 

M  '"y     i  -" 

To  put  in  together. 
^  /reen       )  Put 

JH    W)t/  '    — 

To  grasp. 
j^jar        j  Grasp 
j^my        I  — 

To  contract,  to  shrink, 
to  caddie  np. 

m  sook      ]  Shrink 

Mmij     I  - 

To  live  with. 
j^  chee       I  Live 
•il  mi;         I  — 

To  put  things  in  their 
proper  place. 

^  tick       \  Arrange 

M.  "'y     \  ~~ 

To  put  in. 
7^  yop       I  Enter 

M  '"y 


To  shore  up. 

^chay-ung]  To  brace 

^my           )  — 

To  lean  upon. 

^  tun           Lean 

j^  my         \  — 

To  call  together,  to 

assemble. 

H^  key-oo 

Call 

^my 

— 

To  get  the  whole. 

%  clut        )  Get 

M.  '«y     i  — 

To  conceal. 

|§^  f/tow     1  Hide 

S  '"y        j  — 

To  anchor. 

^^               1  An  anchor- 
j^  wham  \ 

age 

S  »'y         — 

To  sweep. 

^  «o          1  Sweep 

ig  '"«/        1  — 

To  wait  together. 

^  dun       \  Wait 

^  '"^         \  — 

To  gather. 

^  hem      ]  Gather 

JM  '".'/ 

)- 

235 


Together  with. 
[^  toonff  I  With 
Jg  my         ]  — 

To  pat  away. 
:f||  bar        j  Put 
^  my         )  — 

To  mix  with. 
:|^  ko-e      )  Mix 
^1  my         I  — 

To  pat  close. 
:}^  part       I  Put 
ig  ?«2/        )  — 
To  fJQish. 

jg;  <'/w      I  Do 

;^  wy        )  — 

To  press  upon. 
jS  big         j  Press 

^  »'y      )  — 

To  give  ap,  to  yield. 
^^yea-unpl  Yield 

M  >"2/       \  — 
To  gain  all. 

li,  i'"""  1  Profit 

j^  my  I  — 

To  save  (to  leave  over). 

^Ij  «wi  /  Save 

m  »'ii    I  - 

To  grasp. 
1^  iiarm       Grasp 
J§l  ??)y  — - 


To  tie  op. 
^  hawng  Tie 
^  my         I  — 

To  carry  aside. 
4i^  <oe-e      j  Tie 
^my         \  — 

To  heap  up. 
is^  ?(«o-e     i  Heap 

S  '"2/       !  — 

To  posh  aside. 
^  hoo-g       Push 
^my        )  — 

To  give  all. 
^^  /wy       /  Give 
^  my         I  - 
To  keep. 
•fil  A-i^/A      1  Keep 
^my         I  — 

To  join  together. 
•^  Ao/>  Joiu 

^  '«y        )  — 
To  close. 
j^  chay      I  Close 

M.  >"y      )  — 

To  put  aside. 

^  »iy        j  — 
To  fold  up. 


To  put  away. 

-T^'«^-oo    1  Put  away 
;^  my         j  — 
I  To  store  away,  to   preserve. 
]\%  sow        I  Collect 

To  preserve. 
^  chin       I  To   lay  by 
i^  my  I  — 

To  store  up. 

1^  f/jee  Store  up 

j^  my  — 

To  accumulate. 

^  cAzci      I  Collect 

^  my  1  — 

To  twist. 

^^  cozo        I  To  twist 

ig  my  )  — 

To  connect  with,  to  string 
together. 

^   (■/((()(         Connect 

ig  my         ]  — 

To  force  one  into  one's  plan; 
to  leave  no  way  of  escape. 

Ruu    after 

or  pursue 

ig  my         I  — 

To  collect  into  one,  to  make 
one  lump  of  it. 

m  tihi        I  Lump 

M  '»y      \  — 


te  k 


corn 


234 


To  mi  ap. 
^  tin  I  Fill 

^  "-y       \  - 

To  pick  np. 
^  jiip        I  Pick  up 

M  >"y      \  — 

To  get  aside. 
fj  harn       \  Walk 

^  »>y       \  — 

To  stand  aside. 
^  ^oy        /  Stand 
^  '"y        i  — 
To  sit  by. 
^  chaw      \  Sit 
^  my         I  — 

To  sleep  with  or  close  to. 
^J  fun        I  Sleep 

M  ">y      \  — 

To  pull  away. 

^  Inr         I  Drag 
^  my         \  — 

To  wrap  ap. 
^  boic        I  Wrap 


To  take  away. 
f^  neem      j  Take 


{H)  VERBS  ENDING 

IN  m 


To  race. 


^  "'i^ 


To  bury,  to  harbor, 
to  come  Doar,  to 
1  approach  to,  to  lay 
by,  to  conceal,  to 
secrete,  to  cover,  to 
connect  with,  aside, 
in,  to,  with 


1^  ."<'«' 


To  abbreviate,  to  curtail. 
To  take  a 
I  pinch,  a  little 
M  my  \  — 

To  shut  np. 
^  sarn       \  To   bolt 
^  my        \  — 
To  close, 
t^  y?em      i  Close 
M.  '"y       \  - 

To  put  up,  to  lay  by. 
Jt  say-wiy]  Up 
i^  my         I  — 

To  bar,  to  lock  op. 
^  quarn     1  Lock 
M.  my        \  — 
To  mix. 

^  lo  \  Mix 

^  '"y       I  — 

To  mix,  to  throw  into 
confusion. 

J^  hwun     I  Mix 

S  my  I  — 


^  pow         Gallop 
^  hoo-e     \  — 

To  ascend. 

_t  say-ung\  Up 
•^  /loo-e     I  — 

To  carry  away. 
;|^0  dann     |  Carry  away 

To  return,  to  go  away  from. 

1^  farn      \  Back 
■^  hoo-e     I  — 


To  deduct. 
I  Deduct 


-^  hoo-e     I  — 

To  send  to,  to  accompany  one. 

1  Send   to, 
'  accompany 
-^  Aoo-e     I  — 

To  draw,  to  drag. 

^  tore       I  Drag 
■^  hoo-e     ]  — 

To  abscond. 

j^  <orfi        J  Abscond 
•^  hoo-e     J  — 


233 


To  dismiss,  to  degrade. 
^p  (jarl         Dismiss 
-^  hoo-e     \  — 

To  pursue. 

ja  jo-e  Pursue 

■2^  hoo-e        — 

To  snatch  away. 
J^  chay-ung\  Suatch 
■^  hoo-e       \  — 

To  carry  away. 

^j5  neem        Carry 
-^  hoo-e        — 

To  take  to. 

To  hold  tight 


^K.  nar 


-^  hoo-e 


by  haud 


Stolen, 
fuij  tow        \  Steal 


■^  hoo-e 

To  break  op. 
^  charl        Break 
•^  hoo-c        — 

To  call  away. 

114  %-oo    )  Call 
■^  hoo-e      \  — 

To  move  to. 
^g  clieen        Move 
■^  hoo-e     ]  — 


I  To  send  off. 

■^  kay         I  Send 
-^  hoo-e     I  — 

To  rob. 
iP  ^^e/)         Rob 
■^  /ioo-e        — 

To  run  away. 
^  jow        I  Rua 

To  pack  up. 
^  /aiw^jr    i  Pack  up 

To  forward,  to  advance. 
gg  c/i«e«     j  Forward 
-^  Aoo-e     I  — 

To  arrest. 
|1£  ioo^'  Arrest 

To  be  invited. 
gpg  c/iu«      J  Bid 
■^  Aoo-e     J  — 

To  destroy. 
^  yj«         I  Destroy 

■^   /iOO-C  — 

To  carry  on  the  back. 

Carry  ou  the 
back 


To  wipe. 
Jj^  mood        Wipe 
•^  /ioo-e     I  — 

To  clean  off. 
|||g  peat       I  Clean 
I  ■5*  /'oo-e     I  — 
To  dig  out. 
^  hwat      ]  Dig 
■^  hoo-e     1  — 

To  follow. 
^  i-joi        I  Follow 
■^  hoo-e     j  — 

To  depart. 
^  /iarn      /  Walk 
■J-  hoo-e        — 

To  contain. 
^  jew-e     I  Contain 
■^  /(oo-e        — 

To  pass  over. 
)^  quore     I  Pass 
■J-  /(oo-e     I  — 
To  carry. 
:p2  kawng   j  Carry 
■J"  /'oo-e     j  — 

To  let  go. 
^  fawiig      To  let  go 
•^  hoo-e     I  — 

To  take  away. 
^  ^-ee^      I  To  take  away 
-^  hoo-e    \  — 


232 


^.  fo'-k 


To  carry  on  the  shoulder. 

Carry    on 
shoulder 
•^  hoo-e     I  — 

To  carry  on  the  arm. 
;}5g_  wfiarn  JCarryouarm 
■J"  ftoo-e    \  — 

To  push  away. 

|i  toy        I  Push 
■^  ftoo-e     \  — 

To  scrape  off. 
JjJ  vwhart  i  Scrape 
■J"  Jioo-e     I  — 

To  expel,  to  drive  out. 
^  jook      I  Expel 

To  sweep  off;  i  e.  to  remove. 
j^  pool      i  Sweep 
■^  hoo-e       — 

To  pare. 
"^J  say-uckj  Pare 
■^  hoo-e     I  — 

To  dust  off. 
1[^  fui        j  Dust 

To  sweep  (as  a  floor). 

^  so  i  Sweep 

•^  /joo-e     )  — 


To  go  out. 
yj  chut  j  Out 
■2"  /(oo-e    I  — 


To  enter. 
/V  'jop       I  Enter 


To  expel,  to  pursue. 

^  korn      I  Expel 
-^  hoo-e       — 

To  go  to. 
^  hoi/       I  Open 


•2"  hoo-e     I  — 
To  resort  to. 

i^i  '"i/         f  Sjcrete 
-J-  /ioo-e     I  — 

To  fly  away. 


■2"  /<oo-e 


Fly 


To  jomp  off. 


^^  tee-oo 
-J-  /ioo-e 

To 

-^    /(OO-f 

To  decoy 
-^  Aoo-e 


Jump 

lend 
Lend 

to  kidnap. 
Kidnap 


To  carry  to. 

^  loe-e      I  Carry 
■^  Aoo-e     I  — 

To  return. 
^  9u<'^e    I  Return 
■J-  //oo-e     I  — 

To  transfer. 
0||  <«t'-oo    I  Mix 

To  bring  to,  to  carry  away. 

^  t/(c         I  Bring 
■J-  /too-e     I  — 

To  move  to  or  away. 

^  boon      I  Move 
■^  /(OP-e       — 

To  carry  to  or  away. 

1^  qtieye    |  Carry 
-^  /ioo-e     I  — 

To  sail  to  or  away. 

^  siah       I  Sail 
■^  Aoo-e       — 

To  move  to. 

^  ye  I  Move 

•2*  /'oo-e     I  — 

To  pluck  up. 

^  but        I  Pluck 
-^  hoo-e 


231 


To  sell  goods. 

To  run  outside. 

To 

distribute  provisions, 

^  my           Sell 

^P^ 

Run 

rations. 

|jj  chut         — 

]j\   chut 

1  - 

If  /aw 

Emit 

^  for           Goods 

P"  moon 

Door 

m 

chut 

— 

^  mot          Things 

P   how 

Mouth 

P 

how 

Mouth 

To  marvel,  to  be  surprised  at. 

To  expel  (or 

drive  out)  idlers. 

# 

lay-nrtg 

Provisions 

{U  f^<«'    j  — 

yj  (7(M< 

1  Expel 

To  reflect  a 

true  image, 

pj   kay         Wonder 

1- 

tc 

)  take  a 

photograph. 

f^  ham 

Idle 

To  come  out,   or  forward. 

A  ^"" 

Man 

B 

yun 

Shadow 

yj  ciiut     — . 

To  discover  vagabonds. 

[iJ 

chut 

— 

^  lo-e       \  Come 

^  c/iar 

/  Discover 

% 

yea-uii(i 

Figure 

To  let  (as  a  house). 

{jj   (7i«< 

1 

m 

say-uiig 

Likeness 

[ij    C//M<        )   — 

ii/«^ 

Beggar 

To  discourse 

on  doctrine. 

iR  y""*       1  Reut 

^  <oe 

Follower 

■'M^ 

3f9 

kawttff 

Speak 

To  take  a  walk. 

To  find  out  stolen  property. 

i; 

chiit 



ij   chut           — 
ff  /(«r«      j  Walk 

•  ^  sow 
Jj  chut 

Find 

dough 
lay 

Way 
Doctrine 

To  scheme,  to  plan. 

m  <•/»'« 

Thief 

HH  chut       \  — 

^  j'''""'il 

Plunder 

To 

find  out  the  cause  of 

g     ,r7»?/          Plan 

To  divulge  secrets. 

an  affair. 

M-  '" 

1  Divulge 

^ 

sum 

Examine 

(G)  VERBS  ENDING 

yj  tAu< 

j- 

ai 

chut 

— 

IN  ^. 

^  .fee 
^  see 

Private 

M 

chnn 

Facts 

Business 

* 

yow 

Cause 

/  To  go  to,    leave, 

1                     1  to    depart    from, 

■2*   hoO-e      to  become  distinct, 

to  proceed,    part. 

To  make  or 

invent  articles 

used  in  worship  or  eating  etc. 

To  lead 

out  troops. 

>      gone,  former 

ig;  cho 

)  Make 

^ 

die 

Lead 

To  descend. 

pj    chut 

|- 

til 

chut 

— 

•^  lork       1  Descend 

^  ^'"^ 

Utensil 

^ 

bun 

Soldier 

•^  hoo-e        —                   1 

nn   mun 

Vessel  or  dish 

^n^ 

mar 

Horse 

230 


To  have  earned  nothing  bat 

troable,  to  have  broagbt 

ones  self  into  troable. 

1^  Imc        I  Get  or  catch 


"plj  'lough 

^  karn        Difficulty 

|§^  varn        Not  easy 

( 70  VERBS  ENDING 
IN   tti- 

I  To  issae,  to  issue 
forth  or  from,  to 
eject,  to  utter  a 
coin,  to  go  out,  to 
surpass,  to  eicel, 
to  have 

To  compose  an  essay. 
M  Jo  i  Do 

ttj  '■/'"'       I  — 
^  intin        Letters 

I  Display    or 


^chay-ung 


chapter 


To  invent  (originate;  a 
good  plan. 

^  say-ungj  Thiuk 

ttj  '■/'"<      I  - 
^  ho  Good 

ft  9>'y         P'a" 

To  write  oat  some  news. 


^  say 

yj    rhut 


m 


Write 

New   1 
Hear 


25 


To  have  made  a  flower 
garden. 

^  hay  i  Build 

'^J  dough  1  — 

^  /"ar  Flower 

HH  (/!H  Garden 

To  have  raised  ones  self 
to  look. 

^  kay  1  Staud 

"plj  dough  )   — 

^  /o-e  Coiue 

IJ^  tie  Look 

To  confoand  right  and  wrong. 


m^  (fane  Upset 

'PJ  dough  j  — 

^  see  Is  or  right 

^^  /ay  Not  or  wrong 

To  have  called  coolies. 

tt^  key-oo  \  Called 

-^J  dough    I  — 

P^  te  1 

„  Coolies  + 

Rg  /ee         ) 

To  have  received  a  letter. 

^  peep      i  Receive 
'^j  dough      — 

,  Letter 


To  have  sawed  a  tree. 

^  go-e  I  Saw 

"ISj  dough  j   — 
;|^  «ee  Tree 

^  mooi"        Wood 

To  have  cot  a  jem. 

^  f//a//t       Cliisel 

-^J  (/o//jr/i  )  — 
-K  yofe        Gem 
JQ^  set  Stone 

To  have  dag  for  gold. 

|g  A-wo<  I  Dig 

-^j  dough  I  — 
^  X-;<m  Gold 

^  sar  Sand 

To  have  fallen  to  the  ground. 

1%  date  ]  Fall 

-^J   dough  \  — 

^  jo-e  At 

i^b  '^'"y  Ground 

Blown  into  the  water. 

p^  clw-e       Blow 

^  lark  Falklowu 

^  soo-e        Water 


■{•  =  phonetic. 


To  have  seized  upon  a  fort- 
To  seize,  to 


'^J  dough 
ft  toe-e 


rule 

Cannon 
Platform 


To  have  arrested  a  criminal. 
|]£  jook         Arrest 
|0j  dough      — 


Robber 


^  chut 

To  have  rented  a  "go  down". 

"^  yum         Rent 

|gj  dough    ]  - 

:j^^  jam         Store 

^^  fa  long      Room 

To  have  got  a  partner. 

1^  chnn      j  Engage 

fflj  dough    \  — 

i^  for 

^^  *'  Partner 

To  have  purchased  goods. 
^  my  Buy 


M/' 


■o?- 


Goods 


!^  mol 

To  have  made  much  money. 

1^  /'"■'         Emit 

fflj  dough  j  — 
;;^  c/te  Big 

^^  rho-e       Wealth 


229 

He  got  the  whole  empire. 

^  dill        I  Get 

-^J   dough   )  — 

1  Heaven 
^  tane 


~[\    /tfU 


world 
Below 


He  kneels  down  to  worship 
the  spirits. 

^  queye  j  Kuell 

-fllj  dough  )  — 

^  6;/)/  Worship 

jjj^  sun  God 

To  be  sleeping  on  the  bed. 
0^  7nzn       J  Lie  down 

J^  chaiong    Bed 
_t.   «a?/-Mn(;   Up 

To  be  seated  in  a  sedan. 

<*j^  chaw     \  Sit 

^  key-00      Sedan  chair 
^  /(7j;  Inside 

To  have  reduced  a  city. 
fX  dhar      I  Strike 

^  .SHJJ  City 

yjlj,  chee         Moat 


To  carry,  to  bring  or  to  take, 
to  a  certain  place. 

^  die         I  Carry 

^1]  dough       — 

To  carry  by  turns. 

1^  lun        I  Wheel 

^1]  dough    j  — 

To  fear,  to  be  afraid  of. 

^!]  dough       — 

To  reach  ^with  your  eyes. 
B^  ngarn      Eye 
^l|  dough       — 

To  reach  with  your  hands. 
^  sow        ]  Hand 
^)1  douqh       — 


To  pursue,  to  catch,  to  reach. 
^  jeio-e     1  Pursue 
^1]  dough    ]  — 

1      To  provide  or  to  guard 
against. 

1^  fawng      Hindrance 
^Ij  dough    \  — 

{E)  VERBS  ENDING 
IN  -fill- 


-^J   dough 


A   sign  of  the 
past  tense,  to 

subvert,  to 
invert,   to  fall 
down,  to  pour 
from  an  open 


27 


228 


Not  allow  one  to  declioe 
an  iavitdtioD. 


^  mot       J  Not 
^P  kay-uck]  - 

To  dislike,  to  feel  averse  to. 
ff^  some      I  Heart 
^P  kay-uck\  - 

To   disdain,  to  complete  and 
pat  away. 

J     Ue-oo    I  Finish 
^P  kay-uckl  - 


To  level. 
^  pun       I  Even 
^P  kay-uck]  - 

(D)  VERBS  ENDING 
IN  PJ. 

,  To  arrire  at,  to 
.^1  I  reach,  to  eitend 

^j  dOugh     ■    to,    to  attain, 

(till,  at  yet,  but, 
tinished 

To  know. 
^  gee        \  Kuow 


To  estimate,  to  reflect,  to 
find  oat. 

^  lee-oo    ]  Think 
^J  dough    I  — 

To  send,  to  transmit. 
^  kay        I  Send 
^Ij  dough    I  — 


((')  VEliBS  ENDING 
IN   ^'P. 

To  lorget. 
^  mawtig )  Forget 
^P%-;(,-^-i  — 

Ditto. 
,^,  /«<        I  Forget 
^P  kay.urk\  - 

To  refuse. 
^  toy         I  Refuse 
^P  koy.w-k\  - 

To  decline  as  an  office, 
g^  chee       I  Decline 
^^P  kay-uck\  - 

To  pash  away. 
Igf  buy       I  Push 
=gP  kay-uck]  - 

To  throw  away. 
^j^  pow  i  Til  row 
^P  kay-uck{  — 

To  diminisb.  to  subtract, 
to  abbreviate. 

jj^  garm     i  Diminish 
^P  kay-uck]  - 

To  remove  all. 
^  chee       I  Remove 
^P  kay-uck]  - 


To  draw,  to  pull  up. 
ff^  wham   I  Draw 
^  /my        j  - 

To  lift  up. 
^  dow  I  Lift 
^  /my        I  _ 

To  carry,  to  wear. 
^  (/ie         I  Carry 
^  /'"y        j  - 

To  raise,  to  elevate. 
J^  koo-e     j  Raise 
^  /my        j  - 

To  carry  on  the  head  or 
top  of  a  thing. 


dun 


Carry    on 
I  head 
^  /my        [  - 

To  carry  on  the  back,  to 
carry  a  child  "pick  a  pack". 


Carry    on 
back 


^  may 

^  hay 

To  pull  op  (as  a  flag). 
;|^  ih(iy      I  Haul   up 
^  hoy       ]   - 

To  lash,  to  whip  (as  a  horse). 
^  Inn         \  Lash 
^  hay 


227 


To  scoop  out,  to  excavate. 

To  startle,  to  recollect 

To  heap  up,  to  pile  up. 

;^  wliwl    1  Scoop 

suddenly. 

i^doiiijh-e]  To  heap 

tIE  hay        \  - 

^^  chook       Excite 

^hay         j    - 

To  pare  off,  to  lop  off,  to 

To  hold  in  the  hand. 

make  a  hole  in  the  ground. 

To  throw  up  (as  a  ball  in 

j_^               1  Hold  iu  two 
hands 

^ij  c.heio      I  Lop  off 

a  game). 

M  hay        1   - 

'3fj^  poiv       )  Throw   up 

tIE  hay           — 

To  erect,  to  raise  (as  a 

fe  hay        ]  - 

To  ascend,  to  mount,  to 

standard). 

To  assist,  to  aid,  to  help 

avail  of. 

^  she        1  Erect 

when  fallen  down. 

^  sun           Mount 

^  hay       \  - 

^  foo        )  Help 

^  hay       i  - 

To  insert,  to  set  in,  to  thrust 

x|E  hay        ]   - 

To  roll  up  (as  a  screen). 

into  (as  a  flag  staff). 

To  bandage,  to  tie. 

^  kiin        j  Roll  up 

\^  charp       Insert 

^  bawiig   1  Tie 

^  /wt/        j  - 

M  hay        \  - 

^  /'"i/        1  - 

To  select,  to  choose  out. 

To  complete,  to  raise. 

To  speak,  to  speak  out,  to  tell. 

j^  siiH        j  Choose 

^  sun        1  Raise 

^  whnr        Speak 

^    /W!/            j    — 

^  hay           - 

^  ^'"2/        1  — 

To  run,  to  hasten. 
^  chow        Ruu 

To  collect,   to  put  away  (as 
clothing  when  not  used). 

To  discourse  on,  to  converse, 
to  narrate. 

7^  hay         \    - 
To  count,  to  reckon  up. 

Jit  soio       1  Collect 

.=idi  kautiq      Speak 

'                                       r 

^  /«»y        1  - 

x|E  hay           — 

If  kigh       )  Add 
x|E  hay            — 

To  take  from,  to  lift,  to 

To  pull  up,  to  extirpate. 

To  pour  out,  to  overturn. 

draw  out. 

1  n                          \ 

J0^^  part       1  Extirpate 

fill  ilaiiqh    \  I'our 

;^  i-liow     \  Take  from 
,                  1 

;fe  hay           — 

M  hay      ]  - 

To  pull  up  by  a  hook,  to 

To  finish,  to  work  as  in 

To  kick. 

raise  (as  an  anchor). 

gold,  etc. 

^f^  tale        1  Kick 

1^  cow       1  To   hook 

i^^  tllittr        Strike 

^  hay            - 

^  hay 

a|E  hay        \    - 

22C 


To  store,  to  adorn. 
^  1  To  stow  to 

(  dress 

^  f>oy      !  - 
To  elect,  to  choose  or  select. 
^  (jar II      \  Elect 
fe  1'oy       i  - 

To  £eiie,  to  apprehend. 
;ftp  t!r/>        i  Seize 
^  /'«y        ^  - 

To  lock,  to  chain. 
^  saw       \  Lock 
^  /<ny       I  - 

To  haul,  to  drag. 
il^  chaij     ]  Drag 
^  /my       i  - 

To  annoy. 
^  lo  j  To  vex 

To  brush,  to  wipe,   to  dust. 
1^  ful        ]  Brush 
^  /mr/       (  - 

To  pursue,  to  run  after. 
j^  /corn      i  Run  after 

fe  H     I  - 

To  drink. 
"g^  yum      )  Driuk 
^  hay       )  — 


To  bang,  to  suspend. 
•|i|*  7'""'      )  Hang 

^  f'"y     I  - 

To  take  in  the  hand,  to  take  up. 

^  Jup        I  To  griisj) 
^  hay        )  - 

To  take  up  (as  a  child  from 
the  ground). 


^i^  tai 


To    lift    u]i 
or   to  load 


^  h"y 

To  stir,  to  stir  up. 
^^  you  Stir 

xte  /"'y    ( - 

To  tie  up,  to  pull  up  to  a 
beam  (as  men  when  tortured). 

'^  dee-oo  I  To  string 

To  hand  up,  to  take  up. 
^  low       JTo  dredge  for 
^  hoy      \  - 

To  enwrap,  to  envelop. 
'Q  (ww       I  Wrap 

Ate  /'«y     i  - 

:  To  fill,  to  fill  up. 

To  load  ou 
to   fill   ill 


jo-e 


To  stand,  to  stand  erect. 
^  kay        I  Staud 

^  H        )  - 

To  lean  over  (half  standing). 

[  To   seize  as 
ij^  kinii       \   a  bird  or 
I  beast  of  prey 

^  /<"y       I  - 

To  leap,  to  jump. 

||^^  ice-oo    I  Jump 

i  f'ay       \  - 

To  take  up  with  fingers, 
to  carry. 

^(5  iieeia      I  Take 

^  fioy       \  - 

To  take  up  by  the  end  of  a 
stick  and  fling  away. 

■^jt  ^'^'^-00     J  Take   up 

^  f'oy      I  - 

To  carry  (as  a  chair). 

I    To  carry 
J^  loe-e      I  with  help  of 
j      another 

^  hey      I  - 

To  carry  on  a  pole  across 
the  shoulder. 

[  To  carry  on 
^B  darn      |  pole  across 
shoulder 


ho 


'y 


^  /"vy        I  — 

To   carry   on  a  pole 
between  two. 

jfX.  kauiifj    Carry  on  pole 

^  ''oy       - 


225 


To  carrj 

babies. 

To  lead  out  the  troops. 

{B)  VERBS  ENDING 

Wlpo 

Wrap 

W-  dock 

Lead 

IN  ^. 

ft  gee        \ 

— 

ft  gee 

1- 

1  To  rise,  to  stand 

,                         1  op,  to  erect,  to 

n:E   Jtay          j  produce,  to  com- 

1  mence,to  begin. 

Baby 
Child 

■j^  see 

>yi   chut 

Student 
Soldier 

'  to  originate 

To  seize  one 

by  the  hand ; 

To  think  on. 

^say-uvff]  Think 
^  f>ay           - 

to  shake  hands. 
^  jup          Grasp 
ft  gee           — 

To  stick 

command 

an 

1^  charp 

the  emperors 
on  the  back  of 
officier. 

Stick 

Remember. 

^'  sow 

Hand 

ft  gee 

1- 

bE  ^'"g       I  Recollect 

To  cover 

the  eyes. 

■^  lun 

Law 

^  ftcy     1  - 

t^  yeem 

Screen 

15  efnn 

Arrow 

To  do,  to  act,  make,  to 

ft  i"^« 

— 

To  lead  ( 

)n  the  troops. 

compose. 
f^  chalk     )  Do 

"^  say-ung 
3^  «(7arji 

Pair 

Eyes 

^  die 
ft  gee 
-^  bun 

Lead 

;fe  ''oy      j  — 

Stop 

here. 

Soldier 

Ditto. 

Ut  Afl/e 

,  Arrest    or 

M  y^°"9 

Brave 

J^  cho          Do 

stop 

^  Aa;/        1  - 

ft  gee 

- 

To  haul  a  rope. 

To  copy. 

itk  ehee 

At 
This 

;J3l:  chay 

ft  gee 

^  tee-oo 

Hoist 

^^  choio       Copy 
^  /toy           - 

To  rest  from  work. 

at,                              \ 

)  — 
(cl) 

To  write. 

ft  i/^e 

Stop 

^    S"» 

Rope 

^  «a^           Write 

^-    «0!« 

Hand 

To  stop  a 

carriage  or  cart 

^  /iay           - 

To  be  still  to  stop  eating. 

-f^  <o« 

Stop 

To  sit  down. 
^  c/jaw        Sit 

|jX  hate 
ft  S'«« 

Stop 

ft  .9e« 

Car 

;fe  Aay           - 

P   how 

Mouth 

j  I^Zun 

Wheel 

224 


To  follow  when  going  oat 
or  coming  in. 

J}J  o,m       j  Follow 
^  gee         I  — 
\^   r/ntt         Out 

A  i/^p      I" 

To  reflect  upon  the  past 
and  fatnre. 

^  kwoo     I  To  reflect 

gq^  cheeu       Before 
^  hoio         After 

To  stay  close  to  a  person. 

j5i  ^"u"  )  Near 

i^  gee  \  — 
^  jaw  Left 

>^  j/ow  Right 

To  pacify  peoples  minds. 
^  orn        I  Pacify 

^  »ii(n         People 
;\J2»  fome         Heart 

To  apprehend  robbers. 
^  Tiar        j  Seize 

1^  c/i««         Thief 
H  /a^  Vagabond 


To  live  together  in  the 
upper  story. 

it  koong    I  With 

'ft  i?^«        !  — 

^^  low  Buililing 

~|^  say-ung  Up 

To  connect  the  inner  and 
the  onter  part. 

Join 


}g  lean 

i^  gee        ]  - 
^   no-?         Inside 
^h  n-goi-e    Outside 

To  pass  on  both  sides, 

^  geep         Pass 
^gee        )  — 
^  lay-ung  Two 
j^  iean         Sides 

Partition  it. 

Pl^  '7ttr<         Partition 

^  gee        \  - 
FJI  choong     Middle 
55  iarn         Within 

To  prevent    people  from) 
passing  and  repassing. 

|5fl_  jaw        )  Hinder 
^  gee        \  — 
-gg  vwaung    Go 
^  Zo-e  Come 


To  anchor  at  the  ferry  or 
landing  place. 

j^  wahn  j  Anchor 

ft  gee  I  - 
XS  '^0".'/'*      Ferry 
^  <ow  Head 

To  stop  np  a  sewer. 

^  sut  I  Stop 

^  gee  ]  — 
^  /iarn        Ditch 
1^  ^oo-e       Sewer 

To  obstruct  the  road. 

m  /a;vi  j  Ob-struct 

^  gee  \  - 
^  dough      Road 
I?§  /o  Way 

To  pat  it  to  account,  to 
iceep  an  account. 


Record 


■^  dun 

PJi[  «o  Account 

g    woo/:  List 

To  live  alone  in  a  lower  story. 

:^  dook  I  Alone 

i^  gee  I  - 
^  A-or/:         Loft 
~f»  //ar  Below 


223 


To  store  away  goods. 
S  cJio-e        Store    away 


ii.  gee 

— 

i0.  /<"• 
^  mot 

Goods 

To  put  goods  in  the 

"go  ( 

lown". 

^  duu 

To  pile 

i£  gee 

- 

^h  ;■«»•" 

Store 

M  /««"'.9 

Room 

Lock  tl 

lat  door. 

yP  saw 

1  Lock 

ft  gee 

— 

_^  dough 

(cl) 

P^  moo7i 

Door 

Bar  the  gal 

e  or  barrier. 

PI    (]iutri} 

Bar 

i£  gee 

1- 

t^  .^''^Z 

Street 

E|^  ./"rp 

Gate 

To  surround  o 

r  besiege  a  city. 

1^  w/iy 

Surrouiul 

ft  S'^'e 

- 

^  «!/n 

City 

1^  chce 

Moat 

To  guard 

or  hold  an 

encam 

pment. 

-tp   SOIV 

Guard 

ft  .'/^« 

— 

•i-  3/"" 

Camp 

^  J«J/« 

Fortress 

To  smoke,  a  puff  of  tobacco.  ' 

Detain  him  abroad. 

:^  sick    , 

Eat 

^  low 

Detain 

ft  gee 

— 

ft  gee         ] 

— 

)U    hoio 

Mouth 

^p  n<joi-e 

Outside 

M  y"' 

Smoke 

H   cjHork 

Country 

To  carry  this  umbrella 

He  lives  at 

our  estuary. 

•  -|5  7ieem     i 

Carry 

M  ^°-e 

Dwell 

ft  gee        ! 

— 

ft  gee 

- 

ffi  iar 

Bundle 

^^  boon 

Own 

'Mpy 

Shade 

f  K  kaioiig 

Harbor 

To  carrj 

a  chair. 

He  is  writing  a 

sheet  of  paper 

+^  ^o-e 

Carry 

M  ««J/ 

Write 

ft  gee 

— 

ft  gee 

- 

^  sun 

(cl) 

^^  chay-uiu 

Kci) 

^  key-oo 

Sedan  chair 

W^gee 

Paper 

To  put  on  a 

pair  of  shoes. 

He  holds  a  pencil  in  his  hand 

^   chun 

To  wear 

|g  char 

Hold 

ft  S"'« 

ft  S'fe 

— 

}   ^.J  doutfhe 

Pair 

1^  .g-ee 

(cl) 

^t  /('(//( 

Shoes 

y  6tt< 

Pencil 

To  wear  a 

cap  or  hat. 

To  put  on  clothing. 

M  c/'fi 

To   wear 

^  jay-orck 

)  Wear 

ft  f?*^^ 

— 

ft  gee 

I- 

(cl) 
Hat 

^ye 

Clothing 

To  sit  in 

a  carriage. 

To  drink  a 

cup  of  wine. 

4j^  cAa/t' 

Sit 

#t  »/"'" 

Drink 

ft  ^«« 



ft  gee 

— 

j^  mar 

Horse 

i^\  boo-e 

Cup 

S.  c/wy 

Car 

vS  choio 

Wine 

90O 


To  live  there  for  a  few  days. 
^  cfi<inii   I  Shortly 

it.  'Jf<^        )  - 
^  ktiij  Few 

H  yot  Day 

To  live  separately  in  four 
villages. 

•^  fan        \  Part 

ii.  9''e    ]  - 

[Jtj  ,.;,Y  Four 

lip  /,o)/-«»</  Village 

To  live  together  in 
one  place. 

)^  /ooH^    I  With 

ft  .9^«        )  - 
— '  ijot  One 

^  i7iee         Place 

Seal  it  and  let  it  not 
be  opened. 

^  fang     \  Seal 

ft  <7e«        j  — 
^  mot  Not 

[ly  /'"Z/  Open 

To  stop  walking. 

[f-  '/p<?        I  Stop 

ft  ?««        I  — 
■jj^   mfl^  Not 

fX  Imru         Walk 


Few  of  the  Chinese  verbs  arc 
used  singly,  bein);  used  in  com- 
bin.nlinn  with  other  verbs  whose 
meaning  may  differ  greatly  from 
their  own.  It  is  essential  to  a 
proper  faeility  of  speeeh  that  the 
student  should  memorize  as  m.iny 
of  the  subjoined  verbs  as  possible 
for  they  are  used  in  every  day 
speech  (often  times  in  an  arbi-  ! 
trary  way);  a  knowledge  of  these 
verbs  is  a  sine  qua  non. 


{A)  VERBS  ENDING 
IN  ft. 

To  dwell,  to  live  in,  to  rest, 
to  stop. 

ft  gee 

To  tread  on  that  ground. 

J§  darp      I  Step 

ft  S««         I  — 
I    ^  fie  Piece 

I^J  day  Ground 

I      To  look  at  the  heavens. 
Hope  or 
lift  up 
ft  gee  — 

-(g  ko  That 

^  tane         Heaven 

Many  years  duration. 
"^  (jow       I  Long 
ft  gee        ]  — 
^  dough      Much 
i^  neen         Year 


Wipe. 


;}:^  moot 


Wish. 
^  oi-e 

Witness. 

^  keen         See 
piE  chuu      I  Witness 

Wonder. 


JJ]    rhnt 


Out 
Wonder 


Work. 

^  jo  Do 

T   kung         Work 

[  FuUffrowul 


^/' 


00 


mau 


mawnq 


Worship. 

I  Exalted 
honored 
^  /)!«  Polite 

Wrap  up. 

\l^  bow       1  Wrap 
^  Ao         )  Good 

Write. 


^  say 


Write 
Word  or 
letter 


221 

Upset  with  hand. 

Throw  away. 

Sweep 

^  fawng   ]  Lay 

^^  peck     1  Throw 

^  so          1  Sweep 

'^J  dough      Fall   clown 

■^  Aoo-e     ]  Go 

f^  y«n        j  Clean 

Visit. 

Tie. 

Take  away.  * 

^  pie         )  Polite 

^J  bawiig 

^  newi     1  Take 

^  keen      )  See 

Tire. 

■^  Aoo-e       Go 

Walk. 

Take  care  of. 

Touch. 

^  harn 

®  maiy 

TfiJ-  /ee-00    /  Manage 

Want. 

Tow. 

3^  lay           Govern 

^  ye-oo 

1   To  lead, 

Take  care!  be  careful. 

Warm. 

1  drag  or  pull 

/j>  see-oo    1  Little 

j^  hoo-e 

;^  <<7;)e         Boat 

1^  some        Heart 

Wash. 

Translate. 

Taste. 

'ik  ^¥* 

^^  /"ara        Explain 

^  may         Taste 

Watch. 

pi  yick       1  Uufold 

^  dough   \  Doctrine 

^  Aorn        Look  after 

Try. 

Teach. 

"vj"  so?«          Keep 

^  «ce 

^  gow         Teach 

Wear. 

Turn  over. 
^  /rtr-n      )  Back 

^1  /?<?i          Instruct 

^  t7«'n           Wear 

Tear. 

^  c/»7?i         Turn 

Put  on 

1  *i                                   / 

^  see           Tear 

;W  chay-uch 

clothes 

Undergo. 
^  yun          Forbear 

jg  hoy          Open 

Weep. 

^  sow        ]  Receive 

Tell. 

^  /ore        1  To  flow 

gj  vwhar 

Understand. 

'^  /oo-«     )  Tears 

Thank. 

^  /ie-oo       Understand 

Weigh  by  scales. 

^f  dut           Obtain 

^  karm     |  To  influence 

^  tat 

Unite. 

H^  maj/      )  Thank 

Willing  (to  be). 

i^  say-ung    Together 

Think. 

-^  /m« 

-^  hop           Join 

M  «ay-i">9 

26 


220 


Spread  out  or  open, 
j^  tarn       \  Spread 
H  hoy        '  Opeu 
Stand. 


Sign. 


Steal. 


fj 


HU 


to  to 


^tie 


Steal 
Go 

Steer. 
1  Grasp 
)  Rudder 

Stoop. 
Bend 
Body 

Stop   Dp. 

Obstruct 
hinder 
|Jfl^  jaw        [  Impede 

Study  (aloDd) 
gg  dook      (  Study 
^  «Aw  Book 

Subscribe  money. 
^  c/jfe»n    (  Sign 
^  n<7uii     j  Money 

Swear,  make  oath  to. 
^  sif/A       I  Swear 
^  yin        I  Promise 

Swear  (curse). 
Curse 
Scold 


5l  '" 


-^  cheein 


bigu 


^ 


H      )  Name 
Sit. 
^  chaw     \  Sit 
~J^  har        I  Down 

Sleep. 
3fll  fun  Sleep 

Generally 
j  speaking  1 
Smell. 

Smaggle. 
^p  chow     i  Run 
^  see         )  Secret 
Sound. 

Spare  life. 


m 


ye-oo    \  Spare 


^ 


sut 


whar 


)  Life 
Speak. 
^  kawng      Speak 

Converse 
;  Language  I 
to  talk 
Speculate  mentally. 
^L  sun        \  Reckon 
=-[-  kigh      !  Calculate 

Spoil. 
'^"  sun       \  Injure 


yo 


Spoil 


See. 
0J^  tie         \  See 
^  ^('CH       '  See 

Select 
^  seem      )  Choose 
:J^  jart       '  Select 

Sell.  * 
J  my        I  Sell 
■^  /loo-e     j  Go 

Send  to.  * 
■^  kay        )  Send 
^  /o-e       I  Come 

Send  compliments. 
55  vmn      \  Ask 
'^  /iow       '  Inquire 

Separate  or  spread  out. 
1^  pie        \  Spread 
^  /toic       '  Open 

Sew. 
^  /fin 

Shave. 

Shine. 

Shove  off  or  open. 
1^  toy         J  Shove   push 
^  hoy        \  Open 

Show. 
\^  bay        J  Give 


tie 


(See 


219 


Return  (hither). 
^  farn      1  Return 
>J<  loy-e      ]  Here 

Return  (thither). 
^  farn  1  Return 
"2^  hoo-e     '  Go 

Ride. 
,^  iny       I  Ride 
i^  mor       '  Horse 
Roast. 

Row. 

To  dasb,  to) 
agitate 

Rub. 

Sail. 
Save. 

>i^  coio 


Jl^ch 


wxv 


^3&  «)7tar 


Scold. 


noto 


Seal. 


fung 


Search. 


=F  pAow 


^ 


c/iMTO       Seek 


Search 


tie 


Read. 

!To  look  or 
see 
^^  sliii  Book 

Receive. 
^  (/uc        1  Get 
;^  c/tee/7       Receive 


Recite. 


shii 


Recite 
Book 


Refuse. 

Pg-  ung        \  Not 


/ii(? 


Willing 


Remember. 
bE  W         Remember 

^  dut       ]  Get 
or 

Remember. 
qE  ^«y  Remember] 

I  Prompt  or  J 
^  (  diligent 

Repair. 
i^  sow       )  Repair 
^^  chutuj      Fix 
Request. 
j3^  cozy         Ask 


Big 


chun        Request 


Rest. 
^  orn        \  Peace 
1^  heel       )  To  rest 


Preserve. 
ij^  sow  Together 

P^  chaioig  j  Store  up 

Print. 
'^  jo  Do  or  make 

^  shii  Book 


or 
Print. 

ffj  ^""  Print 

^  s/(w  Book 

Punctuate. 
^  /»?4  Part  I 

^  ho-e         Sentence  ; 
g^  dook        Read  j 

Punish. 

Vp  9^^         I  '^°  regulate 
^  clio-c     ]  Sin 

Push. 
:|^  toy         I  Push 
:f^  yoMwjr  I  Push 

Put  down. 

•^  /orA       j  Down 

Quarrel. 
"^  f^arH    j  Quarrel 
1^  lum       \  Discourse 

Quit  (a  place). 

i  To    take  ] 

leave         ; 

■^  hoo-e       Go  I 


218 


hay 


Play  (amasement). 
^  wham   j  Play   with 
^  sar         I  Sport 
Play  (drama). 
1^  ijin  Perform 

\  Theatrical 
)  exhibition 

Polish. 

I  Grind  or  j 

more      \  I 

I  polish        I 

^  quorng     A  light     ) 

Ponr  out.  * 

^  vhmn     \  Pour 
}ij  chut      \  Out 

Pour  in.  • 
^  c7ium     I  Pour 

A  y";*     1 1" 

Praise. 


Ought. 
1^  ymi  Shouhl 


^ 
RK 


0f  % 

^  cow 


M  % 


yow 

rhut 


charn    j  Praise 
choong  )  Laud 

Pray. 
/  Pray 
I  Request 

Pray. 
I  A  petition 

I  Ask 

Prepare. 
ye  \  Before  hand 

bay  Prepare 


Ought  fit 
proper 
Owe  (money). 
^  heem  j  Owe 
^  rye  \  Debt 
Owe  (goods). 
A^  see-oo  I  Owe 
^  heem     )  Owe 

Pack  up. 
ij^  sow       I  Together 
:^  sj(jB       I  Gather 
Paint 
jOil 

j  Varnish 
Pay. 
j^  wharm     Return 
^  x^un     )  Money 
Persuade. 

Pitch  away. 
^  day-oo  j  Throw 
■^  /ioo-e    j  Go 

Pitch  here. 
^  day-oo  j  Throw 
^  /o-e        )  Come 

Plant. 
j^  c7mn^    j  Plant 
i^  chick     \  Plant 


Mean. 
^'(^  (/^-em     i  Ponder 
^  %/t       I  Explain 

Mend. 
-fl^  sow       I  Fix 
^^  6o  )  Mend 

Move. 
;^  i-oon      j  Move 
p^  Aoy       I  Commence 

Must  (desiringly). 
^  wo        j  Duty 
^  »/e-oo       Want 

Must  (of  necessity), 
i  Straight , 
^  I  (direct) 

ijl\  beat  Must 

Must  not  (peremptorily). 
j^  c/iea«     I  Must 
^  7?!0«       )  Not 

Obey. 
^  <7nt?i      I  To  obey 
-11$  ?/«  )  Conform 

Offer  (commercially). 
^  loharn  |  Return 
^  far        i  Price 

Open. 

Order. 

gj^  /««       )  Order 

p{>J-  /oo        I  To  bid  to  do 


217 


ny 


Lie. 

A  '^^^        \  Big 
fjf  whar     )  Saying 

Lift. 

Live  (to  have  life). 

^^  sarn 

Lock. 

3P  saw         Lock 

Close  (near 

(to)  ' 

Look. 

g^  tie         ]  Look 

^  X-ee?i       j  See 

Loosen. 

Lose. 
3^  s(««         I  Lose 
•^  /ioo-e     j  Go 

Love. 

Lower. 

Make. 
-^  Jo 

Mark  goods. 

^  /io  I  Mark 

/^E  hay        \  Up 

Marry. 

-H--,  To    marry 

^^  chew-e  \ 

I  wife 

^  c/jM?2        Kindred 


^ 


sojy 


?/)!/ 


Keep. 

To  collect,  to 

bind 

Near  to  or 

close 

Injure. 
^^  sun 

Kill  (by  beating). 

^  (//((ir      I  Strike 

^  «ce         (  Die 

Kiss. 

^  c/jMH      I  Near 

J^  cho-e     \  Mouth 

Knock. 

M  '"^"^ 

Know. 

Know 

Sign  of  past 

teuse  or  reach 

Laugh. 


^  gee 
^IJ  dougJi 


^  see-oo 

Lay  down  (things). 
;^  fawng  |  Lay 
~f»  /iflr        ]  Down 

Lean. 

Learn. 
^^  hawk 

Lend. 

"fa  jcy  Lend 


■^  /ioo-« 


Go 


Heat. 
^  60         j  Cook 
^  ?/««(!         Hot 

Help. 

:j^  bawng   |  Help 
^  ^aio        I  Assist 

Hide. 
[@;  ^«n       /  oecret 
^  chorng     Hide 

Hire  (men). 

Hire  (dwelling). 
^  io  i  To  rent 

"^  !/«m      j  To  lease 
Hold. 

Hurt. 
^X  fZ/iar     j  Strike 
"^  say-unt/\  Hurt 

Import. 
^  2'OP  Enter 

P   /ioto         Mouth 
^  /or         Goods 

Interpret. 
'I^  rhin       (  To   transfer 
^J  vwhar   (  Language 

Join. 
•^  harp     {  To  join 


"'i/ 


Near  to   or 
close 


21G 

• 

Forget. 

1                    Feed. 

Dwell. 

;^  tnaunp  j  Forget 

v^y 

^  c/iee 

IB  *^y 

1  To  reconl 

Fill. 

1 

Eat. 

Forgive. 

1                     ,    To  pour 
Q^  c/ittiii   jfrom  a  vessel 

;^  silk 

M  ««y 

1  Forgive 

^witli  a  spout/ 
iffi  moon     Fill 

Embarii. 

p  ;o-e 

jSin 

irfj                                                             y 

^  /ori-       1  Down 

Fry. 

Find. 

Jig  ««n        j  Boat 

M  ^/'^^' 

1  F'T 

3jy.  (7iu??i      To  seek 

-Correct, or  a 

Employ. 

j^  r/ioic 

JFrj 

^  yny-or/;Jsign  of  past 

^  see 

tense 

Empty. 

Get. 

Find. 

(  Pour  from 

^  lore 

Give. 

^^  tcun         To  seek 

■^J  dough   1   an   open 

'      vessel 

^  fcoj/ 

6o. 

\  past  tense] 

■^  Aoo-t'       Go 
Escape. 

•^  Aoo-« 

Fine. 

J^  bay        1  Flee  from 

Grow. 

=5  /ari         To  fine 

^  hoo-e       Go 

^  c/iay-1 

t»g  Grow 

^  7i<7un     1  Money 

Export. 

^Acf/'-e 

(Big 

Finish. 

pj  <7iH<         Out 

Guess. 

m  Jo          1  Do 

P   hoto         Mouth 

^    <-/ie^C 

(  Guess 

^  yui        \  Finish 

■^  for           Goods 

^  rfow 

I  Conjecture 

Fly  away. 

Examine  into. 

Hang. 

^  /"y       j  Fly 

^  roio       j  Examine 

•^1'  7"'"" 

]  Hang 

•^  hoo-e        Go 

^  cyio       \  Search 

1*  say-unq]  Up                   i 

Fold. 

Fail. 

Have. 

:^  ;?«;?       1  Fold 

j^  vaujig    1  Crooked 

;^  i^ow 

^  /m^       i  Up 

^  /e         1  Useless 

Hear. 

Follow. 

Fasten. 

^  '«"« 

j  Hear 

^  /,««          Follow 

^  or?i        j  To  place 

^   mxn 

\  Listen 

^  c/io-e     1  Follow 

^  kun       \  Fast 

21! 


Die. 

^  see 

Dine. 

^  sick         Eat 

:A  "''■''      Big 

^  cJiai'))       Meal 

Dip. 
j^  c/iHm     J  Immerse 
TJC  soo-e     j  Water 

Discharge. 
^  i-'hee       )  To  part  with 
•^  /(oo-e     j  Go 

Divide. 
^  fun       ]  Part 
PI  hoy-e     )  Open 

Do. 

Doubt. 
.©  «ee         I  Tiiiok 
5|ig  c?/e        j  Doubt 

Drink. 
Drive. 

Drop. 

tjk  date       jPalf 
•^  lork       I  Down 

Drown. 

'^  chum     )  To  sink 
^  see  Die 


Cross  over. 
3jra  <]uore       Over 
-^  /joo-e     j  Go 

Cry. 
or 


P^  /'ar; 


^« 


Cry. 


Cure. 


Curse. 


jXi  c'toio       Lurse 

^  mar       ]  To  rebuke 

Cut. 
^ij  kort 

Dare. 
^)^  karm 

Darn. 
^  chick     I  Weave 
f<§|  io  j  Repair 

Deduct. 
^n  '^ow  To  cut  from 

^  cAee       I  To  remove 

Deny. 
Pg-  ««;;        j  Not 
pS  2/«"        I  Confess 

Destroy. 
^  buy  Destroy 

^  y  I  Injure 


Cheat. 
^    'fly  Deceive 

,|g  fie^?i       ]  To  cheat 

Choose. 
1^  karn     )  To  select 
T^  jart       I  Choose 

Clean. 
^£  korn         Dry 
'/^  (•/»<)(      I  Clean 

Close  (cover  over). 
llj  kum         Cover 
T^  my        j  Conceal 

Clothe. 
$^  jay-ork 

Comb. 

Come. 

Complain 
tj    A'o  \  To  inform 

§/p  «o  I  To  accuse 

Confess. 
p|5  yu7i 

Copy. 
:|^  c/«ow     I  Copy 
]^  say        ]  Write 
Cook. 

Count 
ptf  so 


Brosb. 

Baild. 
^  hay  Raise 

^  jo         )  Do 

Barn, 
jl^  see-oo    I  Bum 
^say-ung]  Hurt 

Batcher. 
gtj  tawng    )  Butcher 
^  st?e         ]  Die 

Buy.* 

^  "'i'        1  Kuy 
^  /o-e       J  Come 

Call. 


tt4%- 


or 
CaU. 
I 
Can. 


W  jo  I  Do 

^  (/«<        I  May  or  can 

Carry. 

Cast  np  an  account. 
^  siin       j  To  count 
|gj[  so  I  A  uumber 

Change. 


sook 


214 

Blame. 
^  jarl        I  Reprimand 
g5  /<""'       I  To  punish 

Bless. 
;|JJ,  c/wok    ]  To  bless 
jlig  fook      I  Happiness 

Blow. 
^  cJioy-e 

Boil  in  water. 
1*  bo  Boil 

Well  done 
f  or  ripe 

Borders  apon. 
^  _90u;       )  Contiguous 
J^  gruy       I  Border 

Borrow.  * 
"^  jay        I  Borrow 
^  lo-e       I  Come 

Bow. 

Break  (a  lengthy  thing). 
Jj^  now  I  Twist 
1^  to»j  I  Break 
Break  a  vessel. 
fj*  (//if/r  I  Strike 
^11  /ar/i       )  Broken 

Bring.  * 
^  Jieem        Bring 
^  /o-e       )  Come 


chun 


r§i  *oy 


ffi  sa?/-un^ 


Change 


Arrange. 

j  To  put  in 
I  order 
rhujh  Even,  orderly 

Avoid. 

hay  To  flee  from 

To  shun,  to 
hate,   envy 

Ask. 

iinin 

Barter. 

With  each 
other 
^l  icoon 

To  become  accustomed  to. 
ii  high       Be 
-^  jo  Do 

^  quarn     Accustomed 

Beg. 
^    hut 

Begin. 
^  /(ay        I  Raise 
■^  (ow        )  Head 

Believe. 

Bend. 

^p  /fan       I  To  bend 
rth  roie       1  Crooked 


.  viooon 

•  A  compounJ  verb  with  the  object  placed  between  the  component  parts  of  the  verb. 


213 

The  student  should  commit  to  memory  the  words  herewith  appended  which  express  mood  and  tense. 
The  verb    >iF^    liarn,  to  walk  with  its  various  shades  and  meanings  is  also  given  as  an  illustration. 
For  further  illustration  of  the  use  of  verbs  see  subsequent  pages. 


Potential  mood. 
^  ham        Walk 


^  dui 


Sign  of 
1  potential  IS 


(     mood 
Subjanctive  mood. 

^  yea-ork   If)  gl: 


1^  /»>/* 


fT  ham        Walk      1  ^ 


Alphabetical    list 

OF    VERBS. 

Accuse  falsely. 

(  To  accuse 

the  iuDOcentf 
[  To  pinch  or[ 


to  trump  up] 
(  a  charge 
Add. 

I  To  add 

]  To  increase 

Allow. 


jM  yun  Proper 

^  sun        ]  Allow 

Alter. 
J^  karn      j  To  change 
^  go-e      j  To  alter 

Approve  or  like. 
FJl  c/(««^       Middle 

i  Intention 
purpose 


Subjunctive  mood  (If). 
^^  yca-ork\ 

Cdnjugation  of  the 

VERB   ^^   ham,  TO  WALK. 

Present  tense. 


■^  har 


I   walk 


Imperfect  tense. 
^  ham         Walk      )  '-' 

[  Sign   of  {  £, 
P^  he-oo        imper-    I  5" 

(feet tense!  ^ 

Perfect  tense. 

fj  /iarH        Walk 

I  Sign  of     ^ 
3i|^  ^uore     1  perfect  I  Ei 
tense        2. 


Future  tense. 

i  Sign   of 
^say-iuuA    future 
(     teuse 

ff  ham         Walk 

Participle. 
^  Aar/i        Walk- 


kun 


^  horn 
AJ^  chee 


lUg 
r 

Walk- 
ing 


3 


^ 
P 


Note:    Moods    and   tenses  are 

expressed   by  employing  the 

following. 

Imperfect  tense. 
P^  he-oo 

Perfect  tense. 

Future  tense  (Expressing 
inlcination  or  intention). 

^  say-ung 
or 

Expressing  positiveness 
(I  will). 

i:  chee       j 


Expressing  ordinary  futurity 
(I  shall). 

^jay-ung] 

^  lo-e       I 


Participle  (ing). 


ki 


Potential  mood  (I  can). 
^  dut 


or 
(May  or  can). 


P^  otooo-e 


25 


212 


Therefore. 
fff  saio         That  which 

I  To  the  oiiil 

^^'  /  H     f 

I  that 

Thus. 
pJI'  karm     I  So 
-^  yea-u)i(i\K\nd  or  class 

Unfrequently. 


M 


-^  ha 


/no  Not 

Aay        How 

Who,  which, 

what 


Wherefore. 

-^  mot  What 

^^  syjn  Cause 

^  i-iroo  Reason 

Widely  different. 

■^  c/jar/i  To  differ 

:^  dut  Get 

^  ^i'n  Far 


duickly. 
f^yiV         j  Quick 
fjl^  ileel       )  Clear 

Same  or  together  with. 

Regularly. 
f^  ye  According 

^  chee       The   next 
^  (//f         Order,  series 

Slowly. 
i'K'  marii     i  Slow 


If 


-'S.  /«« 


'Vi    I  Slow 

Suddenly. 

(  Abruptly, 


K?  U^»' 


(  to  forget 
(Au  affirma- 
Uive  particle 
Suppose. 
J^U  ^'"y        I  Compare 
1^  ^<;  I  To  illustrate 


m  '''"'' 


Only. 

dook      )  Only 

'i       i  Is 


Perhaps. 
^  wo<        I  Perhaps 
^  c/My      I  One's  self 

In  the  first  place. 
■^  .lui        I  Before 
5^  chee       j  The  next 

In  the  next  place. 

-^  hoiD      I  After 
3\  f/jce       I  The  next 

In  the  last  place. 

J^  may  End 

The  next 


^  (Viee 


Pretty  good. 
^  An^  J  How 
jtf  ho         I  Good 


VERBS. 

Chinese  verbs  express  the  irf<;a  only  and  andergo  no  change  or  inflection  on  account  of  (ease  or 
mood.  The  nominative  or  subject  ordinarily  precedes  the  verb  eicept  when  the  first  person  is  meant, 
when  from  politeness  of  expression  it  is  usually  omitted,  unless  the  omission  would  render  the  nomi- 
native uncertain.  In  order  to  express  the  time  of  action  (i.  e.  the  different  shades  of  meaning  dependent 
on  what  we  term  mood  and  tense),  other  words  are  added  to  the  verb,  which  by  their  presence  give 
an  indication  of  the  exact  mood  and  tense  intended;  or  the  verb  is  so  placed  in  the  sentence  as  to 
shew  the  context  or  idea  intended.  This  simpliSes  the  learning  of  Chinese  verbs  immensely  doing  away 
with  the  necessity  of  committin<;  to  memory  any  thing  like  the  conjugations  of  verbs,  such  as  obtain 
in  Greek,  Latin,  French,  Spanish,  Italian  etc. 

The  passive  form  of  the  verb  is  rarely  employed  in  ordinary  conversation,  hence  the  study  of  it 
need  not  occupy  the  attention  of  the  beginner. 


211 


Awake. 
Q§  sun 

Because. 
^  yun  Because 

^y  I  To  do,  to  act 

Certainly. 
^^  deet        Clear 

1  True  sincere 
S^  cork 


yc  y^" 


I  faithful 

Completely. 

Finish 

Whole,  all, ( 
■^  chilri       entire,  com-^ 
(  plete  I 

l!BB  «'r/'*         Completely! 

Consequently. 
Q  yun  Because 

^  chee       \  This 

If. 
^  ye-uck      Perhaps 

In  rotation. 
^^  /(Hi        j  Turn 
^Ij  dontjh    )  Reach 

No. 
Pg-  ung        )  Not 

li  /«'^/'       )  Is 
Of  course. 

H  chee  Self 

1  An  affirmative  I 
particle  to  a 
reply,  yes,  of  I 


How  much, 
^g  kay  How 

^  (foM.9/t    1  Much 

Too  much. 
3fc  rf/e  j  Big 
^  dough    ]  Much 

Good  deal  of. 
^y  ho  Good 

^  cZougf/i    I  Much 

Very  much. 
^  (/ou^r/i    j  Much 
^  (Zo!/(j/t    )  Much 
Retail. 


lun 


# 


M  ^y 

—  yot. 


S    W!/ 


A  residue, 
remainder,] 
surplus 
Fragments,') 

,  odds    and 

'  ends 

Sell 

Wholesale. 

One 

j  Past-like  a 
desert-eu- 
tirely 

Sell 


Of  manner. 
Although. 
^  soo-e        Though 
j^  high         Is 

Asleep. 
3p!1  /"" 


Almost. 
h  say-ung\  Up 
\i\>  har        j  Ouce 

Altogether. 
— ■  yol  One 

■^^  chung       Generally 

Besides. 
-^   //;?!        1  Beside 
^p  vgoi-e      Outside 

Both. 
^  lay-ung    Two  1 

.^  (  A  classifier  I 

«  *°  I  this  i 

Either,  or. 
;jjjl  ^i'cA       j  To  repress 
^  it)o<  Or 

If 
-jl^  tawng     Supposing  if 
^  yca-ork\  Perhaps 

Enough. 
^  gow 

Entirely. 
Pf^  sigh 

Very  little. 
A/'  see-oo       Little 
-^  see- 00    j  Little 

Too  little. 
:fc  (/ie  I  Big 
■^'»  see-oo    )  Little 


210 


OrdiDarily. 
^  pun       I  Even 
H^  see         \  Time 

Often 
jif-  ho         Good 
^  dough  Much 

[Toturuback,} 
[p|  rwe      jto  revert,  a 
[time  or  turn  ' 
Recently. 
^  kuii        I  Near 

Sometimes. 

1  Have    or 


^  see 


^  «ee 
^  see 


(  some 
Time 
Then. 
That 
Time 
When. 
I  How 
I  Time 
Whenever. 
^g  kay  How 

^  see  Time 

'j^  /iwA         Is 


Of  quantity. 
About. 


3^  die  Big 


m '' 


To  make 


even 


Formerly. 
■^  sin        I  Before 
H^:  see        I  Time 

Hereafter. 

^Jcy-^^>9\  Shall 
^  /t)-e       I  Come 


Long  time. 
^  !w         \  Good 
^  (/()!«       I  Time 

Never. 
^^  c/iMHr;       Generally 
^  mo        j  Not 

Not  yet. 
pS-  u«^       )  Not 
'^  c/ntn      ]  Yet 

Now. 
-i^  kum       I  Now 
^  see         )  Time 

Now. 

M  y'"        I  Now 
^  see         I  Time 

Now  and  then. 

^  ffow         Time 
pS.  ,j,)<;  Not 

^  jfOio  Time 

Occasionally. 

:^  Imt         I  Not 
•^  s«y-u7)p    Always 


There. 
/,•<>         I  That 
^  </(fe       I  Place 

Ol'    TIMK. 

Afterwards. 

^  y-i'/i       I  Accordingly 
^  how       j  Behind 

Afterward,  (hereafter). 
^  /io?<;       i  After 
^  /o-e         Come 

Already. 
g,  yt'  To  finish  ] 

A   sign  of  1 
past  tjnse  j 

Always. 
^  see        I  Time 
^  see  Time 

At  last. 

(Search  exa-l 
vmiue  I 

(The  end  to 


$f  hu, 


^  ^wn 


'finish 


Constantly. 

Constant 

eternal 

Time 


'^  say-uiig 

^  see 

Formerly. 
;^  chwng       Since 
■^  c/ieew     1  Before 


209 


Midst. 
^  jo-e         At 
FJI   chung      Middle 
Amidst 
between 


m  ^- 


Opposite. 
^  dough-el  Scroll 
^  7nean        Face 

Outside. 
^f  ngoi-e      Outside 
^^  ftra?i      )  Edge 

Near. 
i^  say-wig]  Mutual 
j^  gun        \  Near 

That  side. 

Pfg  /.o         )  That 
^J  iea?z         Side 

Not  there. 
P§-  ?i;/(7  Not 

^  jo-c         At 
^  t7i(?(?         Place 

This  side. 
^^  jvr;?/        I  This 
^g  /;etn'       )  Side 

Toward. 
|M)    hay-ung 

Where, 
j^  Z^cax         Side 
^  <7i£e       ]  Place 


At  i.  e.  at  rest  in  a  place. 

^  jo-e 

Before. 

^  jo-e       \  At 
illy   (7iee;i     )  Before 

Before  (in  front  of). 
"^  cheen      j  Before 
^s  ?;eaH         Side  or  edge 

Behind. 
:^  how       \  After 
^^  /j«(?i      ]  Edge 

Below. 
~p  /iar        1  Below 
^  6(;a?i      )  Edge 

Close. 
j^  nnj 

Down. 
^^  lork 

Everywhere. 
j^  chee         Place 
^  c'A^c       I  Place 

For. 

Reach  to. 
^Ij  dough 

Here. 

^  jioy        I  This 
^  (7ice       )  Place 

Inside. 
^<^  lay  Inside 

55  tow  Head 


Yourself  can  play  organ 
or  piano. 

i'K^  nay 
g  chee 


51^  turn 
^  hum 


You 
Self 


o 
c 

a 

c 


Playing 
Music 


We  the  people  sit  here  and 
hear  him  preach. 


^  'ngaw 
itb  day 

^  choong 


We 


Multitude 


^  chee 


Sit 

This 

Place 


Here 


^  k-awng 


Hear 

Him 

Preach 

Blessed 

Song 


O 
o 

w 

CD 


ADVERBS,  PREPOSI- 
TIONS, CONJUNC- 
i         TIONS,  ETC. 

Of  place. 
Above. 
^  jo-e       \  At 
f-  sajz-MJigr]  Above  or  up 


20S 


1^  lung         With 

j^  i  His 

P^  ork  j  Elder     bro- 

^  jro  )  ther 

^  c/hiic  (  Sits 


CK 


c/ie 


Place  I 


I  (Myself)  sit  thinking 
^  »j;<uo       I        I  ^ 

"  Self     2. 


4^  cliato 


Sit 


jg[  say-urio  Think 
^  A«H  (ing) 

He  (himself)  sits  reading 
a  newspaper. 


fg  ko-e 
g   cAee 

Si  ^'^y 

^  chee 
^B  dook 

iff '"'" 

p^  mun 


He    L_ 


Self    2. 


Sit 


Read 

(ing) 
New 


Hearj 


2:1? 


^   ,  - 

Paper        ^ 


That 


o 


That  boy  is  clever  boy 

^   ininii     I  Male 
ff>yt.       )  Little)"^ 

^  high         Is 
HjII  f/ioo/f^r  1  Clever 
B^  mun       I  Clear 

A  woman  is  walking  with 
her  two  daughters. 


— ■  yot 

^5^  no-e 

A  y"« 

fg  ko-e 
^  lay-ung 

;;^  710-e 


One  or  a 


Female 


With 
Her 


^^  (htti 


dun 


Two 

Female  i.e. 
daughter 
Walk 
(ing) 


His  father  sits  with  his 
elder  brother. 


'fg  ko-e 


His 


Father  1  ^ 


Self 


Those. 
I  That 
)  (v.  s.) 
Those. 
I  That 
Uv.s.) 
Who. 
;^  see        I  Is 
f^  «oo-e     j  Who 

Who. 
^^  6ean      /  Which 
g^  «oo-e     I  Who 

Which. 
'\cif  ha  10 

Which. 

^  hean      j  Which 

iia  f^o    \  (ci) 

She  is  a  female, 
fg  /:o-e        She 

":&"  Ho-e      j  Female     a'' 

A  y"»       ]  Person  j  £- 

This  girl  is  pretty. 


3^  no-e 
ff  jeye 

ft^ho 


This 

Female  I  ijj 

Little      I  ^ 

She 

Is 

Good 


!/ert-u;(;;|  Figure 


207 

One. 

Myself. 

They 

or  them. 

yoi 

One 

A 

(ci) ! 

;Jj^  7uiaw       I 

1g  Ao-e 

1  He 

li  why 

g   dice       )  Self 

P^jl  (^«?/ 

(v.s.* 

A ;'/"" 

j  Persou 

2,  kay        iOue'sself]                      yon 

(plural). 

(  mail 

Yourself. 

1^  ""^ 

)  You 

A  J"'" 

A  y»" 

People. 

j^  Day           You 

pmif?<'2/ 

1  (v.  s.) 

1  People 
This. 

"                   Self 
S  kay       j 

^  ?'^aw 

My. 

1 

lit;  ''A^e 

Himself. 

Dgj£  kay 

Sign  of  pos- 

This of  these. 

1^^  ko-c         Him 

sessive  case 

tl|g,  nay 

1  A  demous- 
!  trativepro- 

g    chee       \ 

i  (v.  s.) 

Your. 

(  uoun 

Q  A-«y     j 

f^    »/«!/ 

)  You 

^»|  (/et'< 

ISignofpos-l 
Isessive  case 

Ourselves. 

P|t    ^-'V 

(v.  s). 

^  ?i£;'tn«     i 

\                        His, 

her,  its. 

Ijl^  ^"y 

That. 
This. 

^^                  We 

Hit  kay 

1  He,  her,   it 
1  (v.  s.) 

Bfe  ""^ 

(v.s.) 

B  -^-rt^/     1 

Our. 

ii  ^0 

i{cl) 
That. 

Themselves. 

We 

pM  ^-^ 

JTIiat 
)(cl) 
That. 
1  That 

1g  ^o-e 

.                  They 

'='                   Self 

I          1i5^  ""^ 

1                V^'hnj 

(v.  S.) 
Your. 

You 

10  i-o 

|(cl) 

Yourselves. 

"It  />-"y 

(v.s.) 

These. 

i^  noy         Y^^ 

Their. 

lit  ('Ace 

This           j 
A  sign  of  J 

'fg  ko-e 
:  Pl:-tJl<% 

They 

^^  a?«( 

/  the  plural   | 

)        1  P|£  ^-"^ 

(v.s.)    1 

*   (V,  s.) 

=  vide  supra. 

20G 


Ware. 

Souchong  tea. 

Imperial  tea. 

Z  '"^y 

>J>  «e«-o       Little   j 

i^  t/»v! 

Big     i 

Wax. 

^1  chung      Seed      | 

%  <■/'<'<• 

Pearl 

!^  l^'f-p 

^  c/wr        Tea       | 

^^  cArtr 

Tea      1 

Weather. 

Oolong  tea. 

lew  tea. 

^  taiH'      1  Heaveu 

i%  vicoo        Dark 

^  ^un 

New 

M  ^'"l/       \  AJr 

^  long         Dragon 

^^  (/((n- 

1  Tea 

Weather  vane. 

^  cAar        Tea 

Old  tea. 

^  ilun         To  settle 

Market  town. 

^  cow 

|01d 

M.fn!>;,          Wind 

^  wAo-e    )  Market 

•^  (7i(ir 

iTea 

a                                  1 

Pecco  tea. 

^  kay         Flag 

7p   see         1  Town 

Q  irtW 

White 

Clean. 

Value. 

,  - 

Down-fine 

fp  c/tun 

Witness 
gj£  c/j"«      1  Witness 

^  s«<        j  True 
^  (/ar        1  Price 
Velvet. 

Pecco 

hair 

Tea 

flowery  tea. 

y^  yi/?i        I  Person 

P^l   c/ifen     i  Cut 

^  /f"- 

Flower  j 

1^  xjung     \  Floss 

^  i«r< 

W^hite 

Victory. 

%ho 

Down 

PROUNOUNS. 

^  c/t^t'n     (  To  battle 
^  s((n          Victory 
Villain. 

I  or  me. 

Pecco  orange  tea. 
_b.  say-uihj  Up             j 
^  hay-img  Fragrant  ' 

You. 

jjfj-  garn        Crafty 

^_               1  Small  black 
^5C  koic 

\  'log             ) 

Pecco 

Tea           1 

scented  tea. 

He,  she,  it,  him,  her. 

^  hag-ung  Fragrant  1 

IE  ^o-e 

Wages. 

Q  hart 

White       ' 

We  or  ns. 

T  ^•""5'     /  Work 

%ho 

Down        ) 

^  "i'aw       I 

^  sUk       \  Eat 

Powchong  tea. 

Sign  of  the 

Wages. 

^  boic 

Wrap   1 

P^  >!ay          plural  of  ( 

T*  hmg      )  Work 

^  c/mny 

Seed 

1    persons 

§^.  )(^7ni        Silver 

^^  c/iar 

Tea 

205 


Coarse  tea. 
cho        I  Coarse 
char         Tea 


Midst  of  I?) 


Common  tea. 
Fp   chung 

FJ?  chung       Midst  of 
^  char         Tea 

Old  crop  tea. 
j(^  arp  Stamp 

:^  dung        Winter 
^^  char  Tea 

New  crop  tea. 
fl^  tow  Head 

^^  c/mn         Spring 
■^  char         Tea 

Small  tea. 
^55  sigiA       i  Fine  small 
^  c/wr         Tea 

Good  tea. 
^  /to  Good 

^^  c/i«r      I  Tea 

Gun  powder  tea. 
^m5  mar         Hemp 
J^  cAee         Pearl 
^  c/tar         Tea 

Hyson  tea. 
J5E  /m^         Light 
^^  chun         Spring 
^^  c/iaj"         Tea 


Sycee  silver. 
^.tU  sjV/A  Small 


i 


«ee 


1^ 


ngun 


Silk 
l  A  trace, 
mark 
Silver 


Tariff. 
^  quarn    \  Custom 
"PJ  lie  Law 

Tax. 

^g  cheen     \  Coin 
^  lay-ung\  Salary 

Tax. 

|JJ  «oo-e     I  Duty 
^  ??^«?i      I  Silver 

Tea. 
^  c/wr       I  Tea 
^  yeep      j  Leaf 

Black  tea. 

H  /<M<        I  Black 
^^  f/iar      j  Tea 

Green  tea. 
pg   f/a(?i      /  Green 


chi 


Tea 


Canton  tea. 
.^  sarn         Province 
^[j^  sun  Capital 

^^  char         Tea 


Signature. 
;pp  a7-t        I  To  sign 
;^  mun      I  Name 

Smoke. 
ij@  ym 

Snow. 

Somebody. 
^  «/o!o       1  Some 
y^  ?/u?i       j  Person 

Spider. 
5^  Icwn        To  hustle 
^  /((jy        I  Work   hard 

Spider  web. 

5^  /aw        ) 
^  mawng    Net 

Sponging. 
:^  ?«oo<        Rub 
Jf^  chun        Clean 

Story  (tale). 
^  far  Flower 

gg'  ?c/w?-     )  Tale 

Style. 
^^  7?H()z      I  Letters 
^  /ay        I  Doctrine 

Sun. 

Sunshine. 
0   yot  Sun 

^  quorng    Light 
24 


204 


Silk 

piece  goods. 

Deck. 

Sail. 

^  c/io;> 

Mix 

^,  sun        1  Ship 

ijlf  huj 

^see 

Silk 

^  mean     \  Face 

Fore  sail. 

Moss    or 

1 

!                  Rudder. 

fl^  <oj<7       1  Head 

^  /'<"•' 

j   bunch  of 

fift  su»        j  Ship 

ijlf  %         j  Sail 

hair        ' 

f^l(^  tic          \  Rudder 

Main  sail. 

Silk  (plain). 

Sign  board. 

A  '^'■^           Big 

5t  qtiortiff     Light 

:|'^  jino        1  To   invite 

ijlf  lay         j  Sail 

;§'   ,M« 

Body 

j{^  pie         )  Sign    board 

Mizzen  sail. 

j^.<-. 

Silk 

^  //((ly       1  End 

#/"'•' 

Moss 

1                   Signs. 

ij^  lay           Sail 

Silk 

(watered). 

^Ci  'J^<'-oo      Sign 

Mast. 

^i;|i  soo-e 

Little    I 

fl^  tow        j  Head 

M  '''"% 

^/«'- 

Flower  | 

Silk  raw. 

Fore  mast. 

M ««« 

Silk 

y^  foo        \  A  lake 

^  /02<;        J  Head 

^  /'"'' 

Moss 

U  *^<^         i  Silk 

^  rw%     I  Mast 

Silk  (embroidered). 

Silk  thread. 

Main  mast. 

^    ^U700 

To  attend  to  1 

^  ...           Silk 

f:  die         1  Big 

^^ 

j  To  embroi-f 

1^  «.en       1  Thread 

j^  vwhy     \  Mast 

li*""' 

\  der               ( 

Silk  floss. 

Hizzen  mast. 

^for 

Flower        | 

M  «^«        )  Silk 

^  woy       )  End 

Silk  worm. 

J^  yw'S'     I  Nap 

j^  vwhy     \  Mast 

Bold. 

^  charm 

Silk  cord. 

^  «i7H           Ship 

Shop. 

.^  s<-e          \  Silk 

Compari 

M/"' 

j  Store 

j|jj2  sM7i          Cord 

^  ^^'-"^    ^,,, 

fl^  ^ow 

j  Head 

Silk  ribbon. 

Cabin. 

Shop. 

^  «..           Silk 

^  sun          Ship 

Jl^  (/eem 

^  die        1  Ribbon 

1^  /oio        )  Balcony 

203 


Rope. 

Rag. 

Play. 

fjg  sun 

ifj  f'o 

)  Cloth 

^  jo         \  To  clo 

Salary. 

iiift  soo- 

e     )  Little 

^  hay        )  Theatre 

"(^  foon        Salary 
J[^  look         lucome 

M  '\V« 

Rain. 

Poetry. 
1^  see 

Security. 

n  _x 

^  hoto         To  wrap 
^¥  kwoon      Manage 

^/o 

Rat. 

j  Old 

Poison. 
-^  dock 

F*                     ;               o 

ji^  ««<; 

)  Mouse 

Satin. 

Politeness. 

y,^.                   A  name  of 
[^  Iwrn 

a  river 

jj*^  sar 

Rattan. 
Sauil 

f^  lie         1  Polite 
^  moTo        Demeanor 

^S  i«?i 

Rattan 

jf^  /oo          Treasure 

Port  clearance. 

^>§  <^Mwe         Satin 

JfX  «oi« 

Receipt. 
1  Receive 

W  P^^        )  ^'gi   board 

Security. 

fp    Jam 

Bill 

H^  chee-oo     Oversee 

.'\i  (/arm     )  Carry 

Postage. 

/*-t 

Remainder. 

-^  i-o            Protect 

^  yow 

Have 

'jg  sun       1  Letter 

Ship. 

^Ij  Chun 

^  chee      ]  Fee 

M^  ««n 

)  Remain 

Proclamation. 

Fast  boat. 

Rent. 

'^  /«         )  Quiclv 

jffl  /o 

j  Rent 

a-  90         j  Tell 

^  <cn          Boat 

§^  rigun 

Silver 

^\\  see          To  admonish 

Passage  boat. 

Riches. 

Promise. 

fj^  dough       Passage 

^  (7(oo-( 

(  Wealth 

|§  yun          Promise 

^  srt7i           Boat 

^  6«?'< 

jsiik 

_j                \  To  accept 

Small  boat. 

Riot. 

1  to  receive 

1                     i 

3^10  sigh       1  Small 

f^  .-/(a//!,- 

}  To  do 

Province. 

:|g  /ew        j  Boat 

Si '"" 

)  Mix   up 

■^  «a?v( 

Tanka  boat. 

Rocks. 

Provincial  city. 

—  sarm     i  Three 

Rock 

^  sarn      J  Province 

/^  barn        Boat 

;5'sc< 

Stone 

^  sun        1  Capitol 

202 


Muslin. 
^  k-(ir  Cambric 

^^  sar  Surplice 

^  ho  Cloth 

Muster. 
^^  i/t'a-u7}p  i  Kind 
•^  l,ee         \  Child 

Net. 
$B  tnmotig 

Oar. 

Occupation. 
^  sarn  Live 
^  ye  Purpose 

OccapatioD. 
^  «ee        j  Business 
^  yeep      '  Occupatiou 

Paste. 
^^chai/-ttn()\  Starch 
j^  vwoo       >  Paste 

Pipe. 
jflQ  j/i?i  SiDoke 

■^  tuwgr        Pipe 

Pistol. 
^■sow  jHaud 

^g  f /lay- !/  ti<i  'Gun 

Placard. 
^^  pee-oo  \  Banner 
^  /»«n^     1  Red 


Money  changing. 


Exchange 
Silver 


Monkey. 
jfj^  mar         Horse 
j§  /o!o  A  monkey 

Mood. 
^  ys< 

Moonlight. 
]^  yHt       j  Moon 
^  quorng  \  Light 

Mosqaito. 
^(1  mnn 

Mother  of  pearl. 
^^  vwun  Cloud 
-^  /no  Mother 

^  /iawi-        Shell 

Moose. 
^  lo  Old 

^  see  Mouse 

■^  jeye  Little 

Mud. 
j^  niijh 

Music. 
^  iigork    j  Music 
-^  y?/;n       )  Tuue 

Musket. 
,1^  knee-oo   j  Bird 
1^chai/-u7ig)  Gun 


Law. 

:^  /((<        \  Law 
^  /((;•<       )  Rule 

Leisure. 

59  /rar«        Leisure 
No  occu- 
pation 

Light. 
^  quorng 

List  (catalogue). 
i^  w/io-e      Open 


m  f^^r 


^J  /ee< 


To  arrange 


m  oruer 
Loose. 


^  sut  \  Louse 

^  nar  '  Female 

Lunch. 

yJN  see-oo  |  Little 

^^  t7/«rn  )  Meal 

Mark  (private). 
"^  dar  Strike 

Hg   arm  Private 

§^,  ho  Mark 


Meaning. 

Purpose 
Thought 


Mistake. 
^%  cho  j  Do 
^  ihaw     I  Wrong 


201 

Grass  cloth. 

Fly. 

Evidence. 

^  hnr        1  Summer 

411  vwoo     1  Dark 
i^  ?/'/«       '  Fly 

P   how          Mouth 

^  bo          i  Cloth 

-gt  kung     j  To  ofier 

Gratitude. 

Fog. 

Family. 

To  accept 

^    »iO 

^^  ^ar        /  Home 

^.  kiin       \  Kindred 

to  receive 

Freight. 

^^  y             Beuevoleut 

^  soo-e       Water  | 

Famine. 

Gun  powder. 

^  kay-ork  Foot 

0L  ^-"y       1  Hungry 

j/^  /or        1  Fire 
^  ?/e-ori  '  Powder 

^^  n^jtn        Silver 

j^  f along    Empty  waste 

Freight. 

Fire  works. 

Handle. 

^  c/u!?;        Car 

j^  yin        \  Smoke 

j]^    i!<!i 

^  kay-ork  Foot 

^  for        1  Fire 

Heat. 

^  j?^un        Silver   ] 

Fire  cracker. 

fl  -«/«< 

Glue. 

j|;^  pow         Guu 

Heaven. 

^  ^  jir/o)«       Cow    1 

'jl^  c/ioo^       Caudle 

^  <a/ie 

^  paj/           Skin 

Ferry. 

B^  gow          Glue  1 

_l:t**                            j 

Ivory. 

*-^                                                             / 

:^p|  toa/in        Across 

'^jay-ung\  Elephant 
^  H^ar      '  Tooth 

Goat. 
^  (7(0         J  Grass 

^  soo-e      j  Water 
Flag. 

^  yea-ung!  Sheep 

W;  ^<^y 

Lacquered  ware. 

Goods. 

•j^  chut      \  Lacquered 

ia  fore       )  Goods 

Flagstaff. 

^  hay       )  Vase 
Landing  place. 

i^  77io<       '  Things 
Goods  damaged. 

M  %        j  Flag 
i^  korn         Pole 

jE^  dough   \  Reach 

■^  soo-e        Water 

Flea. 

§^  totu        1  Head 

^  chick        Soak 

^^  <;o!(;       1  Dog 

Landlord. 

'^  /ore         Goods  ] 

'^  SM<         )  Lice 

^  po          j  Store 

Grass. 

Flower. 

^  gee        >  Lord 

^   c/(0 

-14  /«»• 

200 


Danger. 
^  <jutf        I  Danger 
Q^  heem      )  Dauger 

Darkness. 
^  arm 

Debt. 


^  fieem 


Owe 
Debt 


Deer. 


Dog. 
^ji)  goto 

Dollar. 
— •  yot  One 

^  ywH  Round 

^  vgun        Silver 

Dast. 
^  Jiiyi      /  Mud 
^  c/i«n      I  Dirt 

Duty  (tax). 
Il^  hay-uT)g\  Tax 
^^ngun      \  Silver 

Elephant. 

End. 
J|5(  sow       I  Receive 
J^  may       I  End 

Enemy. 
"(fL  c/iO!t)      I  Enemy 
dick       \  Foe 


Class  of  men. 
^  yun        1  People 
^  /o-e       )  Class 

Cloud. 


Commerce. 
^  7/jow      I  To  trade 
^  yjci-       )  To  barter 

Compass  (mariners). 
^g  lo  1  Law 

j^  ^-f(;t        )  Canon. 

Conversation. 
^  yew-e      )  To  converse 
^  ^arm       )  To  chat. 

Cotton. 
is  wean      1  Cotton 
^  /ar         )  Flower 
Crape. 
c/ioto      ]  Wrinkle 
sar         )  Silk 
Crockery. 
f^  c/iee       i  Porcelain 
^  hay        )  Vase 

Crowd. 
— •  yot         )  One 
i^  (lough-e)  Crowd 

Dancing, 
j^^  <ee-oo       Jump 

To  waddle 


mo 


Calm. 

^  »/io        1  No 
^fuvg       )  Wind 

Canal. 
^  _9ow        )  Ditch 
5^  Aoo-e      )  Sewer 
Cannon. 

*||Q  poio       )  Gun 
Canvas. 

IJjH  lay         I  A  sail 
^  bo  \  Cloth 

Cape. 
;^  ho-e       I  Sea 
•^  _9«w/:      J  Corner 

Card  (playing). 
i^K  [lee         \  Paper 


/>(« 


1^  ^"'" 


i  S'gQ 


Cargo. 


tore 


\  Ship 
)  Goods 


or  sway 


Cemetery. 
^fu7i        I  Tomb 
^  ?no         I  Grave 

Character. 

1  Rank  or 
I  grade 
'^  »a«  Nature 


tJp  P"" 


199 


Bachelor. 

* 

may 

Not 

^ 

chew 

-e       Marry 

# 

cheyi 

;         Wife 

Baggage. 

n 

ham 

Walk 

^ 

lay 

1  To  prepare 
for  a  journey 

Bal 

I  (for  play). 

m 

cow 

Bullet. 

w 

dan 

\  Ball  shot 

^ 

gee 

Little 
Bankrupt. 

m 

doiigli      To  fall  clown 

ikt 

F 

\  An  hearth 
Battle. 

^ 

dar 

1  Strike 

tt 

chay- 

img  ]  Weapon 

Bill 

(shopman's). 

ill 

chayung ) 

>  Account 

mook      )                      1 

m 

dan 

Bill           ] 
Bird. 

^^ 

chay- 

uck\  Sparrow 

'^ 

knee- 

■00  )  Bird 
Business. 

^ 

see 

I  Matter 

# 

honi 

)  Business 

:^fc  day 


^  ^■«" 


NOUNS. 

Nouns  have  neither  Declension 
nor  gender,  plurality  is  expressed 
by  the  use  of  numerals.  Animal 
gender  is  expressed  by  the  use 
of  terms  meaning  male  and  female. 

Account. 
^1^  c/iay-wn^    Account 
^   mook      )  Eye 

Air. 

i  Earth 
I  Air 

Alarm. 

j  Fright 
1^  koo-e      \  To  fear 

Alms. 
|h^  see  Flag 

^  say         I  To  bestow 

Ant. 

[feS  nguy 

Arms. 
^  qwon      I  Arms 
:g^  hay         \  Instrument 

Army. 
-^  hun         I  Soldier 
~y  dun  Person 

Arrow. 

Auction. 

:^  tow        (  To  bid  for 
^  my  To  sell 


Worst. 

gee        1  Most 


^  ork 


Bad 


Little. 


yjN  see-oo 

Less. 

J^  7M?i  More 

/Jn  see-oo    \  Little 

Least. 

^  jree         I  Most 

/Jn  see-oo    I  Little 

Handsome, 
^ffl  t/tun         Excellent 
f^  ,'/('e  Handsome 

More  handsome. 
J^  gun  More  j 

y^  chun 
^  gee 

Most  handsome. 
^  gree  Most 


Handsome 


m 


chun 


0.  gee 


Handsome  I 


Mg' 


ttuick. 


Otaicker. 
gun        I  More 


'i'^  Ae  Quick 

duickest. 

^^e         i  Most 
ie  I  Quick 


'1^^ 


198- 

More. 

Well. 

J5  </M«       )  More 

itf/,0 

^  tlongh      Much 

White. 

Most 

Q  bart      )  White 

^  i/ce        1  Mo.st 

fi  *'/cX-       j  Color 

^  t/o?<pA  j  Much 

Yellow. 

Short. 


(/{in 


Shorter. 


Bad. 


Worse. 
gun       )  More 


ori 


Bad 


^  toaung  )  Yellow 
■g^  «iVA       )  Color 


H  (7"n 

]  More 

TIIK 

COMP.ilUSON    OF 

^  (/fin 

AU.IECTIVES. 

j  Short 

The    comparative  of  adjeclivcs 

Shortest. 

is  ordinarily  expressed  ly  sufliiing 

Ihe  word 

Jra    jiiore  or  by  prc- 

^    Jfft! 

1  Most 

fixing  the 

word     B&     (;un. 

^c/in 

j  Short 

The  tvperlative  is  expressed  by 

prefixing 

the  word     ^^    r/ee. 

White. 

^  6ar« 

Whiter. 

^ho 

Good. 
Better. 

M  ^"" 

j  More 

^  bart 

j  White 

j^ho 

Good 

A  sign  of 

Whitest. 

jjIS  que 

)re      comparison 

M  9^e 

)  Most 

1                                               ' 

j  White 

more 

^  6ar< 

/ 

Best. 
^  gee        j  Most 
fty  ^'0         )  Good 


Much. 


Sweet. 


m'<^ 


me 


Thick. 


B  ''^ 


Thin. 


bork 


Tight. 


(IU» 


Timorous. 


J^j)  sowe     )  Heart 
Fear 


^   Uin 


^  dough 


Tranquil. 

^  pun      ]  Peace 
^  o»vi       \  Rest 

Ugly. 
Uuluckf. 

Uncertain. 
^  mo  )  Not 
^  f/"?i       )  Sure 

Vulgar. 
ffl  c/io        I  Coarse 
'f^^  ;oo^-      )  Commou 

V^'arm. 

Weak  (applicable  to  animals). 
J^  «arH      I  Weak 
^  j/uti      I  Weak 


Smooth. 


m 

wo  I 

Solemn. 

M 

yeem 

1  Severe 

m 

sook 

)  Austere 
Sorry. 

M 

buy 

)  To  repress 

If 

eye 

j  Troubled 

Sound 

(not  rotten). 

m 

keen 

Strong,solid 
1  constant 

m 

sut 

True             J 
Small. 

^h 

see-0 

Square. 

ij 

forng 

Stiff. 

«I 

ngarn 

Strong. 

^  kay-ung \  Strong  bow 

^chorng    ]  Hale 

Straight. 

% 

chick 

Stupid. 

;1 

ye 

1  Foolish 

M 

cliun 

)  Stupid 

Suitable  (very). 

^ 

gee 

Arrive  to 

^ 

harp 

To  join 

it 

sick 

An  example 

^ 

lar 

• 

sook 


Uf^ 


00 


high 


yrn 


197 
Ripe. 

Rotten. 

Rough. 

Round. 


Safe. 
^S  loon  Secure 

^^  To    pledge 

Mdornq 

/  sately 

Salted. 
Satiated  (not  hungry). 


Several. 


Shallow. 
Sg  cheen 

Sharp. 
^  cheem   )  Poiuted 
5^J  lay        )  Sharp 

Short, 
^g  dane 

Sick. 
yff  yow       )  Have 
^  ben        \  Sick 


Slow. 


v^  mam 


Obedient. 
Ijg  sun 

Obscure. 
Hg   arm 

Old. 
■g  goio 

Poisonous  heart. 
1^  yuvi      \  Shadow 
-f^  dook     )  Poison 

Quick. 

Poor. 
^^  pun       j  Poor 
_„  ';  Impover- 

^^  (ished 

Possible. 
#  io  j  To  do 

^  (f)t<       I  Get 

Private. 
Tp,  see 

Public. 

Red. 

"^  sici       )  Color 

Rich. 
'g  /oo        )  Rich 
y^  chook    )  Enough 

Right  (not  left). 

-^  yow 

23 


196 


Left  (not  right). 
/^   chaw 

Light  (not  heavy). 
^  Icun 

Limber. 

Long. 
-^  rhay-unff 

Loose  (not  tight), 
^g  sooiig 

Low  (not  high). 

Lncky. 

Narrow. 
■^  chart 

Many. 
^  dough 

Male  (of  brnte  creation). 

Merry. 

I  To  sport,  to 
play 
To  jest,  to 

I  mock 

Wear. 
j5^  ^«» 


iE  ye-uck 


New. 


ff 


Green. 
Jj^  /ooi-      \  Green 
^  sicZ:       I  Color 

Heavy. 
^i   chung 

High. 

Hot. 

Hungry. 

Impossible, 
gff  (/(7?i         To  stop 
!!]^  but  Not 

g^  ?(!<«  Can         I 

Indastrions. 
1^  kun       I  Diligent 
^  lick       i  Strength 

Intoxicated, 
"g^  yum         Drink 
^  chew-e     Drunk 

Big. 

Lazy. 
^^  //e        )  Lazy 
door      \  Indolent 


m 


Lean. 


False, 
"fg  <iar       j  False 
j^  ngyjh    \  Pretend 

Far. 

Fat. 

Female  (of  brnte  creation). 
^  war 

Few  or  little. 
^  xee-o 

Fine  (not  coarse). 

Fortunate. 
jff  /(o         I  Good 
^  (7io-<?     I  Lucky 

Fresh  (not  salt). 
j^  dann 

Full  (not  empty). 
}^  moon 

Glad. 

1^'  /oo7<      I  Happy 
^  hoy         I  Joy 

Good. 
^ho 

Good  (exceedingly). 
^  chew-e  I  Most 
^  /*o         I  Good 


Dangerous. 

^  ".9"y      I  Danger 
G^  heem        Dauser 


Dear  (not  cheap). 
Price 
Dear 


queye 


Deep. 
*^  sowe 

Difficult. 
H^  »iflr))      Hani  difficult 
m  )o         \  To  do 
Dirty. 

*l)^  i'?/'oo     i  Dirty 
^£  «)/(?/         Filthy 

Disobedient. 

Dry. 

Dull  (not  sharp;  stupid). 

§^    SU71 

Dumb. 
D55  <ih         1  Dumb 
"^  skI-       1  Color 

Easy. 
^  ?/e  Easy 

-^  /o         I  To  do 

Empty. 
J^  lioong 


195 

Cheap. 

"^  gar        \  Price 
^p  p(/n        I  Even 

Clean. 


f£  ^-oj'H      I  Dry 
J^  c/tn)gf     i  Clean 


m 


Clear. 


Coarse. 


Cold. 

)^  danft 

Comprehensible. 

^;  sicl:        1  Know 
^  (/u«  Get 

Cool. 

J^  l«y-'>"'!! 

Correct  or  true. 

Crooked. 

Cruel. 

^  <■/;?/ J!      I  Destroy 
^  ?/M??        \  Harsh 

Damp. 


ADJECTIVES. 


All. 


I  A  cage  or  j 


I  basket 
5^  chung       Whole 

Anxious. 

t(^  some        Hoart 
;^|>  qitdr       Hang  up  ] 
^  (•/«'«  Dwell 

Apt  or  handy. 

^^  (■/»««        Excellent    , 
Subtle    or 
intelligeat 

Bitter. 


lii 


Black. 


ha 


Black 


"^  .«!Vi-       I  Color 
Boiling. 

Bright. 

Broad. 

Brown. 
>J^  c/ning    1  Browu 
•^  «)VZ,-        I  Color 


l'J4 


to8) 

I    .  I  A    c)a»8itior    of 

1  ■!         ;       ,  I  suiull  nai'cels.of 

^1      '•'""•'  j  ,, en,,  ropes  elc, 

I    U  /liedwitliastring. 


The  ii»c  of  5S  illustrated. 

A  Bunch  of  greens. 

— •  yot  Oue  I        j 

i^  chart       (cl)    \  ' 
^  cho-e       Greens 


(GO) 


-j-j^  I  A  classifier  of 

/  \^.  door  'clouds,  bunches 
^/|^  of  tlowers,  etc. 


The  use  of  59  illustrated. 

A  Banch  of  flowers. 

—  wot  One  ( 

^  door        (cl)   \ 
^  far  Flower 


A    classifier    of 
-J-f|-f  I       lonehiDery, 

J.j\-A   niir        clock:*,    frames, 
~/lVC^  /stringed,  instru- 

'       ments,  etc. 

The   use  of  60  illustrated. 

A  Clothes  horse. 

— •  yot  One  \ 

^gar  (cl)    j 

Z^  ye  Clotbinf 

fl^  Jook  ClolhiDg  1 


^ 


(B4) 

I  A    classifier 
korn     of    baiuboo 
(  sticks. 


The  use  of  54  illustrated. 

A  Bamboo. 

One  I 

A 
(cl)  I 

Bamboo 


— ■  yot 

^  korn 
^fy  chook 


(55) 

/  . /.  I  A    classifier 

*f^=i^  kiooon  I  of  niites,    or 

1=1  (hollow  tubes. 

The  use  of  5"i   illustrated. 

A  Flute. 
— •  yot  One 


kwoon 
s/ie-oo 


(cl) 
Flute 


(G«) 

I  A  classifier  of 
joints,  verses, 
or  business. 


The  use  of  Sfi  illustrated. 

A  Joint  of  bamboo. 
— •  yot  Oue  I 

IP  geet         (cl)  I 
-Yf  chook       Bamboo 

(57) 

I  to  1  ^  classifier  of 

•Xuj*  low     ,  skeins  of  .silk, 
'h3Z  I  or  thread. 

The  use  of  a?  illustrated. 

A  skein  of  silk. 

— •  yot  One  / 

^  loio  (cl)   \ 

^  .^ee  Silk 


^ 


(SO) 

I    A    cinssifior  of 
'wood,  tiles,  glass, 
pet'li  jcti-  ;lliikcsofsnow, 
/   and  Hat  things. 

The  use  of  50  illustrated. 


A  Piece  of  wood. 
— •  yot  Oue 

(cl) 
Wood 


tip  peeu 
^^  Diook 


(51) 

I  A    classifier 
mow  \  of    plots   of 
laud. 


The  use  of  51   illustrated. 

A  Plot  of  ground. 
— ■  yot  Oue  I 

gX  "'ow        (cl)  I 
fg  ten  Field 

(52) 

i  A  classifier  of 
J^\^    put      silk,    or    dry 

'^^^  '  goods  in  bolt. 


The  use  of  52  illustrated. 

A  Piece  of  cloth. 
— ■  yot  Oue 

ifi  bo 


(cl)   \ 
Cloth 


(53) 


c/niru 


A  cla.ssifier 
of  lau)ps. 


I'he   use  nf  63  illustrated 

A  Lamp. 
Oue 


—  yot 

^  charii        (cl) 
j|{J*  (/«;/  Lamp 


193 


*: 


(47) 

[  A   classifier  of 
7  I    volumes,  or 

'     bundles    ot 
books. 


The  use  of  47  illustrated 

A  Book. 
— ■  yot  Oue 

2JJ  boon         (cl) 
^^  shii  Book 


A 


(48) 

I .  ,  J  1  A   classifier 

ijHt  Jow      of  trees,  and 
I  /L)  plants. 


The  use  ot  <18  illustrated, 

A  Tree. 
— •  yot  Oue  I 

^±)£.Zot.        (cl)    \ 
jf^  see  Tree 

A  Blade  of  grass. 
— •  yot  One 

;fWb  ,;oi«         (cl) 


Grass 


fl:i 


bar 


(44) 

A  classifier  of  beards, 
fan3,  firewooil.tliiugs 
tied  with  a  string, 
or  of  umbrellas. 


^ki 


(49) 

1  A    classifier 
gee     \  of     incense 


The  use  of  44  illustrated. 

A  Fan. 

— •  yot  One 


sticks. 

The  use  of  49  illustrated. 

A  Incense  stick. 

— •  yot  One 

!l(t  gee  (cl) 

^  hayuiig    Incense 


A 


ffi  tar 


(cl) 


j^  se««         Fan 

A  Bundle  of  wood. 

— •  yot  One 

(cl.) 
Wood 


^br, 


clieye 


(45) 

A  classifier  of 
burdeus  carried 
oil 
ders. 


darni'.^,,    tlie  51,0^1, 


The  use  of  45  illustrated. 

A  Load  of  water. 
Oue) 


—  yot 


|0   darm        (cl) 
5»JC  soo-e       Water 


^ 


(40) 

!A    classifier 
of  cash. 


The  use  of  46  illustrated. 

A  Cash  (a  coin). 
— •  yot  One 

■^  mun         (cl) 
^  cheen       Coin 


(40) 

I  A   classifier  of 
,        1  stories,  of  hou- 
'^"""     ses,    of    layers 
(  etc. 
The  use  of  40  illustrated. 

A  Story  (of  a  building). 
— .  yot  Oue 

^  chun         (cl) 
\^  loio         Building 

(41) 

g    I  1  A   classifier  of 

V\K  jaiP       walls,     places, 
r   I   '_  I  houses  etc. 

The  use  of  41    illustrated. 

A  House. 
One 

(cl.) 
House 


IS"  oah 


(42) 

*-—^  I A  classifier 

■4   i    liawnq  \ 
I  J  f  °^  rows. 

The  use  of  42  illustrated. 

A  Row  of  characters. 
— •  yot  One 

^  hatoig      (cl) 
^  cJiec         Letter 


f^ 


(43) 

1  A  classifier  of 
1  times,     or     of 
■''""     J  complete  num- 
bers. 


'I'he  use  of  -i-i  illustrated. 

A  Complete  tenth. 

-  yot        '^■^'^  I  ^  j 

JC  sun  (cl)   \ 

W  so  Tenth 


102 


I: 


«30) 

A  classifier  of 
niiiltitudcs,  or 
■>^ /'""''   ]    cougrosatod 
\y  '  masses  of  nioii. 

The   lis.'  of  .-i'i   illii^tr.iti'.l, 

A  Crowd  of  men. 


The  use  of  32  illustrated. 

A  Mandarin. 


f3  /on- 

A  y"" 


%^  /on-         (cl) 
Man 


Onej^j 


— ■  yot 

fe   qwoon     Maiitlariu 


(cl)  '        ' 


E 


(SO) 

j  A  classifior  of 
pot      !|)iiiTS,oflioises, 
f     01'  beiiids. 


foMiq 


—  yot 


One 


^   fooiip       (cl)   I 


^  sun  Letter 


A 


(38> 


.jl   I  lA  classifier 

Az.l   dounh-e  of  things  in 
**^«  f      pairs. 

The  use  of  38  illustrated. 

A  Pair  of  shoes. 


—  yot 


Oue 


^  douch-e   (cl)  \ 
in  /tiyj         Shoe 


(30» 

I  A  classifier  of 

coke     games  of  chess, 

/orChcss  boards. 

The  iisi"  of  3'.(    illustrated. 

A  Game  of  chess. 


—  yot 

^Q  coke 


Onej 
(cl)   \  ■ 
Chess 


or) 

i  A  classifier  of 

letters,    or 

seals,  or  silver 

money. 

The  use  ol  37  illustrated. 

A  letter. 


(33) 

m//-  (a  classifier  of 

^y^  \  mouthsful. 

The  use  of  .'53  illustrateil. 

A  Mouthful  of  rice. 


The  U90  of  2'J  illustrated. 

A  Horse. 

— ■  yoi  One  j 

E  />"'       (cl)  ) 

jfiy  '"<"'        Horse 


— ■  y^t 


One 


Pj^  darm       (cl) 
•^^  /am         Rice 


A 


lEj 


(34) 

A  clossihor  uf 

parts,  or  divi- 

rtooo-c  J  &ions,  of  little 

books,    times, 

etc. 


The  use  of  31  illuslrated. 


A  Chat. 


— •  yot 

(EJ  vwoo-e 
j/]-\  see-oo 
i^  seal 


One 
(cl)  \  "  \ 
Littlel  ^i 
Talk  j^] 


(3.-) 

I  A  classifier  of 
latie   ■,   things  that 
f  are    round. 

The  use  of  35  ilhiftriited. 

A  Ball  of  mud. 

— •  tfot  One  I 

I  A.  I 
|s|]   tane  (cl)    ) 

J^  iii(j/i         Muil 


(30) 

1  A  classifier  of 
diiii     '   portions,  or 
/  paragraphs. 

The  use  of  30  illustrated. 

A  Plot  of  ground. 
— •  yot  Oue  ( 

g|  dun  (cl)    \       I 

Earth       ( 
ground 


^  day 


(31) 

* >  1    A  clii.ssifier 

1^1  f/o-c    i  of  words,  and 


sentences. 

The  use  of  31  illustrated. 

A  Sentence  (of  a  book). 
— ■  yot  One  / 

^  go-e         (c!)   \ 
S&  shu  Book 


(33) 

^  ,  1  A  classifier  of 
1=1      ■„         oflicers,   go- 

*^  ~3  ''  j  vein  meats,  or 

-^   ^  I       dollars. 


191 


The   use  of  25  illustrated. 

A  Visitor 

r\        I        ^ 
— •  yot  Uiie 

^  A 

'{^  why         (cl)    j 

^  hart  Visitor 


(26) 


It     dough 


A   classifier 
of  knives,  or 
quires  of 
[       paper. 

The  use  of  26  illustrated. 

A  quire  of  paper. 
— ■  yot  One 

_7J  dough      (c!)    ) 
^  gee  Paper 


<2r) 


l^^ri  A  classifier  of 

sets,  or  lots. 

The  use  of  27  ilhistriited. 


A  suit  of  armor. 

— •  yot  One 

m  karp        Armor 


^ 


(38) 

/  A   classifier  of 
l)()ic    ■     buudies,   or 
[  wrapped  tilings. 


The  use  of  28  illustrated. 

A  bundle  of  books. 

— •  yot  One  | 

^  boil)  (cl)    ) 

^  shu  Book 


(22) 

»  I  A  clasflifier  of 

1~v    liar      blows  of  hand, 
Iwlaip,  orsticli. 

The  use  of  22  illustrated. 

A  blow  of  the  band. 
— •  yot  One  I 

~p\  har  (el)    \ 

■^  sow  Hand 


R 


(23) 

I  A  classifier  of 
ehi'.en  \  tbings strung 
together. 


The  use  of  2'}  illustrated. 

A  string  of  fragrant  beads. 

— ■  yot  One 

^   cheen       (cl) 

^  liayung  Fragrant 
Beads  or 
pearls 


J^  '■/. 


(24) 

_j--^  I  A  classifier  of 

~y^    *""     i  carriages  and 
yy^  I  sedan  chairs. 

The  use  of  24  illustrated. 

A  sedan  chair. 

— •  yot  One 

^  sun  (cl) 

fS  ^ey-oo     Sedan  chair 


/v* 


(25) 

A  classifier  of 


\   *   why       persons  of 
A  (respectability. 


The  use  of  18  illustrated. 

A  Hat. 

— •  yot  One 

T§  dun  (cl) 

t|jg  ??io  Hat 


A 


^ 


(10) 

A    classifier 


ciiarn 


of  meals. 


The  use  of  19  illustrated. 

A  meal  of  rice 
— ■  yot  One 


C/iarn 


(cl) 


A 


/((?■/(        Rice  cooked  | 


(SO) 

I  A    classifier 
sow    1  of  odes,  and 
(  poems. 

The  use  of  20  illustrated. 

A  Poem. 


— •  yot 


One 


sow  (cl) 

see  Poem 


(21) 

1  A  classifier  of 
Jj^j^  deem     drops,  dots, 
\1  ^^  f   and  hours. 

The  USB  of  21    illustrated. 

A  drop  of  oil. 

— '  yot  One  / 

^j5   deem        (cl) 


190 


1  A  classifier  of 
=»  Itu'-e  pliij'S,  messes. 
E:^  (  or  tiiblesful. 

The  use  of  15  illuslratcil. 

A  mess  of  food. 
One  I 


— '  'jot 


tof-e        (cl)    I 
fli^i  soovo     Mess 


Il5 


1  \  classifier  of 
teep   !  sticking  sub- 
I  stances. 


The  use  of  10  illustrated. 

k  medical  plaster. 
— •  yot  One 

%^  Mp  (cl) 

^  <70  I  Ointment! 

^  ye-ork   \  Plaster 


A  Carriage. 
— ■  yol  One 

!^  cor  (cl) 

A  Locomotive 
One 


Carriage 


— •  I/ot 

^  /"or*' 
^-  chay 
b5  tow 


(cl) 


w       r 

«  S     2 


Head 


/ 


EEl 


wot 


(13) 

1  V  cl;issifiei'  of 
'  strokes  in  clia- 
/i-acters,or  lines. 


(17)  I 

A  classifier  of 

bowers, 

quails,  or 

Ciists,  etc. 


The  use  of  17  illustrated. 

A  squall  of  wind. 

—  yot  One  )  ^ 

|J|:  'f'U7,  (cl)    ) 

^  t;ai;i  \Vind 


The  use  of  13  illustrated. 

One  stroke  character. 
— ■  yot  One 

^  wot  (cl) 

^  cAee         Letter 


M 


(14) 

A  classifier 


hAf  L-woo  '   of  cords,  or 
'■^^  I  shares 


The  use  of  It  illustrated. 

One  share  trade. 


(i«) 

fl  K  classifier  of 
tlui)      bats  and  caps. 
■^  >  '  and  tops. 


—  yot 


One 


^  ktooo       (cl)   ) 
/tp  Srtrn         Live    |  = 
^  »/e  Miud 


An  Affair. 

— •  yot  One 

^  keen         (cl) 
^  w?  Affair 


A  Case  (at  law). 

— ■  yot  One  i 

ff^  keen         (cl)   j 
^.  I  Ca.se  (at 

I  law) 

A  Shirt. 
— •  yot  One  I 


f|:/. 


^eH 


(cl) 


pi^  sarm        Shirt 


(12) 

■y^l^  i  A  classifier 

\-\-'  car     •  of    wagons, 
iiiij  \    carriages. 

The  use  of  12  illustrated. 

A  Car. 
One 


— ■  .y' 

^  far  (cl) 

^  chay        Car 

A  Railway  car. 
— •  yot  One  | 


A 


car 
'ore 


en 


oy 


(cl) 
Fire 
Car 


189 


i 


i\L 


nup 


<10) 

A  classifier  of 

grain,    seeds, 

pearls,  buttons, 

etc. 


The  use  of  10  illustrateJ 

A  Grain  of  Rice. 

— ■  iiot  One  / 

jjfjt  nup         (cl)    \ 
y^  my  Rice 

A  Grain  of  Wiieat. 

— '  yot  Oue  f 

%knup  (cl)    ( 

^  mart  Wheat 

A  Bean. 

— ■  yot  One  \ 


^  dow 

A  Grain  of  Sand. 


(cl)    \ 
Bean 


— •  yot  One   | 

^jfft  nup  (cl) 

']^  sar  Sand 


ft 


(11) 

I  A    classifier 
keen  \    of  things 
in  geueral. 


The   use  of  1 1  illustrated. 

A  Thing. 

— •  yot  One  / 

m.  h* 

-Pp  keen        (cl) 


A  Stick. 
— •  yot  One 

t^  gee  (cl) 

^^  qiione      Stick 

A  Twig. 


—  «/0i! 

— •  yot 

i^  gee 


One 
(cl) 
Tree      |  ^ 
Branch  P^ 
A  Mast. 
One 
(cl) 
Mast 


A 


\ 


ffl 


(0) 

- — -  1   A  classifier  of 

• — '  f     J    I   maps,  scrolls, 
J'^^"      wall  flags,  pieces 
(    of  ground  etc. 

The  use  of  9  illustrated. 


^  mot 


Thiuff 


A  Picture. 

— '  yot  One 

t|jg  fook         (cl) 

^^  tvliar        Picture 

A  Lot. 

— ■  yot  Oue  ) 

-  A 

ijig/ooi-        (cl)    ) 

(iround 

or   lot 

A  Wall. 

— ■  yot  One  / 

1^1^  fook         (cl)    I 

■ling  Wall 


:Hfc  day 


The  use  of  7  illustrated. 

A  Door. 
— •  yot  One  j       1 

^  dough       (cl)    i 
P^  jwoon        Door        ] 

A  Court. 

— •  yot  One 

j5^  dough      (cl) 


Court  J  Oi 


P^  jHoon       Door 

A  Curtain. 
— •  yot  One  ) 

^  dough       (cl)    ' 
^  Z>o  Cloth 

^S  teni         Curtain    i' 

A  Custom  house. 
— •  yot  Oue 

^  (^oup'/i      (cl) 
^^  soo-c 

^g  quarn 


A 


Tax 

? 

1  Bolt  of  a 
door 

O 

+^ 


(8) 

A  classifier  of 
I  slender  thingd, 
J  las  pencils,  masts 

(      flowers  etc. 


The   use  of  S   illiistraled. 

A  Stalk. 


—  yot 
i^  g<^e 

^  kor, 


One) 

A 
(cl)   ) 

Stalk    of 

a  plant 


188 


—  yot 

Pg   ten 


A  Cloth. 
One  1 
(cl)   i 
Cloth 

A  Field. 

One 

(cl) 

Field 

A  Skin. 

One  I 
(cl)  \ 
Skin 


^J 


H 


1  A   clii.''sifier 
karii  ,  of  buildings 


[  and  rooms 

The  use  of  G  illustrated. 

A  Room. 

— ■  ijol  One  1 

^  karn        (cl) 
^f  fawng     Room 

A  Baildiag. 

— •  yol  One 

^  karn        (cl) 
^  low  Building 


(7) 


/. 


1  A  cUiiisifier  of 
(lough     boats,  door, 
(gates,  bridges. 


<4) 

I  A  elassi- 

I  I     fior  of 

chay-umf     ^^^^„^ 

(sproiid  out. 
The   use  of    l  illnslratiil. 


A  Bed. 

— •  yot  One 

'^chay-ung  {(\) 
J^  chawng    Bed 
A  Sheet. 

— •  yo«  One 

^chay-uvg  {d) 
^  />«»/  Coverletj  ^ 

^  </«,•«        Single    )  ^ 

A  Knife. 

— ■  ijol  One  I        1 

A  ( 

^chay-ung^cX)    j        - 

7J  dough      Knife 

A  Stool. 
— •  yol  One 

^  chay-ung  (cl) 
£^  (/««         Stool 


A  Cow. 

— •  yot  One  | 

•^  /a/c  (cl)    ) 

4^  ji^ou)  Cow 
A  Finger. 

— •  yol  One 

^  ^a^f  (cl) 
.^  sojo  Hand    j  *Z- 

^  c/jee  Finger  |  » 


Jti 


(») 

[  A  classi6er 
tee-oo       of  long 
(      things. 

The  use  of  3  illastraled. 

A  River. 


A 


<.'5) 

D  »-VI  (  ^  classifier  of 

tIjEI    •        '  ''°'"'''**'  I»"ies, 
Jyj^-^''^       I  slices,  pieces 
y^  C  '        lumps. 

The  use  of  5  illustrated. 

A  Stone. 
— •  yot  One  1 

^A     (cl)  r 

^  set  Stone 


— ■  i/ot  One  ) 

■J!^  /cr-oo      (cl)    ) 

j^pj   haw  River 

A  Tongae. 

— •  yol  One  ) 

>  A 
^  U'l'-oo       (cl)    ) 

PJ  /''y  Tongue 

A  Trousers. 

— ■  yol  One  | 

-^  ;ee-oo  (cl)    ) 

^  foo  Trousers 

Principle  or  reason. 

— ■  yol  One 

-j^  tee-oo  (cl) 

1  Principle! 
3g  lay  or 

f  Reason 


PARTS  OF  SPEECH.  ARTICLES,  ADJECTIVES,  NOUNS, 
PRONOUNS,  ADVERBS  ETC. 


Person  i  p 


A  Woman. 

— •  yot  One 

j@  ko  (cl) 

-^  vo-e  Female  j  < 

A  ^"" 

A  Heaven. 

— ■  yot  Oue  ) 

M  ko  (cl)   I 

^  la7ie  Heaven 

A  Book. 

— ■  yot  One  ) 

M  ko  (cl)    j  ^ 

^^  «/(M  Book 

^S  rhick  Tablet 


(3) 

A   classifier  of 

vessels,    animals 

tliat   walk  and 

parts  of  llie  body 

tliat  are  multiple. 

The  use  of  2  illustrated. 

A  Ship. 

— '  yot  Oue  ) 

_  \  i 

^  jate  (ci)    ) 

{^\^  .sin  Ship 


THE  CLASSIFIERS  * 

or 
THE  INDEFINITE  ARTICLE. 

Illustrations  of  the  em- 
ployment of  classifiers  in 
ordinary  speech. 


^ 


(1) 

[  A    classifier  of 
ko        .  lumps,  or  clods 
'  or  a  piece. 

Tnc  use  of  1   illiistrateil. 

A  Man. 


^B  iiarm 


Oue 

(cl)    I 

Male      /  gi 
Persou     ° 


ARTICLES. 

It  is  customary,  in  speaking  of 
material  objects  to  precede  them 
with  a  numeral  eipressing  the 
exact  number  of  objects  intended. 
—  The  use  of  the  Indefinite  Ar- 
ticle is  thus  superseded.  —  Be- 
tween the  numeral  and  the  noun, 
an  appropriate  word  called  a 
CLASSIFIER  is  iutroduced;  this 
word  is  of  a  generic  character, 
that  is,  it  is  applied  to  a  certain 
class  of  objects  supposed  in  some 
respects  to  be  ANALAGOUS.  In 
the  English  language  the  words, 
length,  piece,  and  slice,  etc.  are 
similarly  used  —  as  a  length  ol 
rope  —  piece  of  business  —  etc.  — 

Thus  in  Chinese  the  word  T«^ 
gee  meaning  a  branch,  is  applied 
to  pens,  candles,  whips,  and  other 
straight  things  e.  g.  — ■  7^ 
■^p-  yot  gee  hut  —  one  (elassi- 
fier)  pen,  —  j^^  ^  ^ 
yot  gee  viar  bean  —  one  (classifier) 
horse  whip. 

The  adjective  comes  between 
the    classifier  and  its  noun,  thus 

— '  -tX    /\.  ^n    J"""  9^"  '''* 
but  —  one  (classifier)  big  pen. 


We  have  numbered  the  classifiers  for  convenience  in  study. 


186 


SPECIMENS  OF  CHINESE  POETRY.  *  f 
''On  taking  leave  of  a  Friend." 

^  -^  ^  ^  -p  ^  m  X- 

/^  3|5  i;  ii  ^t  ^  ffi  ffi 

m  m  t^  B  m  ^{')m  )i 

8      7      G      5      4      3      l;       i: 

"Teu  years  have  elapsed  since  last  we  parted, 

And  no  sooner  have  we  met,  than   we  part  again: 

We  may  bind  ourselves  by  promises  to  renew  this  meeting, 

But  we  shall  never  be  so  young  as  we  are  now  ! 

The  shadows  of  the  passing  clouds  speedily  vanish  — 

The  fallen  leaf  returns  not  to  its  branch  : 

Should  I  fly,  like  the  wild   bird,   to  seek  you  in  the  south. 

In  what  part  of  you  blue  mountains  shall  we  meet?" 

"On  giving  liberty  to  a  Butterfly." 


niM  MM  m  W  iic  '^ 

mmmmm^mm 

87654       32       U 

"Those  variegated  hues  should  be  less  rashly  exposed, 
The  recesses  of  the  mountains  are  thy  proper  haunts: 
The  fragrant,  but  short-lived  herbs  are  there, 
And  those  airy  paths  will  best  suit  thy  flight: 
Thy  crimson  form  is  heavy  with  dew, 

Thy  embroidered  wings  should  expatiate  in  the  clear  breeze: 
Destruction  here  awaits  thee  from  the  fondness  of  the  boy, 
Go  then,  and  hide  thy  treasures  from  his  reach." 

•  From  "Poetry  of  the  Chinese"  by  J.  F.   Davis. 

t  For  a  literal  translation  with  phonetic  pronunciation,  see  appendix. 

+  These  numerals  have  reference  to  the  stanza. 


185 


SPECIMEN  PAGE  OF  A  CHINESE-ENGLISH  DICTIONARY. 


(  302  ) 


Rad.  97  and  98.     17  Strokes. 

hiiiry  squash;  =^  |  ,  a  large,  coarse 
squash;  ^^  [  ,  a  pumpkin,  -^  \  ,a 
small,  yellow  squaah;  i{j}  5^  I  ^. 
the  country  is  cut  up  like  the  carpels 
of  a  squash;  |  ^|^,  a  green-grocer's 
stall ;  ^  I  ,  a  kind  of  pickle  made  of 
the  small,  white  cucumber,  |  Jy^jflj 
/i^,  to  change  when  the  melons  are 
ripe,  i.e.  nest  year;  |  J^,  a  long,  oval 
'■*<^;  R-^^  1  -lb,i^.'l"  you  then 
Louipare  me  to  a  gourd? 
5   IT^  ^p'ltw,  a  gourd,  a  calabash. 


11^ 


tit ,  young  cucumbers  or  melons;  JJ\ 

large  and  small  melons-  posterity, 

children  and  grand-cLildren 

^   SH    "'      ^    ft   ^   f^l^^^^^li;   ^^^  bottlo- 

Kourd;     I    =gg.  R   140 

1  1    Sjj^  ,/'*''',  a.  calabash,  a  gourd  ;  u  dippt-.r  ; 

I    •^,  only  one  gourd  for  drink- 

111^';  j^   I    .  a  cocoa-nut  dipper. 
14    Wl^  >'''"".  *1^*?   division  of  a  mehm  or  any 
IVuJt;   :^    I     l=ftin].  the  petals  oi"  a 
flower. 

||=^/;,,R.uo. 

1  7  §J5  iKiKi;,  the  pulp  of  a  squash  or  melon; 
pulp;  pith;  -^]  I  J3X.  poured  out  the 
inelon's  pulp;  empty,  hollow. 

Rad.  98,  S, 

^  'iigii,  earthen  ware,  pottery;  a  tili';  a 
roof;  S  I  ,  the  tiles  of  a  house;  the 
roof;  |i^   I   ,  .(J^,   I   ,  the  concave  tiles; 

^  I  r^H;  I  .  »•"-•  ™"'«  '■•>-''':  S 

I  ,  yellow  tiles;  j^  \  ,  to  burn  tiles; 
lis  I  ,  bricks  and  tiles;  I  ^^,  brick- 
bats; I  §^,  earthen-ware;  |  •^, 
joined  like  two  tiles;  |  ^,  the  upper 
tiles;  7|&    !    ,  the  bottom  row  of  tiles  ; 

:gb  I  I®.  ^  I  #■ "» ^^<-  '""'•  # 

I  ,  to  bear  a  daughter;  |  ^,  a  glazed 
earthen  dish;  |  ^.,  disentangled  from 
difficulty ;  —  ^  |  ,  a  row  of  tiles; 
Mj)  I  ,  to  tile  a  roof. 


Rad.  98.       11  Strokes. 


^^  ^  i"ii/^  a  jar;  a  vase;  a  round  window;  4 
^  S      7l"i    I    •  ^  water-jar ;  ^    |   ,  a 
rice-jar;  ^T '/^   I    jfC'  '^"  "P  tl"^  j*' 
with  water;     |    f^,  a  standing  water- 

than  ajar;  a  boaster. 

^§  Jmgt  a  long-necked  jar  or  amphora;  O 
a  concave  tile. 

JSi  }  (P''"^'  ^  ■"^'^.  "  j^f.  ^  vessel  with  a  8 

^i£  )  tubular  neck;  a  pitcher;  ^  |  , 
a  flower  vase;  ^  |  'C^,  a  small  glazed 
bottle;  :a®  [  ,  ft  wine  bottle  of  tute- 
nag. 

^fi  ^cha/i  and  ,yan,  to  mold,  to  model,  to  9 
form,  to  fashion,  to  transform;  to  be 
molded,  to  be  influenced;  a  potter;  | 
[^,  to  mold,  as  a  potter;  |  ^^,  to 
examine;  |  ^,  to  display ;  |  ^g^, 
to  avoid;  I  B^,  to  illumine;  |  [^ 
I&  1^,  to  fashion  and  form  all 
things;  I  ^i]^;^,  to  discern  men's 
abilities;  I  |i^  0  ^,  to  improve 
gradually. 

^  Js'oii,  the  brick  lining  ol  a  wall ;  the 
wall  round  a  well;  to  lay,  as  bricks;  to 
pde  up;  to  line  a  well. 

^S  lik^,  the  hollow  legs  of  a  tripod. 

^6  jUK,  a  bowl,  a  cup  ;  ^^  |  ,  a  tobacco 
cup;  ^  I  ,  a  basin  containing  a  pint; 
^  I  ,  a  golden  bowl;  ^  |  ,  half  a 
howl;  jj^  I  .  a  wooden  bowl;  ^£  |  , 
a  water  basin;  ^^  |  ,  a  rice-bowl;  '& 
I   ,  a  tea-cup. 

ftE  'J ^rhim,  a  brick;  a  tile;  j^   |   , adobie 

^S  i  bricks;^  |  ,  a  burnt  blue  brick; 
tg  I  ,  tiles  for  flooring;  Jijjt^  |  ,  to 
tile  a  floor;  ^  m^  |  ,  a  great  dolt,  a 
villain;  |  ^,  a  brick-kiln;  |  ^, 
bricks  and  tiles;  ^  |  ,  to  lay  tiles; 
fm   1   ,  to  point  bricks. 

^B  tik^,  a  tile;  ^  |  ,  a  large  tile;  jars 
With  cars  on  the  neck. 


10 

u 


Note.  —  This    is   page   (302)    of   a    Chinese-English    Dictionary  and  should  be  read  first,  then  in 
conjunction  with  page  (303)  opposite. 


184 


SPECIMEN   PAGE  OF  A  rHINESE-ENGLl'SII  PICTIONAHV. 


(303) 

Rad.  98  and  99.    13  and  6  Strokes.         Rad.  99  and  100. 


13 


Iw  ^^  'wwj't  an  alembic;  a  btill;  a  boiler; 
to  dis!til;  ^  |  ^,  to  put  into  the 
still  Tor  distilling. 

/''*■>•    I  $ff .  a  large  Qat  tile  i  a  larye 
kind  of  brick. 
^=^K.  98  which  see. 

Rad.  99,  if- 

-U'  JUm,  swcot;  to  count  sweet ;  grateful, 
pleasant,  pleasing,  happy;  agreeable  to 
the  lASte;  excellent,  good;  willingly,  of 
one's  own  will,  voluntarily;  pleased; 
readily;  specious,  wimiing;  |  \J^,  a 
sWeet  taste;  j  =",  sweet  or  kind 
words ;  I  j\]^">,  willingly  ;  agreeable ; 
^  I  .  I  I  6?f.  "'her  sweet;  | 
!B,  a  sweet  pear;  |  ;f£,  a  sweet  or- 
ange; I  ^,  liquorice;  |  |S,  a  sweet 
sleep;  |  'p',  pleasant  food;  |  ^,  a 
seasonable  rain ;  ]  ^^,  prosperity  and 
adversity;  |  HHT,  very  sweet;  | 
BA'^A',  very  delicious;  |  ^,  a  volun- 
tary engagement;  I  j^,  sugar-cane. 
4  S  fham^,  very,  eitremely ,  excessively ; 
excessive;  in  tho  highest  degree;  clum- 

*''j:  iJk  '  •  g""®*"?.  '"o;     I   ;^'  l'"S«' 
vast;  very  great;     |   ^,  very  wicked; 

I  ^^,  very  beautiful;  ^^Jj   I  ,  by 
■  far  too  hot;     |   ^fe,  excessively   hot; 

I  f^-  very  good;"^  |  /^[It-  no- 
thing  worst  than  this;  '^itj^^  I  , 
never  went  to  such  a  pitch ;  1  ^.'^, 
neither  the  beet  nor  the  worst  sort; 
— '^gi  I  ,  once  is  too  often;  | 
Jg,  what?  -gJ:  #  $f  I  .  clumsily 
done;     |   J^,  in  a  greater  degree;  ^ 

I   ^,  extraordinary  things. 
6  f^  }  /'"'<  sweet;  pleasant,  agreciible; 
6i  S      excellent;  savory;  to  like,  to  en- 
joy: if  I   '    1  >,si^'  ''"■y  ^^'"'*''  '^' 

I  ,  gratified,  pleased,  agreeable;     | 

^,  a  bait;  ^^'j    |   5^^.  got  a  taste 


•of  the  bait;     i   ^  ^\ 


sweet  and 


3  Strokes. 


honeyed  words;  deceitful;    |  [J^, sweet 
sleep;   ^   I    ,  bitter  and  sivect. 

?Bp  fihi'iijig,  to  taiite;  to  try;  always;     | 
=  '^.  K.  30,  which  see. 
Rad.  100,  4 

/p  fhang,  to  bear,  to  bring  forth,  to  pro- 
duce ;  (o  generate,  to  procreate ;  to 
grow;  to  be  produced,  to  be  born;  U> 
live;  to  arise,  to  spring  up;  to  excite; 
to  come  forth;  to  nourish;  alive,  living, 
live;  raw;  unripe;  uncivilized;  unac- 
quainted; inexperienced,  new;  loose, 
life;  vitality;  birth;  living  beings;  | 
-^,  to  bear  a  child;  ^  \  ,  this  life; 
^  I  ,  future  lite;  <^  |  .  the  life- 
time, the  whole  life;  ]  ^J^^.  'he 
entire  strength ;  ^  |  ,  to  be  boni 
again;  to  come  to  life  again;  ]j^  ]  , 
new  life;  ^  |  ,  to  esteem  life;  "f^  |  , 
to  spare  life;  Q^  |  ,  to  desire  life;  5^ 
I  ,  to  kill  living  animals;  M[  |  ,  to 
let  living  things  go;  |  Hj  ^y^,  lo  h<> 
born  into  the  world ;  |  ^^,  living 
creatures;  |  ^J,  life;  [  ^,  life  and 
death ;  loose  and  tight ;  |  ^,  the 
people;  produced  the  people;  |  |  , 
to  foster  life  ;  |  |  ^^  g,-  a^"  after 
age,  unceasing;     |     -h.  •'  way  of  life; 

^  i  •  P^  I  •  tf  I  '  "  P"r'l.  a  dis- 
ciple, a  scholar;  yh  \  ,  Mr,  Sir;  a 
teaeher;  you,  the  first-born;  Hffi  ]  ,  I. 
the  late-born;  ^  ]  ,  a  youth,  a  lad,  a 
young  man;  |  {J ,  birth-day;  ^  |  , 
to  be  born  in  another  body;  raetcmp- 
syehosis;  &R  |  ,  oviparous;  ^  j  , 
viviparous;  |  w,  trade,  occupation, 
business;  |  )&,  a  profession,  a  trade, 
u  calling  ;  |  -^,  to  create,  cause  or 
make  trouble;  j  ^,  to  get  angry; 
I  5^ -j!,  unusual  ibaraciers;  |  ^^ 
^  ^,  rather  pretty;  [  ^j.,  odd, 
singular;    [  ^  -j^  IJ^,  it  must  he  in 


Note.  —    This   is   page  (303)  of  a  Chinese  English  Dictionary.  The  sluilent  should  reail  "Kcniarks 
on  the  Use  of  a  Chinese  Diciionarv"  in  Section  IV  of  our  book. 


183 


Water  lily  root. 

lean       )  Lotus 
goiv 


Root 


Water  lily  seed. 


^^  lean 


Lotus 
Little 


Whampe. 

'S'  waung   I  Yellow 
^  pay        j  Skin 


Sugar  cane. 

Sweet  meats, 
f;]^  tawng    I  Sugar 
^^  quore     I  Fruit 

Walnut. 

i^  hot         \  Pit  of  fruit 
i^\^  toe  Peach 

Water  chestnut. 
j!1§  mar  Horse 
^  tie         \  Hoof 


Pomegranate. 
^  «e<  Stone 


tig  loio 


Pomegra- 
nate tree 


Plum. 


moo-c 


^tie 


Raisin. 

(  Name  of  aj 
tree  ) 

To  raise  up] 


MaDdarin  orange. 
yjiy"  karm 

Nutmeg  orange. 
^  cut 

Papaw. 

/fC  mook     I  Wood 
JJi^  kwah     I  Gourd 

Peanat. 

^  /<7r»j      /  Flower 
^  .<"»•«      I  Li?e 

Peach. 

^t  ^oe         I  Peach 
^  7«ore    )  Fruit 

Rasset  pear. 

)j^  sar        j  Saud 
^  %        I  Pear 

Persimmon. 

^  cftee 

Pine  apple. 

iJX  i'ore      I  Wave 
Net 


'jore 
laic 


Plantain. 

^  hay-ungl  Fragrant 
^  chee-oo  \  Banana 


182 

Cocoanat. 

-JIJP  i/ert        /  Cocoanut 
■^  ^ce        I  Little 

Cnstard  apple. 

^  /cirH         Foreign   1 
^  /i«  Liciii 

;|5^  rhee         Brancii 

Dates. 
^  iart       /  White 
cho        j  Dates 

Figs. 
mo  No 

^f(j  /<?»•         Flower 
quorc      Fruit 

Grapes. 

/>o         (  Grape 
toe         I  Raisin 

Lemon. 


Lemon 


Plnm. 


^lay 


nun 
W^  mong 

Lichees. 
^  lie         j  Lichi 
^  f/jee       I  Branch 

Orange. 
charn 

Dwarf  orange. 
kuni       I  Gold 
^?c«<      I  Orange 


Tomato. 

#  /«r/ 

Foreign 

^ 

care 

The  culm 
1  of  the  lotus 

Turnip. 

M 

/o 

1  Turnip 

e 

l>c.rf 

\  White 

Vermicelli. 

^ 

fun 

/  Powder 

#{ 

see 

1  Silk 

la  cf,o 


Vinegar. 


Wine. 


1^  see-oo    j  Burn 
V@  chow     j  Wine 

Wine. 
V^  c/ioto 

(C)  FRDITS,  ETC. 
Apple. 

I A    kind    of 
I  cress  or  herb 
^  quore     Fruit 

Batelnut. 

^  ^««       I  R  ,  ,        ^ 
,,  ,  betel   nut 

^\llorng     \ 

Chestnut. 
U^foong    (Wind 
W  Inl        I  Chestnut 


^1  pun 


Spinach. 

~^  yin         i  kSpiiiach 
^^  chew-e  \  (jreeus 

Squash. 

■pP  geet       i  Jointed 
Jljl^  kioali     )  (lourd 

Squash  (long  crooked). 

yjC  soo-e     I  Water 
J3^  kioah     I  Oourd 

Sugar. 
1^-  tauwij 

Brown  sugar. 

^^  wanng  I  Yellow 
7^  laiung      Sugar 

White  sugar. 

^  ban      i  White 
^  iftwjfjr      Sugar 

Tarrow. 

^I  viooo        Tarrow 
S&  (oiv        \  Head 


Toast. 

j^  hawng     Toasted 
^  mean       Flour 
"gg  ioio  Bread 

f  =  phonetic. 


Tea. 


181 
Rice. 


^^  cook         (iu  husk) 

or 
;^  7n?/  (hulled) 

or 
^  /arrt         (cooked) 

Rice  flour. 

7J(;  J/'j/        I  Rice 

}^/u;)       )  Powder 

Segar. 
§    /oo-e 


^  «oo«.^/ 


Spanish 


Smoke  to- 


yiii 


bacco 
Salt. 

Segar  paper  wrapper. 
JJ-  ??irtr         Twins 
^  /twoo        Auut 
70  3/'"  Smoke 

Bimboo  shoots. 
'^  chook    j  Bamboo 
^  «?«i       I  Shoots 


Ayr 


scfl 


yozo 


Cane  shoots. 
j  Cane 
)  Shoots 

Soy. 

Salted  eat- 
I  ables 
Oil 


Holland! 


Pastry. 
hen        ■\  Cake 
^  sick        S  Eat 

I  Peas. 

PjpJ  haio 
Pi   lam 

.a 

Peppers. 
■flQ  ?'(«oo     )  Black 
■^  cliee-oo  )  Pepper 

Pepper  (Powder). 

fl^  V2V00        Black  j 

^  chee-oo    Pepper  1 

^^  7?ioot/       Powder  1 

Red  pepper. 

'f-K  /<""       )  Flower 
'^pj  chee-oo  '  Pepper 

Potato. 

An  esculent  j 
"^  I  root 

1*?  i*i/^  Little 

Potato  (old  name). 
P-ffiT  liaw 

Pi  ;«r« 

§  see         Root  potato 

Pumpkin. 
i^  (/««</     I  Winter 
J3^  ^iwa/i     )  Gourd 

21 


see 


Holland  t 


180 


Molasses. 

taiong   \  Sugar 
^JC  soo-e     '  Water 

Masbroom. 

^  hay-unrn  Fragrant 


1g  sun        *  To  believe 


Mashroom  (black  edible). 
^  7nook     \  Wood 
lif  ye  !  Ear 

Mustard. 
^f*  guy       \  Mustard 
^  mood     '  Powder 

Olives. 
harm 


m 


larm 


Olives 


Olive  oil. 
qZ  sum         Live      1  % 
^  cho-e       Greens!  g 
Vffi  Z/ow         Oil 

OnioD. 
^^  cJwong 

Onion  greens. 

^  •""'"        j  Leek 
fl^  /oif        '  Head 

Parsley. 

.1^  horn         Drought 
^  l-nu  Celery 

^  cho-e       Greens     ' 


I  Coarse  greens. 

^  iore      \  Wave 

^  c/io-r     )  (Jreens 

i 

I  Honey. 

^  )««<       J  Honey 
^  taiong    '  Sugar 

Indian  corn. 

pj^  «oo/:       J  (irain 
y^  my         I  Rice 

Indian  meal. 

^  soo^         Grain 
yf^  my  Rice 

5^  /m«  Powder 

Lettuce. 
^  srt/'H      J  Live 
^  c/io-e     '  Greens 

Mace. 

^.  (fore  Bean 

^  cow  Nutmeg 

^  /rtr  Flower 

Melon  (gonrd). 

Musk  melon. 
^^hay-nng\  Fragrant 
J3X  *!C(j/t      '  Melon 

Water  melon. 
2i  sigh  \  AVest 
J5^  iwa/j     '  Melon 


Ginger  bread. 


mk 


■ay-ung 


I  Giu 


aer 


^  ben         j  Cake 
Ginger  preserves. 

/ppj  taiong     I  Sugar 
^  kay-nng\  Ginger 

Ginger  Syrup. 

^  taiong      Sugar 
g  kay-uvg  Ginger 
^  soo-e        Water 

Gourd  (snake). 

j^  see        \  Silk 
jl^  kwah     '  Gourd 

Greens. 
^  rho-e 

Narrow  leaved  greens. 

•^  hini      )  Gold 
•^-j-  c/(Mm     )  Needle 

Greens  (pea  sprout). 

^  ngai-      J  Bulb 
^  cho-e     I  Greens 

Salted  greens. 

^  harm     \  Salt 
^  cho-e     '  Greens 

Wbite  greens. 

Q  barl.       \  White 
^  cho-e    I  Greens 


179 

Citron. 

Cabbage. 

Turkey. 

^  hay-unyl  Fragrant 

^P  yea        \  Cabbage 
5^  cho-c      '  Greens 

y^  /or        \  Fire 

^yin         1  Citrou 

i| 

fo'r/Zi       '  Chicken 

Clove. 

Cake. 

(/))  VEGETABLES,  CONDI 

7"  du>i       j  Nail 

-^  hen 

MENTS,  ETC. 

^  liay-mi(/\  Fragrant 

Sponge  cake. 

Bean. 

Coffee. 

•^  rf/ior«      Egg 

=^ 

dow 

P^  kar        1 

1  Steamed 

White  bean. 

^                  Coffee  t 

m^o 

i4^  f"y 

cake 

1^ 

hart       \  White 

Congee. 

Crispy  sponge  cake. 

doio       '  Bean 

/^  my        /  Rice 

^  cooi         Baked 

Yellow  bean. 

^  r7iOO^'    1  Congee  gruel 

^  /<flr<         White 

n 

icawig  1  Yellow 

Crullers. 

Hf  hen           Cake 

-w. 

dow         Beau 

j||  »'«»'         Horse 

'^  /eye          Little 

Beer. 

To   set  in 
^'J  '"            order 

Rock  candy. 

^  iM?i        j  Ice 
'^  laiong    '  Sugar 

m 

hay          Beer  f 
f/toiw        Wine 

Cucumber. 

Biscuit. 

Q  /mH       )  White 

Celery. 

0 

mean     \  Flour 

JJ^  ^tt>rt/(     1  Gourd 

J^  ^-u/i          Celery 

m 

hen         '  Cake 

Yellow  cucumber. 

^  cho-e     I  Greens 

Brandy. 

^W^  loautig  1  Yellow 

Chilli. 

m 

irtj"        1 

JJ^  kwah       Gourd 

^  Int         \  Bitter 

pi 

lam          Brandy  t 

Egg-plant. 

^  che-oo      Pepper 

ijjj  day        ] 

^-  eye         i  Low 

Chocolate,  f 

vl 

rJiow        Wine 

)J^  kwah       Gourd 

J^  ^ee           Of 

Bread. 

Ginger. 

(Ij    hioon         01(1 

IS 

mean     j  Flour 
Z>o«'        )  Bread 

^  kay-ung 

^  /«C           Bitter  j 

H 

■f  =  iihonelic. 

Pullet. 

kiff/i         Chicken 

\  A   class, 
]^  hawvQ  \ 

I  a  sort      1 

Rabbit. 

Q  bart       \  White 
_^  roe         '  Rabbit 

Saasage. 

1^  yook      \  Meat 
'}\^  yii,        '  Ball 

Stuffed  saasage. 

Jl^  i-hay-tiiuj'  Intestine 
Shrimp. 

Shrimp  salted. 
^1^  ]iar        1  Shrimp 
^r;  tuy        \  Rice 

Soup. 
j^  taiovg 

Spare  ribs. 
|§  cAee         Pig 
IBI  /««<?        Cage 
Bone 

Veal. 
•^  »/^ow       Cow 
'^  jeye  Little 

P{|  yooi-        Meat 


•^  2M0< 


178 
Omelette. 
r/(ow       Fry 


kigh 
dharn 

ho 


Chick 
Egg 
Oyster. 


Pheasant. 
f^  sarn       \  Live 
^  kigh       I  Cbickeu 

Pigeon. 
3^  barn      \  Grade 


^  (7(ee 


Pigeou 

Pig- 
Pig 
Child 


#  pit' 


•^  9«o« 


Pork. 
^  c/ife       I  Pig 
^  ijook      '  Meat 

Pork  chop. 
^  chee         Pig 

Row    or 

order 

Bone 

Pork  steak. 
^  vhee      \  Pig 
t^  6aj/        '  Leg 

Salt  meat. 
1^  luirm  \  Salt 
1^  yook      '  Meat 


Lard. 


Pig 
Oil 


Lobster. 


:$§■  chee 

$^  /(((/•       )  Shrimp 

Milk. 
■^  jj^ou;     i  Cow 


Dragon 


Mutton. 

^.  yea-xnig\  Sheep's 
1^  yook      )  Meat 

Mutton  brotb. 

3p  yea-xmg  Sheep  j 
1^  yook        Meat 
^  /a!0H(7       Soup 

Mutton  chop. 

^p  yea-uiig  Sheep   i 


•^  quot 


Row 
Bone 


Leg  of  mutton. 
3E.  yea-u7ig  \  Sheep 
t$  ^"^  '  Leg 

Mussels. 
y'ii?  ilarin       Fresh 


/io-e 


Green  ve- 
getables 


Cuttle  fish. 

^  mot        j  luk 
H  ^-^e        I  Fish 

Fish  footed. 

^  kay-orcM  Foot 
#.  ^ye         I  Fish 
Shell  fish 


1§   -'y 


Shell 
Fish 


Salted  fish. 

^  Jiarm     \  Salted 

:i  ~F'    I  Fish 

Fowl. 

,^  knee-ool  Bird 
1^  ?/oo/t      I  Meat 

Goose. 

Wild  goose. 

i^  «(7rt7-/i    j  Wild 
^i§  "i'ww     I  Goose 

Jelly. 

^  r/,t«  Pi 

^1  kay-urck  Foot  ' 
'^  ^-o  Jelly 

Ham. 


*Xf' 


Fir 


177 
Wild  duck. 


Eel. 


Water 
Duck 

I. 

Eel 
Fish 


Pigeon  Egg. 

^  bart         White 
p^  ^aj'p         Dove 
W  dharn 


Egg 


Duck  egg. 
Duck 


Ally 


arp 

dharn    I  Egg 


Chicken  egg. 

i-!^/t       I  Chicken 
^S  dharn    \  Egff 

Boiled  egg. 

'^  ho         I  Boiled 
^^  dharn    \  Egg 

Fried  egg. 

Bu^  c/iecji     I  Fry 


toc-c     '  Tliigh 


dharn    \  Egg 


Fins. 

H  ~3/«        \  Fish 
^  c//ce       I  Fill 

Fish. 


Capon. 

jj^lj  seen       i  Castrated 
ii^  Ai^/i      \  Rooster 
Cheese. 

4^  7)(7ow  Cow 
•0)  vujh  Milk 
^  ben  Cake 

Chicken. 

^^  ^■'.'7''       /  Chicken 
1"?  i'^y^       I  Little 
Chicken  pie. 

^^  ^'if^'         Chicken 
J^  Hi<?a)i       Flour 
^  queye       Turtle 

Clam. 
4^"  ."«?•        I  Clam 
Q  6«r«       I  White 

Crab. 

Curry  fowl. 
^^  vioaung   Yellow 
g  kay-ung  Ginger 
^^  Aijf/t         Chicken 

Dove. 

Q  i<(7'«       J  White 
^^  iar;>     |  Dove 
Duck. 


170 


Boiled. 
Fried. 

Minced,  f 
^  mm       I  Forgive 
P^  gee        \  Govern 

Roasted, 
'j^  see- 00 

Salted. 
^  /lanii 

Stewed. 
■^  vwoo-e 

Toasted. 
')(fl  hawnft 

Beef. 
^p  ngow     j  Cow 
0^  i/ook      I  Meat 

Beef  steak. 
■^  Wow       Cow 
pq  i/ooi"        Meat 
^  pnr  A  harrow 

Beche  de  mer. 
j^  Iwy        I  Sea 
M  some 


Uinseug 


Batter. 
■^  tigow        Cow 
^  nigh  Milk 

Vrt  yow  Oil       1 

■j"  =  phonetie. 


Gold  watch. 
^  kum  I  GoKI 
^  ic-op     (  Watch 

Watch  chain. 
?^  i«-oo     I  Watch 
^  /«(!«      I  Chain 

Gold  button. 
■^  kttiH  I  Gold 
^  7(ow      I  Button 

Cuff  button. 
1^  chow        Cuff 
P   how         j^outh 
§8;  7/0(0  Button 

Scare  pin. 
^  ^aiH         Neck 
^  tie  Ribbon 

"^  c/jMw       Piu 

Pearl. 
^  c/iM7i      I  True 
%  chee       \  Pearl 

Gem. 
-R  yo^-c      /  Gem 
^  ar<         I  Brace 

VAiaETIES    OF 
FOOD. 

(.1)   ANIMAL  FOOD. 
Baked. 
,^  coo/c 


Sewing  machine. 
^  lean         To  stitch 


Clothiiifj 

Needle 
Machine 


(/i)  JEWELRY. 
Jewelry. 

gf  sow       i  Head 

^  sick       \  Ornament 

Ear  ring. 

^  ye         I  Ear 

^  loahn     j  Ring 

Bracelet. 

^  sow       j  Hand 

j  Brace 

Ring. 

j  To  enjoin 

I  Finger 

Diamond  ring. 

^^  _;>a)/  Boring 

^  set  Stone 

^  gug  To   eujoiu 

^  gfee  Finger 

Diamond  stud. 

^  y<?</>i  Borin: 


^  set 

J^  hung 

(H  how 

^  chum 


Stone 
Breast 
Mouth 
Pin 


Slipper. 

^  tart       1  To  flog 
f||  high       I  Shoe 

Umbrella. 

7^  yea-ung\  Ocean 
J^  chay      j  Shade 

Pin. 

A  '^'«  Big 

§^  <ow  Head 

•01*  cAurn       Needle 

Needle. 

-0]*  chum 

Thread. 


seen 


Tbimble. 

Tp  dun       i  Top 
^  ^ee  Fiuger 

Scissors  or  to  shear. 

^  coiu       i  Hinge 
py   cheen       Scissors 
Button. 

Button  bole. 

^  wo!o       i  Button 
HJ^  ijgari)       Hole 

Pocket. 

4^  c/oi-e 


175 
Suspenders. 


^^  foo        I  Trouser 
^  <!e  Ribbon 

Skirt. 
^^  quone 

Apron 

^  y  I  Around 

f^  7«ci«e    j  Petticoat 

Petticoat. 
^  T)oi-e        Inside 
^^  quone    |  Petticoat 

Garters. 
f§  ?7io<       j  stocking 
^  </e  ]  Ribbon 

Night  gown. 
^  soo-e     i  Sleep 
^^  sflr-OT        Shirt 

Dressing  gown. 
fl^  «o!(;  Repair 

■|i^  sick  Ornament 

^[^  snjvM        Shirt 

Jewelry. 

g  ^'oio        i  Head 

Ornament 

Purse. 

ye-oo       Waist 
pen 


doi-e 


Vase 
Pocket 


Drawers. 

p^  noi-e        Inside 
^  foo        \  Trousers 

Neck  tie. 
^^  gain       \  Neck 


^  tie  Ribbon 

Shoes. 
^  high 


Boot. 


ib/' 


'ler 


Stocking. 


I'S 


mot 


mo 


Hat. 


Gap. 


/Jn  .«ee-o      I  Little 
i|)g  mo         j  Hat 

Glove 

^*  «o!o  Hand 

^  gee  Finger 

^  (/oe-e        Pocket 

Handkerchief. 

■^  soio  Hand 

rjj   kun  Napkin 

"ff  i^y^  Little 

Towel. 


Face 
Napkin 


174 

Plane. 

File. 

Tool  cbest. 

^Ij  pow      1  Plane 

|<^  (/irtir 

1^  tale          Iron 

P  how       \  Mouth 

Hammer. 

^  /<«.'/          Tool 

Rale. 
^  chafe 

Saw. 

iK  90-e 

Screw. 
^  laio       1  Spiral 
j^  see         1  Small 

^  tate       1  Iron 

^  «<((/-«»</  Bos     I 

^  (7(0-e     i  Hammer 
Hone. 

To  grind  or 
f  rub 
^  dough       Knife           I 

Awl. 
1^  </io-e 

Axe. 
^  /oo        1  Axe 
^  low       \  Head 

Screw  driver. 

^  set            Stone           | 

Cbisel. 

f""'          S„.w) 

^  </iori-       Chisel  ) 

Nail. 
^J'  dane 

^p  chork 

Drill. 
^  9^eii 

Sqaare. 

Pincers. 

Gimlet. 

^  fooA-      /  Crook 

^  /<(/€       1  Iron 

^'  sow       \  Haud 

/^  (/(a/e     1  Rule 

It  /(ee/H      1  Pinch 

^'  geen       \  Drill 

MAN'S  APPAREL;  M 

"AN'S  FOOD,  (ANIMAL 

VEGETABLE  ETC.) 

Sbirt 
;^  /R>r»i      1  Sweat 

Overcoat. 
:^  'lie         \  Big 

(J)  WEARING 
APPAREL,  ETC. 

^  «arm     \  Shirt 

^g  /ow       \  Coat 

Men's  apparel. 

Collar. 

Coat. 

A     yun          Man 

-^  /(iHe 

^g  /ow       1  Coat 

cas: 

^  c/ioio     1  Sleeve 
P  how         Mouth 

ff  jcye       1  Little 

Vest. 
^  6oo-«     1  Waist 

j^  gee           Of 

Dndtrshirt. 

/jj^  »oiwe      I  Heart 

1^    i'hay-orh  Wear  I 

^  woj-e     1  Inside 
^  .<t(jrm      I  Shirt 

Trousers. 
Wfoo 

Pfe  %          '3         , 

see 


To  care  for  a  horse. 

To  care  for, 
look   after 
i^  '""^         Horse 

To  harness  a  horse. 
^^  —        I  To    haruess 
Horse 


gai- 
,%  mar 


To  feed  a  horse. 
V^y  I  To  feed 

,fj|  mar         Horse 

To  drive. 
^  quoon      Drive 
jl!§  '»«»'         Horse 
^  cJiay        Car 

To  water  a  horse. 
^*  quoon      Drive 


^  mar 
y[JC  soo-e 


Horse 
Drink 
Water 


(H)  CARPENTERS 
TOOLS. 


^ 


mook  Wood 

chay-iing 

Artisau 


j/^  gee     Of 

§g%    Tool      r 
lil    X'oo-e  Tools  I  i 


173 
Halter. 

j^  mar  Horse 

W^  lung         Cage 
fl^  fo?w  Head 

Bridle. 

jR§  inar       |  Horse 
^^^•fl?/-M?i(7l  Bridle 

Bit. 


jB5  '""^ 


Horse 
Mouth 
To  hold  iul 
the    mouth 


Saddle. 


^  mar 


orn 


Horse 

Saddle 


Saddle  girth. 

jK§  mar         Horse 
^j:  toe  Belly 

^  (lie  Ribbou 

Stirrup. 

mar         Horse 


^^  dung        Stirrup 


To  ride  horseback. 

]^  /cay        I  Ride 
j|§  mar         Horse 


ii^ 


Horse. 


Yes. 
^"  ?/o?('         Have 
P^  lar 

Now  be  kind  enough  to  cook 
the  dinner. 


Now 


-f^  11  ay 

You 

if  ho 

Good 

-^  /;oo-e 

Go 

^  ^ee  Cook 

^^  charn       Dinner 

{G)  STABLE  CON- 
TENTS. 


*"Vi 


r  Horse 

' fawng  Room 

r^rl  iioi-e  Inside 

-^  .'7«e  Of 

jftAjl  mot  Things  ,■ 

Horse  whip. 

i^  mar      \  Horse 
^  bean      \  Whip 

Horse  comb. 
il§  """'      I  Horse 
i^  sore         Comb 
20 


172 

Bamboo  basket. 

Wooden  pail. 

Starch. 

^  chook       Baiuboc 
1^  larm      \  Basket 

Barrel  t 

^  rhay-uug  j  Starch 
|j}'  /■«»(            1  Powder 

Lamp  wick. 

%f]  '"";/ 

Pail         1 

Broom. 

jl^  (l/iuu     1  Lamp 

Tongs. 

i^  so                Broom 

i(^  some      \  Heart 

;^:/'"- 

1  Fire 

:Jg,  trt/-           )  Buiulle 

Shoe  brush. 

i  ^  A-<?c« 

1  I'iuch 

Dish  pan. 

;|^  (harp       Rub 

1 

Flint. 

^  s)^/,            AVash 

^  high         Shoe 

^  for 

1  Fire 

1^  vwoott         Bowl 

^  so            Bru.sh 

;g  w/ 

j  Stone 

J|^  poo)i            Pan 

Shoe  polish. 

Tinder. 

Dish  cloth. 

j^  charp       Rub 

;iC/o'- 

(  Fire 

^  sigh             Wash 

m  high         Shoe 

^  y«"i/ 

\  Tiiuler 

;^  vwoo»         Bowl 

^  jHot          luk 

Steel. 

^  to               Cloth 

jJC  «oo-«       Water 

,  ^A'- 

1  Fire 

Gup  board. 

Pail, 

H  /^a"* 

\  Steel 

;^  rwooH         Bowl 

;|C  «oo-e     1  \\'ater 

, 

Ashes 

lU  (^aeye          Closet 

^  icaung    \    Pot. 

^/or 

1  Fire 

Drawer. 

Furnace. 

J^  /(^o-e 

1  Ashes 

|g;  <7!/eyc          Closet 

(  A     fur 
/  or  fire  f 

nace                 Baking  oven. 
'^^'^^      ^  cook      i  Bake 

i^  lung          \  Drawer 
Wax  candle. 

Is  the  stove  lighted 

?           'M  '^^ 

1  Oven 

^  larp       \  Wax 

•^  for           Fire 

Gridiron. 

^  choiik     1  Caudle 

ij^  lo            Stove 

IE  par 

Cooking  pots. 

Wax  candle  holder. 

^  3/ow         Have 

^  /„)•;?         Wax 

^  /o/-          Fire 

^  late 

1  Irou 

'ji^  c/ioo^-       Caudle 

R,^  H)«r         ? 

^    tBcM 

j  Pot 

^^  r/,o,          Holder    ) 

ihonc'.ir. 


Kitchen  table. 
IP}-  dice  Kitchen 

^  fawng      Room 
;|!^  loe-e        Table 

Wash  tub. 


sig^ 


Wash 


Z^  ye  Clothes 

If  vho  Tub 

Wringer. 
^  soo-c     1  Water 
§-]■  kigh      \  Machine 

Wash  board. 

^  sarm        Shirt 
]M  chart        Rub 

Clothes  boiler. 
:^  ye  j  Clothes 

■^,  (7iMH        Boiler 

Flat  iron. 
i§J  lawtig      Iron 
ip  (/oio       )  Bushel 

Ironing  board. 
igj  tawrig      Iron 
;^  ^c  Clothes 

;j^  iajvi         Board 

Soap. 
^  sfVi         Wash 
!j5^  !/e  Clothes 

^§^  Z-a?-?i         Soap 

f  =  phor.elic. 


yin 


171 
Smoke. 

Wood. 


Coal. 

^Jt  /Hoo-e    I  Coal 
^  ^aru       ]  Charcoal 

Ashes. 

^  /or        j  Fire 
^  foo-e     ]  Ashes 

Shovel. 

^  for  Fire 

JT^  /oo-e       Ashes 
1^  charii       Shovel 

Pot  cover. 

)  Kettle 
^  go-e       ]  Cover 

Cleaver. 

^  yze  Fish  j 

^  (7iO-e        Vegetable 
^J  dough       Kuife 

Pail. 

I^fji  '""5'      1  P'l'l 
'j^  Jpj/p         Little 

,    Ice  box. 

^g  sawng      Ice 
I'g  (^ife^e     j  Closet 


1*  io 


Hot  water  pipe. 

ffc  yc«<  Hot 

;5jC  soo-e       Water 
^  /((»(;         Pipe 

Waste  pipe. 

•^  /(oo-c       Away 
■j^  soo-e       Water 
^  /m«^         Pipe 

VII.  KITCHEN  CONTENTS. 
Kitchen  contents. 

)^  chee  Kitchen 

j^  faivng  Room 

^   7)0!-<;  Inside 

Z  gee  Of 

i^  ??io<  Things 


Fire. 


or 


/o 


Stove. 


Kettle. 


\      ^1^0 


Frying  pan. 

^  <■/«•«       I  Fry 
p^  por/i  t  j  Pan 

Chimney. 

'j®  Z/'"  Smoke 

iS   iHi.g         Flue 


1^  t»i'9 

With 

170 
Tea  tray. 

Table  cloth. 

^    »<7««7 

Us 

^  c/tar       1  Tea 

t& 

loe-e        Table 

ift  <^«y 

^  poon      1  Tray 

flj 

io         i  Cloth 

^  sick 

Eat 

Water  tumbler. 

China  closet. 

^^  f/iar/i 

Dinner 

^  soo-e     (  Water 

T^ 

vicun     1  Bowl 

D^  are 

^  r/(((K(7    1  Tumbler 
Water  cup. 

M 

(jiteyc     j  Closet 
Bowl. 

VI.  WASa  ROOM  CONTENTS. 

^*** 

yljC  soo-e      1  W^ater 

fel 

vwuu 

Wash  room  contents. 

1                                        1 

4vf>  6oo-e       Cup 

Chop-sticks. 

i^  sigh 

^  sun 

Wash      \ 

1 

Table  spoon. 

'^i  /e           Fast 

Body       j 
Room     f 

^  tawmj      Soup 

^ 

gee        j  Child  orlittle 

Pj  tioi-e 

Inside     i 

;;^  sec            Key 

Wine  decanter. 

^gee 

Of          \ 

^  /^■arx         Spoon  ] 

vS 

ihow        Wine 

^  mot 

Things   / 

Our  dinner  is  ready. 

# 

vu'oo      \  Pitcher 

Batli  tub. 

^  ngaw    1 

Wine  cup. 

ij^  rfay          Our 

V® 

ehoio     \  Wine 

^  ^igh 

Wash 

"It  % 

^ 

boo-e     )  Cup 

^  sun 

Body    ' 

^^  charn       Dinuer 

^  cho 

Tub 

Wine  flask. 

/ 

#  %/'         Is 

7@ 

chow     1  Wine 

Wash  basin. 

.„                ;  Ready 

1 

0i 

jun        \  Bottle 

^  sigh 

Wash  1 

m  ^"V      I 

Cork  screw. 

^  wean 

Face 

P^  /«r 

\ 

SI  P'^o'^ 

Basin 

Please  come  with  us  and 

m 

jun           Bottle   I 
Jul.            Cork 

eat  dinner. 

I 

Cold  water  pipe. 

^ 

jiin          Screw  1 

m  ehun        Please 
f/j^  7?ai/          You 

/ 

J!^  lam 

Cold     1 

Tea  strainer. 

>tC  «oc-e 

Water 

^ 

cliar      1  Tea 

x-j* 

^  /o-e         Come 

^E  ^""g 

Pipe 

*^ 

loio        \  Strainer 

169 


Dinner  plate. 

Dinner  table. 

^ 

lo-e 

Come 

^  die           Big 

-k  die            Big     j    P. 

n 

vgaw 

Me 

^  deep      \  Saucer 

^^  cliarn       Meal  |    S 

J=S                                                      ,       -« 

Very 

well. 

Teaplate. 

;j^  (oe-e        Table 

^  deep       ]  Saucer 

Dining  chair. 

m 

are 

1 

^  jeye       j  Little 

-k  '^''^      Big     j 

n 

/iO 

Good 

Tumbler. 

^^  cliarn       Meal 

% 

/o/i 

• 

^  bore      \ 
:2                 Glass 

^  »/e            Chair 

I  will  go  and  bring  down 

J^  /«y 

Dinner  napkin. 

the  book  to  you. 

If^  boo-e       Cup     ] 

iX.  die           Big          j 

a 

ngaio 

I 

Sugar  bowl. 

^  (7(ff»vi       Meal 

^ 

chow 

Will 

g   bart          White    j 

fj]   knn           Napkiu 

'■17  W 

hoo-e 

Go 

III  tawng      Sugar 

Knife. 

— 

^   c/m«i/       Pot 

yj  duugh       Knife 

m 

t7/oo-e 

Bring 

Milk  pitcher. 

yt  jeye       \  Little 

•^ 

tork 

Down 

•^    7K/0!«            Cow           g 

Fork. 

^ 

lo-e 

Come 

^  ;/;V//i         Milk  j   ^ 

^  char 

® 

quore 

To 

^  I'woo        Pitcher        | 

Cup. 

% 

71(11/ 

You 

Water  pitcher. 

1f^\  buo-e 

Saucer. 

^ 

lar 

• 

;3jC  «''o-e      1  Water 

^  deep 

^ff   (74)00        Pitcher 

V.   DINING   ROOM   CONTENTS 

Table  spoon. 

Teapot. 

A  '^^'^        B^g 

Dining  room  contents. 

^  char       j  Tea 

;^  see           Key 

^ 

sick 

Eat    )  O  \ 

^  cjcoo      ]  Pitcher 

^  A-ar?i         Spoon 

# 

churn 

^   ! 
Meal  1  5'i 

Coffee  pot. 

Tea  spoon. 

^  faiotiq 

Room       \ 

Coffee  T   ( 

JjitU  s(9/t          Small 

ft 

iioi-e 

Inside       / 

4^  H      ) 

^  see           Key 

^ 

gee 

Of             \ 

^  «i«oo        Pitcher    ] 

^  iar«        Spoon 

#; 

mot 

Things      / 

t  =  plionetic. 

History  of  world. 

viarn        10  000 
^  qitork      Couutry 

'"■'  '       History 

Arithmetic. 
^^  so  Account 

^  hatck        Learu 
^  shii  Book 

Engineering  book. 

Ij^  Lorng  Mine 
J^  /(i((c/-  Learii 
^  s/iH  Book 

You  go  upstairs  to  my  study 
and  bring  me  my  book. 

j/j^  nay  You 

_L  say-ung  Up 
■^  hoo-c  Go 
t!^  /ow  Building 

_h  say-utig  Up 

^  «/(«  Book 

■j^  fawng     Room 


My 


^  ch 


'lee 


Placo 
Briiisr 


J^  rfioo-e 

l»jg  /o  That 

^  /..)  Bind 

^^  s/(K  Book 


168 
Medical  book. 


sli  it 


Heal 
Book 


Law  book. 
^  lut  L;nv 

m  lie 
^£  s/iii 


\  Regu- } §  I 


latiou 
Book 


^•^  U"'-'' 


Philosophy  book. 

To   search 

into 

i^  mot  Thing 

^  shu  Book 

Chinese  book. 

^  ^ajcnj;    )  Chinese 
^  sliil        1  Book 

Foreign  book. 

^  s^y*         West 
MB  quark       Country 
^^  s/ii  Book 

Confucius'  book. 
;^  A-M»7        Name 


^/< 


00 


■3i>  s/itt 


Rabbi 

or 
Master 

Book 


New  Testament. 

^  sun  New 

2^'»J  ye-ork     Contract 
15 


«uu 

Holy 

s/ju 

Book 

Old  Testament 

^  yow  Old 

|s^  yc-ork  Contract  | 

^  SMH  Holy         ( 

^^  it««  Cla.ssic       I 

A  general  mirror  of  history. 
^  kaioKj  I  Law 


Mirror 


Geography. 

itfe  (fay         Earth 
Map 
Book 


^^  s/m 


gj^  cow 


Map. 

)  Earth 
\  Map 

Globe. 

(  Earth 
I  Globe 


Astronomy  book. 

^  iane         Heaven 
■^  7n?<H         Letter 
^  s/(«  Book 


167 


Glue. 


W-  00^0 


^ 


soo-e 


Ulue 
Water 


Ruler. 


/^  c/iatc 


Calendar. 


y^  die 
fl^  tow 
'^\  chum 


Day 
Date 
Paper 


Pin. 


Big 
Hear! 

NeeJle 


Book  shelf. 

sliii        )  Book 
gar       j  Shelf 

Book  case. 


■g'  shii 


Book- 
Closet 


Dictionary. 
-^  chee         Letter 


10 


dam        Code 


shii 


sun 
shii 


Book. 


Bible. 


Holy 
Book 


Ink  stone. 
S  "'(''  luk 


^  'jin 


Stoi 


Ink  stone  box. 

^  yi«         I  Stone 
^  harp      j  Case 

Ink  stone  cover. 


^ 


»'0<  Ink 

^  ijin  Stone 

^  i/o-e         Cover   I 
Ink  stone  tray. 

?^  1/in         I  Stone 
^  jooo?;      )  Traj 

Pencil. 
^  3^2"  Lead 

^  6i(<  Pen 

Envelope. 
'jg  s«?i  Letter 

^  foung    j  Enclosed 
Paper. 

Blotting  paper. 
p[7  _y«H  Print 

^  »io<  Ink 

^  soo-e        Water 
>^  .^ee  Paper 

Stamp  (Phonetic). 

i  «'t'  )  Student 

|0  (/arm  |  Carry 


Glass  box. 

la  ^'"'        I  Glass 
;j^  say-ung\  Box 

Clothes  box. 

^  ^e  I  Clotiies 

■^  say-nng]  Box 

IV.  LIBRARY  CONTENTS. 
Library  contents. 

§  */(?«  Book 

^  fawng  Room 

^  not-e  In 

^  <?<'c  Of 

^  wioi  Things 

Writing  desk. 

Ml  say  Write 

-jp  chee         Letter 
t^  <oe-e        Table 


Ink. 


^g  »«o< 
y!fC  «oo-e 


Stone 
Water 


Pen. 


S  ""J<  Ink 


ic 


A'oo-e        Water 


:^  but  Pen 

Ink  well. 

^  mot       j  Ink 
fg  i'"'oo       Pitcher 


Blanket. 
?fi  <7/iji 

Coverlet. 

Mosquito  net. 
^  mini        I  Mosquito 

ljl^f/i(j_y-«»*7l  Net 

Clothes  brash. 
:^  i/e  I  Clothes 

.^  60  \  Brush 

Nail  brush. 
Finger 
Nail 
Brush 


fJ3  korp 


Shaving  brush. 
i\]\]  He  Sbave 


so 

«0 


Beard 
Brush 


Razor. 

>C}|J  </t'         I  Shave 
^  (/oMj^/j   )  Knife 

Shoe  brush. 

1^  i/iar«  Rub 
^  /,;-//*  Shoe 
;^  so  Brush 

Hat  box. 

ijl^  wo        I  Hat 
^  /i((»7)     \  Case 


166 
Brush. 

If  «^ 

Comb. 

^  «ore 

Fine  tooth  comb. 

Whisk  broom. 

;^  ,^0  Brush 

fll  bort         Bunch 
f?  ,/('^t'  Little 

Clothes  press. 
:^  ^e  )  Clothes 

I'H  7  "*.'/«    i  Press 
Trunk. 

Pillow. 


i^  chum 
MS  <ow 


Rest 
Head 


Pillow  case. 
1^  chum  Rest 
^  /ow  Head 

4^  '7oi-e        Pocket 
Sheet. 

^  pay       I  Coverlet 
ip.  (/((T-n        Single 
Mattress. 

^  chawTK)  \  Bed 
^  <•//;■«       i  Blanket 


Bureau. 

;^  sore         Comb 
fl^  /0(»  Head 

;j:^  loe-e       Table 

Glass. 

Wash  stand. 

^  j7(M?i       Face 
j^  ;9oc)/i        Basiu 
^  kar  Class 

Wash  basin. 
[^  mean  \  Face 
j^  poon     I  Basiu 

Wash  cloth. 

^  tnean     )  Face 
fjl  /■(»!       j  Napkin 

Scented  soap. 

^  hayung]  Fragrant 
^  karn       )  Soap 
Tooth  brush. 

^r  ngar      l  Tooth 
;j^  so  ]  Brush 

Tooth  powder. 

^  ngar      \  Tooth 
5^  fun       \  Powder 

Hair  brush. 

^  so  )  Brush 

fljl  low        )  Hair 


HI.  BEDROOM  CONTENTS. 
Bedroom  contents. 


Sleep 

Room 

luside 

Of 

Things 


j^  fawng 
^   noi-e 
^  gee 

Bed. 
^  chawng 

Head  of  bed. 
p^  chawng]  Bed 
fl^  toxo       )  Head 

Foot  of  bed. 
J^  chaiong    Bed 
_^  ?Ha!/  End 

Hammock. 
r|1  dec-oo   I  Swing 
j^  f/irttoH^j  Bed 

Double  bed. 
■j^  die  j  Big 
H^  chawng  \  Bed 

Single  bed. 
:|^  (/tio^-        Single 
E@  «oo-e        Sleej) 
J^  chawng    Bed 

Children's  bed. 
^0  stgi/t         Lit.tle 
B|^  wi?«i         Mosquito 
1*?  Jeye-  Child 

j^  chawng    Bed 


165 

Match. 

j/^  /or  Fire 

^  c/icyc     1  Wood 

Spittoon. 

P  how  Mouth 
yjC  soo-«  Water 
_|^  c7iw)if/      Tumbler 

Birdcage. 

^ chay-orkj  Bird 
^  Zi<«^       I  Cage 

Long  bench. 

■^^  cliay-ungl  Long 
-gl  (//nni      1  Bench 


Lantern 
j^  dmi 

Round  seat 


Lamp 
Cage 


%.  9'tr 
H2  kwoo 


Tile 
Drum 


Stone  seat. 


^  set 


Stone 
Drum 


Sedan. 


A  *■'■        I  Big 

^  h'lj-oo  I  Stretcher 


Newspapers. 


^  »;?»7i         Hear  |   m 
^  S'fje  Paper 


New    )  fe; 

ft 

5 


Magazines. 

^  »/"«        I  Moutii 
^  io  ]  Paper 

Table. 
1^  toe-e 

StooL 


S  dun 

-Til 


Chair. 


^e 


Hassock. 


5§  f/arp  Step 
^|I  kay-ork  Foot 
^  (/««  Stool 


Pipe. 


m 


yn, 
tii.ng 


Smoke 
Pipe 


Cigar. 


§   loo-e 


Spanish 


^  soo?)(7     I 

^  j/i«  Smoke 

Cigarette. 

jkQ  y/)i  Smoke 

Little 

19 


if  rue 


164 


Card  case. 
^  pic         I  Visiting 
Ift5  t'^^'P       '  card 
^  Iiorp        Case 

Gold  fish. 
^  kum      f  Gold 

M  y^"        \  Fish 
Aqoariam. 
4^  kum         Gold 
H  y--e  Fish 

^  A-aun<7      Bowl 

Boaqaet. 
— '  yot  One 

:fL  <^^tarp       Bundle 
^  /(jr  Flower 

Stem  flower. 
— ■  yot.  One 

^  (foMf^A      Stem 
^  fnr  Flower 

Paper  flower. 
IK  gee         ]  Paper 
^  /<'<■        I  Flower 

n.   SiniNG  ROOM  CONTENTS. 

Sitting  room  contents. 
^  rluno        Sit         ii'i 


II    /"/)  Stand  '=« 

5^  fawng  Room  |  g  f 

^  noi-r  Inside        / 

:^  w<'  Of  1 

4^  mo<  Things       j 


Oil  lamp. 

"^  soo-e       Water 
'J^  (/««  Lamp 

Lamp  shade. 

!^  (/«n       I  Lamp 
.p.  f/wfP     I  Shade 

Wax  candle. 
^  /(»•;)  j  Wax 
ilt^  f/(or<i-     I  Candle 

Candle  stick. 
f||^  /ar;t)         Wax 
j^  r/iook       Candle 
g  <oe-r         Platform 
Fan. 

:}fi  l>art       I  Bundle 
J^  ««<>/»       j  Fan 

Screen. 

Folding  screen. 

^  y  I  Surround 

Jff-  pun       \  Screen 

Tea  table. 
^  eJtar      j  Tea 
t^  X-'V/        I  Table 
Visiting  card. 

^  p2>        I  Worship 
lj\^  ^¥Jt>       )  Card 


Pier  glass 
•^  '/"'"  \Vhole 

^  .«m;i  Body 

^ji  i-ane         Glass 

Clock. 

fl$  ."e  Time 

J^  «!/w  8"'  hourl 


cftwig       Clock 
Vase. 
^  /(T        I  Flower 
$§  jH?i        )  Bottle 

Picture. 
JJ  vwhar 

Portrait. 
ffi  say-ung 

Window  curtains. 
^  rhay-ung]  Window 
^  /(-rtm       I  Curtain 

Portiere. 
P^  moon     J  Door 
1^  /ram      I  Curtain 
Electric  lamp. 

^  (/mji      I  Electric 
jl^  dun       I  Lamp 

Gas  lamp. 

g    c/(ce  Self 

^  /o-c  Come  1  Gasf 

^/C  /*''■  Fire 

'J^  <^"«  Lamp 


Piano. 

1  Ocean 
y^  yea-iingl     i.e. 

I  foreign  | 
^  kum         Piano 

Couch. 

'I^  lie  Lazy 

fg  lo  Man 

j5|^  chaw II g    Bed 

Rocker, 
i^  ?/oj/  Rock 

^  y«  I  Cliair 

Arm  chair. 

1^  yiii  Round 

^-  soio  Hand 

;|^  ye  Chair 

Chair. 


ye 


Stool. 


3^    (1/lUU 

Table. 
;jt^  loc-e 

Carpet. 
j^  day        \  Ground 
^  chin       \  Blanket 

Stove. 


Heat 

Stove 


1C3 
Chicken  hoase. 

^^  ^igh      ]  Chicken 
^  oo/c       )  House 

Fence 

^  ?///(        I  Garden 
^  /rtr/i      )  Banister 

Flower. 


^.  eho 


Grass. 

Fruit  tree. 

Fruit 
Tree 


{F)  ROOMS  AND 
ROOM  CONTENTS. 


1^ 


House  contents. 
ook      House 

noi-e    Inside 


gee 


mot 


Of 


Things 


Visitor    '^ 


I.  PARLOR  CONTENTS. 
Parlor  contents. 

^  hcn-t 

^,  <tH  Hall 

PJ  ?ioi-e  Inside 

^  ^ee  Of 

^  mot  Things 


Top  floor. 

Tg  dm         1  Top 

\^  low 


]  Floor 

Hall. 

7^  yea-ung]  Ocean 
^R  hawiig  '  Hall 

Stairs. 

^>g  /o?('        \  Building 
^  </c         )  Step 

Up  stairs. 
lord        ]  BuildinK 


_Jl^say-xmg)  Up 
Down  stairs. 

^^  /ofi'        )  Building 
~K  /tar«     )  Down 
Porch. 

lH  /or«      I  Banister 
I^r]*  horc      )  River 

Outside  the  house  we 
have  stable  etc. 

^  ook  House 

?fp  i>-goi-e  Outside 

^3   yow  Have 

^  far  Flower 

[^1  ?//«  Garden 

Stable. 

j|y  "'<"'      j  Horse 
j^  fairiig  )  Room 


162 


Dining  room 
■^  sick  Eiit 

^&  charii       Meal 
^  faicng      Room 

Kitchen. 
J^  chee      J  Cook 
^  fawiiij  '  Room 

Bed  room. 
^J  /""        i  Sleep 
^  fawng  '  Room 

Wash  room. 

^  s«yi         Wash 
•^  sun  Boiiy 

^  fawng     Room   | 

Front  room 
■gj   cheen     \  Frout 
J^  fawng  '  Room 

Back  room. 
^  Aofo       I  Back 
J^  fawng  '  Room 

Ball  room. 

1  Ocean 
y^  ijea-ung       i.e. 

[  foreign  ' 
^  hawng  Hall  I 
^  fawng      Room     ' 

Basement. 

-h  /o<?         I  Earth 

Jra  /oo         )  Store  house 


1                 Beams. 

Door  sill. 

^  /<(»/-un<7 

P^   inoiDi     \  Door 
|J^  ,/«„•«    1  Sill 

Blinds. 

:j^  pari         To  pat 

Door  post. 

1   H^  yef/)         Leaf 

P^  tnoo)i    \  Door 
^jtjf  fawng  '  Post 

^  cliay-ung  Winilow 

Ridge  pole. 

Door  lintel. 

^  oai-       1  House 
^  yt;^         )  Ridge 

^^  moon     j  Door 
^5^  Mio^      '  Lintel 

Roof. 

Door  hinge. 

P^  moon     \  Door 
^  (/yjo       '  Hinge 

^  oat        1  House 
"^  6co-t'     )  Roof 

Door  bar  i.e.  lock 

Ditch. 

P^  moon     j  Door 
P^  «or?i      '  Bar 

^  H^rtr      1  Tile 

Jt^^  /iflrx      !  Ditch 

Lock. 

Tiles. 

^  saw 

^  "_i7rtr      J  Tile 
[^  mean     >  Face 

Key. 

^  ,sa(«        \  Lock 
;|b  see         I  Key 

Parlor. 

^  hart         Visitor        1 

Partition. 

Big   room 
^               1  hall 

;^  /jarH        J  Board 
l{(^  (■/((/(/-«?(,';' Wall 

Sitting  room. 

Ceiling. 

^  chaw        Set            1 

^  ^axe         Heaven 

"ll*  lup          Staud  up 

yf^  fir          Flower 

Jf^J-  fawng      Room        ' 

^  barn         Board 

161 


Wall. 

7^  chay-iing 

Tile  floor. 

R^  guy         Step    j 
^  chin  Brick  | 

:Hb  day  Floor 

Balustrade. 

1#J  '"'■"      )  A  row 
^f"  ^orn      (  Ritiliiig 

Pillar. 
Eaves. 

Foundation. 

^  set         \  Stoue 
^|I  %-o»'A)  Foot 

Sleeper. 

%  (/a^       j  Floor 
^  cAar?(    )  Scaffold 

Brickwall. 

^^  <7«7i        J  Brick 
Jj^  ihay-ungS  Wall 

Mudwall. 

J^  w/'//i        J  Mud 
J}^(7((yy-((?i(;!  Wall 


Door. 


0f5  «ee         J  Sailor 
■^  bun 
[!g-  /ar- 

(E)  PARTS  OF  A 
BUILDING. 

Path  way. 

.—  To   pass 

(  through   i 
^  /o  Road 

Verandah. 

^  /a)(c       1  Heaveu 
^g  toc-e     )  Terrace 

Stairs. 


Km 


kitp 


Step 
Series 


PI 


moon 


Outside  rooms. 

"^  cheen       Frout 

iApartnieutI 
onsideofanl 
open  court) 

Inner  rooms. 

-g  how        I  Behind 
JH  lo,>g       \  (v.  s.) 

Floor  or  story. 

^^  loiv        1  Floor 
Aloft 


gL    lOtO 

kork 


The  pupils  of  a  military 
school  are  known  as  soldiers. 


^  yow 

"^  mo  I 

11  ^".'7  i 

^iy*  tawntj  \ 


From 
Military 

School 


That  which 
Learn 

s 


1^  high  Is 

B^  %-oo  Called 

1^  look  Journey] 

^  'o  Road         s; 

ci  -  I  '^ 

^  /'(Hi  Soldier    )  "^ 

The  pupils  of  a  naval  school, 

are  known  as  sailors. 


^  yow 

^JC  soo-e 

1^  haick 
nyr  tawnr/ 


From 
Naval 

School 


jrt/j"  sn?tf         That  which 
;    ^^  Aaio^-        Learn 


#   /(/i//i  Is 

B-'j-  ki'y-oo     Called 


1(50 


nun 

tie 


Can 
See 

^  Utile      I  Heaven 

V^   III  u  II 


^  I'li'i 
^Ij   /'(-at 

X    //Off 

JSl  f>"'9 


Firmament 

a 


Part 
Divide 

I 
Star 


Autl 
Know 


ca: 


What  I  ^ 
Time  )  i 
Raise  up  I  ^ 
Wind      1 1 
Fall 
Rain 


?3 
P 


An  artist  draws  all  sorts 
of  pictures  and  maps. 


S^  whar 
gjg  see 


Artist 


Can 

Draw 

Out 


nun 
■S-  tohar 

ig.  ZtorA  Every 

^  yea-u»ij  Kind 

^  wAar  Picture 

@  /oe  Map 


A  dentist  takes  care  of 
the  teeth. 


^say-ung 
^  ngar 

f^  sarn 

7^  ni'jh 
JsL  vliin 


Deutist 


Is 

Devoted 
Care 


f\f^ 


or 


Tooth 

I  Classifier  ofj 

I  diseases 


A  music  teacher  teaches  the 
8  fundamental  sounds. 


Music  teach 


ytj  nUjh  Is 

-1^  dotigh-e  Instead 

^  yun         Man 


lay 
or  11 
iin 


To  care 

Case 

Facts 

Or 
To  do 


'1^  .  /' 

^  wot 

'j^  ijuoon       OfiScer 

A  doctor  cures  the  ills  of  man. 


^  ngaiok 
gjg  sea         I 

y^  nigh         Is 
Wr  goto         Teach 
^  yun  Man 

/V  hart  Eight 

^  yum  Sound 

^  (/un  Class 
P^  /ar 

An  astronomer  studies  the 
heavens  and  knows  the  stars 
and  can  predict  storm  and  rain. 


^b  sarn 
Jtj  nigh 

A  ^"" 


Doctor 


Is 

Cure 
Man 
Of 
Sickness 


y^  mun 
gfU  see 


Astronomer 


A  mining  engineer  goes  to 
mountain  to  search  for  metals. 

1^  kawng  )  Mining   en- 
^jg  see        I  gineer 

Tjf  nigh         Is 

■^  Aoo-e       Go  to 
|||  sarw         Mountain 
^   say-ung  Up 

;^  trtrm  Search 

1^  cho-e  To  pick 

j£  uiig  Five 

^  /t((m  Metal 


Each  professor  teaches 
according  to  his  profession. 

iHi  rhee         This 
"^  dun  Glass 

^  lo  Old  1  5 

Am  i  S^ 

pip  see  Teacher  \  g 

pff  saio 

P|t  hay 

^  kork  Every 

-^  ye  According 

S  A-av/  Their 

"^  cho-c  Ability 

A  clergyman  preaches  the 
gospel. 


That   which 
To  do 

'8 


6^  mooh 

'(S  chin 
^g  fook 
^  yum 


Clergy  man 


Is 

Tell 

Blessed     ^- 
Sound       S 


I  u  struct 
Meu 


A  lawyer  looks  after  his 
client's  affairs  at  conrt. 


lut 


m^^ 


see 


Lawyer 


159 
Pastor. 

i^  mook        Shepherd 
iSiU  see         )  Instructor 

Lawyer. 

^jh  eliawug]  Rules 
^iP  sec         j  Teacher 

Doctor. 


i^  sarn 


Heal 
Livinf 


Mining  engineer. 

1^  kawiig  1  Mine 
^ijj  see         \  Teacher 

Dentist. 

f^  say-nng  Meud 

^  ngar  Teeth 

^  )/e  Heal 
^  sarn 


Living 


Music  teacher. 

^  nyawk  1  Music 
^JP  see         ]  Teacher 

Astronomer. 

^  tone         Heaven 
"y^  inun         Literature 
§i5  see  Teacher 

Artist. 

^J  wJia7'     1  Picture 
^jp  «ce         )  Teacher 


Military  academy. 


I^  mo 


Military 
Prepare 


1^  /injo/;        Learn  I 

^g  tmovg      Hall 

Naval  academy. 

5JC  soo-e  I  Water  1 

giP  see  I  Instructor  f 

^^  hawk       Learn  i 
*y  ^a?f«^      Hall 

{D)  PROFESSIONAL 
OCCUPATIONS. 

The  professional  occupations. 
I  I  I  gow    From  1 

ly  shii,    Book 
IJ^F"     Hall 
prr*  «o       That  which 
coiiA  To  examine 
hay]  Up 
P^A-</y    The 
^    yun    Man 

^2  f/fe     Of 

'^y_.  i"un    Name  I  ^ 

r~|    mook  List        '^ 


158 


College. 

i^  </.f     Big 

^  sfiii  Book 
^  iiui        Enclosure 

Academy. 
pp   ihinio     \N  illiin 
^^  slifi        Book 
^  i/(H        Euclosure 

High  school. 
^  f/o  High 

^  /'((>•«  Class 
5^  see  Book 
■^  /rwooH   Hall 

Foblic  school. 
^   icattng  King     |  _  g^ 
^  cor        Family!  "  5 
^  i  Righteous- 

I  uess 
^  /((7W^-     Learn 

Private  school. 
3^  ctfg         Private 
^  cor         Family 
^^  »/(«        Book 
^  Z-wooH    Hall 

Missionary  training  school. 
^  /((iw^     Learn  , 

^  rhin       Tell  J 

^  (/oMjf/i    Doctrine 
§¥  s^'«        Book  I 

^  ktrooii    Hall  ' 


"Kigh  How"  and  "Chawng" 
are  synonymous. 


Machine)  »' 


at  %* 

n  /lOiP         Mouth    I  ? 

it  A-«/i£7  With  (and) 

)w  chawng  Workship 

ff.  Ji!<ih  U  (have) 

1^   lung  Same 

— •  yo<  A 

I  Kind      (of 
-ill  yea-unq] 

(  Meaning) 

H^  lar 

(C)  INSTITUTIONS 
OF  LEARNING. 

Institutions  of  learning. 
/  V    .'/""    Man 
PJH'  so      That  which] 
^I^Hl  hawk  Learn 


fp 


Y/^   how    College 


2: 


gee 


Of 


J^E*   f/iee     Place 


University. 
JB  </mh         Top 

iK.  'i^"      Big 

^^  s/iH  Book 

[{^  yi/i  Enclosure 


Inn. 

^  /iiiW       /  Visitor 
jj  deem      I  Inn 

Storage  house. 

^  .«flr/i       I  Warehouse 
^  fuwiig    I  Room 


Office. 


^  say  Write 

-J-  c/t<?e         Letter 
j"^  loio  Building     1 

Office. 

^  kiuig         Public 
^  ham        To  attend 
j^  fawng     Room 

"Photo"  gallery. 

H^  y/oi  Photo 

7^  saij  niig   Portrait 
^^  hno  Building 

Lumber  yard. 

7^  ham      \  Lumber 
^  hawng  \  Factory 

Coal  yard. 

^  moo-e      Coal 
;>j^  /cni         Charcoal 
^  foo^-         Company 


157 


Life  insurance  company. 


op  f^arn 
■^  mun 

^  saw 
.^  kung 


Insurance  company  is  called 
in  China  "Bo-Heem"  company. 


Protection  \ 
Life  J 

Living         f 

lasurancef / 
Compauy 


^  saw 
^.  kunfj 
u\  see 


lasurance 


Company 


5^  yow       Also 

H^  key-oo   Called 


'^  bo  Protection 

1^  hcem   \  Danger 


n 


^  hart 
^^  sarn 

^C  hart 


Company 

Hotel. 

Visitor 
Ware  house 
or 

Visitor 
Dwelling 


Railroad  company. 
^.  ('hay  Wagon 
^  lo  Road 

^  hmg        Public    ^  g 
^  «ec  Manage  U 

Steamship  company. 

j^  for  Fire 

j|^  si7i  Boat 


o 


H 


Company 


Gas  company. 

Self  ^ 

Come 

Fire  \ 


Company 


y    chee 
^lo-e 

.^  knvg 
^   see 

Electric  light  company. 
^  dave        Electric 
»/^  /or  Fire 

^  kung 

Compauy 
^  see         ] 

Fire  insurance  company. 
-^  bo  Protection  \ 

'JC  for         Fire       g  a 
V^  chook     Candlels" 


^  saw 


^ 


see 


•  Lisurancef  / 


1  Compauy 


Lunch  room. 

^  charn       )  Meal 
^  <^!zooH      )  Hall 
Saloon. 

YJ^  cAoJo        I  Drink 
^a  qiioon      I  Hall 

Quick  lunch  hall. 
^  fZar/>  )  Quick 
^  sick  I  Eat 

^^  quoon        Hall 

Newspaper  office. 
^  SMH  New 

1^  TO«H  Hear 

-^  guoo?i        Hall 
Printing  office. 
fP  ?/((7i  Print 

-^  cAee 
^g  quoon 

Fire  engine  house. 

j^  70!«  Save 

j^  for  Fire 

^  vhay  Wagon 

-^  (^Moo"        Hall 
Laundry. 


^ 
(i 


"a 
Paper  ]  » 


Letter 
Hall 


:^  say-uvg 
■g^  quoon 


f  =  plionetic. 


Clothes 


Hall 


18 


Watchmaker's, 

^g  chung    Clock 
^.  be-oo    Watch 

Carlo  shop. 

^  laiong    China  | 
^   (/(HI        Mau 


it  kuiig 


O 

a- 


l«I 


Market 
Head 

Restaarant. 

k-o         High 
/ow        Building 


156 
Vegetable  market 

I  Vegetable 
^  po         Store 

Shoe  store. 
$^  /(((//i  i  Shoe 
M  /"^      I  ^'^°'"® 

Hat  store. 

Tailor  shop. 

^  c/jo-e    Cut  cloth 
gl  /««^     Sew 

Furniture  store. 

Furniture 

M  P"         S'"*"^ 
Music  store. 

1  Musical  in- 


Hat 
Store 


^S  kum 


po 


struraent 
Store 


Jewelry  store. 


low 
sick 


quoon 


Hall 


W^P" 


Head 

Ornament 
Store 


Stationery  store. 

^R  hut  Pen 

^  wut  Ink 

1^  gee  Paper 

^  ;)o  Store 

Meat  store. 

^  yooi       j  Meat 
§1  po  I  Store 

Fish  store. 

Jl  i/-e         j  Fish 
^  po  j  Store 

Fruit  store. 

Sp  sarn 

^  Fruit 

M  /"'       ^^^^^ 

Bakery. 


tnean 
bow 


Bread 
po  Store 

Florist 


^/f"" 
M/''' 


Flower 

Store 


Drug  store. 

^^  yea-ork  Medicine)  ^i 

,j>^  r/io-^'  Material"! 

M  po  Store 


Bank. 


^  vgun        Silver 
^  kawiig  ]  Guilil 


Hardware  store. 
tale  Iron 


^  liawng  )  Guild 

Shoe  factory. 

||^  high  Shoe 

^  hawiig  )  Guild 

Cigar  factory. 

@    /oo-e 

^^  Spauisli 

^  soong  ] 

)^  yin  Tobacco 

^  hawng  Guild 

Grocery  store. 

^  c/to/)  Mix 

fg^  /or  Goods 

M  po  Siore 


Clothing  store. 

Clotliinsl 


Store 
Dry  goods  store. 

Wk  so  Name  of  city  j 

p^  liawng  Nameofcitj| 
fe|  po         Store 


155 
Maseum. 


yn|.  hork        Extensive 
^  mot         Things 
^^  (  Walled  en- 


ytn 


closure 


Pawn  broker  shop. 
g   (long     I  To  pawu 
M  P°         J  Sliop 
Fort. 

jl;^  poio        Gun 

[q    <o)/       I  Platform 

Nunnery. 
Temple. 


me-oo 


{B)  PLACES  OF 
BUSINESS. 

Places  of  business. 
iffT*  jo       To  do 
/  I  .     «nr«   Live        1  ^ 
2/c       Purpose)  * 


i\ij* 


^   gee     Of 
J^  so       Place 


Chapel. 

^g  /uo^      Blessed 
P   ^«/*i     Sound 
^   <(«.>//<;  Hall 

Home  for  aged. 

^  lo        Old 
/^  ?/«)(      Man 
^  (  Walled  en. 

closure 


yw 


Blind  asylum. 

^  »(ar;i   Blind   man 
,^  Common  i.  e. 

(inieriorperson> 
„tx^  (  Walled    en- 

f  closure 

Foundling  asylum. 

^  yokti     To  rear 
.^  j/'(;(      Infant 
*y   tawiig  Hall 

Jail. 

^g  A'OJVH     Prison 
■^  faiong]^  Room 

Theatre. 

^  h  n,      Theatre 

(  Walled    en- 
I  (  closure 


Grateful. 


J^  karm    )  Influence 
^  ifun      ]  Grace 


154 
Many  thanks. 

^  thuij/i  I  Much 
||-  c/,ay     I  Thank 


To  be  obliged  for. 

^  Icanii    f  Influeuce 
Ij'  i7(o^     )  Thank 


BUILDINOS-PUBLIC.  PRIVATE,  ETC.  AND  THE  DIFFERENT 
PARTS  THEREOF,  WITH  ROOM  CONTENTS,  ETC. 


Hospital. 


a 

o 


^  ye  Heal 

/p  «(T?'H      Living  I  ° 
.        I  Walle.l   e°n 
(  closure 


Dispensary. 


M 


see 


fff  so 


To  bestow 

Ileal 

Place 


Post  office. 

^  sliu       Book 
^  SU7I        Letter 
-jg  kwoon  Hill! 

Charch. 

^  //e         Polite 
^E  pi«        Worship 
*y  tawtiff  Hall 


City  hall. 

±^  /0H7        City  j 

Fp   chuiig      Within         I 

^  ngar        Court  |g-r:| 
P^  moon       Door  |  a  3- 

Folice  station. 


J^  /ooi-        Blue  1  '^ 
'^  ye  Coat  I   § 

^  fawng     Room 


Castom  hoase. 


m  «oo-c    I  Duty 
^  qnarn     Barrier 


Armory. 


-^    6U71 


Soldier 
^  fawtig  I  Room 


(J)  PUBLIC  BUIL- 
DINGS. 

Public  buildings. 
quorh  Country 
H"|   <-//m;h7  With 
^  y.e       Of 


ooi-       House  I i5 


^— 1^^  yze       Great 

National  capitol. 

^  A-(f?i     )  National 
15  /oe      i  Capitol 

State  capitol. 

%  earn    ]  State 
^  s«„     1  Walled 


Quick. 


'I^/« 


Slow. 


'I'g  inarn 


Purpose. 


^>  .<;«'' 


Respectful. 

^  kung       Respectful 
^  /:?<»       I  To   honor 

To  arouse. 

\^  sun         To  arouse 
'1^  un        1  To  awaken 

To  trust,  to  rely  on. 

*|'^  c/tee 

To  repent. 

'1^  foo-e 

Repentance. 

'1^  foo-e    )  To  repeut 
T^  ko-e        Change 

To  rest. 
J,  sick 

To  think  no  more  of,  to 
disregard. 

i^  some       Heart 
J^  sick      \  Forget 

To  influence. 


153 
Heedless. 


^  but         No 
/]>  see-oo     Little 
i(^  some       Heart 

Foolish 

^.  y  Stupid 

^  chun     j  Ignorant 

Clever. 


^  i7nnici     Astute 
^   )/»<;i      I  Bright 


To  know. 


^  c/iee 


To  feel. 


-^    A-OJ'i 


To  think  of  one  another. 


M 


see 


To  thiuk 


:w  «(7^-u7i(7  Wish 
To  console,  to  comfort. 

^^  orn         Peace 
^t  why      ]  Soothe 

Hatred,  Resentment. 

^  yin        \  Hatred 


1^  /m((       )  To  detest 
Urgent. 


Believe,  to  trust,  to  credit, 
faithful. 

■^  sun 

Sincere. 

'^  s(<»         Believe 
W  ««'  True 

Modest. 

^  leem      I  Shame 
Jfiu»  c/(et'      j  Modest 

Immodest. 

M  mo  Not 

J^  /ct'wj        Shame 
^it  chee        Modest    | 
Afraid. 

f^  kung     \  Fear 
f^  ;5((r      i  To  dread 

To  fear. 


^  <)>"< 


Frighten 


'|>^  pai-      ]  Dread 

Courage. 
iX  die       \  Big 


IB  (/«r(/i    I  Gall 
Cowardice. 
/Jn  ^-ee-oo     Little 
^  darm   \  Gall 

Look  out!  Be  careful. 
yj-v  ,sfe-oo     Little 
li^  some     )  Heart 


Proud. 

^  k-n/-oo    I  Boast 
^  iiffo        \  Proud 

Envy. 
j^  doufjh     j  Envy 
^  kail         *  ^^^^'^ 
Qaarrel. 

^  fun         )  Portion 
^  c/iar»i      1  Quarrel 

To  covet. 


^  tiirm 


Wish  or  desire  or  anticipate. 
Cruel. 


Pity. 


vhirn     j  To  (le.stroy 
To  bear 


^,  //«" 


Powerful. 
Cruel. 

Hope. 

^^  mawng 

Despair. 

^  «u<  I  Lo.st 

^  mawnp  ]  Hope 


^  /id  10 
»|^  siV/t 


May 
Pity 


Forgiveness. 


Broail 
Forgive 


Merciful. 


'I^  lemi 
'lllil  sill 


(P.ty 

I  Compassion 


Gentle. 


im  "'"" 


Soothing 


^  yow        ]  Gentle 
Patient. 

jj^  HO!-e       I  To  sufifer 
Kind  or  virtuous. 

W^  lay-nii(i  I  Gooil 
^  »«eM        )  Virtue 

Wicked. 


Wicked 
Bad 


Humble. 


^^  /'ee//i 
^-  bay 


Humble 
Inferior 


Compassionate. 

j^  chee       I  Kindness 
^i^  ''"y        )  Compassion 

Charity. 

'pn  y""        )  Kind 
^  o(-c       I  Love 

Piety. 

Kind 

Righteous- 
ness 


\Z  yuii 


^  chun,, 


Faithful, 
rruc 


Aif 


hearted 


^  ««/!  Believe 


Grace. 


-ft  (leen 


Grace 
Rule  or 
classic  or 
canou 


Laugh. 


see-oo 


Cry. 


P.B 


^  /iooA 


Anxiety. 

;^|>  <]itar      1  To   suspend 
la    lew-e     \  To  consider 


M  "" 


^  0-e 


Anger. 


Sorrow. 


Delight. 


lork 


Love. 


Hatred. 
^  vwoo 

Desire. 

Will. 

Memory  or  to  remember. 
^  neam 


To  record. 


bE  ^' 


ay 


Forget. 


~^^  mmvtig 

Glad. 

^  /oo?j     )  Happy 
^  /'oy       I  Joy 

Sorry. 

^  yoio       I  Grief 
^  «ow       ]  Auxious 


151 
Weaver. 


^.^  'AiVA-       Weave 
ig;  (7(0  Make 

[^  chay-uiig  Artisan 


Workman. 


T.  X-M)(.9        Work 
/^  yun         )  Man 


^ 
4 


Teacher. 

Before 
j  Live 

Teacher. 


^  /o  j  Old 

pUJ  *'^''  Instructor 


II. 

MAN'S  DISPOSI- 
TION. 


Man's  disposition. 

nn    Man  i 


A' 

j^"  gee    Of 


(«i    Nature 


Mp^  eA«?i  Disposition   I 


Joy. 


hay 


Tailor. 
cho-e      ]  Cut 


ij^  furig       1  Sew 
Thief. 

fg/o 


Thief 
Common  > 
man  I 


Tin  smith. 

'^  dhar         Strike 
^  set  Tin 

[2  c/tay-uiig  Artisan 

Umbrellamaker. 

M  jo  To  do 

•^  yoy  Umbrella  I 

[^  chay-ung  Artisan 

Washerman. 

^  «i(//j  Wash 

^  ye  Clothes 

^  yun  Man 

Watchmaker. 

fjtio  To  do 

^^  6^-00         Watch 
y^  yun  Man 

Watchman. 

J^  A'rtr?i  Watch 

^  yung       I  Bold 


150 

store  keeper. 

Sailor. 

Priest  (Baddhist). 

M  /"*         (  ^^°P 

^  «oo-e     j  Water 

^  lortr       1  Concord 

^  c.ir        1  Home 

^-  sow       1  Hand 

jpj  say-uiif/]  To  (»alue) 

Silversmith. 

Saddler. 

Priest  (Taou). 

"1^  tow          Head           j 

jB|  "><"■         Horse 

^  (/oM(7/(      Doctrine 
i  «<>(;         1  Student 

11^  sick          OruaniJDt 

^  or/i          Saddle 

[^  climj-ung  Artisau        | 

.  Instructor  \ 

m  /""     '             1 

Priestess  (Buddhist). 

Slave  (male'). 

Scholar. 

^jjj  see         1  Listructor 

■^  „o         )  Slave 

^  /irtwt     1  Learn 

|(l^  ^-ipoo     I  Aunt 

'^  ;jooi-      1  Servant 

^  f/tai/      )  One  who 

Priestess  (Taou). 

Slave  (female). 

f   1                                \          • 

Scholar. 

tM'  jeue       )  To  fast 

j^  moo-e    }  Girl 

^  /ifljcX:     /  Learn 

^1^  Awoo     1  Aunt 

ff  jeye       \  Child 

jf^  sarn        Live 

Printer. 

Soldier. 

Ship  Wright. 

-&  t((H        1  Soldier 

^  ihoriin     To  build 

f[]  ?/'(»          Print 

~J"  du/t       \  Person 

}|§  «!«           Ship 

^^  shii          Book 

A  sargeoD. 

_^                .Instructor 
#  foo         \ 

_^               ,  Instructor 

M>        1 

4rf»  n-qoi-e    Outside 

^^  1             ' 

I 

Shoe  maker. 

Olaeen. 

I  A  classifier 

(  01  disease 

H  Uijh          Shoe 

^  tcauiuj     Emperor 

m  ,je         \                    I 

j^  (7((7y-M»</|  Artisan 

^  /(0(«          Queen 

,  Physician   | 

or 

ip  «ar)i      1                      1 

Shoe  maker. 

Ropemaker. 

Table  boy. 

^  jo            To  do 

:J*J*  (Mar        Strike 

.                 I  Table  or 
^                 shelf 

$11  /(/(//j         Shoes          I 

1^  /((Wi        Rope 

t^  '^'^         1  ,                   i 

iSlfi  «««         \  , 

._^                ,  Instiuctor  I 

_^                   Instructor 

■^  jeye          Child 

'   #  >"        i                       1 

i    ft> 

149 


•^-  sow 


Peddler. 
^  farn       To   traffic 
f"?  y^y*         Child  boy 

Physician. 
^  ?/e  I  Heal 
^^  sar7i        Live 

Pilferer. 

^  srfrm      Tliree 

Classifier  off 
bands  I 

Hand 

Pilot. 
^  die  Lead 

^JC  >«oo-e      Water 
y^  y((«         Man       I 

Pirate. 
J^  ho-e  )  Sea 
^  chut     j  Thief 

Policeman. 

^  cA/^/t      Euvoy 

^  yic^-     )  A  servant 
or 

PolicemaD. 
^  look  I  Blue 
^  ^e         )  Coat 

Porter. 
0^  ii'e  Watch  I 

P^  »ioo)i      Door     I 
Grand   I 


■^  kit  II (J 


father 


Instructor! 


Masician. 
p^  cho-e        Blow 
1^  chay-ung  Sing 
0jp  see  i  Instructor 

^M.  foo  Teacher 

Nurse. 
3(n  nigh  Lady 

^■^  w^J"        !  Nurse 

Painter. 

^^  c/u<<  Varnish 

$i5  see 

Mfoo 

Paper  maker. 

Mi"  To  do 

IR;  gfce  Paper 

gig  see         ' 

'^  ><'        ) 

Pastry  coolj. 

^  jo  To  do 

Pj^  </(r»j  Peri  Oil 

JliJJ^^  some         Heart 
A    yuu  Man 

Pawnbroker. 
S    dawug     Pawn 
^f  po  Store 

^  .<!t«  Before 

[Born  orf  's!. 
^  ,s(7)7(         live    or 

(fresh      I     / 


Instructor 


Law  adviser. 

giP  •'''^  Instructor 

^  yea         j  Sire 

Lawyer. 

i|jf  chawng     Accuse 

gig  see  \  Instructor, 

or 

Lawyer. 

^^  lul  1  Law 

gf|j  see  )  Instructor  , 

Mandarin. 
J  ■  1^  \ 

or 
^  ?n«?i        I  Civil 

^   qnoon       Mandarin] 

or 
JE^  mo  Military 

gi*  quoon       Mandarin 
Mason. 

jUi  soo-e        Water        | 
pip  see  I  Instructorl 

^.  foo  Teacher 

Merchant. 
j^  saij-uiig  )  Merchant 
y^  yun  Man 

Moray  changer. 

;jH^  t7io«)         To  barter 
^  ?((/i<»         Silver 
^  ?/ii;i  Man 

17 


148 


Governor. 

H  chitup     j  Whole 
^  (look       ]  To    govern 

Lieat  governor. 

^  joo         )  Manage 
^^  <o);-e      j  Governor 

Groom. 


Fop  or  dade. 


||  m<jr 

iifoo 


Horse 
Husband 


Inn-keeper. 

J^  deem      )  Shop 
^  gee         )  Lord 

Jeweler 

tR  yoi-e         Gem 
1^  /.«y  Tool 

[^  chay-wig  Artisan 

King. 
^P  waung 

Young  lady. 

^[J  A:woo         Aunt  j 
^  nay-ung  Lady 
'fj'  ^eye  Child  ] 

Lapidary. 

;g  se<  I  Stone 

^^chay-nng^  Artisan 


.^  kung 
"T*  see 


Flower 
Flower 
Grand  ]§ 
father 

Child     lirl 


Fruiterer. 


quore 
hart 


Fruit 
Trader 


Gambler 
1^  6or/; 


ft/0 


Gamble 
To    ex- 
change 
Common 
old  person 


Gardener. 


^  yin  Garden 

~y  dun         )  Person 


Gentleman. 


3*  qnone 
•7"  fl^«« 


Prince 
Child 


Glass  mender. 


^  ho  To  repair 

r7(ee  Glass 

Tool 


Cll 

[^  chay-niig  Artisan 


Emperor. 

^  loauiig    I  August 
*^'  «/ic         j  Sovereign 

Engraver. 

^  trr-u,       To  carve 
^J  //(j<  To  cut 

[^  chay-ung  Artisan 

Executioner. 


To  slay 
Haud 


Farmer. 


^  ^-(/Di         To  plough 
5J  /t'ji  Farm 

^  yiin  Man 


Farmer. 


*/' 


nung 
'oo 


To  cultivate 
Husband 


Ferry  man. 

^  dough     )  Ferry 
^  gee  \  Lord 


Fisherman. 


Fish 


^  lA     gray 

^^""^      I  beard 


Cobbler. 

fc  jo  To  do 

f|  high  Shoe 

y^  7/«?i  Mau       I 

Commercial  agent. 

^  die  \  Big 

^  tar«        j  Rauk 

Comprador  or  market  man 

^  my  Buy 

\  Transact 
^"^  ^  '  business 


Consul. 
^  /(«!  j  To  govern 

^  sec  ]  Business 

Vice  consnl. 
glj  foo  Assistant  j 

-f^  ZiUi  To  govern 

^  see  Business    ) 

Cook. 

^  chee         I  Cook 
•^  grt-e  I  Boy 

Coolie  (for  house). 

^  (^(iooii      1  To  manage 
jj^  (Zee??!       )  Shop 

Coolie  (for  street). 

;^  nigh         )  Mud 
"T  kung  Worker 


147 

Bookseller. 

g   my  Sell 

^^  s/fji  Book 

^  /iar«  Trader 

Butcher. 

^  my  Sell 

1^  7/ooi-  Meat 

^  /;«?•<  Trader 


Captain. 


j|{5f  see?i 


Ship 
Lord 


Police  captain. 


^  ye 
55  /ow 


Blue 
Coat 
Head 


Captain  of  militia. 

-&  bun  j  Soldier 

fl§  iojo  Head 


Carpenter. 

y^  moo/;  Wood 

Pf  chay-ung\  Artisan 

Clerk. 

!^  so«/  Write 

^  c/iee  Letter 

J\^  yun  Mau 


Baker. 

■^  jo  To  do  work  1 

"^  ^gH  Cake 

^K  sic/;  Eat 

^  !/«?!  Man 

Barber. 


Shave 
Head 
Common 
man 


^  Itut 


Beggar. 


Beg 


% 

?/c 

JBoy 

Old  beggar  man. 

t; 

hilt 

Beg 

^ 

sick 

Eat 

% 

lo 

Man 

Blacksmith 

ti 

dhar 

Strike 

m. 

tale 

Iron 

E  '■^"'^" 

u!ig  Artisan 

Bookbinder. 

#r 

danc 

Nail 

# 

shil 

Book 

E 

chay- 

ung  Artisan 

146 


((')  CIVIL. 
OccDpations. 

/V     1/nn    Man 


Of 


Busiucss 


yi*  i/cep  Occupation 

Agent. 

-T^  dough-e    Instead 
3||  lay  Care 

y^  yun  Man 


Ambassador. 


chigh 


Imperial 
EnToy 


Apothecary. 

^^  yea-ork  I  Medicine 
]^  say-ung  \  Merchant 

Architect. 

^  woi  Draw 

^  oaA  House    f 

J{|^  cAjci-         Plan 
(^  i-hay-ung  Artisan 

Artisan. 

T  i-un</        I  Work 
[^  chay-ung    Artisan 

t  =  phonetic. 

These  phcnetics  represent  the 


Italy,  f 

]|^  ye  Mind 

^  </»V  Big 

^Ij  lay  Interest 

Spain.  -|- 

p^  «f_(7/(  West 
JjEE  pwii  Rank 
^  /((/or       Tooth 

England. 

^  ^(tH  I  Brave 
Pq  (juoric  )  Country 

Germany. 

^  (/««  i  Power 
P^  <7Bori  I  Country 

America. 

^^  may  |  Beauty 
|j|  lyuoj'^  I  Country 

Mexico. 

~^  Ink 

West 
Elder 
brother 
guork      Country 


mot 
sigh 

ko 


^    (/U7J 


Etc. 


China. 

F^   <7/M»(;   I  Middle 
^  i/fior/;   I  Country 
Japan. 

H    yot  Day 

;>jj  too»        Origin 
^  i/MyrZ;      Country 

India. 

1^  dough     Rule 
^  7«ori-     Country 

Russia. 

■^  ngaw      Sudden 
^  /cj!c         Spring  trap 
^  s(r  To  rive 

France,  f 
^  /(7r<        Ruler 
^  /flr«        Hyacinth 
p^  sigh        West 

Turkey.  -]- 
-f'  toe  Earth 

;^  ye  Ear 

IE  kay  The 

Sweden. 

^  soo-c      Sceptre 
-tt  (/a;/;       Canon 
^  7i(or^-     Country 


Chinese  attempt  to  reproduce  foreign  words. 


Cochin  Chinaman. 

^Sr  oru  Peace 

^  narm       South 

A   ynn  Mau 

Dane. 

^Wi   wauntj     Yellow] 

^  yun  Mau 

Dutchman. 

f!^  Iiaio     I 
Pi  '«'•" 

A  2/"" 


Holland  f 
Mau 


Englishman. 


f  I)  /«y 

A  v'"^ 


Brave 
Luck 
Interest  1 
Man 


Frenchman. 


A  y"" 


Rule 

Violet 

West 

Mau 


Corean. 


0i    ^-0 

A  y"' 


Tall 

Lovely 

Man 


^  /« 

A 


145 
American. 

?•  Flower 

Flas 


i/un 


Man 


American. 

afe  ?«(??/         Beauty 
1^  (/ifo?'^      Couutry 
y^  yun  Mau 

Burman. 


A  y"" 


I  Fine     silk 
thread 
Emperors 
domain 
Man 


taiviuj 


Chinaman. 

Name  of  a 
dynasty 

^  yun  Man 

or 

Chinaman. 

^  ^vhai'      j  China 

^  ?/!«!        )  Man 
or 

Chinaman. 

FJI   chitnff       Middle 
^  5?<07'^      Country 
^  !/(<?!  Man 


55 


are 


Uncle. 

\  Term      of 


endearment/ 

Jj^  nook      Uncle  ] 

or 
;^  sook      Uncle 

Father's  younger  brother. 

:J^  sook     j  Uncle 
^  /oo      j  Father 

Uncle. 

1  Father's  elder 
brother 

Uncle. 

!Term       of 
endearment! 
Father's 
^^  hurt    I  elder 

brother 

Father's  elder  brother 
Elder 
brother 
^  foo        Father 


^Q  iari 


5g  are 


'fj^  /«(r< 


^ 


(^)  POLITICAL. 

kork     Every 
quark  Couutry 

Ai/an       Mau      j  hs 
pp.  7?i(t?i      People!  <^ 


t  =  phonetic. 


144 

Eldest  sister. 

Nephew's  wife. 

Male. 

^  arc 

Terra  of 
endear- 

^  jut     \  Nephew 
^Hf  foo     \  Female 

_^  tKirw      1  Male  \ 

^  y«»         1  Mau   I 

or 

lueiit 

Niece. 

^  hmg         Male 

<fa>':/ 

Elder 
sister 

i 

^  Jul      \  Nephew 
■^  no-c  \  Female 

Mother. 
-^  »io         1  Mother 

Younger 

sister. 

Niece's  husband. 

|g^  <•//»»       1  Near 

^  moo-e 

^  Jut        Nephew 

Mama,  f 

-Jf^  7io-e      Female              ^ 

^  arc         )  Ah 

Wife's  sister  I  i.e. 

sister  in  law). 

i^  sigh      Sou   in  law 

f^  ,i,ar        ]  Ma 

iM  'r 

Orphan. 

Mother  in  law. 

Wife's  sister 

s  husband. 

KR  ^""'<'"    Aloue 

^\t  n-goi-e  \  Outside 

1  Sister  iu 

-^  gee        Son 

-Q:  mo          \  Mother 

iM  'V' 

1  law 

Parents. 

Mother  in  law. 

^  chay-ung 

Husband 

^  foo     ]  Father 
-Hr  mo     \  Mother 

i  Mouutaiu 
•^  ■              1  people 

Soi 

1. 

Self. 

-^  mo            Mother 

0 

r 

^  i-hee      One's 

Marry  (to  wed  a  man). 

%  y« 

Sou 

1 

1    Q  kay    ]  Self 

^  <-«r 

0 

Sou  1 

Sisters. 

Marry  (to  wed  a  woman) 

Daughter's 
■^  no-e 
^  sigh 

husband. 

1  Female 
(  daughter 
I  Sou     in 
jlaw 

^  j,,^       Elder  sister 

i  Younger 
^^           \  sister            ) 

Elder  sister. 

Nephew. 

^  ;u<          1  Nephew 

;:^  ^ee          \  Child 

or 
^  jut            Nephew 

f  =  phone 

ic. 

Grandchild. 


Grand  daughter. 

2^  no-e       Female 
-^  sun      ]  Granf]  child 

Grand  daughter's  husband. 

"^  no-e       Female  1 

-^  siXn        Grand  child) 
;^  sigh       Son  in  law 

Grandson. 

^  norm     Male 

^  siiii     I  Grand  child 

Grandson's  wife. 

^  narin     Male 

.^  Sim        Grand  child) 

5^  foo         Female 

Husband. 

y^  cliay-ung\  Ten   feet 
;^  foo  \  Husband 

Husband. 

^  lo  I  Old 

^  kuvg       j  Male 


Man. 


A  y"" 


Male 
Man 


143 
Grand  father. 

jj|§^  jo         I  Ancestor 
^  kung     \  Male 

Grand  mother. 


JO 


Ancestor 
B' em  ale 


Grand  father's  elder  brother. 

■\^  bart     I  An  elder 
^  kung     I  Male 

Grand  father's  younger 
brother. 

y^  sook        Younger 
^  kintg     \  Male 

Grand  father's  eldest 
brother's  wife. 

'[Q  bcrrt        All  elder 
.^  kung       Male 
^^  pa!«        Female 

Grand  father's  youngest 
brother's  wife. 

7^  sook       Younger 
^  kung       Male  | 

^  ^((70        Female     ] 

Great  grand  mother. 
^  tie        j  Big 


Father's  younger  brother's 
wife. 


7^  sook 
^^  paio 


Uncle 
Female 


Father's  eldest  sister. 

"^  (lie  I  Elder 

^fgf  kiooo      \  Aunt 

Father's  younger  sister. 

^tg  sigh        \  Younger 
"^  kiooo       \  Aunt 

Female  or  daughter. 

j$f  no-e 

Female. 


paw 


Female 


■^  no-e       I  Female 
A  Z/""         I  Person 


paio 


m  p"« 

^  yaw 


Female. 

Friend. 

I  Friend 
\  Friend 


Girl. 
j^  710-c  Female 


■^  gee         \  Child 
Grand  father. 

:fe  «ie  j  Big 

^  ^-uKf/  Male 


142 


Family. 

car         I  Home 
kuhn       \  Relatives 


Father. 
;5c  /"<>         I  Father 


cliun 


Near 


Papa,  f 

^  ,nr  i  Ah 

%  I'cir  \  Pa 

Father  in  law. 

:^f«  n-goi-e  |  Out 
^  /oo         I  Father 

Father  in  law. 


gork 


Mountain 
height 


'^  foo  Father 


Father's  elder  brother. 

'f^  ban       \  Elder 
;^  foo         \  Father 

Father's  elder  brother's  wife. 

^1^  bart       \  Elder 
^^  paw 


Female 

Father's  younger  brother. 

y^  sook       I  Uncle 
;^  foo         I  Father 

t  =  phonetic. 


he-oo 


Coasins. 

Relat-    \ 
iousof  a 
j  difierei'iti 
I  surname! 
\  Elder 
I  brother ' 
Younger 
f  brother 

CoQsins. 

^  be-oo        Mothers 
Jf,  hun  brother's 

^  die  children 

Coasins. 


Sister  in  law. 


1^  (fie 


iM  y« 


Aunt 


^  6e-oo       (v.s.))i  ;^--- 
Danghter. 

Danghter  in  law. 
*A     .  ,        I  Daughter 

M  «i'^- 

(  in   law 
^  /oo  Female 

Son  in  law. 

^  Ho-e       )  Daughter 
^  siV/Zi        j  Son  in  law 

Family. 
^  cnr         i  Home 
y^  ^««         I  People 


-^  i/e 


^ 


Younger 
Brother's 


so 


I  wife 
Brother  in  law. 
c/ieye        Wife 


cow 


I  Wife's 
'  brother 

Brother  in  law. 

^^  kuiu         A   tie 

/brother 
Brother  in  law. 
"^^  kuin  A  tie 


Younger 


I  brother 
Children. 

^  gree  1  Child 

^  7)o-e       )  Girl 
Coasins. 

[Relat-     \ 


'y  I  aw  II  g 


jfj  hun 
^^  lite 


jives  of 
jthe  same  J 
(clan 

(Elder 
I  brother 

I  Younger 
/brother 


MAN'S  RELATIONS:  SOCIAL  —  POLITICAL  —  CIVIL. 
MAN'S  DISPOSITION. 


Bride. 

sun         I  New 
nay-unt/\  Younglady 


Bridegroom. 


^  sun 
^|3  loriig 


New 
(lentleman 


Elder  brother. 
^  lain 

Younger  brother. 
PP  die 


Brothers. 


(v.  s.) 
(v.s.) 


Sister  In  law. 


^  die 
M  so 


Elder 

Brother's 

wife 


Mother's  elder  sister. 

■^  die  Elder 

Mother's 

^  ye 

(  sister 

Mother's  younger  sister. 


t  Younger 


Mother's 
sister 


Father's  elder  sister. 


-^  die 

f^  kiooo 


Elder 
Father's 

sister 


Father's  younger  sister. 

^  sigh  Youuger 

Father's 


f(g'  kivoo 


sister 


Boy. 

S  riarm      J  Male 
■^  gee  )  Child 


(^1)  SOCIAL. 

REI-ATIONSHIP. 

/y   ?/!<?i  J  People 
"\f^    lun      Affinity 


Aont. 

^^  kwoo 

Mother's  elder  brother's  wife. 

~h^  die  Big  elder 

I  Mother's 
ij^^  hun  brother's 

wife 

Mother's  younger  brother's 
vife. 


^^  hnn 


Small 
(younger)  j 
Mother's 
brother's 
wife 

16 


SECTION  III. 


139 


(4) 


Rad.  3  and  4.      4  and  1  Strokes. 

I  ^.  to  string  beads;  — ■  |  ^,  a 
Btring  of  cash;  I  ^.  ^  I  ,  to  league 
together ;     |    ^,  a  jilau  to   swindle ; 

I  ^,  to  band  together;  — ■  |  f^.  a 
Btring  or  bunch  of  crackers;  —  |  E^, 
a,  string  of  beads. 

Rad.  3, 

^   V*«,  a  lord,  chief;  a  point;  a  flame. 

2  "/»L  vn,  a  pill ;  a  pellet ;  — ^i  |   ,  one 

[I'll;  ^M  I  >  P'"^  inclosed  in  wax;  1^ 
I  Yf.  to  roll  pills;  ^  I  ,  a  me- 
dicinal pill ;  ^  — •  ijfii  I  ,  take  one 
pill ;  :g:  I  ,  to  swallow  a  pill ;  j^  |  , 
a  pellet. 

3  44-   (art,  carnation  color  or  colored ;  sin- 

cere; I  ^,  vermilion;  |  i^,  a  sin- 
cere heart;  |  vti>  lg[,  of  a  sincere 
heart;  — ■  t^  |  l}!^,  entirely  devoted 
to;  ^^  I  ,  an  efficacious  pill  or  re- 
medy; I  "Jj,  a  good  prescription;  f|]j 
I  ,  divine  medicine ;  ^  I  .  to  prac- 
tice alchymy;  to  distil  medicine. 

4  tt    'chu,    a    lord;    principal,    chief;    to 

rule,  to  govern ;  |31  I  ■  A  '  '  ^O'*^""- 
eign  of  a  state  or  nation;  ^  |  ,  the 
master  of  a  family  ;     |    \,   host;   Jjg 

I  ,  donor;  J^,  )  ,  benefactor;  -f^  |  , 
creditor;^  |  ,  a  princess;  jjjij]  |  ,  the 
ancestral  tablet ;  ^  |  ,  to  put  up 
the  tablet;     ]    ^,  a  ruler;  to  rule; 

I   -&,  mistress ;     |   ^,  to  patronize ; 

I  y^,  to  rule;  I  ,^,  will;  -ff  |  , 
to  decide ;  to  have  power  to  decide ; 
to  rest  with;  |  ^,  Your  Highness; 
M  I  ,  the  true  lord;  ^  \  f^,  a 
rich  man  ;  J  [  ,  the  seller  ;  |  [^ , 
solid,  firm  ;  secure  ;  |  fj^,  the  mana- 
ger of  a  marriage. 

Rad.  4,  / 

J  p'it^,  a  left  stroke. 
Jh  'nai,  then  ;  but ;  to  bo  ;  also  ;  to  wit ; 
forsooth ;  certainly  ;  you ,    |    pj,  then 


Rad.  4.       4  Strokes. 


it  will  do,  or  will  do  then;    |  ^-,  then 
if,   but  as  to ;  ^  f?q    I    ^.  dead  and 
buried  forsooth  ;    j|;[^   |    ,  this  is ;      | 
^   I   ffl.  yo"''  ancestors ;  ^  |  ,i^, 
search  your  heart. 

^  yig,  five;  see  ^,  R.  7. 

\[   ngdi^,  to  cut,  as  grass;  to  govern;  to 
regulate  ;  clever;     |    a ,  to  cut  grass ; 
I   ^,  at  peace,  as  a  country. 

X  sz\  four;  see  gg,  E.  31. 

^  'kail,  mne;  see  ^,  see  K.  5.  2 

^fi  'lean,  long,  a  long  time;  sometimes;  at 
certain  times;  ^  |  ,  a  very  long  time; 
•^  \  ,  perpetual;  |  '^,  tasting;  | 
pS-  I  ,  at  intervals,  sometimes;  |  pS. 
I  3I5,  I  I  ^H^, sometimes  comes, 
comes  at  short  intervals,  does  some- 
times come;  p^  \  ,  so  long!  very  long; 
0  I  ,  rather  long;  |  ^ij,  long 
separated,  long  parted ;  )  iUi,  have 
been  long  lookmg  for;  erelong;  J^itj^ 
I  I  ,  for  permanent  use,  for  very  long 
use;  W    I   ;^^,  a  long  affair. 

j^  ,cAi,  sign  of  the  genitive;  he;  she;  3 
it;  to  go  to  (in  the  Classics);  ^^^  1 
K,  the  good  and  had,  ^f^  I  \, 
a  virtuous  person;  ^  |  B^  ^>  hea- 
ven's plain  decree;  ^p  |  "(cf,  how? 
how  then?  ^  |  -^ -(JJ,.  there  is  no 
such  thing;  (JS-'fuf  |  ,  whither  are  you 
going?  ^  I  ,  impossible  ;  ^  |  ^. 
those  who  purchase  them ;  ^jj*  )  » 
strike  him  or  them;  g^  |  ,  grant  it; 
allow  him;  permit  it;  ^  |  ^,  that 
which,  or  he  who  rules. 

^  Jstu,  see  ^,  R.  167. 

^|E  ch/i,  suddenly;  unexpect<;dly;  inad-   4 
vertently  ;   all  at  once ;     |    ^i,  sud- 
denly ;     I     B ,  happened  to  see;    |   ^^ 
I   fSi,  suddenly  there  is  some  and  then 
nothing. 

^  fot,,  want;  wanting;  lack;        ^' '" 


138 


SPECIMEN  PAGES  OF  A  CHINESE  ENGLISH  DICTIONARY. 

The  student  is  here  shown  page  4  and  5  of  a  regular  dictionary;  in 
conjunction  herewith  the  student  is  referred  to  section  IV  of  tills  book 
on  the   Use  of  a  Chinese  Dictioniirv. 


(5) 


Had.  4  and  5.      9  and  1  Strokes. 

want  of  food ;  jpj  |  ,'  lack  of,  wanting ; 
bK  I  ,  "^  1  ,  poor,  imp>overiehe<l ; 
^  I  ,  Wfanod,  fatigued. 
Sp.  J,  an  inteijertion  of  admiration  or 
surprise;  a  note  of  interrogation;  often 
after  a  verb :  in,  out  of,  from ;  sign  of 
the  vocative;  J^  |  ,  amazing!  ^  {  , 
nearly,  almost;  perhaps;  Pj  |  ,  may 
we  ?  may  we  do  it  ?  ^  |  ^  |  ,  is  it 
right  or  not  ?  ./f-    |   ,  consists  in;   ^ 

I  ,  obtained  from;  -ct  |  Jfj^.  agrees 
with  this;  rtj  I  ,  to  issue  from;  ^U  |  , 
eqiial  to,  like;  ^  |  ,  -^  |  ,  bke;  the 
same  as;  just  as;  of  the  same  class;  ^\ 
^IJI   I   ,  IS  It  not  delightful  r  ^^ 

I  ^,  nothing  IS  higher  than  heaven; 
5|J    I    ^i^,  asked  it  from  him;  y^  '/-f 

I    ,  bow  vast! 
7    3fe  jAinii,  perverse;  strange;  crafty;     | 
t&.    malidous;    wily;    ^^   |   ,  clever, 
ingenious ;     -^  ^  f!^     \   ,    so    well 
trained!  said  of  a  child,     |    S,  imac- 
countable. 
*^    ^    nhiw)^  to  mouot;  to  ride  in  or  on,  to 
emliraco.  to  avail  of,  to  take  advantage 
of;  to   multiply;    to   plan;      |    ,^,  to 
mount  a  horse;     |    ^g,  to  get  into  a 
chair;    I    ,1^^.  to  get  into  a  carnage; 

I  ■^^■^.  I  ^^.  •<»  embrace  an  op-' 
portunitv,  I  fl^.  to  improve  a  favor- 
able time;  I  ^J  Jl^.  ^'  '*'  ■'"''^  °"  " 
cloud  up  to  heaj^n ;  |  ^g,  to  take  a 
wife. 
^k  thintf,  a  classifier  of  chariots;  a  teem 
of  four  horses ;  u  chariot. 

Had.  5,  Zu 

2j  «',.  curved,  bent ;  ^  |  ,  the  6r8t 
cause;  ^  |  ,  to  erase  and  correct;  ^ 
I   ,  first,  second;  this. 

^  %iw,  nine;  1  |  ■^  |K[.  a  multi- 
plication table;  I  jJJ,,  the  nine  grades 
of  oflicul  rank;  the  ninth  grade;    I 


Rad.  5.       7  Strokes. 


J^,  the  nine  classes  of  people;     |  j^ 
I   ,  most  likely,  ninety-nine  to  a  bun 
dred;    I    ^,  the  emperor's  palace;     [ 
i^^.  the  emperor;    |   ^,  aritb 
luetic. 
J\ji^  mal^,  what?  who?  why?    |    gf-,  what? 

I  eft  "'">*'  Ml-  I  ^-  "'•y?  for 
what  jjur}>osu  1"  ^  tti|.  |  j^.  what  i^ 
your  namf?  |  f/j^py "(Jt-  ^M'  *^*^  y*^" 
a.t  in  that  way?  Mj^^'j  Pgl^?  I  ilf. 
this  IS  not  wry  gotKi,  -^  ,  ^  |l/g, 
what  18  itr*  ^  !  [^§-^(l/l^.  why  is  it 
not  good?  ^  ]  Spi^.  nothing  very 
good. 

■^  hat^^  Ut  beg;  to  request;   to  ask;     |      2 
^,  to  beg  food.    I    -^,    \    ^,a.  hegr 
t^ar;      I   JK,   to  ask   a   favor;    -^    |    , 
humbly  beg;  ^g    \   ,  would  further  [or 
again]  request;  :Jy    |    ^^.  to  sneeze. 

■m,  'ij'',  a  tinaJ  particle;  also;  further; 
to  be,  I  '^,  there  are  or  there  were; 
^^t-  I  .  gootl^css  is  benevolence; 
y^  Fi^^  I  ,  not  worth  dreading;  ^^ 
(if  I  ,  may  not;  =-gfgj!R  I  ^. 
do  you  lonipare  rae  tt.ta  gourJ'r  ^Z-^jpf 
I  ^,  does  he  understand  filial  and 
fraternal  dutiesi'  pfg^^^  1  ,  that 
from  which  one  may  depart  is  not  tho 
riijht  way;  5fC -^  ^^  I  »  *  be  re  is  no 
such  thing;  |  'W',  has  already;  — ' 
I    .just  Mike;  -^   |   ,  why? 

pL  *^''  ^^  divine;    ^jq     [   ,   to  ask   the  5 

m  'mtin,  to  bt;  forced  to  do  against  the  7 
inclination,  to  urge;     |    JgJ,  compell- 
f'<\,  read  'mantj,  a  toad. 

^   '",  milk;    the   breast;    tender;   soft; 

^     I     .    Pi     I     .    to    suck  .%\     ,'^ 

I  ,  lo  wean;  I  ^  cheese;  |  yj^, 
butter;  I  ^,  frankincense;  |  OTj, 
the  breast;     |    ■Q',  a  wet  nurse. 


137 


176 


A 


guy 


Guard 


gee 


17o 


174 


kun 


Diliffeut 


#1 


ngaw 


A 


It 


chew-e 


Oh! 


173 


A 


yun 
Man 


yow 


Have 


Teach 


koong  •^W  gee 

Merit  I         Child 


^^ 


Hequeath 


gee 


Child 


2/e 


Ought 


hay    I 

I'lay 


^  C— ^  Effort  "*7^  »  > 


l-^I^ 


;?) 


Zicfc 


Strength 


^ 
^>^ 


Not  ' 


yick 


Only 

got 
One 

kua 


kum 
Gfdd 


Add  I  1 1  t,^3ii»  Classic 


Mi 


Full 

yun 
Coffer 


173  Men  bequeath  to  their  children,  coffers  of  gold. 

174  I  teach  you  children,  only  this  one  book. 

175  Diligence  has  its  reward,  play  has  no  advantages. 

176  Gh !  be  on  your  guard ,  and  put  forth  your  strength. 


136 


172 


171 


170 


169 


qiiO)tig 


Liglit 


^  /"W     Haise 
X/    ^         Oil       y^V-*     Name    ^-^^xV. 


|3U     Before    '^'^i»      i^^und 


say-ung 
Above 


soo-e 

b  hand     »♦ 
down 


gee 
Cause 

qilone  \ 
Ruler 


yow 
Young 

ye 
And 

liawk 
Learn 


/u'»i 


Display 


I  Below      ^  I 


■^yj    >  t_)n      .^^^^  Father    *»  ' 


/art 


Fertilize 


^ 


i^ 


^^ 


how 


After 


i 

y^^  mo       "X,,^  mun  ^  ^^ 

^J'     Mother    V^  \^    People  >^      I 


chawng 


Strong 


ye 


And 


ham 


Act 


169  Learn   while  young,  and   when   grown    up,   apply  what  you  have 

learned. 

170  Influencing  the  sovereign  above,  and  benefitting  the  people. 

171  Make  a  name  for  yourself,  and  glorify  your  father  and  mother. 

172  Shed  lustre  on  your  ancestors,  and  enrich  your  posterity. 


135 


awn 


165  The  dog  keeps  guard  by  night,  the  cock  proclaims  the  dawn. 

166  If  foolishly  you  do  not  study,  how  can  you  become  men? 

167  The  silkworm  produces  silk,  the  bee  makes  honey. 

168  If  a  man  does  not  learn,  he  is  not  equal  to  the  brutes. 


1:^4 


M.i'^)] 


Correct 


chee 


Word 


161  He   was  ranked  as  an  inspired  child*,  and  was  appointed    a    Cor- 

rector OF  Texts. 

162  He,  although  a  child,  was  already  in  an  official  position. 

163  You,  young  learners,  strive  to  bring  about  a  like  result. 

164  Those  who  work,  will  also  succeed  as  he  did. 

*)  In  our  copy  purchased  in  N.  Y.  City,  there  occurs  an  omission  of  two  stanzas  —  Lbe-oo 
Ybh,  age  seven  years,  is  the  one  referred  to. 


133 


160 


ye 
You 

warm 

Male 


159 


158 


157 


^k 


bay 


They 


^ 


^^l^   Child 


no-e 


Girl 


giee 


xJrAr^^k  dawng 
i^     Ought 


I       Child 


JL 


Yet 


^:1  ^: 


foe 


Toe 


chay  I      ^^  [^ 


Q 


C5 


nun 


Abie 


Able 


0> 


see-o 


Youug , 


^^^^  A^  choonq  "^  won  '         J£  /l^ 

>^4^>v-^Clever,       >N  Hum        -^^l 


'^  bean 
Judge 


^  sun  >^    mww  I  v  yum  ^^■^f 

>wjr    ™""^":  ^^Y^"»°  ^^W 


AiMm 


Lute 


157  Cho-k  Mun  Kay  was  able  to  judge  from  the  sound  of  a  lute. 

158  Jay  Toe  Won  was  able  to  compose  verses. 

159  They  were  only  girls  yet  they  were  quick  and  clever. 

160  You  boys,  ought  while  young  to  fulfil  your  part. 


182 


156 


155 


il  Ml  R 


154  153 

Bayii         3^   Yuuif 

/  O  /  (0 


Young' 


(/.'0>l 


Sliarp 


Jt^ 


chut 


bart 


.^,.,Ji-*     Leiirn 


soo-e 


er((.'iv( 


Year      /|1^ 


soo-e 


Yeiir 


^ 

i© 


dawng 


Ought 


ijun 
Man 


Able 


.,^5^Vv.lniitate    -^--jT^Enritl.'     i^li'^Epigram       >'0^ 


Abli." 


won 


Recite 


158    Y'uNG  at  eight  yeais  of  age,  could  compose  poetry. 
15-i    Bay  at  seven  years  of  age,  wrote  an  epigram  on  Kaij. 

155  These  youths  were  quick  of  appiehensioii ,  the  people  declared  them 

to  be  prodigies. 

156  You  young  learners  ought  to  imitate  them. 


131 


152 


151 


150 


149 


xje 


You 


see-oo 


Small 


sarn 


Bor 


K-^^-    He         """^  -^     Reply .     X  Then 


mam 


Late 


M 


K 


Com- 
plete 


X 


%  ' 


i 


Should 


lup 

Esta- 
blish 


gee 


^ 


chung 


Crowd 


m. 


\     chun 


die 

J'A/^ung 

Great 

ung.' 

ton 
Hall 

^J^x^    Ho/ 

»-  ^^  -^luten- 
/  V\>      tion 


Entitle, 


ye 


'^  Strange, 


hoi-e 


First 


dough 


Many 


see 


hart 


-Y 


sup 
10 

ye 
2 


149  Then  there  was  Layung-ho,  who  at  the  age  of  82, 

150  Made   his  replies  in   the  Great   Hull,   and   came   out   first   among 

many  scholars. 

151  When  thus  he  had  succeeded,  the  populace  pronounced  him  a  prodigy. 

152  You  little  boys,  should  make  up  your  minds  to  work. 


130 


148 


i/e 


You 


AfL '"'  ^h  '':\  %^ 


Small        ^  ^^"^Already        V>^ 


^^J—i*     Born        y/Vi^ 


io 


Old 


'j: 


Begin  i 

fart 
Emit 

fun 
Energy 


so 


So 


lo 


Lo 


/ifen 


2/fi 


Ought 


ijow 

Espec- 
ially 


I        Early         *      V  " 


foo-e 
Repent 

chee 
Late 


Read 


shii 


Book 


"^«vt»       chick 


Record 


ye 
2 

sup 
10 

f/lMt 


145  So-Lo-Chees  at  the  age  of  twenty  seven , 

146  At  length   began    to  show   his  energy,   and  devote  himself  to  the 

study  of  books. 

147  Then  when  already  past  the  age,  he  deeply  regretted  the  delay. 

148  You  little  boys,  should  take  thought  betimes. 


129 


144 


143 


t 


sun 


Bodv 


soo-e  I 


Although 


^ 


lore 


Toil 


■^ 


yow 
Still 

foo 
Bitter 

hawk 
Learn 


141  Then  we  have  one  who  put  fireflies  in  a  bag,  and  another  who  used 

the  white  glare  from  snow,  (because  too  poor  to  pay  for  candles); 

142  Although  their  families  were  poor,  these  men  studied  unceasingly. 

143  Again  there  was  one  who  carried   fuel,  and  one  who  used  hoi-ns 

as  pegs.  * 

144  Although   they  toiled  with    their   bodies,   they  were   nevertheless 

remarkable  for  their  studies. 

*)  i.  e. ,  "while  riding   liis   huflfalo  afield,  read  from  one  book  and  hung  the  others  on  the 
buffalo's  horns '. 


128 


140 


18!l 


IHS 


137 


liaij 


hut 


Not 


tow 


Head 


hiin 


>^r*    Hang     ""rVyv 


fc^vx^ 


^^:;  ^ 


-^     >; 

"TVV-V       Not        i 


If^ 


lay-itng 
Ik'aiii 


s/i« 


Hook 


^ 


bay 

<  )i)('n 

/'" 
Kush 

pin 

Plait 


'^W        Self      ^^  I  Awl      —  Yet.  "•  '^     S.Ti 

fe/^Diligen.    '^I     J     I'i-'*k       X   *  Know  '    >J 

-*-^^    Bitter  yp7      Thigh    j^Afj 


rape 


chook 


Bamboo 


mean 


Ert'oi-t 


^Vf  I       Tal.let 


1S7   One  opened  out  rushes,  and  plaited  them  together;  another  scraped 
tablets  of  bamboo;  [to  make  writing  tablets]. 

138  These  men   had  no  books,  but  they  knew  how  to  make  an  eifort. 

139  One  tied  his  head  to  the  beam  above  him,  another  pricked  his  thigh 

with  an  awl  [to  keep  themselves  awake  while  studying] ; 
14U   They  were  not  taught,  but  toiled  hard  of  their  own  accord. 


127 


136 


# 


bay 
He 


^•± 


^Official 


"w-*"  Moi 


Learn 


chay 


ml 

,^f^^D  i  1  i  gen  t 


dook 


Read 


\\X^oy-ung 

\  'P'y  Xotwith 
standing 


^f, 


«o 


Lo 


vrfi^ 


Dis- 

conrse 


kun 


Diligent 


liawk  Jj 


Study 


Teacher 


wng\ 


awuerf  3 


tork 


Tork 


133  Of  old,  Chung  Nigh  (Confucius)  took  Hawng  Tork  for  his  teacher; 

134  The  inspired  men  and  sages  of  old,  studied  diligently  nevertheless. 

135  Chee-oo,  President  of  the  Council  studied  the  Lo  text  of  the  Lun; 

136  He  when  already  an  official,  studied  and  moreover  vi^ith  diligence. 


126 


132 


IW 


129 


cIli'-OO 


Mor- 
ning 


If 


At 


History 


J' 


ill  ick 


Evcnin"; 


^ 
# 


ye 


At 


This       |l» 


129  Ye  who  read  history,  must  study  the  State  Annals, 

130  Whereby    you    will    understand   ancient   and    modern    events,    as 

though  having  seen  them  with  your  own  eye. 

131  Recite  tliera  with  the  mouth,  and  ponder  them  in  your  hearts; 

132  Do  this  in  the  morning,  do  this  in  the  evening. 


125 


y§    V*  Govern 


sup 


10 


hart 


125 


^^ 


Con- 
fusion 


^t? 


clieen 

Trans- 
mit 


yeem 
Fiery 

soong 
Sooug 

hun 
Rise 


gee 


now 


^ 


chiln 


All 


st? 


narm   l' 
Bouth 


,1^ 


J^     hun         -'^T       c''«-^  i    Jt  k  '""         I 

">       Rise    \         \^^      Are      ^  ^-*      North  y' 


.^f^^  Decay  I     ^J^ 


sOt^ 


Receive 


chow 


Chow 


fifee 


Here 


"»1^ 

m 


quone 


Blend 


seen 

Resig- 
nation 


125  Then  the  fire-led  House  of  Soong  arose,  and  received  the  resigna- 

tion of  the  House  op  Chow  ; 

126  Eighteen    times   the    throne   was   transmitted,  and  the  North  and 

South  were  re-united. 

127  The  Seventeen  Dynastic  Histories  are  all  included  in  the  above; 

128  They  contain  examples  of  good  and  bad  government,  whence  may 

be  learnt,  the  principles  of  prosperity  and  decay. 

15 


124 


124 


123 


122 


^pP  lay-ung        ^*J^ 


▼   '  'I   Entitle' 

4\ 


121 


doi-e 
nasty 


/>^^       chun 
^1       Chun 


'il^ 


sfwy 


All 


^ 


cwp 


Keach 


Lay-ung 


met 

Extin- 
aruish 


Sree 


It 


n 


I J      Have      ^y^      Hun  ^ 


quork 


Nation 


nigh 


Then 


4 


ye 

2 

aup 
10 

c/itn 


sarm 


W  ^       (/ou>  I         ^T^l      chow     ■^%J.^  ^°' 

•^r     Cause       y      J    Chow     ^C^'^V-Change 


hart 


100 


cho-e 


Year 


121  Twenty  times  the  throne  was  transmitted  in  a  period  of  300  years; 

122  The  Lay-UNO  State  destroyed  it,  and  the  dynastic  title  was  changed. 

123  The  Lay-ung,  the  Twang,  the  Chun,  the  Hun,  and  the  Cnow, 

124  Are  called    the    Five   Dynasties,   and  there  was  a  reason  for  the 

establishment  of  each. 


123 


120 


n 


Remove 


cho-e 


Cho-e 


Conf'u 
sion 


1 1  ehawng 


^ 


Esta- 
blish 


quork 


Nation 


Earth 


~  tion 


117    At  length   under  the  Cho-e  Dynasty,  the  empire  was  united  under 

one  ruler ; 
US    The  throne  was  not  transmitted  twice,  succession  to  power  being  lost. 

119  The  first  Emperor  of  the  Tawng  Dynasty,  raised  volunteer  troops; 

120  He  put  an  end  to  the  disorder  of  the  House  of  Cho-e  and  established 

the  foundations  of  his  line. 


122 


116 


;D 


lie 


Ye 


Mini 


vhow 


( 'how 


^ 


ye 


Wirh 


Divide  '       Capital         >* 


Ao 


Ko 


'^    4         Cheyel 


▼  East    ^^^  Kum  '     J 


lay-wig 
Lay-ung 

chun 
Chun 


^ 


/m« 


Lun 


sun 


Receive 


113  Then  followed  the  Soong,  and  the  Chey  Dynasties  and  after  them 

the  Layung  and  Chun  Dynasties  ; 

114  These  are  the  Southern  Dynasties  with  their  capital  at  Kum  Lun. 

115  The  Northern    Dynasties    are    the   Nguy    Dynasties  of  the    Yin 

family,  which  split  into  Eastern  and  Western  Dynasty; 

116  The  Chow  Dynasty  of  the  Ye  Mun  family,  and  the  Cheye  Dynasty 

of  the  Ko  family. 


121 


ho 


Name 


sarm 


Three 


quork 

King- 
dom 


'7 


nguy\ 


Nguy 


chook 


Chook 


110 


109 


,5*-r-C*^        see         V 1^  guorng 


Quorng 


^^ 


\ 


35 


ngfot 


•  Reach 


lay-ung 


Two 


^ 


Um 


^ 

^ 


charn 


00 


chung 


Fight!   *        >  End 


4^^Mo 


X 


1^ 


^        chun 
Chun 


lly^     Hiin  >/V  >k       With  >^^- 


9 


iTii 


dun 


Tripod 


Make 


dung 


East 


kiln 


Hiin 


109  Then  Quorng  Mo  arose,  and  founded  the  Eastern  Hun  Dynasty; 

110  It  lasted  400  years,  and  ended  with  the  Emperor  Heen; 

111  Nguy,  Chook  and  Um,  fought  for  the  sovereignty  of  the  Huns; 

112  They   were  called  the  Three  Emperors,  and  existed  until  the  Two 

Chun  Dynasties. 


120 


108 


107 


106 


105 


J- 


Arrive 


how 


How 


cliin 


*  I  Transmit      tKuV  i 


^ 


yun 


Yun 


chun 


Chun 


I         Pun         -^^r^y^    Rise  ^^         Sigh      ^  Vj 


Waung 


mauny 


ung 


sarn 


;^' 


surp 


Family 


chaw 


Chaw 


■^^  ^        c/iee 
^^y^  Begin 


/lom         y^  'fcen 

Horn       ijl^   Together 

^A^         chani]     ^^  bun 


Contend 


n 


Unite 


105  Then   the  House  of  Chun  descended  from  the  Yun  family,  finally 

united  all  the  states  under  one  sway. 

106  The    throne    was    transsmitted    to    Ye  Sigh,  upon  wliich  arose  the 

strutigles  between  the  Chaw  and  Horn  states. 

107  Then  Ko  Cho  arose,  and  the  House  of  Hun  was  established. 

108  When  we  come  to  the  reign  of  How  Pun,  Waung  Maung  usurped 

the  throne. 


119 


104  103  I  102  101 

JuZ^Five;       y^X^Begin     '^.^^ident      /^,|^^^( 


5 


bar 
Chief 

kail -ung 
Strong 


Jc 


chut 


Seven 


chut 

Come- 
forth 


chun 


pring 


I    —     korn 
I  Spear 


■^L    1       chow  ^^ 

tumn  ^ 


Quore 


Shield; 


yv    jfL    chung  \ 
*         >         End! 


^  cheen   •        ^--iT*'^- 2^"''' 
Vib'ight,       '         ▼  Travel! 


Esteem 


ight 

quork 
State 


oun- 
sel 


Jhow 


cheat 


Cart- 
rut 


>^^^"  East 


^1^      waung 


Prince 


kaung 


Bond 


chew-e 


Sink 


101  When    the  Chows    made    tracks    eastward,    the   feudal   bond    was 

slackened. 

102  The  arbitrament  of  spears  and   shields   prevailed,   and   peripatetic 

politicians  wei'e  held  in  high  esteem. 

103  This   period   began  with  the  Spring  and  Autumn  epoch,  and  ended 

with  that  of  the  Waeeing  States. 

104  Next   the   Five  Chieftains   domineered,   and   the   Seven   Martial 

States  came  to  the  front. 


118 


100 


99 


98 


97 


hart 


tdwng 


Tiiwng 


I 


hart 


100 


cho-e 


Year 


f+l     rlinw 

/  J    t'hnw 

,^^^Mo   I  Pi  Hundred:         '  ^^ 


I'aung 


Kiiii,'' 


dio-e 


Years 


fnrt 
Fell 

liar 
Har 


)py     r/io-e 
^.^  chay-ung 


^^^T^Begiii        _  a  Arrive       l^--^ 


c/i« 


Sh.N 


quork 


State 


ho 


ame 


Wasting        ^"CT,,  I        "uTDisap- 

#  »  pear 


^  ^     say-iing 


S;iv-uug 


97  Tawkg  (the  completer)  destroyed  the  Har  dynasty,  and  the  dynastic 

title  became  Say-ung. 

98  The  line  lasted  for  HOG  years,  ending  with  Chow. 

99  King  Mo  of  the  Chow  dynasty,  finally  slew  Chow. 

100   His  own  line  lasted  800  years,  the  longest  dynasty  of  all. 


117 


93 


chow 


Chow 


raun 


mo 


chun 


Entitle 


waung 


Ruler 


^ 

^ 


har 


Har 


yow 


Have 


.ve 


Ye 


__         *say-ung 
tJ  I  Say-ung 


^ 


J/OU) 


Have 


(aitrnji   » 


awugl  (B 


93  The  Har  dynasty  had  Ye,  the  Say-ung  dynasty  had  Tawng. 

94  The  Chow  dynasty  had  Mun  and  Mo ;  these  are  called  the  Three  Kings. 

95  Under  the  Har  dynasty,  the  throne  was  transmitted  from  father  to 

son,  making  a  family  possession  of  the  empire. 

96  After   four    hundred    years,    the  inipei-ial   sacrifice   passed   from  tlie 

House  op  Har. 


Ufi 


92 


91 


90 


89 


tawng\ 


iiwDijIg 


^^   Yi     1     -^     Yow         ,^^ 


/lO 


Name 


\iiilid 


raw 


7:^ 


ye 


i 


Tliree 


watoi^ 


Ruler 


chun 


Entitle: 


sun 

Pntsper- 
ous 


ho 


Name 


*•"  ♦         koo-e  •^^ 

/^t     A.bide      ^3^-^ 


firee 


Arrive 


ye 


Tw. 


_h 


say-ung 


Tor 


^ 
-^ 


waung  <. 


ik 


gee 


Govern 


Rule,  nST'-^r   y  K"'"' 


89  From  Hay  and  Nung  on  to  the  Yellow  Emperor. 

90  These  are  called  the  Three  Rulers,  who  lived  in  the  early  ages. 

91  Tawng  and  Y'ow  Y'e  are  called  the  Two  Emperors. 

92  They  abdicated  one  after  the  other,  and  their's  was  the  GOLDEN  AGE. 


115 


87 


86 


85 


Examine        ^  >\jT^r' 


hin 


assic 


^^^^     mun\  '•^^ 

^A^Mun    3      Jim 

I  (A* 

I  I  I  ^ 

I  I  Cil 

\_     -^otiQi-g-  i     Philoso-|  I      Chungl  ^         ^  J 

tion     [  ^         pher    j  f  [3  '^f       1 


^ 


high 


y   I  ■'Connect; 


tung 
Pierce 


ung 


Fh 


gee 


gee    ^ 


M 


gee 


Kuow 


■%  if    dook 
^ Jpl   Rea.l 


^        Gee 


JL 


Philoso- 
pher 


diay 
One 


chiing 


gee 


All 


^     \      chee  ■  see 


■k 


lo 


Lo 


85  The  five  chief  philosophers  are  Sun,  Yea-ung. 

86  MuNG  Chung  Gee,  Lo  and  Chawng. 

87  When    the   Classics  and  the  Philosophers  are  mastered ,  the  various 

Histories  should  be  read. 

88  The   genealogical    connections   should  be  examined,    so  that  the  end 

of  one  dynasty,  and  the  beginning  of  the  next  may  be  known. 


I II 

S4  s;!  S2  SI 


IImvc    '^^  Tl 


^ 


kiiil 

The 

1 

¥/\^   When 

^ 

IlillV 

Chaw 

yon 
Want 

y   >i      Clear 

A.. 

see 
amily 

Kt'conl 

cliay 
One 


kay 
lecord 


Have 


Thf 


Affair 


81  The  3  commentaries  on  the  above,  include  that  of  Kung-Yea-ung. 

82  We  have  that  of  Chaw  family,  and  that  of  Cook-Lay-ung. 

83  When  the  Classics  are  understood,  then  the  writings  of  the  various 

Philosophers .  should  he  read. 
8-i    Choose  the  important  points  in  each,  and  make  a  note  of  all  the  facts 


113 


80 


79 


^\^     Dwell'      t^y 


see 


78 


77 


Poetry 


ho 


Name: 


^ 


_^>^^^ Praise      K^  l.^  When,       ^^      ^  4         |. 


CMyC^  ^^""i  ^    -^  mawng  ^  Jp  sec         S^^U 

XV^Blame  ^     Disap-;       ^  »T  Poetry /^Vj 


chun 


Spring 


^ 
^ 


yiit 
Speak 

quork 
State 

fung 
Wind 


dawng 


Ought 


e; 


i^r> 


seen 


Good 


orA; 


Bad 


>^/S^utumn     ^'J^    Hum    y^  Sm. 


ijiit 


Speak 


ngar 


Odes 


chung 

Pane- 
gyric 


77  We  speak  of  the  Quork,  of  the  Fung;  we   speak   of  the  Ngar  and 

of  the  Ghawng. 

78  These  are  4  sections  ot  the  5oo/i'  o/"  Poetry,  which  should  be  hummed 

over  and  over. 

79  When  Odes  ceased  to  be  made ,  the  Spring  and  Autumn  Annals  were 

produced. 

80  These  Annals,  contain   praise  and  blame,  and  distinguish  the  good 

from  the  bad. 


112 


76 


75 


74 


73 


sut 

To  tmns- 
niit 


A 


die  \ 
Big 


Holv 


) 


look 


Littl 


'^    3 


y^ 


^       Word 


die 


Die 


^t 


* 


^ 


<iane       ^    "^ 


Code 


ngaw 


My 


kay 

.Queen's 
Name 


kung 
Duke 


Polite 
cere- 
monies I 


ngavuk 


Music 


5ft' 


gee 

0  illus-; 

trate 


?(•« 


*  >p       serve  f 


chork 


Make 


Polite 
cere- 


monies 


>^     6a,      ^p    kay 

I    m  Prepare       >g^[^cord 


'^  /  gee 

Y    V-*     Govern 


chow 

Name 

of 
kingdom 


IS 


J^ 


«1  ^^ 

BodyyjjgL 


lie 

Polite 
cere- 
monies 


73  Our  ruler  Kay,  drew  up  the  Ritual  of  the  Chow  Bynastii. 

74  He  set  forth  the  duties  of  the  six  classes  of  officials,  and  thus  gave 

a  settled  form  to  the  government. 

75  The  elder  and  the  younger   Die,    wrote    commentaries  on  the  Book 

of  Rites. 

76  They  transmitted  the  Holy   Words  ^  and  Ceremonies  and  Mvsic  were 

set  in  order. 


Ill 


72 


71 


70 


69 


^      Have     '  4   Have  i    '  ^   Have ,    *  "• 


>^^       Swear 


•4"; 


mun 


Com- 
mand 
(order) 


'*y^\      Code     / 


!oiinsel 


chow 

Name  of 
Kingdom 


yick 

Diagram 
(change) 


you) 


Have 


lean 


Chain 


s/lM 


Book 


gee 


Of 


:t 


yaw 


Have 


sarm 


W' 


fun 

Instruc- 
tion 

ko  I 

Infor- 
mation 


yick 

Diagram 
(change) 


0. 


Mountain 


^ 


yow 


Have 


^f        queye 


Kefuge 


y^chay-ung      J^V       chawng 
\::?-T^Explain  '^BV  Hide 


69  Here  is  the  Lean  Sam,  system,  there  is  the  Queye  Ghaiong. 

70  And    there  is  the  system  of  the  Changes  of  the  Chow  Dynasty,  such 

are  tiie  three  systems  which  elucidate  the  changes. 

71  There   are    tlie  Regulations,   and  Counsels,  the  Instruclions ,  Announ- 

cements. 

72  The   Oaths,    the  Charges,    these  are  the  profundities  of  the  Book  of 

History. 


no 


67 


66 


65 


>►  ^ 


M 


ho 

V-A\ 

look 
Six 

kun  I 
Classic 


V*  M       Poetry  -^^  Follow,^^       I 


s/iii 


I5ook 


ykk 


Diagram 


y  > 


how 
Piety 

kun 
Classic 


>^*,jL-»    Classic ''^^^.i^,-    "iider 


Nppy      Should  '" 


lie 

Polite 
rites 


^^ 


rough 
iider- 
staud 
or  pierce 


chee 


Begin 


7C 


see 


Four 


chun 


Spring 


J  May        t;^ 


shit 
May        ^^  Book 


^  I*  kow      ^*^   I  c/iow   __^»''3^         duck    ^fj^%^ 


sook 

Well  done 
i.  e. 
cooked 


6o    When  the  Classic  of  Filial   Piety  is   mastered,  and  the  Four  Books 
are  known  by  heart. 

66  The  next  step  is  to  the  Six  Classics,  which  may  now  be  studied. 

67  The  Books  of  Poetry,  of  History,  and  of  Changes,  the  Rites  of  the  Chow 

Dynasty,  the  Book  of  Rites,  and  tiie  Spring  and  Autumn  Annals. 

68  Are  called  the  Six  Classics,  which  should  be  carefully  explained  and 

analyzed. 


109 


64 


^ 


gee 


Prom 


63 


^t 


chalk 


To  make 


62 


61 


(•"■  chung     >^|      i"*   chalk 

1         Middle  I 

(book))  To  write 


# 


S^ee 


Arrive 


# 

^L. 


^ 


nigh 


That 


Middle 


(/wng 


Course 


chun 


CInm 


yung 

Course 
(book)| 


;^ 


nigh 


That 


J    Philo- 
^^    sop  her 


-^^  Chang.:      I^X^ 


61  Chung  Yung  was  written  by  Kung  Cup. 

62  Chung  (the  middle)  being  that  which  does  not  lean  towai'ds  any  side, 

Yung  (the  course)  being  that  which  cannot  be  changed. 

63  He  who  wrote  the  Great  Learning  was  the  philosopher  Chun. 

64  Beginning  with    the  cultivation  of  the  individual,   and   ordering  of 

the   family   it   goes  on   to   government  of  one's   own  state,  and 
tranquilization  of  the  empire. 

14 


1U8 


59 


kaung 


Kxplain 


dough  J^  ^        gee 

^^^        Student 

Way         ^    (or)phil.)- 
^*  gopher 


X  ^«Kxempli-  ^rS^ 

^J\^fication    /gl 


ijuone 


Group 


die 


Youth 


j/ee 


1^ 

One  I        Student 


57 


^p9 


hin 

Conver- 
sation. 


zye 


^pf  y^Sentence 


^: 


swt 


pound. 


!/un 


Charity 


ye 


Duty 


chitt 
Seven 

pin 
Pages 

gee 
Stop 


iLj< 


emem- 
ber 


^ 


/a?/ 


One 


X^ 


Virtuous 


ytn 
Words 


-Y 


ye 
Twol 

10 


to 


57  Here  is  L?<«  Zi/e,  in  twenty  sections; 

58  In  this  the  vaiious  disciples  have  recorded  the  wise  sayings  of  Con- 

fucius. 

59  The  works  of  Mencius,  are  comprised  in  seven  sections. 

60  These     explain    the    WAY,    and    ths   exemplifications   thereof  and 

expound  Charity,  and  Uuty  to  one's  neighbor. 


56 


^ 


55 

yow 

A 

y 

From 

^ 

To  be 

how 

f 

hawk 

Piety 

Learn 

kun 

M- 

jay 

lassies 

-^ 

One 

53 


m 


ay-ung 


Explain! 


fun 


Teach 


kwoo 


^X^ Instruct        jtt^    To 


farn 


All 


/■yn 


Teach 


loong 


guorant 

or)  little 

boys 


X 

^ 


Reach 


^ 


Four 


shii 


Book 


Search 


53  In   the  education    of  the  young,    there   should   be  explanation  and 

elucidation. 

54  Careful   teaching  of  the  interpi'etations  of  the  commentators,    and 

due  attention  to  paragraphs  and  sentences. 

55  Those  who  are  learners  must  have  a  beginning. 

56  From  the  study  of  Piety  Classics,  they  proceed  to  the  Four  Books. 


lOfi 
52  I  51  I  50  49 

foo 
This        /    ""  Priuic  -^      ^"^^irother     ^  ~     Father 


^-1  -  chee  ^'^X-7  quonel     ,^r^  ^\^ 

yLJ  ^       yfi  Elder  ys^ 

'^      ^""^This  X    •^  Prime  ^     ^-^.rother  ^       ^ 

I  Ten  /\     I  Rule       >^^     I     Rule  I 


Sree 
Son 


'""'  _.<r^  ?/un 


Associ-        J^y,  Kindness 
ate 


^      ^   Man        fl*  Minister     ^^^Vounger  ^/\e 


foo 
Husband 


brother 

foo 


ff\  wl  H'j    1  J']    al   -^f 


Wife 


^P^         (oongf  m  choong         -    %         koong         .       ^        choong 

49  Aflfection    between    father    and    child,    harmony    between    husband 

and  wife. 

50  Friendliness  on  the  part  of  elder  brothers,  respectfulness  on  the  part 

of  younger  brothers. 

51  Respect  on  the  part  of  the  sovereign ,  loyalty  on  the  part  of  subject. 

52  These  ten  obligations,  are  common  to  all  men. 


105 


45 


One's 
own  self 


^0J     father's 


2/e 


And 


^W^ 


father 
father 

chun 


Grand 
^f^%  father's 
1^  father 


gee 


Son 


M 


p 

Father's 
father 


gee 


Son 


ye 


A 


X 


XtT)  And  y1T7 


foo 
Father 

ye 
And 


Great 

great; 
grand  son 


Grand 
child 


t 


One's 
own  self 


45  Great    great    grandfather,    great    grandfather,    grandfather,    father 

and  self; 

46  Self  and  son ,  son  and  grandson. 

47  From   son   and   grandson   on    to   great  grandson  and   to  great  great 

grandson ; 

48  These  are  nine  generations,  and  constitute  the  relationship  of  man. 


104 


44 


43 


42 


41 


^.M 


Gi 


^ 


»*i  I  '^     Silk 


i 


poiii 


Gom 


toe 


Eartli 


Love 


vwoo 


Hate 


^ 


«/u« 


Say 


^t 


chtick 


got 


Skin 


Desirei 


/  >W        Then  /J    ^^Wooa      /    -^ 


--*-S^  Joy 

>^  -_,     Anger 


hart 


Eight 


;5  "^'Jt 

y\^     Stone    --"^.^ 


>u'g/i 


Then 


c/lMt 


Seven 


yut 


Say 


01 


CT      Sounds/  ^l7^  Gold       I   Q    Passions  ^^  |  — 


Sorrow 


lark 


Delight 


41  We  speak  of  joy,  of  anger,  we  speak  of  sorrow,  of  delight; 

42  Of  love,  of  hate  and  of  desire,  these  are  the  seven  passions. 

43  The  gourd,  earthenware,  skin,  wood,  stone,  and  metal; 

44  Silk,  and   bamboo,   yield   the  eight  musical  sounds,  [i.e.,  the  gourd 

furnishes  such  musical  instruments  as  the  mouth  organ  —  the 
earth ,  the  ocarina  —  the  skin ,  the  drum  —  wood ,  the  castanet  — 
stone,  the  hanging  musical  stone  —  metal,  the  gong  —  silk,  the 
guitar  --  and  bamboo,  the  flute]. 


103 


40 


39 


38 


37 


i^b 


chee 


The 


look 

'>AN     Six 


Horse 


ngow 

Cow 
(or)  ox 


^ ::  M 


f    dough 


^    > 


c.hook 


^i     Beasts     _-^P** 

>5r      n^ 


ijea-ung 


This 

look 
Six 

cook 


Rice 


lay-ung 


Spiked 
millet. 


kwoo 


\ 


'(/un 


Man 


saw 


fc/g/i 


hickeni 


/ 


yun 


Man 


#- 


warf 


What 


gee 


Feed 


TJ  /itin  I       ^  ^  saw  l^mm  ^^^ 

see  V  sicfc  j       ^  ^^        c/u/c 


37  Rice,  spiked  millet,  pulse,  wheat,  glutinous  millet,  common  millet; 

38  These  six  grains,  are  those  which  men  eat. 

39  The  horse,  the  cow,  the  sheep,  the  fowl,  the  dog,  the  pig; 

40  These  six  beasts,  are  those  which  men  keep. 


36 


35 


34 


33 


^    ^"^   riiis  '        Say      V^  *— ^   This  •'^^ 

I  I 

— r'-^    Fiv,.      ^p-^Hy"(or)    „JZL    Five    Jx  P^***^' 


//uf 


Say 


t 


xay-ung 

Virtues 
(or)  con- 
stant 


,Huiiia- 
lity  (or) 
hilarity 

.'/'■ 

Lcliteous- 
ifss  (or) 
luty 


Jiarn 


Elements 


Vater 

fore 
Fire 


#  ^'or  |JJL»ess  (or) '^  ^  Ori-iu -^    4     ^^' 

[iropriety 

bo  % 


M' 


outaiu 


lun 

Confus- 

n  (or) 
tangle 


Wisdom  I 


ood 


gum 


^  son  -  so  I 

I    •^ness(or)     \^?>J      Number         ""^^ 
I     ^    truth      -[^J^V.  I     ^*   ^ 


Gold 


toe 


Earth 


33  We  speak  of  water ,  fire ,  wood ,  metal ,  and  earth  ; 

34  These  five  elements,  have  their  origin  in  number. 

35  We   speak    of  charity,   and   duty;    of  propriety,    of  wisdom,    and 

of  truth; 

36  These  five  virtues  are  not  easily  confused  (or  admit  of  no  compromise). 


101 


32 


31 


30 


29 


see  ^_         /arw  see  w^^ 

^^-^     Pour        r3p/    South       V-^       Four       yS^f 

y5^«^"-'     i^J^t"""'    >(|pS:: 


yut 
Say 

Spring 


k\Xi 


yun 


Fulfil 


e? 


^m£ 


Say 


won 

Circle 
or)  re- 
volve 


e? 


yut 


Say 


voive 

^^  foo  sigh  _         but  ^  \  ^'*'*"^ 

"*|  To  \L^      Weal     ^^  ^       Not     yT^^CAutumn 

! 

tchoong  -m^  doong 

Middle         \J^         East 


koong 

Ending 

(or)    J 

exhaust 


doong 


\A\^    Winter 


29  We  speak  of  Spring  and  Summer ,  we  speak  of  Autumn  and  Winter; 

30  These  four  seasons,  are  circle  not  ending,  (or  revolve  without  ceasing). 

31  We  speak  of  the  youth  and  North,  we  speak  of  the  East  and  West, 

32  These  four  segments,   fulfil  the  requirements  of  the    centre    [i.  e. 

occupy  fixed  positions,  as  regards  any  given  centre.] 


1 1  Ml 


28 


27 


26 


>  >  foo 


■f 


l':itlier 


gee 


Son 


chun 


sarm 


Three 


kaung 


Law 


jay 


One's 


sarm' 


Mrce 


^  quomg\  ^^ 


lusband        XV^jf 


quone 


Kin" 


a 


Xll'^ObeTor         I 
III  |iIli;irmonv      ^Uft 

r\7\     ,"^!--' 


yare 

Benevo- 
lence    ^^ 


yot 

Sun 

yut 
Moon 

sun 

Star 


sarrn 


Three 


cho-e 


Powers 


jay 


One's 


tane 
eaveu 

day 

Earth 

yun 
Man 


25  The  Three  Forces  are,  Heaven,  Earth,  and  Man; 

26  The  Three  Luminaries,  Sun,  Moon,  and  Star. 

27  The  Three  Bonds ,  are  (1)  The  obligation  between  sovereign  and  subject ; 

28  (2)  The  love  between  father  and  child; 

(3)  The  harmony  between  husband  and  wife. 


99 


24 


bart 


100 


ye 


And 


23 


24^ 


21 


yot 
One 


-^^ 


t'/V     And      '*'7X^ 


(jee 
Know 

mott' 

Whatj 
ertain) 


sow 

P'  or 
(head) 


/lOtt)  \ 


Pictv 


! 


I       1000  I 


sup 


Ten 


Mathe- 
matics 


k  ^       die  I 
'^    I    brother  J 


I        1000  I  I  10       ^W^ 


Know 


mam' 


10.000 


barf 

1^  y^ 


What 
ertain) 

mun 
Name 


chee 


•Jud 


kin 


See 


Hear 


21  Begin  with  filial  piety,  then  see  and  hear; 

22  Learn  to  count,  learn  to  read; 

23  Units  and  tens,  tens  and  hundreds, 

24  Hundreds  and  thousands,  thousands  and  tens  of  thousands. 


ftS 


20 


19 


IS 


17 


'V^     Towards  Four  j^J  \  Tn    y      ^^     Ni 


Hay-    3 

"UK    13 


■"^T^^^    Didrr     /'1|V         Years ''^^/Tir'^'i-OMts 


,'0M) 


ne 


/WH 


Year 


,'/'-' 


Should 


nu7i 


Could 


M- 


Srt  it' 


That 


At 


U 


^.tt 


Ik'for 


gee 


Know 


^        Should  l/jC^ 


^L  ^f  ri 


nun 


Can 


won 


Warm 


chick 


Mat 


17  Chatung  when  nine  year  old,  could  warm  (liirf  parents')  bed; 

18  Piety  to  parents,  is  that  which  we  should  know. 

19  Yung  ;  when   four  years  old ,  could  forego  apricots  (for  the  sake  of 

others). 

20  To  act  as  a  younger  brother  to  an  older  brother,  one  should  know 

from  tho  beginning. 


16 


chun 


raw 
near 


15 


14 


13 


To  be 


yoke 


Gem 
(or)  Jade 


— —  j 

l^    (Teacher      >^   ^"Man        >^  ^  Not         ^^  ^ 


but 


Not 


^J^    2/oto      J  ^^       3«, 

A^      Friend     """l^Son  (or) 
X-^^fc,  ^       Child 


f 


Itiiwk 


Learn 


^^  1^^      de-oak 


*^or)  Prac-        ^  ^         At     I    ^     •  Not  * 


Study 
)r)  Prac 
tice 


^f 


vz 


\^ 


l»()lite; 


ije 


1  )("C0- 

rum 


:^v» 


6Mt 


Not 


gee 


Know 


Time 


^t 


lay 


Doctrine 


sun 


^^. 


jnished 

(or) 
become 


hay 


Vase 


13  An  uncut  gem,  cannot  become  a  useful  tiling. 

14  If  man   does   not  learn,  he  will    not   know   his   duty  (towards  his 

neighbor). 

15  He  who  is  the  son  of  a  man,  when  he  is  young, 

16  Must  draw  near  to  his  teachers  and  friends,  and  practice  polite  usages. 


m 


12 


11 


10 


^/^    Youth  ^  ("hiM.  son'^idP^^^ 


cow 


Tcilrll 


y^^       Not  ^^1"%      Not    y/\^      ^t      ^J  ^ 


yea-ung 

Riiispd 
(or)  feed 

hut 

Not 


liiiivk 
Loam    i' 


^^        Cureful 


Learn 


y^ 


isi'vore) 


Teach 


^    ilk  "1^  "  iC 

yr\^  Ol.l         'I  Not  I         Teacher-^  ^^- 

4^    V.   7/f   w, 


gee 


Arrive 


y  y^       ^    4^  aougnl 


/■oo 


Fathc 


gee 


Arrive 


quore 


Fault 


9  To  feed  without  teaching,  is  ttie  father's  fault. 

10  To  teach  without  seventy,  is  the  teachers  laziness. 

11  If  a  child  does  not  learn,  this  is  not  as  it  should  be; 

12  If  he  does  not  learn  while  young,  what  will  he  be  when  old? 


95 


3u 


cow 


each 


-t 


gee 


Son 


^1    Dow 
V-l*      yin 

Usarn 
Hills/ 


.^T       r«Mn!     ''— X^  you) 
>^V-^    Name     /^  TJ   Have 


j^All 


yze 


^^^S^0sm.  gee 

^  Son  (or) 
^       child 


^ 


stcfc 

hen  (or) 
of  yore 


hut 


Not 


hawk 


Learn 


Mencius 
(man's 
name) 


'*lu^4^  Mother 


dhun 


Broke 


Select 


r^"?!' 


teous 
duty 


^  --f  y^«-""S'  ^         faung  \        -|   ^^  c/iee  I 

'^Fiu'Spread     ''T^  ^^"^"^  ^°^)     "^nShuttle 
-^^  Vy  method         >^|    J  I 


ighbor 


chee 


1-^  To  dwell 
Jj^f^y^ov)  place 


5  The  mother  of  Mencius  selected  a  neighborhood , 

6  And    when    her    son    would   not  learn ,   she  broke  the  shuttle  from 

the  loom. 

7  Dow,  of  the  Swallow  Hills,  had  the  right  method; 

8  He  taught  five  sons,  each  of  whom  raised  the  family  reputation. 


04 


^h 


,jow      ^  /^  <jow    .  I    4kf  sun  p  yun 

r.Mch        V^^  Wrongly      J  .^C*  Nature  ^    ^V-      ^^eu 


i/ee 
Arrive 

dough        ■Sf^g         S""*'  '^^^^         '^"'*  "^ ^^      c/miu' 

ning 


ra   Valuable        I   ^^T^  Nature  }^\    Practice       I  ,^1— fc 

Vy^      Take    yJ         Then  x[   (^   Mutual  ^//C^ 


sun 


Nature 


boon 
Root 


chin  '^VA        cheen      ._  .J*  v/»n  ,^  seen 

Single    J^^^    -^love  "A/Jw        Far       "^--^fr*      Good 

1  Men  at  their  birth  are  naturally  good ; 

2  Their  natures  are  much  the  same,  their  habits  become  widely  different. 

3  If  foolisiily  there  is  no  teaching,  the  nature  will  deteriorate. 

4  The  right   way  in  teaching,  is  to  attach  the  utmost  importance  to 

thoroughness. 


THE 


SARM   CHEE  KUN 


0  R 


THREE    CHARACTER    CLASSIC. 


^ 


-5- 


sarm 


Three 


chee 


The  authors  have  thought  it  wise  to  introduce  here,  a  reproduction  of 
a  Chinese  Primer,  which  by  being  presented  in  an  interlinear  form,  will 
enable  the  student  to  grasp  the  idiom  of  the  language. 
We  have  given  the  phonetic  pronunciation  in  italics 
with  the  literal  translation  opposite  each  character. 
WANG  YING  LIN  who  lived  A.  D.  1223—1296  is 
reputed  to  be  the  author  of  this  remarkable  work. 
Professor  Giles  of  Cambridge  University  in  his  preface 
to  the  Three  Character  or  Trimetrical  Classic,  says;  — 

Word  "It  is  an  elementary  guide  to  knowledge  for  Chinese 
children   arranged   in    365   alternating   rhyming  lines 

kim  of  three  characters  to  each ,  and  containing  about  500 

^^^^^  different  characters  in  all.  Every  child  throughout  the 

v*v  ^"^         Classic  ,  ■      ,      , 

*«*^r-i»  Empire    begins    his    or   her   studies   with    this    book, 

learning   to    repeat  a  certain  amount  daily,   until  the 

whole   is  known  by  heart.    It  is  the  foundation  stone 

of  a   Chinese   education.    Its   importance  therefore  to 

foreigners   who    wish    to   study   the  book  language  of 

China   and  to  be  able  to  follow  out  Chinese  trains  of  thought,    can  hardly 

be   overestimated.    Serious   students    would    do    well    to    imitate  the  Chinese 

school    boy,    and    commit    the    whole    to    memory".    At    the  bottom  of  each 

page  will  be  found  a  smooth  rendering  of  the  English  literal  translation. 


13 


SECTION  11. 


91 


i^  qwoo       For 

j^  saw 

That 

which 

For  thine 
the  power 

is  the  kingdom, 
and  the  glory. 

pjj-  saw          That 
0  ym           Wish 

which 

^  yow 

Have 

Thy 

■^  ?/«r 

^    VMJ?/?! 

In 

Kingdom 
Power 

^  Amp 

To 

^    l'lOO»i 

Glory 

iH:  «y« 

Generation 

For  ever, 

and  ever,  amen. 

P^  are 

Hi  ^'S*^' 

Generation 

•^  A«>A 

All 

Ameu 

t 

P^  7narn 

till  2/-e 

Is 

•j-  =  phonetic. 

THE  LORD'S  PRAYER. 


our  trespasses,  as  we 

on  earth  as  it  is  in  heaven. 

Our  father 

in  heaven. 

forgive    those  who  trespass 
against  us. 

^  jo-c 
itfa  (lay 

Ou 
Earth 

Our 
Father 

j^  cow 

Ask                1 

^  yia-ork 

As 

^  jo-e 

In 

"^  mean 

Forgive 

^  taiie 

Heaven 

^  tane 

Heaven 

^  »i;aw 

Us 

— 

— 

M  foo 

Disregard 

Give  ns  this  day  our 
daily  bread. 

Hallowed  be  thy  name. 
^  yzin         Wish 

JWt  saio 

That  which 

^  y-^*^ 

Thy 

And  lead 

as  not  into 

•-'VJ     1/ 

temptation. 

^D    ^"""^ 

Need 

i^  tnun 

Name 

^   S'«« 

Of 

^.  «?<?i 

Holy 

^J   mot 

Not 

/jg  lay -una 

Food 

#  l'"y 

Give 

— 

Thy  kingdom  come. 

^  iigaio 

Us 

-^  A-i<m 

This 

IM^-^^ 

Thy 

M ''« 

Temptations 

B  yo< 

Day 

1^   7W0?-/; 

Kingdom 

^oAee 

Give 

Thy  wil 

Descend 

Bnt  deliver 

us  from  evil. 
Deliver 

^  w^raiP 

Us 

Come 

^  ihun 

And  forgive  us 

1  be  done. 

^  ".'/(IIP 

Us 

^  ".'/aw 

We 

Ml/^« 

Thy 

Jj     .7(M< 

Out 

y^  mean 

Forgive 

,    g    c7(fie 

Will 

1  orA- 

Evil 

A  y»« 

Man 

#  dut 

Attain 

^/oo    _ 

Disregard 

^  «•"' 

Accomplish 

89 


Yes,  I  can  give  you  five  dimes. 

Wjo  Do 

^  dut  Get 


Yes 


3i^  quore 
i^  nay 


I 

Give 

5 

(cl) 

Dimes 

Little 


To 
You 


Very  good,  thank  you. 
^  ho  Good 


^  dough  Much 

^  /ar«  Trouble 

'^  jiay  You 
P^  lar 


pt[  sec 
§  /jo 

rtt  see 


4 

Dime 

9 


Ceuts 


Can  you  change  a  halt 
dollar  for  me.' 


%  nay 


You 
g^  nwn  Can 

ip.  viooon 


Change 


^p  5oo?i 
^ko 

^@  c/ieen 


Half 
(cl) 

Dollar 


^  ^Mo?'e  For 
^^  »i_(7aw  Me 
R^  mar         ? 


|1]\  har 

#  Say 


Later 

Give 
You 


How  much  do  I  owe  you? 

^V  ngaw        I 
•^  heein        Owe 
^  ?ia?/  You 


^g  ^a?/  How 

^  c?o;t^/j  j  Much 
^  «(7W7z        Money 
(^  are  ? 

Two  dollars  and  forty 
nine  cents. 

pj^  lay-tincj   Two 
(gl  //MH         Dollar 


Like  the  English,  the  Chinese  require  a  written  form  of  numerals  which  can  not  be  altered  without 
discovery,  for  State  and  business  affairs;  hence  in  Im[)erial  Proclamations,  business  communications 
etc.  the  written  numerals  are  employed  just  as  we,  in  filling  in  a  banking  cheque,  write  out  in  full 
the  amount  or  face  of  the  cheque. 

The  second  form  of  "commercial  numerals"  is  used  in  book  keeping  —  store  accounts  and  other 
transactions  requiring  rapidity  of  written  expression  —  in  fact  it  is  a  sort  of  "short  hand"  numerical  system. 

The  student  will  note  that  we  have  included  in  our  money,  weights  and  measures  classification, 
only  those  most  commonly  used. 

(v.  s.)  =  vide  supra  =  see  previous  explanations. 

t  =  phonetic. 


12 


Can  you  change  $5.00  for  me? 
j^^  nay  You 

^J^  jow 
pi  vwoon 


Can 
Change 


Jl^  quore 


Dollar 

For 
Me 

9 


No,  I  have  no  small  change. 

p5.  U7(</  Not 

afe  ««>!  Can 


I 

Not 
Have 
Miscellan- 
eous 
Money 
Change 


ngaw 
^  way 

^  yow 


^ 


sarn 


Charge  that  to  my  account, 
I  will  pay  you  later. 

IE  kay  Note 

^  lork  Down 

^  to  Book 


88 
1  foot. 


/^  (■/„'« 


Foot  (10 
inch)  =  13 
English 
inches 


1  yard. 
^B^  mar  Yartl 

10  feet. 

Ten  feet  of 


10  bushels  make  a  pecnl. 

-j-"  sup  10 

i]r   dow         Bushel 
:^  y  To  be 

— •  yot  One 

I  Pecul    or 


darm 


100  catties 


^  c/(a?/- 


"".9 


(10  inches) 


DISTANCE,  ETC. 
Mile. 

— ■  yot  One 

'  Mile 


lay 


(Chinese) 


3^  queye        Compass 


^  ko-e 


Masons 
square 


~^  fawng       Square 

[Q  yun  Round 

Oblong. 

g    yot  Sun 

^  c/iee  Letter 

-^  yea-ung    Pattern 

Oval. 

^  ngo  Goose 

^  dharn       Egg 
>j||  yea-ung    Pattern 


3  and  '/a  "lay"  are  equivalent 
to  one  mile. 


M  % 


Inn 
sarin 


3 

Miles 
And 
3 


1^  /«■(//*  Is  (are) 


^  ««■///«  West 

P^  (^iiorZ,-        Country  I  gl 


D 
05 


—  yot 

PJlt  rny 
^lo 


One 
Milef 


I  inch, 
yj"  rheen        Inch 


WEIGHTS. 


1  oance. 


—  yot       (1 

p^  lay-ung    Ounce 
One  pound. 

— -yot       1 1 

^  bawng    )  Pound 
10  pounds. 


-f-  sup        I  10 
■^  hawng    )  Pound 


o 
o 


100  pounds. 

— ■  yot  1 

■g"  tare  100 

■^  bawng      Pound 

1000  pounds. 

—  yot         1      I  - 

^  cAe«n        lOOOJ  o 
^  bawng      Pound 

10  measures  make  a  bushel. 


%y 

—  yot 

iir  dow 


10 

Measures 
To  be 
One 
Bushel 


o 
o 
o 


o 
o 
o 
o 

o 
o 


87 

§  10000.00. 

—  yot  1 
1^  mam  10  000     | 
Ul  yiin      Round 

$  1000000.00. 

—  yot  1 
"g  bart       100 
;^  rwarw  10  000     ) 
[ffl  y!7n     Round 

ORDINAL  NUM- 
BERS. 
First. 
Thesign 
|of  auor- 
I  dinal       \  P*' 
number 
One 


die 


— ■  yot 

^  die 

ZL  ye 


Second. 

(v.  s.)       I 
Two 


Third. 
^  die      (v.  s.) 
^^  ««»■?«  Three 


;^  die 


Fourth. 

(v.s.) 
Four 


)nd 


3rd 


4th 


Fifth. 
^.  HT?^     Five         I 


die 


Consists  of  5  dimes. 

^^  yow  And 

R4  key-00       Called 

^  /io  Dime 

-^  ^«e  Little 

1  Dollar. 


1 


— ■  yot  1 
-(i  Ao  (cl) 
^^  ??r;K?i         Silver  i 
^§  c/iee?(         Coin     | 
is  called  1  "Round" 


o 


tt^  key-oo 

—  yot 


And 
Called 
One     I 
Round 


o 
o 


$  10.00. 


10 

Round 


§  100.00. 


yot           1 
"g"  ftari;        100 

1  .- 

1- 

1^1  yM«      Round 

^  1000.00. 

— ■  yot           1 

Is 

^  cheen     1000 

0 
0 

[p|  ywn      Round 

10  cents. 

-j-  sup  10       ( 

iS  Ico  (cl)        ! 
Pfllj  sh, 


10 


i»4r  see   \ 


Ceuts  f 


11  cents. 


11 


11 


-f-  sup  10 

—  yot     1 
-(0  ^-^  (cl) 

"fill*'"  I 

j  Cents  f 

15  cents. 

-j-snp   lOi       1 
W.  ung  5    1         151 
1®  A-o  (cl)  j 

^  Ceuts  t 

Pi:  s^e  I 

20  cents. 

—  y«     2   /       j 
I  20 

-f-  «Mp  10  1       '20 

'0  ^0  (cl) 
Dfllj««n 
Pt  see 

50  cents. 

-f-  sup  \0\      '50J 

^  ^V'   (cl) 
Pfllj  s?n 
0±  »«« 


Cents  J 


Cents  t 


SO 

4  cents. 
|H]  see  4  i 

na  ^-c^  (cl)    \ 

.  Lents  •]• 
ii4r  *''«  I 

5  cents. 

i  ""i/  5     I  ^ 
nfili"'"!,,  ,  , 

.  Leuts  t 
ni  see 

6  cents. 
;^  /ooi-  6         j 

M  ^•'^  (cl)    \ 


ni 


Ceuts  t 


7  cents. 
■^  c/iut  7  I 
1S  ^-0  (cl)       j 

;  Cents  1 
ni  ««e 

8  cents. 

A  hart  8        j 

IB  <■»  (cl)    ( 
*••■■"  ic..,.i 

9  cents. 

:hu  gow  9       I 

-(S  ^^  (cl)       1 
Pfllj  sin 


h.-\-  chit  I   sup  70 

i+  ;«7r<  «!(p  80 

i'+  (/"w  ««/?  90 

I  "S  yot  burl  100 

I  =f  yo<  cheen  1000 

I  7yo<  j/ioni  10000 

MONEY,  ETC. 
d^P/  7((/«?i     Silver 

cheen     Coin  \ 

so  Number 


I  cent. 

— '  yot  \        I 

M  /CO  (cl)         I 

P^l^^'Hcent 
oi  see  I 

2  cents 
p^  /ay-«n£f  2  I 
M  ^o  (cl) 
Pfll|«"' 
oJr  «ee 


Cents  t 


uJr  ««« 


Cents  t 


3  cents. 

^—  sor-TTi  3       J 
1i  ^o  (cl) 
Pfllj* 


ni  see 


Cents  t 


85 


i^    chay-uck,    rather    completes    than    intensifies    the    sense  of  any  verh  with  which  it  is  used ; 
experience  and  practice  alone  can  determine  the  words  with  which  it  is  corapounded. 
Pj     haw,   may  is  used  to  express  may  (or  must  in  its  non  intensive  sense). 
Negatives   should  precede  the  verh,  and  the  auxiliary  the  adverh,  in  sentences  where  an  adverbial 
formation,  expresses  the  tense  of  the  verb;  e.  g    1H    p^  J=3.   -^  'IH^    ko-e  ung  my  rf»<J?e,  literally 
he    not   write   (sign  of  past  tense  \du(])  quickly  —  "he  can  not  lerite  quicklg".  "(S   QS.  -ftjr 

-<S:  ■J(+*    ko-c  ung  jo  clut  ho  literally  he  not  do  {sigii  of  past  tense  [c/a^]  )  good  —  "he  cannot  do  it  properly" . 


1  —  sup  yot 
I  =  sup  ye 
1  =  sup  sarm 

—  X  sup  see 
1  h'  sup  ung 
1  -^  sup  look 
I  —  sup  chut 
1  =  snp  hart 
1  a  sup  gow 

-H"     ye  sup 


4H-      sar)n  sup 


11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 


I  —  ye  sup  yot        21 


30 


1(1  —  sarin  sup  yot  31 


X+  see  sup 


40 


^    see  sup  yot      41 
Jf  +  ung  sup  50 

-^+  look  sup  60 


yick 


{  Ten 

I  thousand 

(  Hundred 
I  thousand 


^|j  gee-oo       One  million 

^  ^?«j  Ten  million 

Commercial  numerals. 


I  yot 

II  ye 

1)1  saj'?n 

if  uug 

-^  /ooA 

i  chit 


i<        (/OtO 


+     sup 


1 

2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 


LESSON  XXXIII. 


Written  numerals. 


^yot 


^  see 

to  ««P 

\^  cheen 


One 

Two 

Three 

Four 

Five 

Six 

Seven 

Eight 

Nine 

Ten 

One 
hundred 

One 
thousand 


84 


Tell  the  coolie  to  sweep. 
B4  key-oo      Call 


•^  quoon 
)g^    deem 

\^  low 
7^  ham 


Coolie 


Sweep 


Floor 


Wby  did  he  not  stop  them? 
jg  ko-e  He 


m  )0 

■^  mot 
Pg-  ung 

^  gee 
^)i  nay 


Do 
What 

Not 
Obstruct 


Them 


Formerly  they  had  quarrel. 
IB  ko-e 


■^  sin 

^  see 
W^  eye 

)^  quore 

^  gow 


They 

Formerly 

Quarrel 
Sign  of 
past  teuse 
Intercourse 


TO    i-futiitj      ) 
i 


Like 


g^  <je  Read 

.g>  »/tu  Book 

Who  told  yoQ  so;  was  it 
the  teacher? 


Pa  ""^ 


Who 

So 
Say 
You 
Know 

Is 

Master 

Not 
Is 


What  did  he  say  afterward? 
He 


fg  ko-e 
'^^  how 
^  lo-e 
^^^  deem 
gj5'  whar 
^  nay 


After 

How 

Say 

? 


«uu 


'[g  ko-e 
im  '«'" 

— •  yot 

j^  gee 
^l^  char 


Stand 

Up 

Body 


He 

Steal 
1  Sijiii    of  ' 
( past  tense  1 " 

One 

(cl) 

Fork 


Both  the  men  have  slept  there. 
^  lay-ung\ 

A  P"' 


Both 
Men 


dough 
high 
ko 
chee 


Also 
At 
That 
Place  I   3 


1-3 


HJ  fun  Sleep 

jijg  quore     { 

(past  tense 

Pg.  /ar 

He  likes  to  read  hooks. 
■fg  io-e  He 


^f  ^0K>,  to  cause,  is  often  useil  in  an  auiiliary  way  implying  to  teach,  to  shew  how  to  act,  or 
to  Itt  me  know,  e.  g.  ^£  ^  ^?f  -f^  Rf  rf»»  ngaw  gow  nay  are,  literally  let  me  shew  you  (sign 
of  period  [»re])  "let  me  thew  you". 


83 


P§-  urig  Not 

^  ^-<^<'»       \  <a 
^  J  "See 

^  nay  ? 

No,  but  I  can  see  the  moon. 

Not 


pS.  ung 
•^   dharn 


See 

But 

Is 

I 

See 


(cl) 
Moon 


What  is  that  made  of? 


1^  yea 


That 
Is 

What 
Make 


Make  bim  stand  up;  he  has 
stolen  a  fork. 

^  karm        Compel 
^g  l-o-e  Him 


Bring  either  beer  or  foreign 
wine. 


ti 


neem 


V@  chow 


Bring 
Beer 


Before  they  went  away. 

{literally  they  first  swore 

they  afterward  went  away). 


^  iDot  Or 

yS  yea-ung  j  Ocean 
V§  cAoio  )  Wine 
3J5  Zo-e  Come 

He  said  both  the  men  were  bad. 


-fg  ho-e 

^  sin 
^  see 

^  si'<7/t 
IP  2/«" 


^  ^»i 


They 
Before 

Swear 

After 


10 


jg  ko-c 
0j  w/jar 
p^  lay-ung 


He 

Say 

Two 

Also 
Is 

Bad 
Man 


IE  *■'"'"    ) 

I  Went  away 
tlH.  cJiay       ] 


It  is  made  of  good  cotton  cloth. 

Is 
Good 


Can  you  see  the  sun  now? 
j^  nay  You 

Now 


1^  f>¥^ 
j^  ho 

^H  mean 

^  bo 

"It  kay 


Cotton 

Cloth 

Make 


511  2/"« 
B#  see 

Mm  'o!o 


See 
(cl) 
Sun 


There  are  about  six  of  them. 

There 
y^  die 


^^  chee 


^fy  yea-nck 
-^  look 

jg  ko-e 


About 


They 


82 


^  quore 
^  uay 


That 


Fruit 


Not 

9 


It  smells  very  bad;  bring 
It  here. 


%  dut 
Pg-  u«^ 

^  lo-e 


Smell 


10 


<: 

Part  \  ^ 


Bad 

Taste 

Bring 
Here 


p|ij  lar 
-^  hoo-e 


^  </ooi- 


I 

Go   away 

To  study 


The  teacher  thinks  it  is  good, 
(cl) 
Teacher 

Think 

Is 

Good 

Sit  down ;  there  is  no  danger. 


m  ^•'> 

it  «'■" 

^  sani 

fj^l   iwoo 

#  /">/' 

^J/<0 

Plt  % 

When  did  they  swear  to  that? 


Whe 


1  Sit  down 

Not 

#  /">^ 

Is 

1^  /lem 

J  Danger 

4k  kay 

• 

^  sigh 


Swear 

That 

Matter 


Will  you  taste  that  fruit 
(or  not)? 

'f^  nay  You 

^  say-ung    Will 

-g-  say-img    Taste 


Throw  it  down  here. 

f^  pe<  Throw 

•^  ''"'^'  Down 

5/g  nay  This    | 

^  c/iee  Place  ) 

They  had  tied  him  up. 

jg  ko-e 


They 

Tie 

Sign   of 
past  tense 
Him 


Don't  stop  him  he  will  throw 
it  away. 


Don't 


^  Stop 


^  larn 

^  gee         I 

"(g  ko-e  Him 

'fg  io-e  He 
^  say-ung    Will 

J!^  pe<  Throw 

'fg  io-e  It 


Aw 


ay 


Good  bye ;  I  am  going  to  study. 

jj^  ho  Good    )  I 

ff  ham         Walk     ■? 


81 


Good  morning,  when  do  you 
sail? 


^g  kay 
H#  see 
^  hoi-e 


Early 
Moruiug 

You 

Wheu 

To  set  sail 


sun 


He  has  paid  the  debt,  give 
him  a  receipt. 


Returu     '-a 
Clear     )  ^ 

CD 


Coin 


"^  chun 
^  c/igen 

^^  Zia?/  Give 
^  chay-ung  (cl) 

JJX  SO'" 

'fg  A-o-e  Him 

He  has  not  yet  paid  his  rent. 

-fg  ko-c  He 

Pg-  M/i^;  Not 


Receipt 


'^  cliun 


Yet 


Give 
t 


I  Ren 


Sit  down. 

^  cAaw      I  Sit 
p|ij  /a,-         i  . 

Thanks. 

^  (Zy»£(/t    I  Many 
Hj  (7)(j)/       )  Tiianks 

Sir  or  teacher. 

-^  sm  1  Before 


sm 
sarn 


Born 


To  light  lamp. 
1^  deem      i  To  light 


(/«)(        )  Lamp 

All. 

^  f/w?/e      I  All 

^  s((/'«        '  Complete 

Can  you  steer  this  boat 
(or  not)? 


^  nay 
^^  jate, 


This 
(cl) 

Boat 


f^  7m?/  You 

P^  viuoo-e      Can 

lie  «'■« 


Steer 


Pa  ung 


vwoo-e 


Not 
Can 


To  sweep  clean. 

i^  so  Sweep 

1^  korn  Dry 

}^  (■/«(«  Clean 

Danger. 

^  ?)9M^      j  Danger 
()^  /iCfwi      )  A  precipice 

To  swear  to. 

^  sigh       1  To  swear 
0  yfin        \  Sincere 

Cotton  cloth. 

j&  mean      )  Cotton 
:fj[j  bo  )  Cloth 

About  (nearly). 

^  o/iar-  Todififer 

3^  Ziuf  Not        • 

^  (Zo«^/i         Mucli     ] 


-f^  die  j  Big 

^  yea-ork     \  About 


0  yot 


Either 

Or 

Bad 

Day  or  sun 

Mouth  or 
moon 
11 


fj^  ioio 
if  ya 

P3E  mat/ 


Steal 
Thiugs 
Sigu  of  pos- 
sessive case 
? 


80 
^  //()  Good 

Does  he  often  steal  aDything? 
jg  k-o-e  He 

^  dough     1  Ofteu 
[eJ  vtooo-e 


4^  7(<iroM; 
1^  i/«oi- 


Veal 


Pg  ung 


Sinelled 


Not 


The  Chinese  language  has  certain  auiiliar;  verbs,  a  knowledge  of  which  is  essential ;  some  of  these 
nre  ^^c  dul,  to  be  able,  can;  ^^  chay-uck,  doing  or  implying  action ;  ITO  s'njh,  to  bid  or  order;  -^ 
/uu,  to  make  or  cause ;    '/u    han,  to  give,  cause,  make  or  let. 

y^>     iea/,    must,    and    ^^   ioo-«,  necessary  (with  other  expressions  of  which  they  are  components) 
meaning  must,  ought  to,  may  be  deemed  auxiliaries;  as  may  also  several  others. 

«     hull,  to  be  willing,  to  assent  to,  is  used  to  express  the  FUTURE  TENSE  when  intention  is 
implied. 


To  stop  fto  obstruct). 

:{^^j  lam       \  To  stop 
-^  cliee       1  To  rest 

To  think. 
^,  siiy-ung    To  tliiuk 

To  guess. 
1^  kwoo        To  guess 

To  study  (aload). 

^a  dook       I  Read 
^  shii         )  Book 

To  taste  (as  food). 


say-ung    To  taste 

or 
tim  Savory 


To  pay  debts. 

3lg  icahn      I  To  return 
^g  cheen      )  Coin 

Both. 

p^  l(iy-ung]  Two 
1S  A-o  i  (cl) 

To  throw  away. 

ijl^  pet         I  To  throw 
•^  /ioo-e     )  To  go  away 


\^  pet 


To  throw 
down 


To  tie  up. 

^  hawng    |  To  tie 
j^  rhee       )  To  rest 


LESSON  XXXII. 

A  ship. 

^  i"'^ 

j(cl) 

)^    S!« 

1  Ship 

To  steer 

(a  ship  or  boat) 

^  bar  )  To   hold 

j|>k  '*e  )  Rudder 


^k  tie 


To  grasp 
Rudder 


Debt. 


y^  heem 


To  owe 

Debt 


79 


The  leaves  of  trees  are 

I  often 

?o  out  sailing. 

Pg-  ung 

Not 

sometimes  large. 

^  '"gaio 

I 

1^  /«yj 

Is 

ttt  see 

Tree 

^ho 

1 

^yeep 

Leaves 

^  dowjl 
[EJ  vwoo- 

Often 

e 

1 

He  did  s 
'fg  ko-e 

0  formerly. 

^  yoiv 

f    Ct                1  * 

He 

^ 

!  Sometimes 

H#  see 

II  sigh 

|To  go 

^  sin 

)     T^ 

^ho 

jGoodorvery 

ijlf  lay 

)  Sailing 

^  see 

>  Formerly 

■j^die 

iBig 

[Ij   chut 

Out 

^jo 

To  do 

Do  those  flowers  smell  good 

■^  lioo-e 

Go 

3j^  ^Mort' 

j  Sign    of 
'  past  time 

or 

t)ad? 

I  observe 

that  the  flowers 

pfi^-o 

j 

smell 

very  well. 

'  II — 1 

^^  deet 

Those 

^  »(/a2(; 

I 

He  is  going 

'  to  row  now. 

'VLM 

Flower 

^   /nM« 

Observe 

-fg  fe-c 

He 

5^  may 

Good 
Smell 

Pf@  Ao 
^(j  deet 

•J 

That 

Now 

Pg-  ung 

Not 

^  /«r 

Flower 

^  say-ung    Will 

^ho 

Good 

i{?/<o 

I  Very  or 

-^  Aoo-e 

Go 

Those  flowers 

smelted  good. 

(  good 

;j>^  c/jow 

)  _ 

^^  deet 

Those 

(  Fragrant  or 
(  smell 

„^                 J  To  row 

Ihfar 

Flower 

That  cabbage  smells  very 

You  have  not  yet  bought 

-- 

badly. 

the 

boat. 

^   Jiiun 

Smell 

(  Sisu    of 

pfi^o 

That 

f^  nay 

You 

^^.  dut 

)                     I 
(  past  tense 

||(j  r^fiei! 

^    »iO!/ 

\  Not 

^ho 

Good 

^^[5  yea 
^  chew-i 

Cabbage 

3      ] 

^  c/iun 

)  Yet 

But  that  veal 

smelled  badly. 

Pg.    M„g 

Not 

M  ^"3/ 

Buy 

nfI|X:o 

1  That 

i?  /'O 

Good 

fiflf  «*■« 

Boat 

^^  f/t"** 

) 

|J^  »i«y 

Smell 

MJif-are 

• 

78 


;  lieceipt 
jW,  liar II        ' 

[)l^.  (7/((»i         Tlieii 

^  wo  Not 

^  »H/uii         Money 

Has  he  ever  set  a  sail  in 
a  boat? 

-(g  ko-t'  He 

7h"  j/om  Have 


q  II  ore 


siii'in       \ 


Been 


Boat 


Hoist  sail 


Ijli  /«^ 

P§-  uHj^r  Not 

•©•  f/jMH  Yet 

Did  be  set  sail  then? 

'fg  ko-e  He 

#  /«i//.  Is 

[5^  (Vmn       ;  Then 


Sr'   sun 


Set  sail 


■e 


Will 
Now 

I  Open  up  or 
'  start 


^    //lO  ' 


Wc 


Never 


Receipt 


iiX    SOXD 

I  never  signed  my  name. 
^  «<7a«>         I 

^  c/ii'tvn        Sign 

'  past  tense 
i^  men  Name 

Tell  him  he  must  pay  the  rent. 
^J  vwhar       Tell 


^  chee 


jj^\  beat 
^  ye-oo 

^  narp 


Him 
Know 

Must 
Need 

To  pay  rent 


W^  /u,,h  At 

llfg  ko  That 

^  (■/(<•<;  Place 

Send  that  man  for  a  receipt. 

■jtn  sigh  SlmkI 

"7  That 

^  ?/itH  Man 


^  Jioo-e        (io 
tl  'o»v;  (let 

}\)L  sozo 


darn 


Receipt 


He  can't  give  a  receipt. 

fg  ko-e  He 

P§-  MH^  Not 

"f^  6a?/  (_!ive 

^  </(«<  Can 
J^  sow 


Jam 


Receipt 


When  he  gave  the  receipt 
he  had  no  money. 


He  will  not  give  a  receipt  yet. 


jg  ko-e 


He 

Start 


jg  ko-e 


He 

Not 


77 


He  does  not  often  do  so. 
He 


'[g  ko-e 
yf]  mo 
Mho 
^  dough 
[eJ   viooo-e 


Not 


Often 


[TH'  karm        So 
^  jo  To  do 

He  did  so  formerly. 
jg  ko-e  He 


^  sin 
B$  see 
p^  Aarm 


Formerly 

So 
To  do 


When  does  he  sleep  at 
that  place? 


'fg  ko-e 


He 

Wheu 


P-^  high 
j^  chee 
1^  fl'-e 


At 

That 

Place 

Sleep 
? 


1^ 

CD 


We  never  slept  there  at 
that  time. 


B#  see 


Then 


^i  ""gun 


Pay 

Money 


Sometime.s 


B#  see 

P§-  )i?i,9  Not 

'f^  Zfo?/  Pay 

We  sometimes  sail  there. 


^  ngaw 
B^  «ce 

^  f/i<;e 


We 

Sometimes 

At 
There 

Sail 


Does  he  sometimes  shave 
the  man? 


jg  ko-e 

^  yow 

H#  see 
l^l]  tie 

A  y«" 

"lew 

P^  way 


He 

Sometimes 


Shave 

That 

Man 

(Sign  of  pos- 
sessive case 
Head 

? 


To  go  sailing. 

sigh        \  To  sail 


|)ji  lay 
;d^  chaw 


[Sail 
To  sleep 
To  sit  down 


To  stand  up. 
^  kay  To  stand 

^  /ioy  Up 

^  sun  Body 

To  spoil. 
^  ju/i         1  To  make 
««/(?/        )  To  spoil 

Ip  <ow  To  steal 

To  observe. 
^  ?7i7<?i  Smell 

^  (teeji       I  See 

To  smell. 

(  To  smell 
[^  mun  1 

'^  ((with  nose)! 

or 

[  To    smell 

hay-ung\  (as    of    a 

flower) 

Sometimes  he  pays,  some- 
times he  does  not. 


jg  ko-e 
7^  yow 
^  see 


He 


>  Sometimes 


76 

The  (ollowiug  characters  arc  used  to  eipress  the  PEKFECT  TENSE  "S*  c<«n  "have"  "done"; 
[IsE  id-oo,  have;  "iT  lee-oo  "have";  3  ye  "just"  done;  p^  K^  ye  Xnn,  "already"  -j^  fiiorc-, 
past  action  '^beyond'*. 

P^  iir,  |1^|J  for,  Rp  lo,  ^-g  R^  ««r  fo,  TEUMINATIVE  PARTICLES  also  express  the 
perfect  when  used  afUnnativcly  or  rcsponsivLly  e.g.  Jjf  -T-  |  w^aic /'oo-e fec-oo literally  1  go (j^« o/' 
perf ret  feme  \lte-oo\)"  I  have  left";  Jv  -f"!"  ]|mj  M^aw/iarnyHorcilitcrally  I  walk(»^no/p(M//eiM£r[yBore]) 
"/  ^ore  icalked" ;  J&  T^  P?C  nyojr  c/ok"  /ar  literally  I  copy  {sign  of  fast  tense  [lar])  I  have  copied 
it  i    iB   yr^  PS    ku-e  see  Ae-oo  literally  he  die  (siyn  of  past  tense  [Ae-oo] )  "/le  has  died". 

The  demonstrative  Pronoan  freqaently  supplies  the  place  of  the  difioite  article;  it  is  generally  so 
used  when  the  sense  admits  of  it  but  the  rule  is  by  no  means  invariable. 


Rent. 


Never. 


jo  Rent 

I  Silver  or 


^  ngun 


money 


To  pay  rent. 
jJ3^  narp         To  pay 


Rent 


A  sail. 

l|l^  taiong    )  (cl) 
ijlf  lay         i  Sail 

To  boist  a  sail. 

:^  chay       I  To  hoist 
iflf  lay         i  Sail 


To  set  sail. 


H^  hoi-e 
•^  sun 


To  start 
Body 


^^  chung        Altogether 
^  mo  I  Not 


Not  yet. 


Pg 


g-  ung 


Not 


"^  chun      \  Yet 


Often. 

^  ho  Good 

Much  or 
^  dough 

I  many 

}gj  vicoo-e      Time 

A  receipt. 

l|^  «o7o        I  Receive 
^  */arn      j  Bill 


if.  darn 


To  give  a  receipt. 
Give 
J  Receipt 


LESSON  XXXI. 


Some  times. 


^  yow 
^  see 


Have 
Time 


Formerly. 
^  sin         )  Before 


«t7i 

see 


Time 


Then  (at  that  time.) 

Pfig  ho  That 

(51:  t-Zuin         While 
^  see  Time 


^  see 


B$  see 


When. 

)  How 
I  Time 

Now. 

!Now 
Time 


Where  is  the  moantain  in 
the  foreign  city. 


That 


nf0  /o 

;  roreigii 
I5&  sun  City 


*/' 


PS  /(f 


75 

'irto-e         Go 


>«i 


t'-OO 


I  Sign 


of 


past  teuse  ' 


^  ''"■'        j  Ride 

I  have  ridden,  you  have  sailed. 


^     -^  Matches 

pi^  Wirt?/        ? 

I  have  shown  him  the  city. 


I 


bean 


'lee 


w 
sarn 
are 


AVhere 

Have 
Mouutaiu 

9 


The  people  cannot  say; 

the  weather  is  too  bad  to 

see  it. 


People 


^  [lart 
i-i  sun         ) 

'Jf,  but  Not 

^^  nun  Can 

^^  vwhar  Say 

^(£^  Jwn  Certain 
^  <a?ie 
H$  see 

gj  )/(/,« 

^  tatie 

Bf  «ee 

|a||  HrtT-^i 


Weather 


For 
Weather 


Hard 
See 


^  ngaw  I 

]^  yo(o  Have 

'f:^  nay 


You 

Sail 


"i 


sigh 

I  Siga     of 
lic-00      < 

{  past  tense 


Row  boat 


barn 


He  had  returned  and  will 
send  a  man. 


If  Au« 
^farn 
"^  c/(ee!i 

A  y"" 

^  lo-c 


He 

Have 

Been 

Return 


Will 
Send 
Man 
Come 


1^   toong 


I 

Have 
With 
Him 

Look 
Sign  of 
past  tense 


That 


^^  tleet 


jun 
lar 


What  do  all  the  people  say? 
People 


g    bart  ) 

j^  sun  \ 

^  deem  How 

gj  vwhar  Say 

^  ?w?/  ? 

They  say  he  has  gone  away 

to  ride. 


They 


-fg  ko-e 

^&  vwhar       Say 


tg^ 


I'o-e 


He 


74 


He  is  always  a  good  friend. 
fg  ko-e         He 

.  Always 


^    .'/Off  ) 


Good 
Frieud 


Have  you  repaired  the  box 
(or  not)? 


f^  »oy 


Ky 


c/iuti 


You 

Repair 


i  Sigu  of 
(  past  tense 


P^  fie-oo 


That 


■jj^  say-ung  Box 

;^  /7i(7y  Not 

^  are  ? 

Will  yon  return  those  matches  ? 

■f/]^  nay  You 

^^  say-ung  Wish 

fP  /«7^  Give 

Hm  /<"""  Return 


^  ?/^a!t'         Me 
^  <ane  Hear 

R.^  way  ? 

Show  me  those  matches. 


bay 
l-o 
|^»f  deet 

3/C  for 
^  cfieye 


Give 
Those 

Matches 

Me 

Look 

While 


He  has  not  paid  the  money. 
jg  ko-e  He 


^tl 


ft  <hu 


ngnn 


Not 
Give 
Sign  of 
past  tense 
Money 


That  I  cannot  really  say. 


That 


^fj  <leet 


Those 


P^  ung  Not 

gj  violiar       Say 

j  Sigu  of  past 
[  tense 
«M<  Really 


M 


It    f/M< 


:^. 


ft  (^u« 


Does  he  speak  well? 

|g  ko-c  He 

gpj:  /.-of^fi;       Speak 

Sigu    of 
[  past  tense 
Jtj-  ho  Good 

p^  m«y  ? 

Will  yon  return  and  tell  me? 

^^  nay  You 

II-    7 

^  farn 
^  lo-e        I 
^  vwhar       Tell 


Will 
Return 


73 


Not 
Cxood 


Bat  now  it  is  good. 


^  tane 
P~|\  Aar 


Heaven 
Now 
While 
Good 


Is  the  weather  in  the  city 
good? 

Ij^  sun  City 

^M  '*y  Inside  )   ^ 

S¥  t.oio  Head       S' 


^  see 
if?  Ao 

Po  ""S' 
^  nay 


Weather 

Good 

Not 
? 


That  was  a  large  city 
formerly. 


^  see 


Old 


o 


Time    S. 


^  high 
ys^  die 


That 
Is 


Good 
Bis 


1-1 

CD 


,%  mar 


Eide 


Can  the  ship  sail  well  (or  not)? 
'(jg  ko  That 


^^  _/ate 
#  did 

^  7nay 


(cl) 
Ship 

Sail 

Sign  of 
past  tense 
Good 

Not 
? 


The  weather  has  been  very 
good. 


tie 
see 


Weather 


'f*  chn7i         Yet 


f^  sow  Repair 

^g  cJmn         Make 
ftf  fi'O  Good 


That 


■^  say-ung    Box 


* 


may 
'^  chill  I 


Not 
Yet 


Do  you  like  music? 
You 

Like 


Pp  chung 
^  ngork 


Music 


11^- 


nn 


k    sign    of 
past  tense 


^fun 


10  I 
Part  i 
Good 


Very 


P§-  Mwjr  Not 

^  nay  ? 

Can  you  ride? 

y\\  nay  You 

P^  vwoo-e      Can 

'5^    "^        I  Ride 


We  had  bad  weather. 


;^  stw  Before     ° 

^  see  Time     )  a- 


P§-  (wgr  Not 

P^  vwoo-e     Can 

1  do  not  ride. 

^  n^aio        I 
P§-  M«^  Not 

10 


■^  hoo-e 

^  mo 
^  chee 


Go 

Pareuts 

Place 


Mabo  him  sigo  his  name. 

?S  ^•(iy-ttw(7  Make 

'[^  io-e  Him 

^  (7i«e»j  Sigu 

i^  men  Name 


Tell  the  man  to  shave  me. 
B4  %-oo      Call 

A  ^«" 

^lo-e 


That 

Man 
Come 


l^lj  tie 


Shave 
Face 


I  have  seen  many  men. 


^  hen 

3^  I]  no  re 

^  (lough 

A  ^"" 


I 

See 
(  Sign  of 
(  past  tense 

Good    I  g 

Much  I  "S 

Meu 


j^  (7i«e  Place 

pS.  niKj  Not 

^  s«y-"ni/    Wish 

Did  yoQ  row  the  boat  (or  not)  ? 
Y/^  nay  Vou 


Is  that  a  foreign  man 
(or  not)? 


That 


Pi  he 


chun         Yet 
Row 

Sign   of 


;j^  chow        Row 

,    C':_..     _r       ' 


^TO 


past  tense 


—  sorm 
i^  barn 

Row  boat 

Pg-  un^? 

Not 

^  nay 

? 

Can  yon  see 

the  mountain? 

'f^^  »ay 

You 

W>  '^"^ 

Look 

fl  '/«< 

Sign  of     1 
j  past  tense] 

^  i«<^n 

See 

\\\  sarn 
R^  mar 


That 

Mouutaiii 
? 


Have  yoQ  repaired  the  box? 
f/j^  wiy  You 


I  want  to  go  to  my  parents. 

I 
Want 


ngaiv 
ye-oo 


^p  ngo-e 
^  i/iiork 
J\^  yun  Man 


Is 
Foreign 


Pa  "".'7 
^  high 


Not 
Is 


Is  he  a  native  (or  not)? 
j^  ito-e  He 

A  J/""  Man 


l3 

Native 


Not 
Is 


Will  he  retarn  to  his  family 
(or  not)? 

1^  ko-e  He 

^  say-ung    Wish 


*/' 


Return 


'too-e 


gar 

kun 


His 


Family 


To  sail  a  ship. 

1^  sigh        j  To   sail 
^  sin  i  Ship 

To  row  (witli  oars). 

7|;j§  choie        j  To  row 
^S  diay-ung  \  oarg 

To  send. 
^  /;<(?/         j  To  seud 
■^  /«)()-«     1  To  go 

^ij  lie  To  shave 

The  people  are  everywhere. 
"Q"  bart 
j^  ''«» 

^  ./(fitf  Place)  !_  1^ 

^  cAee  Placej  ^  m 


71 

Masic. 

^  ?)(7or^:     j  Music 
-^  ?/(»;(        j  Tune 

Weather. 

^  ^;)((3        1  Sky 
^  /a/!/         )  Air 

If^  llhi  To  sew 

To  repair. 
"f^  sow         j  To  repair 


rh  II  n 


Make 


11 


People 


^  (/oj^g-A       Also 
"/B  yoiv  Have 

Does  he  intend  to  marry 
(or  not)? 

Ig  ko-e  He 

#  /«>/«  Is 

^  scn/-una    Wish 

^  (7iO-e         Marry 
^  Wife 

P§-  ting  Not 


rim.  i'""'"         'I'o  look  for 

To  tell. 

^  M./;/(r      ^  Say 
•^  (7(fe        '  Kuow 

To  return. 


^  lo-e 


Back 
Come 


To  separate. 

^Ij   heat        ^  To   part 
[U^   lioo-e      '  Opeu 

To  shew. 

j^  bay         1  Give 
1^  <M  )  Look 

To  ride. 


To  ride 
Horse 


LESSON  XXX. 

People. 

■Q"  bart         j  100 

^-J  SMH  A  surname 

Native. 

3j  /;oO)/  Origiu 

:^  (/,/?/        I  Earth 

Foreign. 

^h  11-go-e       Outside 
Country 

City 

(a  walled) 

|l[  sarii  Mountain 

A  boat. 

^—  «((>•(/(         Three 
^  &or)(       1  Board 

Matches. 


jo-e 
quork- 


^  for        \  Fire 
^  dieyc      \  Wood 


gj&  ly/ittr 


Speech. 

Say  or  speak 
language 


To  sign  (one's  name). 

■^  clieem      \  To  sign 
i^  men        \  name 


70 


He  received  and  read  it. 


"fg  ko-e         He 


Jouy/t 


Received 


dook 


(3J 

jjH  lo-e 

Pff  lar 


Ami 

Read 

Come 


He  put  it  down  afterwards. 
He 


^  how 
^  lo-e 


Afterwards 


^  fawnp       Put 
>^  lork  Down 

■^  /loo-e         Go 


fj^  iwoo         Think 
^  /leem  Owe 

^  /tj(;/t  Chicken 


s^-e 


cllu 


Egg 


^  w^Mw         Silver 

Shall  I  punish  the  coolie 
(or  not)? 


tignw 
jart 


fij  J  art 


I 


Punish 


ko 
^^  qnoon 


That 
Coolie 


Good 
9 


^  hcem 


House 

Boy 

Owe 

Where 


"IE  kay 


Sign  of  pos- 
sessive case 
^  vcjun         Silver 

I  can't  remember,  I  think 
it  is  for  eggs. 


Pg-  ung 

IB  f'oy 

^  lar 


Not 
Remember 


vgcno 


The  "SECOND  FUTUKE"  stall  /lave  done  (so  and  so)  may  be  expressed  by  ij^  ^  chaymig 
he,  shall  come,  though  this  constraction  is  very  seldom  availed  of.  e.  g.  1  shall  have  walked  ^b 
JjS-  y^  -fy  tigaK  chay-ung  lo-e  harn,  I  shall  come  walk. 

The    PERFECT   (have  walked)  and  the  PLUPERFECT  (!iad  walked)  are  sometimes  shewn  by  the 
context   but    are    frequently    expressed    thus:    e.g.      |5  -T-  Jra    Pfl-    ko-e   he-oo  quore   lar,    literally 
he  go    away   (sign    of   past   tense  [quore])  (period,  lar)  —  he  has  gone  aieaij;    ^V  (  Pg    PS  )  P, 
jf^   Hj    pT  MTOW   {ngarm  ngarm)  ye   kun   chut  moon,  literally  I  (just)  have  been  out  door,  /  had 
(just)  gone  out. 

The  following  adverbs  ij  fong.  a  place  or  thcriu;  Xf*  jo-e,  still  or  at;  |[-  jmi,  direct; 
■  I-  f^  jun  gam,  just  now;  TC  A-  j«n  ^o «,  just  now;  ^T  Tl-  jow  jaji,  just  now;  with 
others  express  the  PLUPERFECT  TENSE  when  used  in  a  sentence  following  (or  in  reply  to)  another 
expressing  past  action;  e.  ?  (in  reply  Ka  "Bad  he  eaten  that  fruit?")  'j^  JEt^  Tr  ^i  ^J^  S.  P^ 
ko-e  joa  jun  sick  quore  quore  lar  literally  he  just  now  cat  (sign  of  fatt  tense  [(juorel)  fruit  {period 
liar]  )  he  had  eaten  the  fruit. 

^11  P^  dough  lar  literally  reach  {period  [lar'])  follow  certain  verbs  to  express  the  PERFECT 
PARTICIPLE;  e  g.  ]\fy  ^||  p^  sow  dough  lar  literally  receive  reach  (sign  of  period  \lar'])  In  some 
cases     ^IJ     dough,    reach,  is  used  alone;  e.  g     g^  ^11    dook  dough,  literally  read  reach,  read. 


G9 


PB  sai/ 


P^  /le-oo 


^  soo-e 


Pour 

SigQ  of 
teuse  past] 
Water 


Did  you  punish  Mm  after- 
Witrds  ? 


Vh  '""2/ 
■^  how 

^  lo-e 

%  furl 
'[g  ho-e 

^T  mo 


You 
Afterward 


Have 

Puuish 

Him 

Not 

? 


I  did  not  punish  him  after- 
ward. 


;^  ngaw 
-^  hoio 
^  lo-e 
^^  mo 
^  jart 


Afterward 
Not 
Punish 
Him 


Where  does  the  house  boy 
owe  money? 


That 


^  (7nt»  Make 

^  /i007)(7       Empty 


That 


^S  vicalk        Saucepan 
^  mo  Not 

Had  he  emptied  the  basin? 

'(^  /co-e  He 

^  j/oio  Have 

^  c/n<H  Make 

^  /joon.^  J  Empty 


That 

Face 
Basin 

? 


He  had  not  emptied  the 

basin,  he  had  poured 

out  water. 


jg  ko-e 
^  may 

^  yow 

^g  chun 
/^  hooiig 


He 

Not 
Have 

Empty 


^  mean 


Basin 


He 
Is 


I  cannot  remember. 

I 

Not 


IE  ^-"^z 

1^  did 


Remember 


Does  he  read  books  always? 
-fg  ko-e  He 


B^  see 


Is 


Always 

Look 
Book 


P|t  hay  Cs) 


Had  he  heated  the  water? 


This 


^  soo-<^         Water 


•fg  ^o-e  He 

-^  bo  Boil 

^  ^yii^  Hot 

P|t  i-o^/  ? 

Had  he  emptied  the  saucepan 
(or  not)! 


■fg  ko-e 

M  y°'^ 


He 
Have 


G8 


"IE  % 


^ 


pun 
yow 


His 


Frieud 


3^  ?«»* 


^  ;■« 


mar 


Family 

Quarrel 
? 


P^  A,>A         At       )  ffi 
Jl^  (7/fe  Place  ]  ^ 

Did  yon  get  those  goods 
(or  not).' 

^  tiay  You 

^  yow  Have 

jj^  so  JO  Receive 

SiRii  of  i  S. 


She  married  him  afterward. 
^  /o-e 


She 
Afterward 


Marry 
Hiiu 


^j  dough 


past  tense  I 


Is  his  family  here  (or  not?) 

tg  ko-e       ' 


ko 
ffy  deet 
^for 
^  mot 
^\   mo 


Tliose 


Goods 


kay 
gar 
kun 


His 


Family 


Ho,  my  friend  received  them. 
^  mo  No 


^  )o-e 

^    770y 

;^  chee 


At 

Here 

? 


Tes  and  a  good  many  of  his 
friends. 


"IE  %         ) 

Jj^  «ojo        I 
^]  dough     1 


My 


Frieud 


Yes 


Received 


^  /ooni/  Also 

7h"  yow  Have 

^  /io  Good   j  g 

^  dough  Much  i^ 


That  woman  had  married  him. 


That 


ko 
^ko 
IglQ  no-e 

A  !/'"' 


qar 


quo  re 


Woman 

Marry 
Sign  off  ? 
past 
tense 
Him 


'fg  ko-e 
He  had  married  two  wives, 

jg  ko-e  He 

^  cho-e        Marry 

Sign  off  p' 
^iiore     \  past        I  2 
tense      I 


m  'c;/-'">9  2 

^  /o  Old         j  ^ 

^^  /)«!«  Woman)  f^ 

Has  he  quarreled  with  his 
family? 

jg  ko-e  He 

>^  ytno  Have 

^  <oo(i^        With 


jg  ko-e 


His 


•^  heem         To  owe 
■jy  bay  To  give 

To  pour  oQt. 

^  chum        Pour 
|i|  chut       \  Out 

To  fill. 

^l  chum        To  pour 
y^  moon      i  To  fill 


Always. 

H^  see  Time 

^  see  j  Time 

To  open. 
pg  /(oo-e        Opeu 

fS)   hay-ung   Toward 

1^  yin  Far 

J^  /7!<n  Near 

Afterwards. 

P^  zyin       I  But 

^  Aoio        j  After 
or 


'iOlO 


%lo. 


Afterward 


67 
To  recite. 


To  look 


tie  \ 

shii         '  Book 

or 
dook         Read 


Remember. 


^  dut 


Remember 
Siguofpastl 
teuse 


To  see,  to  look  at. 

^  tie         \  Look 
^  Zee/i       '  See 

^  /arn         To  play 

To  compel. 

jg  ?;(('a??     J  Compel 

5^  kay-ungi  Force 

or 
^  Jx~arm        To  compel] 

To  punish  (officially). 

/p  ,'7^«         i  To  rule 


Goods. 


J^  /or  Goods 

^  !»o<         j  Thiugs 


^  c/(o-e      )  Sin 
To  punish  (a  fault). 

^  jart        i  To  puuish 
■^  /a?'i        j  To  fine 

To  move  (to  shake). 

■^|5  yook         To  move 
^  (/oo?i(/     1  To  move 


LESSON  XXIX. 

To  marry  (said  of  a  man) 

^  cho-e      I  Marry 
^  f/iP^e      )  Wife 


or 
cho-e        M 


arry 
Old 
Old 
woman 


To  marry  (said  of  a  woman). 

i"r{  chut     \  Out 


Js;  gar        >  Marry 
or 

Marry 


Family. 

^  (7ar        )  Home 
^  i-zi/i        '  Family 

duarrel. 

^  (7(or«     J  Quarrel 

^p'  /w?i         )  Discourse 

or 
f^  '"y        )  Strife 
^  cojp        )  Brawl 

Friend. 

J3^  P""        1  Friend 
^  yoio        '  P^'riend 

"^  /»<H  Willingly 


G6 


Will  yon  add  np  the  accoont     He  ma;  lend  a  silver  dollar, 
(or  not)? 


"f/il  nay 
"^  hun 

ft  i'"y 


You 
Willing 


Alia 

This 


^  cliay-ung  (cl) 
m    darn         Bill 

|1§-  H«(/  Not 

"^  /iini  Willing 


Empty  that  pipe  for  me. 

Make 
Empty 


fa!  tuna 


That 
(cl) 

Smoke 
Pipe 


^  7uore 


For 

Me 


1g  Ao-e 
PJ*  haw 

H  ye 
"^  ?cy 

—  yot 


He 

May 

Lend 


One 
(cl) 
Silver 
Coin 


7B   ymo  Have 

Jot  ^"y-'*»ff    Hurt 

Do  yoa  eat  oranges? 


;]^  e/(ar)i 
R,^  7iHir 


You 
Eat 

Orauge 
? 


He  has  found  a  copper  kettle, 
"f^  ko-e         He 


1  have  finished  eating. 
J^  ngaio 


m 


won 


chay-uck 


—  yot 

^  soo-e 
^6o 


Find 

(Sign  of 
'past  tense 

One 

(cl) 

Copper 

Water 

Pot 


'^  sick 
Pg-  Ic.r 


I 

Eat 
Finished 


Heat  me  some  water. 


'J^  see- 00 

1^  deel 
'^  soo-e 


Burn 

Hot 

Some 

Water 

Me 


The  verbs  in  all  lessons  are  to  be  regarded  as  being  in  the  infinitive  niood;  thus  Jv'  FO  "H^  i^jL 
a^oto  chtttig  ye  hawk,  I  wish  (to)  learn. 

The  PRESENT  PARTICIPLE  is  often  expressed  either  by  the  infinitive  alone,  or  by  its  combi- 
nation with  an  adverb  of  tiaic.  In  other  cases  Ike  word  T^  hii/h,  to  be  (—  is),  is  used,  as  in  English 
before  the  inOnitive  and  adverb    Thus  e.g.  "he  is  eating"  is  either    'fB'  Y^  n^*"   ^^    ko-e liigli yart 

gun  he  is  eating  or    1^  jfj]   3^  [T^j    ^o*  !/"  <"<"'  y""'  ii^  "o"  ((>'=  i^")  'io«')  «»'• 

The  POTENTIAL  .ly^y  is  sometimes  rendered  by   ^(?   Ao,  good. 

The  PAST  PARTICIPLE  is  expressed  by  the  adverb  of  time,  the  particle  P^  lay  sometimes 
following  the  verb. 


05 


Has  he  learned  this 
character? 


^>J  deet 
^  cliee 

-fg  ho-c 
3j^  5' More 

■^  (7mn 


This 

Letter 

He 

Learn 
Sigu  of 
past  teusel 


Not 
Yet 


Tell  him  to  interpret. 

B4  key-oo       Call 
Him 

Interpret 


■fg  ko-e 
'^.  chin 
W^  whar 


He  has  locked  the  door. 


>^    ZJOW 


saw 


P^   /iC-OO 


moon 


He 
Has 
Lock 
Sign   of 
past  teuse  I 
Door 


Is  that  man  hurt? 

Tliat 


J^  yiin  Man 


Have  you  changed  that  money?  '•   :g^  jo-e 

^&  bean 

^  nay 


\1$,  nay  You 

/^  )/oi«  Have 

Jix  chow         Alter 


^^  deet 


That 

Money 


P^« 


"^f 


'^    (■/(!(« 


Not 

Yet 


Can  you  interpret  Chinese 
characters  ? 

^>\\  nay  You 

P^  viooo-e      Can 


Interpret 


jg^  tuwng       Chinese 
-J-  f/(ee  Letter 

Rv^  mar  ? 

I  have  interpreted  Chinese 
characters. 


^  yoiv 

^  farn 


%.  q 


uore 


I 

Have 

Interpret 

i  Sign  of 
'  past  tense  I 


jg^  tawng       Chinese 
-^  cAee  Letter 


At 
Where 

? 


Your  dog  begins  to  walk. 


You 
(cl) 

D02 


Begin 


-^  Aarw  Walk 

Will  yon  employ  that  man? 

\^  nay  You 

^  aay-ung    Will 
^  ?/w",9         Employ 


pte^-o 


/to 


That 


y^  //u/i  Man 

Have  you  finished  learning? 

f^  "0^  You 

t^  Aoif^'        Learn 
^  ?/('»  Finish 


P§-  uiig  Not 

'^  r/(Mw  Yet 


Also 
Have 

Friends 


Lock  the  door. 


saw 
moon 


Lock 
Door 


Do  yoa  know  that  man 
(or  not)? 


i^  f>(ty 

9Wiko 


You 
Know 

That 

Mau 

Not 
Know 


I  do  not  know  him. 
^  iigaw 


Pg.  utig 
^x  sick 


tgAo- 


I 

Not 

Know 

Him 


Where  do  you  keep  your  dog 
(i.e.  where  is  your  dogi.' 


i^  nay 
^^  eow 


You 

(cl) 

Dog 


64 
To  heat. 

'j^  scc-o      \  To  burn 
^  .-!/««       )  Hot 

1^  say-ung    To  hurt 

Where  is  he? 
jg  Zo-e  He 


nP9 


chun 


To  employ. 

To  employ  i 


(to   hire) 


"fip  siV/Zj         To  employ 


i9E  io-« 


At 
Where 


ffi  ^""5^ 


To  employ' 
(to  use) 


He  is  at  his  parents. 
fg  ko-e  He 


At 

Parents 

Place 


^  /(fno^'       To  learn 

Pjl  i;w%       To  feed 
To  empty. 

^  j«H         J  To  make 
^  /iOOHjf     '  Empty 

To  interpret. 


rhin       jTotransfer\ 

He  has  killed  his  parents.       ^  lahar     )To  say 

or 
^^  farn       [Toexplain^ 

.  To  trans- 
yick 


He 

Has 

Strike 

die 


W 


'f^  ko-e 

^  yow 

ff  Jhar 
^  see 

'(^  ko-e 

He  has  friends  every  where. 
jg  ko-e  He 

Where 


-e 
bean 
chee 


His 

Pareuts 


late 


To  find. 


MJ  won  To  find 


rJiay-uck\ 


I  Sign      of 


'  past  tense 
To  finish. 

To  do 

To  finish 


63 


I  have  bought  some  lychees. 


LESSON  XXVIII. 

Parents. 
■^  foo         j  Father 
•^  mo  Mothei- 


^^    COIV 


Friend. 

Frieud 
Friend 

Dog. 

)(cl) 


I  Dog 

^  sitt  True  really 

Every  where. 
^  chee 


)^  clu 


7710011 


^  jo-e 


sick 


Place 
Place 

Door 

At 

!To  kuow,  to 
be  acquaint- 
ed with 


To  keep  or  retain. 
•^  Urn        \  Keep 
^  farm       i  Revert 

^  saw  To  lock 

•^  jay  To  lend 


^  dut 

7[^  chee 


Change  this  silver  dollar 
for  me. 


I 

Buy 

Can 

Some 
Lychees 


^  chow 


Chauge 
This 

Silver 
Dollar 


3i^  7More        For 
^5  j/</aw        Me 

Copy  this  letter  for  me. 
"J^  choto         Copy 
^  «a?/  This 

Letter 


quore 
ncfaw 


For 

Me 


Take  care  you  will  burn  it. 
/Jn  see-oo 


li^  some 


Take  care 


[1^  ling 
^ho 


Don't 


;/;«  «e«-oo 


chay- 


ch 


See  subsequent  pages  for  expla- 
nation   of  moods  and  tenses  etc. 

The  intensive  particle  \0K 
chai/t  self  is  frequently  found 
following  a  verb  but  it  is  not 
translated. 


Burn 

Sign  of  the 
past  tense 
-fg  ho-e  It 


Can  yon  do  this  for  me 
(or  not)? 

f^  n<^y  You 

^  tie  Instead  of 

f  j5  ko-e  It 


^  dut 

^^  deet 
pg-  ung 


Do, 


can 


This 


May 


Not 


Have  you  bought  any  flowers! 

%  -"cy 

You 

W.  '"2/ 

Buy       1  ta 

1   95 

Sign  ot  f  <t> 

\%  he-00 

1  "^ 
past          g 

tense      I  S^ 

#i  Z"*" 

Flower 

^  «*«y 

Not 

Will  yoa  begin  to  smoke .' 

j/^  nay  You 

^  /'ay 
"g*  sow 

^  sick 
j^  yin 

Pi"  «n<7 
5/g  nay 


62 


Beffin 


Smoke 


g^  sow 


Not 
? 


Blow  oat  the  candle. 
V^  cho-e      \  Blow  /  I 
,^  «ifi-        (  Rest    I  g 

j™  .  tandle 

I  have  blown  it  out. 


Begiu 
Before 

Boy  me  some  cigars^ 
^  my  Buy 

^X/  </''(■<  Some 

§   /oo-c       1 

;^  sooiig     I  Cigars 

'M  y"'         ] 

3i^  <70ore        For 
^  ngaio        Me 

Have  yon  tobacco  to  sell.' 


P^  cho-e 
^..  sick 


H^  /(g-oo 


I 

I  Blow  out 

Sign  of  past 
tense 


f/jt  nay 

^  yow 


ytn 
ben 


You 
Have 

Tobacco 


"fg  ko-e  It 

I  have  not  yet  blown  it  out. 
^  >iijaw        I 
^  wtft/       /  Not 
'^  r/,un       \  Yet 


5  "'.y  Sell 

^  ?no  ? 

No,  I  have  tobacco  to  smoke. 
^  mo  No 


P^  ./-o-f      I 
"fg  ko-e 


Blow  out 

It 


^  "<7aw 
ilffl  ym 

Ifl  jet 


I 

Have 


Toba 


ceo 


Eat  (smoke) 
For     the 


Where  do  yoa  reside? 
f/J^  Miy  You 


;^  dice 


At 

Where 

Reside 


I  bad  a  conversation  with  him. 

^    ?(^9rtW  I 

^  yow  Have 

1^  <M?i_9         With 
"fg  io-e         Him 


i-a« 


njr 


fj^  w/wr 
P^  lar 


Speak 
I  Sign  of 
past  tense 
Say 
Say 


nonce 


A  good  long  conversation. 
^  kauiKj       Talk 
^  ho  Good 

IJ^J  noi'-e         Time 

Q^  ^!«<         I  Couver- 
^J  w/iar      I  satiou 

1  began  it  up  stairs. 

^  nfjcno        I 

P^  hiah         At 

^  /ow  Building)-^ 

'2. 

r.  say-ung    Up  |  §• 


61 


ho 


Those 


^fj  deet  ] 

^  yea  Things 

I  m\\  not  alter  that  bill. 

^^  ngaw  I 

P§-  wn^f  Not 
^^  say-ung    Will 

^  (Coy  Alter 


Pf[g  /to  That 

^  chay-ung  (cl) 
y.  fZaj'n  Bill 

I  wish  to  alter  that  bill. 

^  »!^aw        I 
^^  say-ung    Will 
^  5^0?/  Alter 


nfg  ^0  That 

B^  chay-ung  (cl) 
y.  (far?j         Bill 

Will  you  copy  characters 
(or  not)? 

'^  nay  You 

^^  say-ung  Will 

;gj?  c/iou;  Copy 

^  cAee  Word 


P§-  ?<«<7  Not 

^  say-ung    Will 


Where  is  the  bill? 

Pfig  /.-u  That 

^chay-ung\  {cVj 
ja.  r?ar"«  Bill 


^  ;o-c 
^  chee 


At 

Where 

? 


Bring  me  your  bill. 

^  7(eem         Bring 
'(/J\  »?«y  You 

gg  chay-ung  (cl) 
^.  (:?tt?'«         Bill 

;^  /o-e  Come 

^5  "^'f'w        Me 
Alter  this  bill. 

^  ,<70)/  Change 

^  nay  This 

^  chay-ung  (cl) 
y.  fZar?i         Bill 

Add  up  the  account. 

If  guy  Add 

Account 
^    mooi       I 

Count  all  those  things. 
|g{  so  Count 

jj^  c/uore        To 
Pfl  sigh  All 


Conversation. 

^§  kaung     i  Say 

gj'  ?oAar      ]  Speak 

or 
j^  say-ung )  Consult 

^fy  cluiy-uch]  Deliberate , 
i}/^  heat  Must  really 

To  begin. 
^  hay  Raise 

"g"  sow        )  Head 

^  jo  To  do 

^  see  To  die 

To  blow  out. 
p^  c/<o-c  Blow 
^  sick       ]  Rest 


/•TO 


sec-uo 


To  alter 
So  or  thus 
To  burn 


To  clean. 
^  ^'wji  Make 

^£  ^ojvi  Dry 

J^  /mh  Clean 

1  like  gold  dollars. 


1 

Like 


^  'ngaw 
pp    chung 

■^  kum  Gold 

I*?  i^3/^        '  Dollars 


60 


LESSON  XXVII. 

Gold  dollar. 

^  kum       I  Gold 
^  jeye       \  Child 


10 

Very 

I  Part 

Good 


darn 


j  A    bill   (ail 


Pi^  /i.y.       At 


Where 


account) 

Money  acconnt. 

|g[  so  \  Count 

^  »«oi-e      )  A  list 

To  count 


Hit  ^^ 

=\  guy  To   add  up 

To  copy. 
^fp  chow      j  Copy 


^a. 


%  dm 


I'l  ^'^ 


^  (7jom7 


Write 

To   change 
(cash) 

A  letter  (postal). 

^  fung      I  Seal 
-^  s!/Ji         \  Letter 

-^  (/^e  To  dwell 


Get 
Come 

P^  kay         'a 

Vj^  nay         ? 

What  is  this  thing? 

P/jJ  nay 

iZ  This 

-j^  nio< 
^  yea 

All  are  here 
PJ^  harm    j 
Uj^  6a?7j  '  All 


Is 

What 

Thins 


At 
Place 


W 

CD 


I  want  to  bay  a  pipe. 

^  «(7aw       I 
^  ye-oo      Waut 


:^5^  c/ice        (cl) 


trtf  'oo/igr     ( 


Pipe 


^ 
^ 


no-e 


»ee 


Period. 

I  A      period 
(of)  time 
or 
Period 


Jiul  may  he  esprcsscd  by 
it  tootip  when  coupling  siib- 
tantivcs,  by  ^K  lai/-ung,  when 
used  between  numerals. 


Take  care,  you'll  break  that 

pipe  {Ui)  be  careful  wait 

and  yon  will  break  etc. 

/\\  see- 00     Be 
i^  some    )  Careful 
P^  are 

^  dhun    I  Wait 
|J1\  Aflr      j  While 

^  nay         You 
P™  vwoo-e    May 
fj"  (/Aar    I  Strike 
'j;D  /«?•«     I  Break 

'jd  2/"' 


That 
(cl) 

Pipe 


Tbis  is  very  good  tobacco 
where  did  you  get  it? 


B/S  '"ay 
^^  deet 


y>n 

ben 


This 


Tobacco 


59 


JJ^  marn      Eveniug  j  2 
^^  char?!      Meal 
3>j5  lo-e        Come 


Put  the  flowers  on  the  table. 
^  /a?'         Flower 


j^  fawruj    Put 
;|{^  <ot'-c     I  Table 
^  ?nea?z    |  Face 
^  ("A(!c        Place 

Have  you  any  cigars  to  sell? 

i/^  nny         You 
7^  «/o?w        Have 
§    /oo-e 

yj\^  sooji^  I  Cigar 


^  »!^  Sell 

>^  mo  Not 

Do  you  smoke  tobacco  (or  not)  ? 
f^  ""i/        You 


Smoke 


yin 


Pg- 


o  ""5' 


Not 


suk         Eat 


pl^  lay-ung  Two    j   td 

^  yea-ung  Kind      t^' 

^  Jo!/^'/*  Also 

■^  cow  Enough 

Boil  the  meat  in  the  saucepan 

{{III)  give  that  saucepan 

and  boil  etc.). 


How  many  dollars  have  you? 

\^  nay      You 
"^  yow      Have 
^g  hay       How 
^  (fou^/t  Much 


'^m  vwalk       Saucepan 


Give 
That 


P^  lie  Come 

j{^  sarp  Boil 


ho 
1^  yooh 


That 
Meat 
Is  it  baked  enough* 


^  cook 
^ho 
Pa  uiig 
^  chun 


Bake 
Good 
Not 
Yet 


Bring  dinner  directly. 


Quickly 


i%  ko        (cl) 


Dollar 


1  have  sixteen  dollars  (and) 
forty  cents- 

^  i^gaw    I 
>H^  T/oio      Have 


+ 


sup 


10 


3^  ?oo/;     6 
M  ho        (cl) 


16 


boon  Briug 


^.  Jun 
■7*  5"-'e 


Dollar 


Aud 
4 

Dimes 


Both  the  rice  and  bread  are 
enough. 

it  /.-u;/,;  ■  With    or  and 


mean 


^h 


Bread 


0X0 


58 


o 


^  kniii  Gold 

B$  AY^-  Time 

J^  sun  Time 

^  6e-oo  Watch 

#  /'/g/'     Is 
-j^  mot      What 
1^  f/nr     (  Price 
^g  (7ige;i  ]  Coin 


(The  price  is)  fifty  dollars. 


10  I 
(cl) 


50 


Dollar 


I  will  give  yoo  forty  five 
dollars. 


# 


bay 


I 

Give 


jJtj  .??«        4 

-|^  «!*;?       10  /  45 

^  Ac 
^  "5"'" 


(cl) 
Dollar 


3i^  (^uorf'   To 
'f/^  uay      You 


Not 
Like 


Go  plant  tbose  vegetables. 
■^  hoo-e    Go 
^  cAmhc;  Plant 

^^  cho-e    Vetjetable 


Those 


That 


That  is  a  copper  bell. 

P|S  ko 

|^»J  Jed 

^^  f/tM/ijf  Bell 

^  ?oo«^    Copper 

P|t  kay       . 

I  want  to  bny  an  iron 
corkscrew. 

^  n<jaw  I 

^  ye-oo  Want 

M  >n^  Buy 

— '  yot  One 

1®  io  (cl) 

^  /a/e  Iron 

J^  y«H  Bottle 

^  cAut  Cork 

^J  jiln  Gimlet 

What  is  the  price  of  that 
gold  watch? 


ko 


Hg/.. 


That 


Ji  kuiig 
^  farn 

^5^  chee 


And 

Cu.stard 
apple 


The  lychees  are  good;  the 
whampees  are  bad. 


^  lie 
7f^  chee 


I  Lychee 
Good 


^  vwaung  Yellow 

^  pay  Skin 

P§-  ((H^  Not 

j{Jp  lio  Good 

Get  me  fifty  oranges  (small). 
^[5  ?i(;t'H  Bring 


3l  ""i' 
1®  ko 


5 

10 
(cl) 


50 


Oran 


ge 


Come 
Me 


Do  yoa  like  to  gather 
flowers  (or  not)? 


"f'i^  ""y 


You 
o-e  Like 


To  pick 
Flower 


Tobacco. 
yin  j  Tobacco 

ben  \  Cake 

To  smoke. 

sick  \  Eat 


P^/'f 


All. 


13^  lam 


dM    7 

-  -   Od 


Tobacco 

Idiomatic 
expression 


Pfl  s/i//j  All 

Boil  the  sausage. 
j:^  sarp  Boil 

pM  ko  ] 

7  That 

^  yea-ung 
^  chay-ung  ) 

Bring  those  shrimps. 
:j^(^  M£'e»j  Briug 


Sau.sage 


^  /oo-c 


Those 

Shrimp 
Come 


1  like  banana  and  custard 
apple. 

^  iigaw  I 

^f  o-e  Like 

^  chee-oo       Banana 


57 
To  gather  flowers. 

|(^  cAar<  j  To  pick 
4^  /ar-     )  Flower 

^1  c/m«(7  To  Plant 

f[n)  ^oo??,9    Copper 

^  <a^e       Iron 
A  ten  cent  piece. 

— •  yot        A 

^  /io         Dime 
■^  giee       Little 

Dollar. 
^^  7igun     Silver 
^  c/(eew  J  Coin 

^  yea       Thing 

^  vwalk  Sauce  pan 

Directly. 
IP  chh-k  )  Forthwith 
^J  (;?(i       A  short  time 


LESSON  XXVI. 


To  eat  enough. 


Cigars. 

§  loo-e  j  The  spine  ^ 
TJ^  soon;;  j  Dynasty  \  5 
'kS  «t«       Tobacco 


CB 


2/«" 


Pipe. 

Tobacco 


sick 
hoiv 


)  Eat 
j  Enough 


Sausage. 

^J  yea-ung      To  stufiF 
J^  chay-ung  \  Intestine 

$g  /wr  Shrimp 

^ffi  gee-oo         Banana 

Custard  Apple. 
^  /a77i  Foreign 


;y5^  c/ie« 


Lychee 


Wi  toong)  Pipe 


^5^  chee 


Lychee  or  lichi. 

^  lie  j  The 

i''''  Dimocar- 
pus  lec/ie" 

Orange. 

jjj!^  gut  I  Orange 

fi^  ;>!/«  )  Small 

or 

^^  ga''i>i  Orange 

or 
^  charn         Orange 

^fj  far  Flower 


pS.  „ug 

Not 

^  mol 

What 

That  mastard  and  pepper 

#  /"y 

Is 

^f  yea 

are  not  good. 

1 

PjS  ko        i 
Rg  deel 

f/4»  ""i/ 

You 

M  f>«" 

Cake 

]^  <7i()jr 

Will 

-^  sick 

Eat 

H  V                                j 

^  kigh       ) 

^                  Mustard 

tr  ''/'«»• 

Strike 

V)^  nay 

? 

^  /aril 

Break 

Boy  me  a 

piece  of  cake. 

^  viooo 

nIS  ^-^ 

That 

M  ""J 

Buy 

|iJl  chee-oo    Pepper 

^A-. 

—  yot 

One 

^  mood 

Bottle 

^fie 

Piece 

^  ben 

Cake 

P§-  utig          N6t 

J|§  quore 

For 

iif  ho            Good 

Do  yoD 

want  a  meal? 

■J)c  ".'/"'o 

Me 

"IE  ^"y 

f^"  "«^ 

You 

A  gold  pen  and  a  silver  tea  pot 

Boil  the  soup  qaickly. 

^  o-e 

Like 

yot 

One 

-^  sick 

Eat 

j^gee 

(cl) 

^  (AarH 

Meal 

4^  kum 

GoM 

ji^  sarp         Boil 

P^  7nay 

? 

■0|-  chum 

Pen 

^  tuwng      Soup 

—  yot 

One 

I  want  you  to  bake  this  cake 

That  child  has  come  to  dinner. 

1®  ^0 

(cl) 

■^  ye-oo       Want 

That 

^  iigun 

Silver 

'^  nay           You 

^  char 

Tea 

^  fooA         Bake 

^    «!>A 

^  vwoo 

Pot 

t^  m«?i 

Child 

f'"''       'This 

1T  J«!/« 

Take  care!  or 

you  will  break 

i  *      •^    »/ 

that  bottle  (lit)  don't,  if  not 

^  6e«          Cake 

^/0-6 

Come 

then  : 

^on  etc. 

:^  sick 

Eat 

/)■»  see-oo 

JBe 

What  pastry  have  yon.' 

i^die 

Dinner 

lij^  some 

i  Careful 

-^  »iay          You 

^  cAar/i 

Meal 

Vjjrare 

• 

^  yoio         Have 

55 


-^  sick       Eat 
^S  ^'.9^*       Chicken 


P§-  wig       Not 

No  I  don't  like  fowl,  I  like  eggs. 

P§-  uiig       Not 
Fp  chung 


belt 
sick 


Pastry 


~p  sup        Teu 
:^  /?<«        Part  ' 
fif  ho  Good 


Very 


^  *ee      ) 


Wlaen 


Like 


M  y^ 


P^  !yar-f       Eat 
^S  ^*^^*      Chicken 


^)j  ?)^crw     I 

Fp  chung  I 
■  '      Like 

>S>  ^         J 

.,_  Eggs 

^g  aliarn\ 

A  slice  of  bread. 

— ■  yot        A 
;^  fie         Slice 


bow 


Bread 


That  vinegar  is  bad 

Pfe  ko        (cl) 
^  (fee^       Little 
Pg  c/io        Vinegar 


That 


P§-  "?((/       Not 
^^  Ao         Good 


This  biscuit  is  very  large. 

^  11  ay 
Mko 


This 


f"  koT 


Biscuit 


ftf  ho         Good 
y^  die        Big 


jjl  6faw      Ready 

Directly. 
1^  jo!P       Then 
^  bean      Ready 
Pg-  lar 

Are  you  ready  (or  not)  J 
f^  n«?/       You 
^  cheye 


ii  '•^^z 


Ready 


Hand  me  some  water.  ^a  «"^       Not 


"f^  iff!/  Give 

^.J  deet  Some 

;!fC  «oo-e  Water 

^  n^a?o  Me 

Hand  me  the  mustard, 

"f^  6at/        Give 

yy^  kigh    / 

_,  Mustard 

^  "jforo     Me 

Do  you  like  to  eat  fowl  (or  not)? 

f^  ^lay       You 


■^  c/m?i      Yet 
This  makes  a  good  meal. 
^  iiay 

l#  karm     So 


This 


Fp  chung  i 


&  2/« 


Like 


^  joio  Then 

-f^  A;yt  Is 

— '  yot  A 

^^  charn  Meal 


^  Ao         Good 
■g^  /arn      Rice 


This  pastry  is  very  good. 
^  not/ 
U]  deet 


This 


Cabbage. 

Q  hurt      )  White 
cho-e    \  Vegetable 


hawng 


To  bake. 

To  bake  or 


toast 


^  cook        To  bake 


To  boil 

^  bo  To  boil      I 

or 
^A-  sarp        To  boil      \ 

Thus,  then,  in  this,  case. 

P|5[  iar/n      Thus 

or     " 
^  /ow         Then 

^  wot         Or 

•^  yti<m        Gold 

^^  ^MH         Silver 

Breakfast  is  ready. 

Break  fast 
^^  cAarn    ' 

^  6eaH        Ready 
When  will  dinner  be  ready? 


k  ^^^ 


54 

To  like. 

F|1   rhianj  I  Middle 
lip  ye         I  Miud 

Biscnit. 

^:|f  bm      )  Cake 
^  /.orn     I  A  shield 

ff:  /.i«         Cako 
Pastry. 

^  hfln      I  Cake 
:^  su/t      1  Eat 


LESSON  X.W 
Take  care. 

yj>  see-oo     Little 

^tj^"*  .so7ne    )  Heart 

Break  fast. 

yj>  fe<'-oo     Little 
^  cAflrH     Meal 


'f^  boij 


To  pass. 

)  To    hand  at 


I  table 
Slice. 


charn 


Dinner 


—  yol       j  A 
^  Jie        \  Slice 

A  piece. 

—  yot      I  A 
1^^  (/ee<     j  Little 

Mastard. 

^  i-wA     I  Mustard 
5J^  moo(/   I  Powder 

Pepper. 

^^  iwoo      Black 
Ifji  chee-oo    Pepper 
^  7/!00(/     Powder 


Jp.  JO         )  Early 
1^  farn    )  Rice 

Dinner 

3^  die       I  Big 

^  (7»arn  ]  Meal 

or 
^  7?!ar?i    j  Evening 

^  c/wrn  I  Meal 

A  meal. 

—  yot      I  A 
^  eAor))  1  Meal 

Ready. 

^  c/ict/e      Even  |  ? 
^  ftay         Ready  I   1 


"j^   heatt 


1  Ready  or 


convenient 

To  eat. 
^  skk        Eat 


or 
Eat 


What  is  the  price  of  Potatoes  J 
W  see 


■j^  mot 

if  yea 

/is 

m  5'«^ 

^^  chee?! 


Potatoes 


Is 

What 

Price 


They  are  3  cents  a  catty(l '  /3<ffi). 
i^  high      Is 
—  sarm     3 
ii  ko         (cl) 

Pfllj    S171       * 


dJt  ««fi 


Cents  ■*■ 


—  yot 
fy  kun 


A 

Catty 

Buy  me  4  catties  of  vegetables. 
^  my        Buy 
(5J  «ec        Four 
jj"  ^-M?;       Catty 
^  c/(o-e    Vegetable 
^  n^^aw    Me 


kii/h 


53 

Chicken 


kigh      Chicken 


darn     Eggs 


it  ^!t)(g     And   or    with 
^  (7(o-e    Vegetable 


What  have  you  there? 


\\  nay 
ho 


^  chee 

^  yow 

^  yea 


You 
That 
Place 

Have 

What 
Things 


There 


I  have  ham  and  veal. 

I 
Have 


^  yow 

j<,for 
Ijj^  toe-e 

/^  yoiv 
■^  nguw 

f?  Jeye 

1^  ?/ooi 


Ham 
Have 

Veal 


This  little  child  likes  fish. 
This 


Pj2,  nay 
M  ko 


^H  sigfi 
J^  mnn 

^  o-e 


Small 

Mosquito  J  ^ 
Child 


Likes 
Fish 


Buy  me  some  milk  and  eggs. 

Buy 

Some 

Cow 

Milk 


^^  deet 
4^  ngow 
HP}  nigh 


i|  kigh 


Buy 

Some 
Chicken 


dharn  \  Egg 


«<7ajc      Me 


I  want  fowls,  eggs  and 
vegetables. 


itgaio 
ye-oo 


I 

Want 


Boi/  is  literally  male  child  thus    ^B   Y^  narm  j(Vye,  male  child. 

When  boys  and  girls  are  spoken  of  antithetically  in  the  same  sentence    ~Ji'    no-e,  girl  and    ^X- 
jeije,  boy  are  used. 

Note  the  distinction  between  "make'  cause  to  be  done  and  "make''  meaning  simply  to  do. 
iMj   "T*    •*■'"  •^«<-'  literally  translated  immortal  student  is  a  phonetic  attempt  to  produce  the  english 
sound    cent.  The  phonetic  character  in  these  lessons  are  shewn  by  the  presence  of  [1  fiuw  mouth-placed 
to   the   left  of  the  word;  thus,   'fm   J^   becomes   Pjm  njr  • 

Be  careful  where  you  throw  the  accent  in     ^   -V^  see  jet/e  —  serve-boy  i.e.  house  boy  —  accented 
on  the  first  word  it  means  a  dead  child.  -j-  =  phonetic. 


52 


Make  some  vegetable  soup 
^  chttu      Make 
y^  ileel       Little  or  some 
9^  cfio-e    Vegetable 
^  taicng  Soup 

Get  me  some  good  soop  beef. 

tm  ^on      Fetch 
jjff  (/««<      Some 

$f  /lo  Good 
^  tawng  Soup 
pg  yoo^"     Meat 

^  /o-f  Come 
^  wffflw    Me 

Trees  have  green  leaves. 

^  fiv  Tree 

^  you;  Have 

^  f^e«  Green 

^  yeep  Leaf 

Get  me  some  veal  and  ham. 

fp  neem 

1^  deet  Some 

^  W.90U7  Cow    j 

ff  ;«i^e  Child  '  Veal 

1^  yook  Meat 

it  ^-Hw-;  With 

y^  /or  Fire     ( 

il  /oe-e  Thigh 

^  lo-e  Come 


aT  ^'''at 

"JIQ  no-e  Female 

i^jeye  Child 

P§-  H7i,7  Not 

^  ho  Good 


Bad 


Get  or  bring 


Ham 


Ring  the  bell  to  call  the 
I  honse-boy. 


ngo       Ring 
chung  Bell 


ftf  key-oo  Call 


s?e 


House-boy 


^  /o-c       Come 

Tell  the  girl  to  fetch  a 
needle  woman. 

I»4  key-oo  Call 
M  ^0        (el) 
3f  «o-e  I  Female 
ffjVi/e    j  Child 

^  hoo-e    Go 
W^  key-oo  Call 


10  ^-0 


i'« 


(cl) 


Need! 


e  woman 


-^  paw 

^  /o-e      Come 


^  ,  LIuldrcii 

I   ^  wo  ? 

I  have  two  children. 

^  »gaio       I 
^  !/0!o         Have 

p^  lay-uiiq  Two 
jia  ^0  (el) 

^^  Children 

^    7)0-C         ) 

I  have  one  boy  and  one  girl. 

^^  ngaio  I 

^  3/OJ/7  Have 

— '  yot  One 

j®  A-o  (cl) 

f  ?  y«'ye  Child 

— "  yot  One 

M  ^0  (cl) 

3f  7io-e         Female 

That  boy  is  good  that  girl 
is  bad. 


nfli  ko 
M  ko 


That 


Jg  narm  j  Male 
f ?■  7^i/«  '  Child 
jt^  /(O  (tood 


Price. 

^  cliccn       Coin 

Catty. 
fY  kun         I'/a  lb. 

Penny. 

nfllj  sin      L         4 
Cents  ' 

Brush  my  brown  clothes. 


i^  (7irtr<      Brush 


51 

Trees. 

^^  paio     j  Bush 
;||J  s/ie       (  Tree 

Leaves. 


^yeep 


Tree 
Leaf 


^^ 


"".9 


"It  W 


My 


^  cfning 

Tea  leaves  are  green  and  black. 


Brown 


Clothes 


^  ehar  Tea 

^^  yep  Leaves 

/^  yow  Have 

^  chen  Green 

^S  t7(ar  Tea 

/O  yoio  Have 

^^  /«<<  Black 

^  f/iar  Tea 

Have  you  boys  and  girls  J 

1^  vaif  You 

^6"  7/0!«  Have 


Together 
with,  and 

Milk. 

"^  ngoio    j  Cow 
^  7«>/i      \  Milk 

Eggs. 

^S  /7"y         Chicken 
^  dharn  ]  Egg 

Potato. 

Potato  or 

root 

Child 


sec 


HoUand 


^  see  Root 

Ham. 

j^  for       j  Fire 
^j|  /oe-c    I  Thigh 

H  ^F         Fish 

^6  ^-iV/Zi        Cliickeu 


LESSON  XXIV. 
Green. 


/^  look 

Green  \ 

"p   siV^ 

j  Color 

or              I 

pq    fAt'fi 

Green    ) 

Brown. 


^^  chung      Brown 


"p^  sjV^ 


)  Color 
Girl. 

Female 
)  Child 

Boy. 
J^  narm      Male 
-^  ;e!/e       ]  Child 

House  boy. 

see        I  Serve 


ff  y«3/<'      I  Boy 
Children. 

f?  j)'c!/e      )  Child 
-^  no-e     I  Female 

Make  or  cause  to  be  done. 


chun       Make 
or 


Wp 


To  do  or 
I  make 

To  look  for. 

(  To  look  for, 


won 


to  fetch 


^  /'(/(IIP 

^-   SOIB 


Mend 


My 

Handker- 
cliief 


50 
PE.  M»j7  Not 

No  I  like  veal. 
pS-  ,,H^         Not 
pp  chunff  I 


Like 


I  want  to  pat  on  my  coat 
and  tronsers. 

^  "gaio         I 
^^  i/e-oo         Want 
^  chay-uck  Wear 


pp  cA/z/i^r 

4^^>      .7   ' 


I 

Like 


^  too 


Shirtorcoat 
Trousers 


4^    7l_90tC 

1^]  yooi 


Veal 


Very  well,  good  bye,  come  soon 

^  ho  Good 

P^  lar 


jtjho 
-ff  Iiarn 

^.jo 

P^  tore 


Send  somebody  for  a  needle 

woman  to  mend  my 

handkerchief. 


Good-bye 


Send 
Man 
Go 


Early 
Little  I 
Return 
Come 


o 
o 

p 


B^  key-00 
^  lo-e 


Call 
(cl) 

Needle 
woman 


Come 


I'M  ho 

^j;  hoong 


That 

Red 

Visiting 

Card 


Have  you  bought  the  bread! 
j^  >'oy  Vou 


^  yow 


Have 
Buy 


mean 


Bread 

■? 
Buy  beef  and  mutton. 


1^  yook 


Buy 

Beef 


3p.  yea-ting 


Mutton 
Come 


Do  you  like  vegetables 
(or  not)? 


pp   I'hwig 
^  cho-e 


You 

Middle  )  C-. 
Mind    ) 
Vegetables 


CD 


Oood  morning  and  good  bye  are  in  Chinese  as  in  other  languages  iiliomatie  cxprcsaioDS,  sanctioned 
by  castom  —  they   are    literally    S,  ]^a  jo  sfn,  early  morning  and    U+  -fT*    ^o  ^arn,  good  walk. 

The  word  man,  one,  somiiody  is  expressed  like  the  German  maiia  or  the  Knglish  one  e.  g.  (mana 
sayt  or  one  says)  is  rendered  in  chineec    yV     gg'   yim  ichar,  man  says. 


49 


V^  kay 

^  boo-e 
S^  some 


Sigu  of  pos- 
sessive caseF 

I 
Waist  coatl 


Light  a  candle  and  then 
bring  me  a  pen  and  ink. 


Sj^  deem 
'j^  chook 

^  how 


Light 
Candle 


Accord- 
iugly       I" 
After 


t,^ 


neem 


^h 


but 


veem 


Briug 
Peu 


Bring 
Ink 
^  soo-e     ]  Water 


^  mot 


\^  lie 


ngaii) 


Come 
Me 


He  has  torn  the  red 
visiting  card. 

jg  ko-e        He 


m  larn 


n^  he-o 


Tear 


Sign  of    '  ° 
past  tense] 


^X  Itoong      Red 
1^  see?!         Tiiread 
^  lo-e         Come 

Don't  tear  the  yellow 
handkerchief. 


I  have  a  white  visiting 
card. 

^^  »i_(7a?«        I 
Th"  !/o!o  Have 


Don't 


Tear 


^   hart 
^pie 


(CI) 
Wliite 
Visiting 
Card 


pfig  ^0  That 

^  /eg-oo     (CI) 
^^  waung     Yellow 
■^  sow;  Hand 

1  Handkerchief 


Where  are  my  spectacles? 

^^  ngaw        My 
^  dough-e    Pair 


Glasses 


:ane 


\\i  k. 


Napkin 


Mend  wy  white  waistcoat. 

^{^  bo  Mend 

^  xgrniu       Me,  (my) 


^f  iea?t 


At 
Where 


-^  /cee) 

p{  hart 

^  boo- 

f^  some        Coat 


.        (CI) 

White 
■e     I  Waist 


(They  are)  on  the  black  table. 

^  Jo-e 
=S.  hut 
TO   sick 


At 
Black 


^^  toe-e 
^^  mean 


Table 
Face 


This  is  a  bad  waistcoat. 
This 


'Pp  keen 
^ho 


(CI) 
Not 
(.lood 


Bad 


Send  for  some  red  thread. 


•TO  sigh 

A  y"" 

ij5  neem 


Send 
Man 
Bring 


48 


Good  morniDg. 

-^  jo  )  Early 

j^  SHU  \  Morning 

Have  yoQ  a  watch  to  sell? 


^  yoio 


You 
Have 


^  see 

I  hav 

J^  sun 
^  l>e-oo 

Watcli 

JjJ  t>(]ate 
^\   mo 

^\\   mo 


Sell 
? 


Are  you  going  to  pay 
a  visit! 

^^  nay  You 

^  say-ung    Will 
■^  /joo-e         Go 

^  ^arm         Visit 
^  _yun  Man 

P^  may  ? 


Have  yoa  a  bine  coat? 

fy^  ««_(/  You 

^  //ow  Have 

^  /an«  Blue 

::jt^  A'rtrni  Sliirt 

>fj    mo  ? 

I  have  not  a  blue  coat, 


I 

Not 
Blue 
Shirt 


^  larm 

ml. 

3i-^  sarm 


^  yow  Have 

^  dough-e  Pair 

M  /»<<  Black 

^  AiyA  Shoes 

Visiting  cards. 

^X  It^ng         Red 
^  pze  )  Visitinc 

l|^  teep        )  Cards 


Have  you  a  visiting  card  \      Buy  me  a  pair  of  white  socks. 


Y;^  nay  You 

7h"  yow  Have 

1®  ^0  (cl) 

^  pig  /  Visitiug 

lj\l^  teep  )  card 

^^  mo  ? 


^   my  Buy 

^^  dough-e  Pair 

^  6arC  White 

f^  mM<  Socks 


quore 
ngaw 


For 
Me 


Mutton. 


^  yea-ung     Sheep 
|1^  yoo/c        \  Meat 


Porlj. 


Pig 

Meat 


Veal. 


1^  i/ooA- 


Cow 

Cliild  ' 
Meat 


I  am  going  to,  or  1 
intend  to. 

^  ngaw  I 

[  Will,  to 
^  say-ung  I  wish,  to 

f  desire 

Have  yon  bought  (it). 
'f/^  nay  You 


i/ow 


^J  mo 


Have 
Buy 

? 


Jj^  mgato 


:iw 


tl^  /ie-oo 


I  have  torn  (it). 
I 
j  Tear  ) 
Break)  "I 

I  Sign    of  / 1. 
past 
tense 


47 

.              1  Mau    or 

f  person 

Bine. 

^  /ar??i      )  Blue 

All  nations. 
^  mar7i     j  10  000 

Somebody. 

"^  s/ci-       )  Color 

Q  ^Mor-^-    1  Country 

/^  yoto     1  Have 

Yellow. 

Your  Majesty. 

A  3/w"        Per.son 

^  waung     Yellow 

^  marn       1 0  000 

Cannot  mend. 
P§-  n/ig        Not 

•^  szVyt       1  Color 
Black. 

^  soo-e       Age        ' 
^  ^ca          Father    j 

f§  60         Meud     f 

M  hut       \  Black 

All  parts  of  the  world. 

%  chit       Got 
^  /«!•«     Revert 

■^  sick       \  Color 
Good  morning. 

-^  mar  11       10  000 
^  /aww^r  1  Square 

Waist  coat. 
^    ioo-c  J  Back 

-^  70          1  Early 
j^  sun       j  Moruing 

For  all  ages. 
^  marn     \  10  000 

;\Ji>  «OOTC   )  Heart 

Visiting  card. 

g;  %/j       I  Generation 

Buy  a  little  for  me. 

^  p?6'        )  Worship 

All  the  people. 

^   my         Buy 

Ite  teep      )  Card 

-^  yick       \  Ten  myriads 

^^  deet       Little 

:^  /arm       To  visit 

^(<  (/e^-oo    1  Million 

il^  juoT-e    For 
^  7i()iaw     Me 

Fruit. 

Spectacles. 
HR  w(7ttr?'.      Eye 
§{g.  iC-a?ie        Mirror 

^  quorel  Fruit 

Good  bye. 

■^  cA^-e    1  Little 

^  /io         1  Good 

LESSON  XXHL 

^  cAo-e     Vegetables 

tX  /''^'■«     )  Walk 

Red. 

^  tawng  Soup 

A  word. 

—  yot          A  or  one        j 

fJi  hoong     |  Red 
^  «2c^          Color 

Beef. 

^  go-e       Word          1 

White. 

"^  j/.f/ojo  )  Cow 
1^  yook  )  Meat 

§§"  «M<          To  speak    1 
gQ"  ic/(ar      Language 

Q  ^-rtri!       1  White 
^  sick        \  Color 

4C 


He  was  much  disturbed  in  mind. 

f^  choong   Middle 
;\^'>  S01IU-      Mind 

-^  fun 


Very 


ij]  ;ioi£'        Tumult 


ijiit 


^ 


hart 


Hot 

ONE 
HUNDRED 


This  cipresscs  a  complete  number 
of  quality  or  quantity. 

All  the  Chinese  tribes. 
■g"  bart     I  100 
j^  sun      I  Surname 

All  the  trees. 

"g"  burl     I  100 
TJi;  mook   \  Wood 

Snccessfol  in  every  enter- 
prise. 

"g"  bart       100 
^  fart       Emit 
■g"  bart        100 

I  To  hit  the 


rprh 


Uoonq 


mark 


TEN 
larn  THOUSAND 

An  immense  number. 
■g  bart        100 


=^  ch 


I'crt 


1000 


The  nine  fountains  above  hades 

^  gow         \  Nine 
"^  cAitH  Fountain 


The  nine  passages  of  the  body. 

■fl^  gow         \  Nine 
^  key- 00     \  Orifice 

The  nine  gardes  of  official  rank. 

^  gow         \  Nine 

Ordergrade 


l5pt  pun 


+ 


^  fun 


sup    TEN 

Perfect. 

(Ten 
I  Part 


,uirn      10  000 


Perfectly  good. 

-j-  sup  Ten 

^  fun  Part 

^  /io  Good 

Very  wrong. 

-p  «Mp  Ten 

^  /«n  Part       I 

pg  ung  Not        I 

^  jay-orck  Right 

Extremely  thanliful. 

-p  ««p  Ten 

^  fun  Part 

^  chun  Name 

^S  /arn  Praise 


chut    SEVEN 

The  seven  regulators,  (the 
sun,  the  moon,  the  5  planets). 

^  ikut     j  Seven 
j^  jun       I  Regulator 

The  seven  passions. 
■\2  chut      j  Seven 
'\^  chun     \  Passion 


A 


bart    EKiHT 


The  eight  principal  and 

subordinate  points  of 

the  compass. 

/V  bart      \  Eight 
^  fawng  \  Square 


The  eight  laws  of  the 

criminal  code. 

/\  bart 

]  Eight 

^fart 

1  Law 

The  eight  roads  by  which  the 

tributary  grain  arrives 

at  Pekin. 


/V  hart 
■ff  ham 


Eight 
Walk 


"h^  gow  NINE 
The  nine  punishments. 

^  gov)         Nine 
^J  yun       )  Punish 


>^ 


look    SIX 


The  four  quarters  of  the 

earth  with  the  zenith 

and  nadir. 


y'N 


look 


Six 


-^  hop        lUuiteorjoii) 

The  six  supreme  tribunals 
at  Peking. 


^  look 


Six 
Tribunal 


The  six  departments 

of  administration  in  a 

province. 

3^  look       1  Six 
^  faiong  j  Rule 

The  six  calamities  which 
happen  to  men. 


3^  look 

to5  kick 


Six 

Extreme 

or 
north  pole 


The  six  kinds  of  grain 
men  subsist  on. 


yf^  look 


Six 
Grain 


The  six  kinds  of  animals 
man  subsists  on. 

-)^  look       j  Six 
-^  chook     ]  To  rear 


45 

The  five  tastes. 

-ft.  ung  Five 

^  mag         Spices 

The  five  virtues. 


ung 


Five 


.^■^^  I    T 

^  say-uvg\  Law 


The  five  viscera. 

-^.  ung  Five 

Ijgg  chawng  ]  Viscera 

The  five  highest  mountains 
in  China. 

-ft.  ung        I  Five 

■^  vgork    )  Mountain 

The  five  blessings. 

-ft.  ung  Five 

jjig  /ooZ:      j  Blessed 

The  five  orders  of  nobility. 

^.  u»^        I  Five 
^  jay-ork  j  Rank 

The  four  points  of  the 
compass  and  the  centre. 

-ft.  ung  Five 

^  fawng   j  Square 


LESSON    XXIL 


m;/</ 


FIVE 


This  numeral  is  applied  to  a 

certain  class  of  objects, 

the  limited  number  of  which 

(according  to  their  knowledge) 

appears  to  have  been  five,  hence 

it  often  signifies,  all. 

The  five  planets. 

-ft.  ung       Five 
^  sun     I  Star 

The  five  sorts  of  grain. 

-ft.  ung       Five 
^J  cook      Grain 

The  five  relations  in  life. 


i^  lun 


Five 
Relative 


The  five  precepts. 
3S.  ung       Five 


cow 


Teach 
The  five  elements. 


5E.  ung       Five 
fX  !'ar>'  i  Walk 


The  five  colors. 


^  U7ig     )  Five 
"^  sick     I  Color 


44 


No  resources  whichever 

The  world  (also  China). 

A 

thief  la  person 

with 

way  I  torn. 

pig  see           j  Four 

three  hands). 

PI  see         Four 

jf^  /(oy-e      1  Sea 

— ' 

s<irm      Three 

^  lo          Way 

The  four  points  of  the 

"^ 

jale         (cl) 

fl^  mo         No 

compass. 

^ 

so?£>         Hand  ) 

P^  moott     Door 

PI  .<ee          I  Four 

A  cross  way. 

He  knows  a  little. 

fS)   hay-ung  \  Point 

— • 

sarm      Three 

^  /(e-oo     Kuow        ' 

Four  seasons. 
PI  A'tf^e           i  Four 

^ 

are        Fork 

_,              1  Sign  of     , 

i?§ 

lo           Road 

%dut                         / 

a$  see           i  Time 

**^M 

; 

(  past  tense  f 

1 

pt[  see         Four         \ 

Fonr  seasons. 

y^\  see  FOUR 

ptj  see         Four        I 

PI  sec           \  Four 

;^  /ooi-       Six             1 

^p  qiieye       \  Season 

Usually  express  all   round 
every  where. 

3^  look       Six            / 

The  fonr  extremities  of 
the  body. 

All  about. 

A  Blockhead,  a  dolt. 

PI  see           )  Four 

n 

see           Four 

PI  see         Four          1 

^  gee           \  Branch 

nX^ 

/iar        1  Once 

^  fawng   Square 

or 

Every  where. 

>fC  mook      Block         1 

Ditto. 

\ 

''^  1  * 

PI  see           j  Four 

n 

see         \  Four 

What  a  courteous  man 

fl  tie           \  Body 

^ 

(7(ee       1  Place 

you  are! 

f»  . 

The  fonr  precious 

The  four  points. 

^  nay        You           \ 

things  ( paper,  ink,  inkstand 

m 

1 

see         \  Four 

(Ttf"  /.arm     So              j 

and  pencil). 

tm                                                   1 

Pg  see           )  Four 

"Tf  /aw/)<7     square 

pt|  see         Four        ! 

>/^-/ 

i^  Aoy-e     Sea           / 

^  bo            \  Precious 

On  every  side. 

^              i  For  the   1 

1  nonce        i 

A  person  wearing  spectacles. 

151 

see         \  Four 

PI  see             Four 

m 

mean     j  Face 

H^  ngarn         Eye 

All  the  Barbarians 

,_                  1  Common  I 

n 

see         \  Four 

1  old  person  1 

^ 

ye          \  Barbarians 

43 


The  three  relations,  (prince 
and  minister,  father  and 
son,  husband  and  wife). 

—  sarin      Three 
IP^  kaung  j  Relations 

Three  classes  of  court 
attendants. 

— •.  sarin    1  Three 

JjJE  ''«''"     I  Class 

(a)  Attendants  on  magistrates. 

P^  moon      Door 
^  ham     I  Class 

(b)  Lictors  or  torturers. 

^  tso         Torture 
^  ham     \  Class 

(c)  Official  messengers. 

'1^  fie       )  Quick 
Jjifj:  ham       Class 

The  three  highest  Hanlin. 

— -  sarm       Three 

^  (•«;>       )  Arrive  1   W 


;^"  die       \  Rank    )   g^ 

The  three  commissioners 

in  a  province,  (treasurer 

judge,  Sup't  of  salt). 


n 


sarin 


see 


Three 
Commis- 
sioner 


The  2  great  ones,  (heaven 
and  earth). 

^  lay-iuig     Two 
^  die  I  Big 

Plaintiff  and  defendant. 
p|^  lay-img  I  Two 
j^  ;o  ]  Toact,todo 

The  two  beauties  (i.e.  genius 

in  man  and  beauty  in 

woman). 

^   lay-U7ig      Two 
^^  tnay        ]  Beauty 

Two  taels. 

p^  lay-uiiy      Two 
p^  lay-uiig     Taels 
^J  chimg         Heavy 

*  sflrw  THREE 

The  three  Budhas. 

^  «an«  Three 

W  6o  I  Precious 

The  three  powers,  (heaven, 
earth  and  man). 


—  sarm 
"/^  cho-e 


Three 
Powers 


The  three  kindreds  (i.e. 
father,  mother  and  wife). 

^^  sarm       i  Three 
^^  chook      I  Kindred 


Topsy  turvy. 

— •  yot  One  j 

IP  dane  Upset  f 

— •  yot  One  1 

'^J  dough  Invert  I 

Take  a  glance  at  it. 

|3^  tie  Look 

— ■  yot  One 

\i\\  har  A   little 

'.  ye  TWO 

He  is  not  double  minded. 

jg  ^o-g  He 

^  6«<  Not 

^B   i/oz«  Have 

""■  «/e  Two 

j\j)  so?»e  Mind 

He  ascended  the  mountain 
peak  twice. 

jg  ^oe  He 

pj^  lay-ung    Two 
[pj  inyoo-e     Time 

r.  say-ung    Up 
|l[  sar'n         Mountain 
7^  (?ane        Top 

The  parents. 

pR  ^cy-nng\  Two 
^.  eA?«i       I  Parents 


The  whole  life. 


—  yot 

ip  sarn 


One 
Live 


As  soon  as  he  had  left 

— ■  yot       iOue 

^  waun^JGone  past 


42 

Whilst. 
— •  yot     I  Oue 
^  mean  |  Face 

While  leaving  the  house  he 

at  the  same  time  gave  orders 

to  his  steward. 


1  000  000 
— •  yot         Oue 
■g"  bart        100    1 
:^  rnarn   10  000 

10  000  000 


— ■  yot  One    i 

^  7/i('a?j  Face  ) 

[jt{  (•/,«/  Out 

P^  »«0(;»i  Door 


Whilst 


— ■  yot      One     A.t  same 
^  nim/i  Face  )  time 
f}^  /k?)  I  Part  tell 
pfsf/oo    J  Order 


— ■  yot          Oue 

-=p  c/iiH        1000 
'^marn     10  000 

;  His 

\    C/5 

or 

M  "'^  1  S"y 

^  6arn )  Manage 

)  i 

10  000  000 

1    a. 

\    r\ 

As  soon  as. 

— •  yot      j  One 

^  H-un     \  10  000  000 

— •  yot       One 

Addicted  to,  devoted  to. 

1  tense 

past 

LESSON  XXI. 

The  use  of  numerals  in  ordinary 
speech  illustrated. 

'  yut  ONE 

One  by  one. 

— ■  yot     Oue 
— •  yot     One 

Of  one  mind  and  one  purpose. 

— ■  yot      One 

i{^  some  Miml  ( 

— •  yot     One  I 

^  y<;       Purpose  I 

Omniscient. 
M.  mo      Not 
— ■  yot      One 
^  hut      Not 
^  chee    Know 

They  disagree. 


They 


^  chun       Devoted 
— •  yot       1  One 

Up  and  down. 

— •  yot  One 

_t  «ay-"ni?Up 
— •  yot  One 

~J\  //ar         Down 


He  partly  rejoiced  and  partly 
feared. 

— ■  yot  One 

^  boon  Half 

-g.  /la^  Rejoice 

—  yot  Oue 

^  icon  Half 

f6  /'"'■      '^''^'' 


-fg  ko-e 

/^^  some  Heart 
"^  but     Not 
—  yot     One 

Not  merely  one  mistake. 

^  /fly  Not 
— •  yot  One 
^  c/io     Mistake 


41 


I  am  not  a  China  man,  what 
are  you? 

^^  tigaio     I 
P§-  iivg        Not 


tawng 


tawng  i 


Chinese 


A  2/"" 

fy\  jifl!/       You 

'j^  /m^/j       Is  or  are 


^  chee 

A  i^"" 

5/g  nay 


Where 

Man 
? 


I  am  a  tailor. 


^  cho-e 


I 

Do 

Tailor 


Sign  of  Poss- 


essive case 


Watch 


A  2/"" 
H#  see 
J^  sun 

P§-  ung         Not 
'j^    /(((//i  Is 


Chinese 


No,  it  is  not,  it  is  mine. 
I§  ?n(gr         Not 
\^  high        Is 


Mine 


-]^  Idgh       Is 

Ring  the  bell. 

'^y  dhar      Strike 
^B  chung     Bell 

Are  you  a  China  man? 

You 


-j^  high 
jg^  taiong 

A .'/«" 

P3^  ??io?/ 


Is 

Chinese 


1^  Jougk-e  Pair 
^[j  /miV         Boots 

Are  you  making  a  book  (or  not)? 
j^  nay  You 

■\^  high  Is  or   are 

^»  chin         Make 


— ■  yot 


A 

(cl) 
Book 
Not 
Is 


Don't  break  that  bottle 
|J§-  ung        \  Not 


,  Don't 
^ho 

^^  c/j)iw        Bottle 

Is  it  a  Chinese  watch  (or  not)? 

^  /w'^/t      Is 


Good] 
Break 

That 


Pp  1^  yl  choong  quork  yun.  Central  Kingdom  man  and  ^K  ^jj  7^  boon  day  yun,  origin 
earth  man  or  native  soil  man  are  the  most  common  terms  used  by  the  Cantonese  to  designate  them- 
selves and  their  countrymen. 

For  (on  account  of)  may  be  expressed  by    ira    guore;  e  g.    ^M    'jSj   JW    my    quore   ngaw   — 

buy  for  me.  It  is  not  always  expressed  in  Chinese ;  e  g.    H.4-  *a*    Lh     H    'fffl  BM  \^  Sj  key-00 
quoon  deem  my  ko  chay-ung  toe-e  ugaw,  call  coolie  buy  that  (classifier)  table  me. 

The  future  both  positive  and  interrogative,  is  formed  by  making  use  of  ^Wj  say-ung,  think  or 
intended  —  thus  ^y^  ^fl  IXl.  DS  nR  nay  say-ung  hoo-e  ung  nay,  literally  "you  intend  go,  not 
(question  mark?)"  is  "will  you  or  do  you  like  to  go";  again  lyj^  /^^  'S  v&  P/^  nay  say-ung  my 
ung  nay  —  literally  "you  intend  sell  not  (question  mark?)  is  will  you  sell. 

6 


40 


Meiul 
Clothes 


Tear 


W  ''0 
^  !/'■ 

I  a 

^^  paw      OMpereou    a 
^  lo-f        Come 

She  is  tearing  the  shirt. 

f^  li-o-e       She 
^  see 

Pf@  ko         That 
fl^  AwH       (cl) 
^  sarm      Shirt 

Do  yon  want  to  break 
the  stick? 

^5?  nay        You 
^  yt'-oo     Want 

jg_  i  To  break 

fm  lam 


njg  L-o        That 
^  ^«e        (cl) 
^  twN      Stick 

Come  quickly  and  brush 
my  boots. 


^^<^ 


Quickly 


1^  deet  \ 

^  lo-e       Come 

:^  c/i(7)«     Brush 
^  )/<;aw     My 


Mem 


This 


Mend  the  clothes. 

^^  bo  Meiul 

5?<  ye  I  Clothes 

fl^  /ooi-  J  Apparel 

Where  is  the  tailor  J 

^  cho-e 

■j^funff  I  Tailor 
ft  /o 


n^  /-/;7/i  At 

^f  bean 


Where 

? 


He  has  gone  away. 

"f^  ko-e       He 
■^  /loo-e      Go 


0^   //(-Oo 


I  Sign  of 
/pasttense 


^   «<7rtW  I 

5^,  siiij-ieiiii    Will 
^  '"Z/  Buy 

i®  ^-'^  (cl) 

^  ifiuii^       Bell 

Buy  a  candle  for  me. 


lis  c/fooX-     I  CautUe 


Buy 

(cl) 

Wax 


quore 
n<jaw 


To  or  for 
Me 


Send  for  the  coolie  (literally) 
make  some  body  call. 

"^  sigh  Seud 

y^  yun  Person 

B4  key-oo      Call 

^  <7ut>o;i       Govern  )  'Q- 
J^  deem         Store      I  ^■ 


Tell  the  needle  woman  to  come. 

n^key-oo    Call 
— ■  yot         A 

iia  Ao     (cl) 


3^1^  /o-c  Come 

Tell  a  China  man  to  mend  this. 
tt4  key-oo      Call 


— ■  yot 

M  ko 


A 
(cl) 


^  <aw?/^    I  Chinese 
^  2/""       )  ^*° 


Cork  screw. 

^M  cJiun       Bottle 
^  rlmt      I  Cork 
^  jiln       j  Screw 

I  want  to  buy  a  bell  and  a  lamp. 

I 

Want 
Buy 


;^  ngaw 

m  ye-OO 


— •  ijot  One 

^  ko  (cl) 

^g  rhung      Bell 


— ■  ?/of  One 

^  t'Aor/i     (cl) 
>^  dun       \  Lamp 

Will  you  buy  a  stick  (or  not)  J 

i^  nay         You 

^  say-wiq  Wish 
Buy 


t^  gee  (cl) 

{^  /jrtUi        Whip 
^  A-yjv!        Stick 

p§-  ((H^f         Not 

No,  I  will  buy  a  bell. 
P§-  ung         Not 


Hint 


39 

Socks  or 
stocking 

Socks. 

1^  mul    I  Sock 
fl^  tow     I  Head 

^g  chung   Bell 

To  ring  bell. 

;j*]"  fZAf»"  1  Strike 

^g  f7((u/f/|  Bell 

or 
^  ^o       j  Ring 
^  c/at?i;;    Bell 


Stick 


if  /"■."^' 


Is 


To  break. 

^^  chiin     To   fix 
iH  /«)•«   I  To  break 

To  tear. 

fjj  see      I  To  tear 
^  paio    I  To   rend 

^  t/iM/i     To  make 

^   my        To   buy 

W  »«»/        To  sell 

A  watch. 

H^  see  Time 
J^  si«i  Time 
M  he-oo     Watch 


(7(0-e 


LESSON  XX. 
To  send  for  and  call. 

■fip  sigh      Send 

^  yiin      Mau 
n4  %-oo  Call 
A  tailor. 

To    cut  gar-1 
ments 

IM  f""9     To  sew 
(  Common 

ft  io 

f  person 

A  needle  woman. 
*j|  bo         To  mend 
^^  .'(vrm     Shirt 
^^  pi/w      Old  woman 

Quickly. 

Little;  sign 

^ij  (Ii'L't    \  of  possessive| 

case 

To  mend. 

bo  To   mend 

farn   )  To  revise 

Chinese  (adj.) 

taicng  Chinese 
yun       Man 

i  Sign  of  Poss- 
essive  case 


fi 


A 


38 


^ 


twein 

^  lo-e 
5fe  uaaw 


Biiiiff 


Scissors 


Come 
Me 


And  briDg  that  knife  to  me. 


f^  tieen 


And 
Briu? 


l-o  Tbat 

5^  chatf-utig  (cl) 

1T  /<'y-« 


Knife 


Come 
Me 


Very  well  right  away. 
Gooi 


R^  la, 


< 

1  ^ 


No,  I  can  not. 
p^  ((»(/       Not 


P^  I'looo-t'  Cau 


W  s(7y        Write 
^  c/ice        Word 

Where  are  the  needles? 

pf^  ^-0         Tiiat 

1^  7,gan>    Eye       |  ^ 

^  chum     Needle  I  ^ 


— ■  yot         Olio 

1^  gee         (cl) 
^p  lint  Pencil 

J^  say  Write 
^  c/icc        Words 

Get  paper,  pens,  ink  and 

an  ink  slab. 

i^lj  vcem  Bring 
IJ^  lire  Paper 
^g  but         Pen 


^g  l>ea7i 
Jm.  chee 


At 
Where 


Down  stairs 


(diately     - 
'■  lie  Come    |  6= 


Down  stairs. 

P^  high       At 
~J\  /lar 

Get  me  a  pin  and  the  scissors. 
^^  iieeiii      Bring 

;A:  <'''-'     Big 

3^  <o?»        Head 
^  chum     Needle 


^  moi 


tK 


Iiilc 


soo-e 


^  <•»/>         And 

^g  »no<  i  Ink 

^  ytvji  I  Slab 
5J5  lo-e       Come 

Can  yoQ  write  characters? 


>\\  nay 


You 


^  he-oP     Cau 
J^  soy        Write 
-J-  t7i«e       Words 


The  particle  HM    ''"'.   o  ''"'^  before  a  noun  signifies  some,  a  little. 

The  verb  •ftjf  _;>),  to  do  or  to  make  is  often  added  to  other  verbs,  as  an  inlensivc  iiarlicle;  e.g. 
fllL  litf     77  kcij-oo  jo  dough,  it  is  called  "dough". 

The  verb  ^S  he  oo,  to  understand  is  often  used  in  place  of  "^  vwooe,  can  where  in  English 
we  should  use  the  words  can,  to  be  able  thus  KJ^  ffiSE  Ci  ^-j*'  (rac  nay  he  oo  tag  chee  more  literally 
you  understand  wrile  word  (question  mark)  is  can  you  write? 

The  student  will  also  notice  that  compound  words  are  not  infrequent  and  that  the  monosyllabic 
character  of  the  spoken  language  is  by  no  means  as  uniform  as  is  generally  supposed. 


37 


Knife 


PJH  l-o  That 

•(^  tee-oo         (cl) 

^  sow  I  Hanclker- 

ijl   kun  j  chief 

Where  is  my  pen  knife? 

^  "(/ajo  I 

^  rhny-wig    (cl) 
JTJ  ilough 

5/g    ««!/ 


At 

Where 
? 
What  is  this  called? 

ft*!"  key-oo 


This 


Call 
What 
?/ea  Thiuff 


It  is  called  a  pen  knife. 
B4  i:ey-oo        Call 
fX  ?o  To  ilo 

_7/  rfo«9/i      )  Kuife 
ff  i«i/e         j  Little 

I  want  a  pencil  to  write 
characters. 

^  "Ijaio  I 

^  y^'-oo  Want 


^  ;o-e  At 

:j:^  toe-e  Table 

h  say-ung     Up 

Come  (//V.  i'i')  with  me  fetch 
the  lantern. 

f^   <H?i(7  With 

^  ?)f/fl?(;         Me 
•^  hoo-e         Go 


Hand     p 


^fl  deem         Light 

i)^  dun  Light  I  I 

P^  lie  Come 

Light  the  candle  and  take 
it  upstairs. 


pEg  deem 


Light 
Candle 


^  ?)eem         Brio 
1.  say-ung 


noo-e 


Upstairs 


Get  a  pair  of  scissors. 


^(5  -iieem 
^  bar 


cow 


Bring 
Bundle 

HI  OJ 


BU   f/(eem       Cut      I  ° 

CO 

^  /o-e  Come 

And  cut  that  handkerchief. 


R;/   rheen         Cut 


Don't  take  away  that  ink. 

°       "        Don't 
^  ?(«'/«      Bring 


soo-e 


That 


Lik 


•^  Aoo-e     Go  away 

Very  well  I  will  put  it  here. 

^  ho        I  Very 
P^  /«r         Well 


^    Wf/rtlO  I 

l^fawng    Put 

^  ;o-e  At 

5/g  nay  This     ) 

^  ''/)f«  Place  j 

Light  that  lamp. 

pp|5  deem  Light 

/^■o  That 


Here 


pirn 
dun 


Lamp 


Put  the  candle  on  the  table. 

j^  fawng    Put 
^  larp 


chook 


Candle 


Umbrella. 

fll  bar      ]  Bumlle 
j^  jay      \  Cover 

^  more      To  rub 

B4  %-oo   To  call 

Bring  ink. 
^  neem      Bring 


mot     I 


Ink 


^  /o-e       Come 

I  want  to  write  a  letter. 

^  ngaw  T 

^  ye-oo  Want 

^  «oy  Write 

-jp-  <7/ee  Words 

Bring  a  pen  and  ink  slab. 

Jf^  neein      Bring 
^  hut         Pen 

gg  mo<  I  Ink 

^  yee/i  I  Slab 
^  lo-e       Come 

Rob  me  some  ink. 

^  more  Rub 

^  deet  Little 

^  "io<  Ink 

^  n^rtw  Me 


36 

Handkerchier. 

■^  ^tg-oo    (cl) 
^-  sow        Hand 
fjj   ^-M//        Niipkin  j 

Trousers. 

1^  /ee-oo  1  (cl) 
1^  /oo      i  Pants 

|^|5  deem      To  light 
Lamp. 

■^  I  Classifier  for 

(  lamps 
'J^  ''""        Lamp 

Candle, 
tfe^  /arp    j  Wax 
'Jt^  chook  \  Candle 

Lantern. 

■^  50W     I  Hand 
'J^  dun     \  Lamp 

^  kup        And 

P^  vwoo-e  Can 

Needle. 
H^  n^ar» )  Eye 
-01"  c/(M»H  I  Needle 

What. 
^  mot      j  What 
^  yea     \  Thing 


LESSON  XIX. 

Pencil. 
^  ^/>i      j  Lead 
W^  but      I  Pencil 

^  »(o<        Ink 
Ink  slab. 


;/( 


-^  c/iee 


ot     j  Ink 


Slab 
Characters. 


words 

^  SO)/         Write 

Pen  knife. 
y]  douyh  I  Knife 
f?  j^y^     '  Little 
Scissors. 


Hy  cheen  \  Cut 


^  cheen 


gow     I  Hinge 
Cut 

(  Cut    with    a 
(  knife 

To   cut  with 
scissors 

Pin. 
^  die         Big 
^  tow         Head 
-^  cAh/tj     Needle 

If^  seen       Thread 


[U  mean    Face 
^  cliee      Place 

Do  you  want  beer? 
^-  ye-oo    Wiiut 


chow 


Beer 


P§  utig  Not 

^-  ye-oo  Waut 

No,  I  like  soda  water. 

P§-  i(»(7  Not 

^^  i/e-oo  Waut 

^  iigaw  I 

F|?  cA«»5f  Middle 

^  ye  Miod 


Like 


o 
Holland  |  i' 


soo-e 


Water 


Take  off  your  clothes. 
1^  chee      Take  off 


/OO/.: 


Clothes 


35 

i]jg  Hio       Hat 

Bring  me  a  large  hair  brush. 

ig  7ieem    Bring 
— ■  yot        I 
IS  ko        (cl) 


^  die        Big 


1^  char     Brush 
Head 
so         Sweep 


^  /o-c      Come 
^  rigaic    Me 

Please  give  it  to  me. 

g^  (7/u)i     Please 
i^  i^oy      You 

'f^  ?'a?/       Give 
J^  quo  re    To 

Here  it  is  on  the  table. 

Pfl  /^?^///     At 
;|:^  (oe-e     Table 


3^  sririii 


Coat 


i(f  /,0 

Good 

Get  my  shoes  and  clothes. 

^  ?)e(;»i 

Bring 

JJi  "S-aw 

My 

^.J  Joii.r/h- 

e]  Pair 

^t  /">/' 

)  Shoe 

;^  «';> 

And 

Clothes 

^  /o-e 

Come 

That  is  a  bad  coat. 


■ff  lee  I 


^^  sarrn 


That 
Coat 


Not 
Good 


Put  on  your  hat. 
(He  Put  ou 

Your 


t^,    chi'c,   place  is  oltea  added  to  the  end  of  a  sentence  indicating  locality;  eg 

^mi  tO    ChI    l^i     '".^■''  '"^'^  JneaH  chee  literally  at  table  face  place  i.  e.  is  it  is  ou  the  table. 
There   are   many  words  in  ('liiucse  which  are  phonetic  attempts  to  represent  the  sound  of  foreign 
words  —  thus    |l/jn  3^E    car  fmj  become  coffee;    |I/jn   PJg  Mr  Ice  becomes  curry;    pjaj   ^^   hay  chow 
becomes  beer  wine  i.e.  beer;  such  words  are  in  common  use  among  servants  hence  they  are  incorporated 
in  these  lessons. 


-?C    rM,    yc  foolc  means  clothes  generally; 
means  the  coat,  nnd  the  visible  jiarts  of  a  suit. 


#i 


'^    to    keen  sarm    that   (classifier)    coat 
f  =  Phonetic. 


•Jli  "<7""' 

My 

^^J  tlough-i 

jPair 

Ifi  /">/' 

i  Shoes 

Where 

is  my  hat? 

^    »l^rt!0 

My 

jJI  ilaiie 

1  '— * 

Hat 

»[Jjj    ?/iO 

' 

n^  high 

At 

j^  bean 
^  chee 

j  Where 

It  is  on 

the  dresser. 

^  jo-e 

At 

it  5'«'« 

\  Looking 

[il  HiCaH 

'  glass 

jg  c/,.. 

Place 

Pat  away  my  coat. 

j  Put  away 

JJ^    JiiTrtiO 

My 

fj:  /[•<■«) 

Coat 

^  sarm 

I  want  to  put  on  clothes. 

^  ye-oo 

Want 

^  jay-uck 

Put  ou 

Wifook 

Clothes 

These  are 

good  coats. 

Vji  nay       | 
^^  deel      1 

These 

34 

Soda  water 

Cap  or  hat. 

^^                  Holhuul  ' 

X^  </««      /  Top 
iiFjf  mo          Head 

^  soo-e       Water 

I 
I 

Table  napkin. 

To  pat  on  clothes. 

^  tay-oo     (cl)            j 

!    ^g  jay-uck   Put  on 

^  char        Tea 

nn    .    ,      1  Clothes 

rj;J    kun          Napkiu     ) 

Where  is  the  comb? 

To  put  on  a  hat. 

^  sore         Comb 

^  die           Put  on 

V^  high         At 

tM  '""        '  ^  ^'^^ 

^  bean         Edge  )    ^ 
^  chee         Place  )    ^ 

11=  dut         To  be  able 

Brush  my  shoes. 

fl  Inn          Can 

j^  chart       Bru.sh 

To  pass  oyer 

^  ngaw        My 

j^  quo  re    l(asiguofthe 

^J  dough-e  Pair 

1  past  tense) 

$|l  /(!(//(        Shoes 

Looking  glass. 

Bring  my  slippers. 

\^  mean     1  Face 

^  ?iet'/«       Bring 
^  ?(^aw       Me 

§^  g(nn      \  Glass 

^.J  dough-e  Pair 

■ija  sag-iiiig  Box 

^  '"'•<       1 

^  jam         Sii]»[iers 

Stick. 

II  high 

m  bean     j  Wiiip 

^  lo-e         Come 

;jf  i-oni     1  Stick 

Pat  away  my  shoes. 

Beer. 

^  chege        Put 

Pif.  ^'"^      )  Beer  + 

^  my           Away 

V|§  chow    1  Wine 

g  siit      Ice 
W-  more    ? 

No,  I  have  not  (any)  ice 
1  have  a  peo. 


^ 


No 


^  ngmv  I 
Iri  1110       Not 
^il  silt       Ice 


^  "^rt'w  I 
'^  yoiv      Have 
^:  ?'«<       Peu 


33 

Bow  many  books  have  you? 

f/J^  "«y       You 
y^  yow       Have 

^  /i-«3/       How 
^  dough    Mauy 


Z;o  Volume  j    Cd 

!   ° 

«/»/       Book      J    i=r 


Have  you  much  ice? 
'f^  91  ay       You 
^3  yow       Have 

iff  /'o 


Good 


^  dough    Mauy 


Much 


|ig  loiv 
i^  ham 


Floor 


Don't  tell  that  man  to  come. 


Pa  "".'7 
jifho 

n4  %-oo  Call 


Do  uot 


ho 
M  ko 


That 
(cl) 
Mau 
Come 


HBf  y^    w/iar  gee,    say-know,  meaning    to    tell    is    emjiloyed   only   when   that  wovJ  {/o  icll)  is 
intended  to  he  used  iu  a  non  imperative  sense. 

Tlie  ^g  Iiai/  in  ^g  ^^  rfay  duuijlt,  how  many  is  literally  a  /cw  or  several.  The  two  words  in 
conjunction  arc,  however  not  always  used  in  an  interrogative  sense  hut  sometimes  answer  to  "u  certain 
number";  e.g.    3v   /^    y^-   ^.    ?;y(/ii)  mo  /-ay  dough,  I  not  how  many  meaning  1  have  nol  many. 


Slippers. 

;^  tarl 

To  flog 

#  i«'-» 

Heel 

II  hu,h 

Shoe 

k  pair 

of  boots. 

— ■  yoi 

Que 

^J   dough-c 

Pair 

m  hair 

Boots 

To  take  off. 

^  chec         Take  off  j 

or  ) 

flg:  m          Take  off) 


Clothes. 


;^  ye  Clothes 

^  fooh     )  Apparel 


Coat. 


■(^  /(■««)!      )  A  piece 
^t^  «a?'Hi     I  Shirt 

A  pair  of  shoes. 


— ■  yot  Oue 

gij"  dough-e  Pair 
^H  /«'(//(         Shoe 


LESSON  XVIII. 
5i^  sore        Comb 


^^  chart      To  brush 


;^  fawng\  Put 
^  /w!/      j  Up 

^  (/u;         To  put  ou 

Put  away. 
i|^  soio      I  To  take 

;^  ??;^       1  Lay  by 

or 
^  cheye    )  To  put 

i^  my       j  Lay  by 


32 


n^  Innh  At 


Where 


1^  f/iee 

Hji  nay  ? 

How  many  tables  have  you? 


/^  yoio 


Vou 
Have 


^g  kay  How 

^  </oM^A       Many 
S^  chay-ung  (cl) 
t^  /oe-e        Table 
^  wa^^  ? 

I  have  not  many. 

^   «J?rtW  I 

\\  mo  Not 

^  kay  How 

^  (/ou^/i       Mauy 


>'^ 


/ooi 


Only  six. 
Six 


5S  fhay-u„g  (cl) 
B#  ie<  Only 

Call  the  Goolie  to  sweep 
the  floor. 


B4  %-oo       Call 
Coolie 


•^  quoou 
jg   'leein 
^  so 


j^  j/ce       Paper 
^  lo-e     Come 

Give  me  pen  and  ink. 

j^  /'</y      Give 
^  i«<      Pea 


"(^  /^fy  Give 

^  wo<  Ink       I 

"^  soo-e  Water  I 

^  nqato  Me 


luk 


o 

o 
IT 


Sweep 


Have  you  a  book? 

fy\  jjrty      You 
>^  yow     Have 

— ■  yot  One 

qj5  /w  Volume 

^  s//!7  Book 

^^  wo  ? 

Get  a  clothes  brush. 
^^  Hn?(     Bring 
^  j/e     I  Clothes 
;j^  t7i«r/|  Brush 
^  /o-e     Come 

Where  is  that  hair  brush? 

Pfig  ^0  That 

j®  X-o  (cl) 

^  low  I  Head 

1^  so  I  Brush 


^M  I'f'oi 


xz. 


JM,  ''/icf 


Where 


He  is  downstairs, 
jg  ko-e       He 


P^  hiyh 
f\  har 
^  die 


At 
Downstairs 


Tell  him  to  come  here. 

H4  key-oo    Call 

jg  ko-e  Him 

^  /o-e  Come 

^/S  ""2/  This 

^  chee  Place   ' 

Bring  a  broom. 

J^  nun  Bring 


Here 


')ar 

fO 


^lo-, 


Broom 


Come 

Sweep  the  floor. 

^  so  Sweep 

f^  low         Building 
^  barn       Lumber 


o 

o 


Tell  the  coolie  to  bring  paper. 

^key-oo    Call 
'^  quoou 


)^  deem 


House  coolie 


31 

is  («/)   tie  mail's  place     [g}    -^    PjjS  ^«      71     [^    mM;2   ^)Ooa    //jy/(    narm    i/un    dice   literally  face 
basin  at  male  jierson  place. 

The  past  participle  is  formed  by  the  addition  of  ^ra  qiiore  or  PS  he-oo,  each  being  a  sign  of 
the  past  tense:  thus  to  go  lAl.  hoo-e  becomes  gone  when  lie-oo  or  quore  is  sullised.  "T*.  ^S  hoo-e 
quore  or  -J-  MS  //oo-e  /(t-oo,  gone;  the  past  form  is  often  however  dispensed  with  in  actual  practice, 
the  context  being  deemed  sufficient  to  shew  that  it  is  implied. 


50 


I  want  fifty  cTiairs 

Jp  iigaw  I 

^.  ye-oo  Waut 

H.  ung  (5) 

-p  sup  (10) 
^  chay-ung  (cl) 

;j^  ye  Chairs 

Fourteen  men  and  six  women. 
-f-  sup  (10) 


U 


Ay 


y^ 


look 
A  2/"" 


(4) 
(cl) 
Male 
Persons 

6 

(cl) 

Female 

Persou 


Where  is  ttat  cook? 

nfia  ko  That 

i^  ko  (cl) 


ll  /"■.'//' 


Cook 
At 


Floor. 

1^  /oi«    j  Buildiug 


;^^  ham  \  Lumber 
Pen. 


^  gee 


(cl)  of  loug 

things 

Pen 

Ink. 
^  mot  I  Ink 
;;JC  soo-el  Water 

1^  gee       Paper 

Book. 
^  ;;o      I  Volume 
^  sAm    I  Book 
To  use. 
ffl  yuugj  To   use 
'^  <{/(//(  '  To  use 

1^   tung    With 
Tea  pot. 
1^  char  1  Tea 
^  vit'oo  1  Pot 

Water  bottle. 
1[}C  «oo-^    Water 
5§.  cAmk     Bottle 


LESSON  XVII. 


12 


20 


50 


-[-  sup         10 

r.ye      2 

-|^  «!</?        20 

-|^  «?//)         10 

How  many, 
^g  A-a^  How 
^  dough  I  Much 

^  dough  Much 
Hair  brusL. 
J^  c/irtrf  Brush 
fl^  ^oi«  Head 
i^  so  Sweep 

Clothes  brush. 
:^  ye  Clothes 

j[&  chart     Brush 

Broom. 
:j^  so        I  Sweep 
fll  bar      )  Bundle 

^  so  Sweep 


30 


jt.  say-utuj  Up 
^IJ  lo-e         Come 

That  cook  is  down  stairs 


ko  That 

10  ^0  (cl) 

IJ^  for  Fire 


~fi  har 


Head 


iCook 


At 
Dowustairs 


Eigbt  men  eleven  women. 
A  fxirt         Eigbt 

^  norm     |  Male 
y^  f/un       \  Person 


11 


-|-  sup 

(10)1 

yot 

(1)  1 

10  Jco 

(cl) 

Jt^  no-e 

1  Female 

A  3/"« 

1  Person 

Yonr  ice  is  very  bad. 
You 


^  sxit 


That 

Ice 

(10) 
(part) 

Not 
Good 


< 
Bad 


Don't  bring  any  wine. 
Dou't 


Bring 

Wine 
Come 


Call  the  man  npstairs. 

fl4  key-oo  Call 

pf^^o  That 

1g  A-o  (cl) 

y^  yun  Mau 


Bring  me  eleven  tea  cups. 
JS.  ?("/(  Bring 


— •  .yi)' 

^^  6oo-e 
^  lo-c 


(10)  I 

(1)     I 
(cl) 
Tea 
Cup 

Come 
Me 


11 


Pat  nine  chairs  inside. 
^  fawn  [I        Put 
^L  goio  Nine 

5M  <f'ay-uvg]  (cl) 
Chair 


1#y« 


Inside 


That  will  do  thank  yoo. 
^  _r/o)»  Enough 

tig-  lar 


Pg-  M»<7 

Not       )^ 

^  A-o-e 

Deserve)  ^ 

00 

^are 

jH-  ^0,  good,  is  frequently  prefijcd  to  adjectives  to  express  ctry ;  e. »    ^+  -^  ^orfiV,  very  large. 

The  plural  forms  of  ^^m  aod  l/ia(  pB  r/j^  «rjy  rfee/  and  pfljfl  P6»f  ''<'  '/c«'  arc  frequently  used 
when  speaking  of  liquids,  or  with  words  which  take  no  distinction  of  number,  such  as  weather,  etc. 

The  word  call  and  /ell  (order)  are  expressed  by  the  same  word  in  Chinese  e  q.  H-H-  J^  key-oo 
ko-e    is    either   call    him    or    tell    him.    A    distinction    is    sometimes    made    by   the    use    of  the  words 

nP  IP  ^S    K'^'"'  ^■"■^  lane,  tell  him  hear  signifying  tdl  him. 

The  verb  to  have  is  sometimes  expressed  by  inverting  the  sentence  and  placing  the  nominative 
between  the  words    P'K    hiyh,  at  and    ^^    chee,    place  e.  g.  the  man  has  the  basin  becomes  (he  basin 


29 


^  quoon  Goveru  O 
j^  c/fff??*  Shop  )  ^ 
^  /o-e        Come 

Call  the  chair  coolie. 
B4  key-oo    Call 


;fg  ?oe-e 


^  %-oo 


Carry 

Sedan 

chair 

Common 

man 

Come 


O 


Don't  bring  the  tea 
tj^  <ny 


nun 
ko 
^^  (hel 
^^   rliar 


Don't 
Bring 

JThat 

Tea 
Come 


Put  the  large  basin  on 
the  table. 

^  fatong    Put 
Pjig  ko         That 

iia  /^-o  (el) 

"^  die  Big 

^  ??iea??  Face 

^  pooj)  Basin 

:^  ;o-fc'        On 
^^  ;o(?-fi       Table 
r.  say-uiuj  Up 


Bad. 

P§-  !«!)(;         j  Not 
^  ho  \  Good 

Where  is  the  cook? 
^  /or  Fire 


e.    Pf|%A 


-'JM 


Head 
At 

Where 
? 


Cook 


He  is  upstairs, 
"fg  ;to-e  He 

Pj;^  /u>A         At 

.  \  Upstairs 

r    say-nng  i 

Where  is  that  man? 

That 

(cl) 

Man 


ko 

A  ^"" 
p^  /«'^A 

^  nay 


At 
Where 

? 


He  is  gone  to  call  the 
house  coolie. 

"fg  ko-e  He 

•^  /joo-c         Go 
Bi|-  ^Y'7/-oo       Call 


Gone. 

■^  /loo-e      Go  (away) 
Sign  of  past; 

ise 


7(  Sig' 
lee-oo  \ 
(  tens 


To  go  away. 

•^  /(oo-e  ]  Go  (away) 

That  will  do  sufficient. 

-^  gow      I  Enough 

Sufficient. 
^  jo  To  do 

:^  f/u<         To  get 

Very. 

-p  s!i;>      I  10 
;^  fuv      j  Part 


^  io-c 


or 
Very 


Thanks. 

P§  iu/(/      j  Not 
^  Z:o-e     I  Deserve 

Please. 

^  </o)(,9/(  1  Much 
^  /aj-H    j  Trouble 


pm  f/i»?i       Please 


PJit 


»n// 


Don't 


Take  the  ice  and  wine 
downstairs. 

^  7)un    Bring 
^k.  sUt     Ice 


P^  high 
~J\  hiir 
]^.  die 


28 
(It)  is  downstairs. 
At 
Dowustairs 


j^  nun    Briug 
Vpy  chow  Wiue 


•^  hoo-e  Go 
~R  har 


ili, 


Downstairs 


Bring  the  tea  upstairs. 

;|^^  nun  Bring 

^>  char         Tea 
r    Sdjj-unq  Up 
^  /o-e  Come 


Put  it  on  the  large  table. 

^  fawn;!  Put 

">0E  >-«  At 

^  (/i'e  Big 

1^  <oe-<;  Table 

jjU  »«en?i  Face 

(They)  are  upstairs. 

P^  /"i//<  At 


saj-ttng 


Upstairs 


The  words  for  sfaira  in  down-stairs,  up  stairs,  is  properly  a  story  —  stairs  arc  |)q  j^  y«y  <•«/>, 
step-grade. 

?r^o,    icheH,    tchere   and    similar    words    do    not    usually   require    nn   iuterrogative    particle   (such 

ly^  [|3p  A\  na;/,  may,  mo)  but  the  rule  is  not  invariable. 

The  word  ^S)  bean,  is  literally  edge,  side  or  place  but  in  interrogative  adverbs  it  answers  to 
telio,  w/iich  or  ic>iat\  eq    ^^  J^    i^an  dee,  edge  place,  what  place  (that  is  w/iere?) 

To  bring,  when  used  ol'  any  article  taken  between  the  finger  and  thumb  is  TJiJ  neem,  to  bring  — 
is.    nitit,  bring  and    Jg    neem,  may  be   used  interchangeably. 

With  certain  words  upon  is  eipressed  by  ^S  mean,  face  —  thus  itpon  the  table  fg  ^^  ioe-e 
mean,  table  face  or  upon  the  table  —  thus  upon  the  ships  deck  is  ^^  ^  *««  wt<i«,  shi[is  face  or 
upon  the  ships  deck. 


Chair  coolie. 


^  key-oo  I  Sedan  chair      ^  ^,,„   |  p 
;^  /oo        i  Adult 


House  coolie. 

^  quoon   I  Govern 
J^  deem     \  Shop 

B^  %-oo    To  call 


I  Female. 

I   ^  no-e  I  Female 
erson 
Cook. 
'X  for    j  Fire 
g^  toio    \  Head 

Chair  coolie. 

^§;  toe-e    Carry 
!J^^<!.(/-oo  Sedan  chair 


LESSON  XVI. 
/V  ftrtW    Eight 
^  jfozo     Nine 
-|-  sup     Ten 

'        ^  Eleven 

— •  ijot      1     ) 

Male. 
^  narmlMaXe 


f^  /o         Common  man  I      ^  ywn   I  Person 


27 


Vj^  nay 

^  cliee 


This 

Plate* 


>Here 


M  I 


Have  you  any  tea? 
f^  ^lay  You 

^  yow  Have 

-^  c/(rtr  Tea 

!^  ?no  ? 

Where  is  our  table? 


naaw 


Our 


Pfif  ho  That 

5^  chay-uiiij  (cl) 
^^  /ot'-e  Table 


?2£. 


high 

bean 


)M  ch 


'ice 


At 

Where 


Where  shall  1  put  it? 
(Where  had  I  better  put  it). 


j^  fawmj 
^  p-e 
^g  bean 
^  dice 
ij[fho 


Put 

At 

Where 
Good 


Take  that  wine  away. 
Jal  nun  Take 

^^  dect         ) 

V@  choio         Wine 

■^  //()()-('        Go 


ay 


Inside 


That  ice  is  ours. 


^i}  deet 


That 

Ice 

Is 

Ours 


This  table  is  mine. 

^  71^3/  This 

Bg  cliay-ung  (cl) 
^^  /oe-e         Table 


Mine 


1^  /«>/*  Is 

Where  is  my  tea  cupp 
^g  ngaw         I  or  my 


jate 


(cl) 
Tea 
Cup 


ij>^  ioo-e 
PJI  high 

Here  it  is. 

Pfl  /«>/i         At 


At 
Where 


That 


Where  is  that  good  wine. 

Rf@  ho 

^^  deet 

^  ho       Good 

ffi  c/io?«  Wine 


f^  /«>A    Is 
2^  iecf?i    Edge  ) 


^  c/(fe    Place  ) 


Whi 


ere 


It  is  on  the  large  table. 
P%  high    At 
■^  die      Big 
^^  toe-e   Table 
^  nie.xn  Face 


The  ice  is  beneath  the  table. 

ko 
\i}  deet. 
5  siit      Ice 


That 


^  io-f     At 
;j!^  toe-e   Table 
~y»  har 


Below        re 
Beneath  I  i- 


That  ice  is  in  the  basin. 


That 


Pfi  ho 
^^  deet  : 
^J<  ;<(«(     Ice 

P^  /ii^/t    In   or  at 
PJ  merof  Face 
^  poo)i  Basiu 


I  have  3  plates  and  4  knives. 


ypf  1/0  IP 

^—  sarin 
%  jate 


I 
Have 

Three 

(cl) 

Plate 


ptj  see  Four 

5^  cluuj-ung  (cl) 
^  dough       Knife 

Bring  me  a  chair. 

:|j|j  weem         Bring 
— •  yot  One 

5^  c^ay-MH9|(cl) 
;(:^  ye  |  Chair 

>5|5  /o-e  Come 

I  want  two  chairs. 

^  ngaw         I  or  me 
^  ije-oo        Want 
^  lay-uiig     Two 
5^  c/iay-Mn(7((cl) 
;jf  -/<?  )  Chair 


26 
Outside. 


^p  7i-go-e 


Outsiile 
Eilse 


Take  away. 

Take    or 


^"  j      bring 

-^  /ioo-c     I  Away 


mi 


boon 


Movt 


-^  hoo-e      I  Away 

1  want  one  basin  two  towels 
and  one  tumbler. 


^  ye-oo 

j^  mean 
^  ;)oo/i 

^-  sow 

r|j    /:un 


I 
Want 

One 
(cl) 
Face 
Basin 

Two 
(cl) 
Hand 
Napkin 


There  are  no  good  spoons.      ^  yow  And 


>|J    7no 
Jll  chee 


Not 
Good 
Key 
Spoou 


^    <Oc-f 

fcvvi/l 


Tabl.' 
Ice 


Upstairs. 


loio         I  Building 


_t  say-ung]  Up 
Downstairs. 

1'^  low        I  Building 
~|\  har        ]  Down 

Downstairs. 

J[^  die         I  Beneath 
~f\  har        )  Below 

There. 

P(@  /to         I  That 
^  f/itv        I  Place 

Where. 


bean 
chee 


Edge 
Place 


To  enter. 
^  yop  In,  to  go  in 

Within. 
^<g  /o;y         \  Within 


Si  ^ow 


Head 


f>T3 

li 


— •  yot 

i^ko 
jjC  «oo-e 
^^  boo-e 


One 
(cl) 
Water 
Cup 


Inside. 
fg  lay         I  Within 


bean 


Edge 


25 


No,  it  is  his  good  plate. 

Is  tbat  his  bad  basin? 

That  wine  (is)  bad. 

p§-  u)ig         Not 
'^  Jdgli.         Is 

*  '■"    1  That 

^^  deet  ) 

Pf@  ko     ) 

r            That 

^^  deet  i 

a  high       Is 

^  A,>/.    Is 

•^  e/iow   Wine 

jg  Ao-e         His 

p§-  i«y     Not 

^  jaie{c\) 

^           >  His 

j{jp  /lo       Good 

M  ho 

Good 

P|t  /^«^   ' 

Plate 

P§-  M»0       Not     ) 

This  tea  (is)  good. 

Very 

well. 

"       ^                 Bad 
$f  7(0       Good  ( 

P^  ineah\ 

j^  ho           Gooil 

>  Basin 

^  f/wr    Tea 

#J  l^nj 

• 

P^   77!  a^     ? 

^^  ho        Good 

Possessives  are  formed  from  nouns  and  jiersonal  pronouns  W  the  addition  of  PBF  kay  —  sign  of 
possessive  case  —  but  in  every-day  speech  no  distinction  is  observed  between  the  nominative  and 
]iossessive  e.  g  :  JJjj  "^^  V^  ngaio  jate  deep  I  (classilicr)  plate,  i.  e  my  plate;  there  is  no  distinction 
of  gender. 

)^,  cJiee,  place  is  sometimes  used  by  itself  to  express  here  more  especially  when  it  means  merely 
iti  place. 

The  verb  to  he  may  be  omitted  if  \\-  jo-e,  to  be,  be  used;  unless  it  be  desiredto  emphasize  the 
fact  of  a  thing  being  in  a  given  situation. 

The  plurals  of  o«r,   ^foiir,  their  are  formed  by  adding    Pj^ffl    day. 

The    plural    of    nouns    are    formed    by    altering  the  classiHers  to    pPvT    ^f^*^^  —  ^'S"  ot'  possessive 
case  —  thus     D/g^  llg     71    nay  ko  yim  —  this  (classitier)  man  —  becomes  in  the  plural    D/g^   H>|      TV 
nay  deet  yun,  these  men. 

The  possessive  form  of  pronouns  is  seldom  used  in  practice;  thus  instead  of  Jt  PW  •^g  Sffi 
iiyaii)  kay  jaie  deep,  my  (classifier)  plate  ^PG  •^S-  /Ctf;  uyaw  jalc  deep  — I  (classilii'i)  plate  —  is  the 
more  usual  way  of  eiprcssing  my. 

Pfl*  lar  is  frequently  added  at  the  end  of  a  sentence  for  harmony. 

And,  as  a  copulative  for  substantive  (rendered  by  "H".  kooiiy  and  T^  cap)  is  not  of  very  frequent 
use  and  will  not  be  translated  in  the  first  few  lessons. 


^  look  Six 
-^  chiit  Seveu 
;j^  ye      Chair 


^—  sarm  Three 
ptj  see       Four 
3£  uiig     Five 


LESSON  XV. 
— '  yot  One 
Z^  ye     Two 


24 


O-i' 


Vji  'Kit/ 

w  o-c 


Not 

Waut 

? 

No! 

Not 
Want 


1  want  a  basin,  a  towel 
(and)  a  spoon. 

Pi  "<J"ie       I 

©^  o-c  Want 


^  poo// 
^  mean 

rj7  ^"'i 


«<"«  (cl) 
karn 


These  basins  are  large. 
9j^  i,ay 


^  mead 
3^  pooH 


Basiu 


Towel 


Spoou 


This 


Basin 


Big 


These  forks  are  small. 
i  >Kiy         This 

:1)^ 

Fork 

Small 


^  -to  (cl) 


We  (are)  above. 
>  We 

^  yo-f      At 


Above 


(And)  they  (are)  below. 


wo-e 
P>tjl  '/<'// 
^  jo-e 
y\  har 


They 

At 

Below 


our 


Tears  (are)  above. 
f^J   nay 

^  ;Ve         At 
_^  >  Above 

Mine  (are)  below. 

"IE  f% 

^  jo-e 
\\   liar 

Iff!    ^'6' 


Miue 

At 

Below 


Do  yoQ  want  tea? 

f;5>  >'('y         You 
^  o-e  Waut 

2K  c/iar        Tea 


Is  that  his? 

mi^o 

^  licet 

#  /'¥' 
"IE  ^-"^ 


That 
Is 
His 
? 


It  is  mine? 
#  /"///'         Is 


Mine 


It  is  bis. 
Is 

His 


fg  /.o-c 

p|E  % 

These  (are)  yours 

"IE  % 


Th 


ese 


Yours 


It  is  above. 

^  ;o-f  At 

r  suij-uiig  Above 

It  is  below. 
^  _;o-e         At 

...  J  Below 

!^.  'lie 


23 


A  good  basin. 

^  ho         Good 

^  inecm  ) 

>  Basin 

Have  you  the  basin  (and)  towel. 
'f^  nay       You 
/^  yow      Have 

P5  j?i('a?i 


Get  a  tea  cup  and  sugar. 

f^  iieem        Bring 
^  c/ior         Tea 
if^\  huo-e        Cup 


^  poon 


Basin 


fj]    ^ 


mean 


Towel 


un 
mo        ? 


Put  the  towel  in  the  basin. 
^  fawng  Put 


v(t;i 


rjj  ^ 

^  Jo-c       At 
^  meow 


Towel 


;  poon 


Basin 


^  cliee      Place 

I  have  a  wine  glass  (and) 
tumbler. 

^  ngaw    I 
^  yow      Have 

V^  cAow     Wine 

;|}^  ioo-c  Cup 

"^  soo-i;     Water 
7^^  boo'f    Cup 


Jff^  lu'cin 

^   bcirt 

Wi  ^awiig 

^  /o-e         Come 


Bring 
Sugar 


My  knife  your  fork  (and) 
his  plate. 

^  ■ngaw  My 
5^  c/iay-uiig  (el) 
_7/  '/o«,9A       Kuife 

'fy^t  nay  Your 

^J^  i/'''-  (cl)  )  ^    , 


fg  f^-o-e         His 
^  ia/c  (cl) 


Plato 


This  is  good  water  (but) 
bad  tea. 


UJ  ho 


Good 
e        Water 


Pa  "".9         Not 
j^  ho  Goo(i 


Go  there  (and)  bring  a 
large  fork. 


•^  hoo-c    Go 


There 


^  jjccOT  Briug 

^^  ^ee  (cl) 

/^  die  Big 

3^  rhar  Fork 

^  /o-e  Come 

Go  there  (and)  bring  me  a 
large  fork. 


-^  hoo-e    Go 


chee 


There 


^  iieem  Bring 

;J5^  .9^e  (cl) 

^  die  Big 

^  char  Fork 

5J<J  /o-c      Come 
^  j(<7((w    Me 

Put  the  tea  there. 

^  fawng  Put 

^  cArtr     Tea 

lifts  Xo      , 

^  \  There 


22 


ifes  nnd  no  nrc  ciprcsscil  by  ihe  verb  to  he,  joined  in  the  cnsc  of  no,  lo  n  negative  [inrticle. 

Adjectives  precede  the  substantives  they  qualify  as  in  English. 
DB    PH»J  "fly  ikcl,  this  and    'fffl  |l|[|»J  lo  ileet,  tlial,  though  ]>ro[ierly  |dural  forms,  arc  used  (oTiliia 
Bud  tfiiit  before  words  signifying  fluids,  or  matter  consisting  of  small  jiarticU'S  such  ns  sand,  dust.  Hour 
etc.  and  occasionally  before  other  words. 

§  (V  s  )  vide  supra  =  see  explanation  already  given. 


Here. 

^  nay        (This 
^  chcc        i  Place 

There. 
Pj@  ko         (That 
^  chee       (Place 

Above  or  upon. 

_t.  say-ung\\]^ 
^  go  I  High 

Below  or  beneath. 
~fC  har        (Below 


tgAo- 


I  Ho,    him,  she, 


die 


'Bottom  base 


At. 


ifiE  i'>'' 


At  or  on 


Come  here,  bring  my  towel. 
^  lo-e         Come 


^  nay 

Here 

;^  nun 

Briug 

^  njraw 

Me 

^  mean 

.Towel 

^  /c-e 

Come 

I  or  it 

"^^  nay     You 
Tour. 
f^  woy  I  You 
Pgf  %  I  (v.  s.) 

His. 

•fg  ito-e  (  He 

^U  W  '  (^-  S-) 
We. 

^    7i(7<lW   I 

I  Sign  of  the 

P^ffi  day  possessive 

I         case 
Our  or  ours. 

^  ?((7a!r  I 

PitJi  rf«y  (v.  s.) 

Pf^  ^ay  (v.  s.) 

Come. 

If^  //-■         Come  ) 

or  — 

^  /o-t!      Come 

■^  hoo-e    Go 

^  fawng  Put 


P|f  /"' 


LESSON  XIV. 

NB.  Read  foot-notes  firsl. 

^  /io       Good 

Bad. 

p§-  i()-(7    (Not 
^  /(o      iGood 

Very  well. 
^  /io       Good 

iTermiuative 
'particle 

Basin. 
P0  77)  <'a  71 1  Face 
^  />oo»  i  Basin 

Towel. 
^  )/it'rt7)|Face 
fjj   kun    iNapkiu 

^  7)r/a(r  I,  my,  me 

Mine. 
^   7(_r;(7((!  I 

j  Particle  of 
''n^  ^'"Z/      possessive 
case 


■jale{c\)) 

ppOOQ 

'  karii      I 


This  fork. 
\if^  nail        This 

^  char       ) 


That  tea  cup. 

T   !~ 

ii  ko         ) 
-^  char       Tea 

;p^  600-c    Cup 


It  is  not  a  tea  cup  it  is 


21 
A  small  spoon. 


^HJ  sigh         Small 
^  ^ee  (cl) ; 
8g  ham 


Spoou 


No  I  have  not  a  wine  glass 
I  have  a  tumbler. 


^ 
^ 


mo 


No 

Not 

Wiue 

Cup 


a 

tumbler. 

Pg-  ?«<.(7 

Not 

ii  Z"'^/' 

Is 

^  char 

Tea 

^  ^oo-e 

Cup 

li  /«^A 

Is 

pjC  »'oo-e 

Water 

^5^  ioo-e 

Cup 

^  hoo 


OIU 

soo-e 
e 


Have 

Water 
Cup 

This  plate. 
Vj^  nay        This 

^  ;■«'<-' (cl)i 

^  deep      i 

That  spooD. 

'  ko  That 


Plate 


Wiue 


"TJ    'no 

Not 

n^g  a/i 

? 

Are 

these  tea? 

^  nay 

1  These 

ii  /">A 

Are 

^    c/lfTJ' 

Tea 

P^    "l«i/ 

? 

Yes  - 

—  it  is  tea 

M  ^»>^' 

Yes 

#  /«-^A 

Is 

-fes.  (7i(3r 

Tea 

A  big  fork. 


i^  die         Big 

^  yee  (cl) 


Fork 


3^  ''/wr 

It  is  customary,  in  speaking  of  material  objects  to  precede  them  with  a  numeral  expressing  the 
exact  number  of  objects  intended.  —  The  use  of  the  Indefinite  Article  is  thus  superseded,  —  Between 
the  numeral  and  the  noun,  an  appropriate  word  called  a  CLASSIFIER  is  introduced;  this  word  is  of  a 
generic  character,  that  is,  it  is  applied  to  a  certain  class  of  objects  supposed  in  some  respects  to  be 
AN.\LAGOUS.  In  the  English  language  the  words,  length,  piece,  and  slice,  etc.  are  similarly  used  —  as 
a  length  of  rope  —  piece  of  business  —   etc.  ■ — 

Thus  in  Chinese  ihe  word  Tw  ijee  meaning  a  branch,  is  applied  to  pens,  candles,  whips,  and  other 

straight    things,    e.g.    ■  T«?  -^Bt.    yol  gee  but   —   one    (classifier)  pen,    •  /^^  jffe   mj    'jot  gee 

mar    bean  —  one  (classifier)  horse  whip. 

The  adjective  comes  between  the  classifier  and  its  noun,  thus  •  Tn5  "T^  -^s  ijot  gee  die  but  — 

one  (classifier)  big  pen. 

IN  ALL  LESSONS  CL\SSI11ERS  ARE  INDICATED  BY  (CL).  For  a  complete  list  of  classifiers 
see  subsequent  pages. 


20 


^  char        Tea 
1^  hoo-e       Cup 

1  bave  wiDe. 

^    (iprtW         I 

^  yow         Have 
Y@  c/(OW        Wine 

I  bave  no  wine  glass. 

^  ngaio       I 
^  wo  Not 

YJ§  f/iOio        Wine 
>py  boo-e      Cup 

Tbis  is  a  tumbler. 

._  Mills 

1®  i-o  (cl)  ) 

%  /«-</A        Is 

^  *oo-e       Water 

^^  6oo-c       Cup 


Those 


Tbose  are  wine  glasses. 

^  (leet 

-^  high  Are 

f@  choia  Wiue 

^^  6oo-t'  Cup 

Have  yoa  any  wine. 
■^  «ay  You 

^  yo«7         Have 


Give  me  6  knives. 
bay  Give 


y> 


look 


6 


^  c/io_(/-«m/j(cl) 
^  dough      iKuives 
^  Hgraw         Me 

Ton  bave  7  forks  and  7  spoons, 
"f^  jmy  You 


-b  chut 

;^  see 
58  /cam 


Have 

7 

|(cl) 
(Forks 

Have 

7 

(cl) 

Key 

Spoou 


►a 
o 

o 


It  is  wine. 
m  high  Is 


choi 


Wine 


I  want  a  wine  glass. 

^  »5«'»  I 

^  ye-oo  Want 

•J^  chow  Wiue 

^  6oo-e  Cup 

Tbis  is  a  big  tea  cnp. 
Vj^  noy 


M  ^o  (cl) 


This 


That. 

Ilfgl  /•('   I  That 
M    /^-o    '(cl) 

Those  or  that. 
Pflg  k-o    I  That 
^^    (/ee/|  (v.  s.)5 

No. 
P§  ""9  (  Not 

H  /«¥«  I  Is 

or 
P§-  ?tn<;     Not 

or 
^  7no       Not 

or 

;;^  i«^    Not 

Food. 

Rice  (food 
generally) 
Wine  glass. 
•]§  chow  (Wine 
'   1^  boo-e  'Glass 

I   -^  high  Is,  it  is,  are 

^  <7/e  Big 

f^  high  Yes 

^U  .9!;.//j  Small 

Bring  5  plates. 

J^  nun  Bring 

H.  ung  5 

^i«'''  |(ci) 

^  f/ft'p  (  Plates 
3(5  /o-e     Come 


■  /«»•" 


— '  yot  Oue 
;(vj^  hoo-c  Cup 
IS^  char    Tea 


19 

I  have  (a)  cup  of  tea. 
Jb   itijaw  I 
y^    ?/oiy     Have 


f/irtr-  Tea 
may 


P3E   ;Nf/v    ? 


There  is  no  article  in  Chinese,  although  a  demonstrative  pronoun  or  the  nnmeral  "one"  frequently 
supplies  its  place. 

The  Mood  and  Tenses  of  the  verb  are  not  marked  by  inflections,  particles  being  used  in  their  stead. 

There  are  no  case  inUectioLS  in  Chinese,  hence  the  same  word  answers  for  I  or  me  according  to 
its  place  in  the  sentence ;  thus  5k  '(S  "gate  baij  —  1  give,  is  when  reversed  'j^  ^jj  baij  ngaw 
give  me. 

In  ordinary  colloquial,  the  copulative  conjunction  is  often  replaced  by  the  verb  when  several  nouns 
are  coupled,  thus  give  me  Ireacl,  iul/er,  and  cojfee  becomes  in  Chinese  give  Iread,  gire  butter,  give  coffee 
me.  Many  Chinese  verbs  are  divided  compound  words  and  place  (in  speaking  and  writing)  the  object 
between  their  component  parts,  thus  to  tiring  is  literally  Tjftu  yK,  neem  lo-e  —  carry  come.  Bring  me  a 
cup  of  tea  would  be  carry  cup  tea  come  me. 

The  interrogative  particles  are  respectively  used  rather  in  observance  of  custom  than  because  of  any 
marked  difference  in  value,  though  -41  ?»o,  seems  more  generally  than  the  others,  to  imjily  a  belief 
on  the  part  of  the  speaker  that  the  answer  will  be  aflirmative. 


chow    Wine 


This. 


5/g,  nay 


Demoustra- 


'tive    proiiouul 

I  Classifier      of) 

^  ho       inen  or  thincpsl 

in   general 

Pjj^  nay     This 

These,  or  this. 

A  sign  of  the! 
'>f  deet   \ possessive 
case;  little 


Spoon. 

A   classifier   * 
of    vessels, 
walking  aui- / 
jale    'imals    and 

1  parts  of  the 
body  that  arel 
multiple 

^  see       Key 

5J  karn     Spoon 

Plate. 

"^jalc    ((cl) 
^  deep  I  Plate 

Tumbler. 
■fj^  soo-e  (Water 
:^  boo-e  [Cup 


LESSON  XIII. 
Knife. 

I A  classifier 
^^cJii/y-mii/'oi   things  [ 

[spread  outl 
yj  dowjli       Kuife 


j^  gee 


^^   c/iar 


Fork 


18 


mcati 


l>ote 


Breail 


^  i/ow        Have 

^  hart    ) 
"  S 


tawuq ' 


lugar 


^  yew 
1^  char 


Have 
Tea 


1  want  tea  and  sagar. 

^  i>gaiB     I 
^S>  ye-oo      Want 
^  char       Tea 


^-  ye-oo      Want 

Do  yoa  want  a  tea  copi 

^^  nuy  You 

^  yt'-oo  Want 

^  char  Tea 

;^  &oo-e  Cup 

I  have  tea  caps. 

^    ll'HUC        I 

/^  yoio        Have 
^  c/wr       Tea 
;^  too-e     Cup 

Have  yoa  any  tea? 

'(/j\  luiy        You 
/^  yoio        Havp 


5jC  .'oo-c      Water 
^j^  ngaw      Mc 

Bring  sagar  (and)  water. 

^^  HUH        Briufi 
Q  hart 

Jin.   »Ht?) 


isngar 

Bring 

Water 

Come 


Have  yoQ  water? 
•y,  tiay        V  ou 


^  yow 
y^  soo-e 
j^  more 


Have 
Water 

? 


Have   you  tea.   bread, 
and  water? 


^  yow 

^^  char 

^  yow 

fffi  '"ran    | 
"gra  bow      > 

^  yow 

^JC  soo-e 
^  mo 


You 

Have 

Tea 

Have 

Bread 

Have 
Water 

? 


Bring  me  (some)  tea. 

;fijL  intu        Bring 
y^  char       Tea 
^  lo-e        Come 
^  >(_9aj(;      Mo 

Give  me  (some)  sagar. 
'f^  /;<;?/        Give 

^  jif/ttw     Me 


Sugar 


Have  yoa  (any)  sugar? 

j^  nay         You 
^  yojo        Have 
Q   hart 

PJf-  ah 


Sugar 

§ 

Not 

? 


1  have  sugar. 

fJ5  vgaw      I 
^"  yo?o        Have 

jje  Sugar 

7^  tawiigi 

Give  me  bread  and  water, 
f^  to]/        Giro 


I  have  bread,  sugar  and  tea. 

^  ngaw      I 
^  yow        Have 


^m  mca/i 


Bread 


'f^  iay         Give 


17 

;'^  nun     Bring 

,  Bring 
|l^  lie      Come  )          ^ 

;'g  (^Hc^f    Case 
^  <7(^«      Place 

or         — 

Very  well. 

'.'^  u\tn    Bring  i 

1  Bring 
^  lo-e    Come  ) 

„M             i  Very   well 

or        — 

*  (cl)see  foot  note  to  lesson  XIII. 

ijlj  neein  Bring  | 
tcz.                        1  Bring 

P^  lie       Come  ) 

t  =  Phonetic. 

§  =  particles  used  to  express  the 
past  tense. 

or        — 

^'(5  ?(««);(  Bring  j 
j_^                        1  Bring 
pj^  lo-e    Come  | 

or         — 

.'^  law     Bring                / 

LESSON  XII. 

^  ye-oo  Want  (to  like) 
(  Want  (to  love, 
^          (  to  like) 

^  soo-c     Water 
^  char      Tea 

Interrogative 

^  char  \  Tea 

particles  at  the 
. .                  end  ot  a 
question 

4J^  hoo-e    Cup 
Bread. 
^  ??i6'a)/    Flour 

Bring  (some)  bread. 

-gg  io!«    1  Satiated 

.  1^  nun     Bring 

Sugar. 

.,              Bread 

^  i((?'/:    i  White 
7^  tawng^  Sugar 

^  /o-t'    Come 

^  "i/'"o    I 

Bring  me  (some)  water. 

'(/]>  "('«/       You 

',  ^  nun    Bring 
^  soo-e  Water 

/^  yaw      Have 

^  /o-e    Come 

'f^  ioj/       Give 

^j5  (7a»u!       Period 

Don't  forget  to  wind  up 
the  clock. 


^  but 
'P]    hare 


You 

Not 
May 


J^  mawu_ 
bE  ^'"Z/ 

(To   slip 
|out 
Memory 

° 

Y  say-UngJJp 

v^  Chung 

Clock 

^^  /ecm 

Chain 

Where  is  tiie 

key  to  the  clock? 

^|5  «oj-e 

That 
j  (cl)* 

•j^    <('«-00 

Long 

thing        \ 

5^  cfiung 

Clock        1 

^h  see 

Key 

P^  /«i/A 

At 

^  ^"^"" 

Where 

;^  t-/'t'e 

Place 

V)^  nay 

? 

On  my 

book  case. 

Pfl  fngh 

At 

^  »/i/ae« 

My 

s//i( 


Book 
a 


1(1 


^/i  ./amv    Period 
^  boon     Half 
^  r/iM»(7  Clock 

It  is  jast  ten  o'  clock. 
^  Just 


pj^  lay-ung  Two 
^j^  (/(iwf      Period 

It  is  twenty  five  minutes 
to  four. 


-p  flip      Ten 
^j^  <lame    Period 
^g  chung  Clock 

The  clock  struck  eleven  one 
minute  ago. 

— •  yot        Oue  \ 
^  ko         (el)*  » 


may 


_  Minute  ^ 

:^  -/ft'     Of 

"^j  cheen    Before 

Pfig  ^o         That 
^a  chung  Clock 


'.  ye 

H.  uiig 


Is 
Two 

Ten 
Five 

(el)* 


25 


Minutes^ 


^  ,9ee         To 
jHj  see  Four 

|ij!^  (fame      Period 

It  is  fifteen  minutes  to  five. 
^  /«!>/*       Is 


Tea  i 

15 
Fivel       115 

(cl)* 
Minutes^ 


if;  ''¥'     Is 
tr  <'/'«'•     strike 

l(Eu)  or    \  i" 
J    /ee-oo  jSigii  of 

[past  teusel 


-f-  su/)      Teu 
— ■  yot       Oue 


-p   SM/J 

J^  7«ay 

M  gee 

^  r/a)/ie      Period 

It  is  half  past  six. 
^  high         Is 


To 

Five 


■\^  mot         What 
H^jp  see  Time 

j^  how        Time 

It  is  one  o'  clock. 

H  /'¥'     Is 

— ■  yot  One 

^^  dame  Period 

^g  chung  Clock 
P^  /<»• 

It  is  ten  minutes  past  two. 

#  /nV/A       Is 


10 


Ten 
(cl)*  , 

Minutes  "^ 
Past 


11 


/»> 


/oo/-       Sis 


-|^  sup 

J     lee-oo 
pj^  I  ay  •wig  Two 
^j^  ff'ame      Period 

It  is  fifteen  minutes  past  two. 
^  high        Is 
-|^  sup 

B^  "ay 

)^  quore 
^   lee-oo  . 


Ten 
Five  I  15 
(cl)*  I 

Minutes  ' 


Past 


"It  ^^'y 

if;  he-00 

Watch 

low. 

rrect. 
it? 

:?;M  chee 
My  watcl 

P|t  ^"^Z    J 

J^    SU71 

Pg-  ung 
■fy  ham 

My  cloc 

Pi5E% 

P^  Ac-oo 

My  brother 
JJi  ".9""' 

"It  /^-"U 

^    /((Hi 

15 

Tell 
You 

One  half  hour. 
^  boon      Half 

My  sister'i 

Is 

Fast 

watch  is  s 
My 

1  Elder       ^ 
'  sister 
1  Younger 
sister 

Cs) 
Watch 

Kuow 
1  has  stoppe 

My 

d. 

^j^  (?<(me     Period 
^g  t7«<)/(7   Bell            1 

Have  you  a  watch? 
i^  'Kiy      You 

Pit  /.«y 

Time 
Watch 

^  yow       Have 

^  ,/«y 

H^  see        Time         i  ^^ 
J^  sun        (S'l'hour)     1 
^^  he-oo     Watch 
R>f  WW?-      ? 

Have  you  a  clock? 
/M   yoif       Have 

1^  he-oo 

Not 
Walk 

k  is  broken 

My  father's 
:JjJ  ngaw 

^> 
^  chun 
P(^  i-ay 

Is 

Slow 

watch  is  CO 
My 

Father 
Self 

Cs) 
Watch 

My 

Time 
Clock 

M 

a.  ofl 

11 SR 

Time 

'^  f/n(;/^    Clock   (bell) 
R.^  mar       ? 

What  time  is  it? 

-b,   mol     1 

^               What 

^  yea 

Strike      t 
Break      I 
(Eu)  sig 
thepastte 

tf;  ^-^-00 

's  watch  is  fast. 

°Z               Time 

-^  /mj'p 

Correct 

hat  time  is 

Father 

Self 

(!)(?) 

P^  /«r 

Father!  w 

^  /oo 
IS,  cAm» 
P^  are 

My 

Elder 
brother 
Younger 
brother 

o 

ct- 

cr 
£ 

1  cannot  tell  you. 

J);  ".'/"«'    I 
^  i«i        Not 
^^  11  nil       Can 

14 


^^..(cl)* 

^  yut  Month 

/J-*  nee-oo      Little 

•  (cl)  =  Classifier  see  foot  note 
to  Lesson  XIII. 

§  These  cross  lines  are  intro- 
daced  in  this  book  to  give  the 
student  an  idea  as  to  panctuation 
i.  e.  where  to  observe  natural 
resting  spaces  in  speech.  N.B.  This 
is  an  entirely  artiGcial  method  of 
our  own.  The  Chinese  do  not  em- 
ploy such  a  method. 

+  Notice  that  dame    fj     and 

ffli:  "'* 

¥□   are  used  interchangeably. 


LESSON  XL 

now    TO    TEM.    TIME. 

^  taiDiig  China  \ 

y^  yun  Man 

jij^  sore  That  whichf 

^  kaung  Speak 

Z  9^«         Of 
J^  sun 


Time 


One  hour. 


— •  yol         One 
^/^  dame      Period 
^g  cfiuiig     Bell 


That 
Mo  u  til 


Bif  key-oo      Called 
^  yut  Month 

■j^  die  Big 

The  29  day  months  are  the 
little  months. 

'■  ye  Two    1 

-f-  sup  Ten    '  29 

^  gow         Nine 
0  yot  Day 


jg  A-o  (cl)     ^ 
^  yut        '  Month 


B^  key-oo      Called 
^  yut  Month 

/\\  see-oo      Little 

Each  year  has  six  big  months 
and  six  little  months. 

^  moo-e      Every 
^  neen  Year 


One  day  and  night  has 
24  boars. 

— ■  yot        One 
g  yot        Day 


— •  yot         One 
^  yea        Night 


-p  sup 

ptj  .see 


Is  are 
Two 
Ten 
Four 


24 


.(Stroke     | 
"'*  or  period 


a 

I  o 
B 
"-( 

en 


^g  chung   Bell 

Chinese  months  are  big 
and  little. 

j^  tai07ig  China 

^  yini  Man 

^  yM7  Month 

•fj^  /mo  (ly)  or  part 

/«   wow  Have 

;^  f/te  Big 

/]>  see-oo  Small 


#  /«y* 

Is 

The  30  day  months  are  tbo 

;^  ^ooA 

Six 

big  ones. 

^/.v,(cl)* 

— ■  sarm     Three 

30 

^  *'e 

Big 

-p  s)ip       Ten 

JI  !/fi< 

Month 

0  yot        Day 

13 


The  name  of  the  month 
added  is    'yun  yet  yttt". 

Jg[  qiaoo     For  so 
itl^  cliee      That 


^1  moo-e  Every 

y^  die  Number 

— '.  sarm  Tliree 

S^  neen  Year 

n4  1':<'y-oo  Call 
p^  yun       Intercalary 
— ■  yot        One 
^  </?"(<       Mouth 

One  year  has  4  seasons  spring 
summer  autumn  winter. 

— ■  yol  One 

4^  jjgen  Year 

/^  ?/oi«  Has 

(5J  «ee  Four 

^p  (^JiCye  Seasons 

^p  chun  Spring 

.^  /»»■  Summer 

^  c/iow  Autumn 

^  c^wn^-  Winter 

One  season  has  three  months. 

— '  yot        One 

^  queye    Season 

-—  sarm    ) 

A«      .         Three 

Ha  Mel)*  I 

^  yili        Mouths 


LESSON  X. 

Chinese  have  not  31  days 
in  a  month. 


jg"  tawng  China 
y^  yun       Man 
•^jc  >nay      Not 
7&  ?/c>t(!      Have 

^--  S(i?-?«     Three 
"p  .sH/j       Ten 


31 


— ■  yot 

^  gee 

^  yiit 


One 

Day 

§ 

Of 

Month 

Part 


o 


In  three  years  there  is  added 
one  month  more. 

•^  hiah      Is 
— -•  sarm     Three 
:SE  ?(e(??i      Year 


z 

S'«« 

Of 

ft 

no-e 

In 

*p 

kar 

A.ld 

^ 

dough 

More 

— ■  yot        One 


(cl)*( 
Month 


4"'  of  July. 
II.  Inp        Establish 
^  (juork  Country 
H    t/o^        Day 

Labor  day. 

j^  faioiui  Lose 
T  kung      Work 
0  yoi        Day 

Election  day. 

^  kung     Public 

J^  koo-e    To  hold  up 

g    quoon    OfiBcer 

^  I'      A    classifier 

^  -^     (  of  officer  (cl)* 

0   Z/o«         Day  i 

Washington's  birthday. 

^ffi  tw/iar      Beauty  1  :^  , 

i  p    j 
^  «?»i         Prosper'  5^  j 

To  bowl  ff 


(?M?i 


t   =   phonetic. 


head 
Live 


col 


Day      Ig- 


12 


To  night. 

Afternoon. 

■^  kum     Now 

yC  /<((r         1  Below 

LESSON  IX. 

^  yea    \  Night 

-^  oon         \  Noon 

Dawn. 

Nightly. 

Afternoon. 

^  cheoo         Morning 

^  i/ea    1  Night 

~[\  luir          1  Below 

B^  low            Head 

^  ijca    1  Night 

y  f/ioii;        1  Noon 

^  jo              Eearly 

HOLIDAYS. 

Sandown. 

Day  light. 

Holiday. 

0  ^o«            Day 

^  iatie           Heaven 

A  '''«       ^iS 

•^  /oryl-         1  Set 

7L  '/"orntj       Light 

0  yot      Day   j 

°l 

Twilight. 

^  jo                Early 

^  ;/«       Child  1 

i-  \ 

J{i'^  ;/(((r?(       ^  Eveuing 

Sunrise. 

New  year. 

[*   say-itmi  1  Up 

B  yoi          )  Day 

^  s«H   1  New 

Dark. 

{jj  c/«i<         1  Out 

:^  xeex  1  Year 

Jj^  marn      |  Evening 

^  chee-oo      Morning 

Thanksgiving  day. 

M  /,«<          1  Dark 

This  morning. 

1^  jay       Thank 

J 

jjjijj  sun       God 

( 

Jjj^  marn         Evening 

^  kum         1  Now 

H    yot        Day 

This  evening. 

^  chee-oo    1  Morning 

Christmas. 

^  kum         1  Now 

Fore  noon. 

f '"°      Jesus  t 

^  warn       |  Evening 

[*.  say-umi  \  Up 

M'o 

1 

Night  time. 

^  oo«          !  Noon 

f^  sarn     Live  ( 
0   yo<       Day    1 

•-I 

e-** 

:j^  yea             Nigiit 

Before  noon. 

■5 

__                   Within 
P^  learn 

Jl  say-mg  \  Up 

Decoration  dav. 

1 

midst  of 

^  chow       \  Noon 

fl^  .<o(o      Repair 

^  f/i«n    Fix 

Mid-night. 

Noon. 

i^  /m)i     Grave 

^  boon        1  Half 

0  yot          j  Day 

0   i/o<      Day 

:^  ^firt          1  Night 

-^  oon          1  Noon 

Day  before  yesterday. 

■^  cheeti     Before 
H   yot      \  Day 

To  morrow. 

H^  niun      Bright 
0   yot      )  Day 

Day  after  to  morrow. 

^  hoio    )  After 
0    7jot      \  Day 

Every  other  day. 

]?^  larm  |  Hop    or    skip 
0   '/oi     )  Day 

Every  other  day. 

f^  kart      Partition 
H   yot      ]  Day 

Day  time. 

0  3/oi      I  Day 

Withiu,     in 


11 

Week  before  last. 

I^  clieen      \ 

Before 
i%  l-o  (cl)  \ 

!§  lie        Polite       j 

^p  ^z'e      Worship  I 

Next  week. 


CD 


After 


After 


k( 


the  midst  of. 


^  Jiow 

l^  lie        Polite 
^  ;5!e       Worship 

Week  after  next. 
y^  die       Big 

is  /^o  (cl) 

If  lie        Polite  :^| 

^  pfe       Worship     (^1 

0  yot      Day 

Daily. 

0  2/o<     ]  Day 
0  yot     I  Day 

To  day. 

-^  ^'i^??!     Now 
0   yot     \  Day 

Yesterday. 

ffp  chalk]  Last 
0    j/o<    )  Day 


One  week. 


One 


—  yot 
^  A-o  (cl) 

jjil  /;.    Polite     I  ^ 

^  jDJe      Worship      %■ 


Two  weeks. 


Two 


1g   /CO  (cl) 

If  lie      Polite       )  :^ 

;  re 

^  pi'e     Worship  )  pr 


Three  weeks. 

—   sarm     ) 

^  Three 

iia  1^0  (cl)  ) 

,|f  /;«      Polite      )   ^ 

^  pie     Worship  )   S- 


This  week. 


'^"'"       I  This 
^  Ao  (cl)  i 

1 

If  lie      Polite 

f\ 

^  p?e     Worship 

CD        1 
tD        1 

t^     1 

Last  week. 


%sin        1 

,^                 Last 
-(0  ko  (cl)  S 

1 

If  /w     Polite 
^  ptc    Worship 

CD       1 

CD 
PT      1 

10 


Sunday. 

H  tie      Polite 
^  pie     Worship 
g    i/ot     Day 

Monday. 
^  /w      Polite 
^  pie     Worship 
— ■  yot     Oue 

Tuesday. 
mS  /I'e      Polite 

'VS£. 

^  p«e     Worship 

•"*.  ye      Two 

Wednesday. 

^I§  lie      Polite 
^^  pie     Worship 
^  s«rm  Three 

Thursday. 
^  lie      Polite 
^  pie     Worship 
pt[  gee     Four 

Friday, 
fl^  /(c      Polite 
^  p/e     Worship 
-fi_  ung    Five 

Saturday. 
jjjf  lie      Polite 
^  pee     Worship 
^  /ooi-   Six 


A6«K    Eight       jg„_ 
/lo        Numher   ' 


October. 


^ 


^  j/oio  Nine 

^  lio  Number 

-p  swp  Tea 

f^  Ao  Number 


9"' 


IlO^h 


-f-  sup    Teu    j^ 

—  .yo<     Oue    \      ill"' 
§#  /io      Number 


.  ye       Two    ) 

Ten     S      520"' 


sup 


^  /io      Number 

^  sarm  Three  j 

+  *"P    Ten      31 1^^^, 

— •  ijot     One     ] 

§#  /io      Number 


LESSON  VIII. 
Weekly. 
,]i|  //e      Polite       j   ^ 
^  pi'e     Worship  )   S- 
H  yy'    Day         j  e) 
Itij  l.a>/    Time         j   » 


-^  sup  I  Teu 
^   )/(■(/  \  Month 


November. 


"T  sup  Teu  )  I 
— ■  yot  Oue  \  I 
^  yilt     Month      1 


December. 


-f'  sup    Ten  / 

.  7/e       1  wo  )        > 

^   »/«<     Month 


ORDINALS. 


— ■  yot  One 

^  /it)  Number 

'.  »/e  Two 

§#  /io  Number 


— •  sarin  Three 
^  //o      Number 


pt]  see  Four       i 

^  /io  Number  ^ 

51  ung  Five         | 

^  Ay  Number  1 


9  ml 


Kii 


(th 


look   Six 
^  /io      Number 


-\2  ''l"'t   Seven     i 
^  ho      Number  1 


Ih 


9 


January. 

7P   rhun        Right 
^  yilt         Mouth 

February. 

ZL  ye         j  Two 
^  yut        \  Mouth 


— ■_  sarm 
ptj  see 


>»"» 


Zoo/c 


-^  chil 


March. 
Three 
j  Month 

April. 
)  Four 
)  Month 

May. 
j  Five 
)  Mouth 

June. 

I  Six 
I  Mouth 

July. 

Seven 
I  Mouth 


August. 

/V  hart      )  Eight 
^  yiU       I  Mouth 

September. 

"^  fjow         Niue 
^  yilt       j  Mouth 


14"'  day  of  the  month. 
-f^  sup  (10) 


|/g  see     (4) 
0   yot    Day 


(14) 


26"'  day  of  the  month. 

Zlye      (2)  j  ^ 

-P  .»;>  (10)  )  (2G) 

-^  look  (C)  I 
0   yo«  Day 

30"'  day  of  the  month. 

^—    SfliVM  (3) 


-f-  s?75  (10) 
0  yoC  Day 


(30) 


*  (cl)  =  Classifier  see  foot  note 
to  Lesson  XIII. 


LESSON    VII. 

MONTHS     Of    THE    YE  All. 

Monthly. 

^  yilt  I  Month 

fjj-  fun  Part 


Monthly. 
-|^  moo-e        Every 
^  yilt  \  Mouth 

The  Chinese  method  of 

expressing  the  day  of  the 

month. 

tauniq  Chiua 

I  <^ 

#V    ?/((;(      Mau       I " 

P    yo<       Day 
fiQ^      Ti 


ime 

I^'  day  of  the  month. 

^^  cliaw      I  Begin 
— •  yot         j  Oue 

2'"i  day  of  the  month. 
:^  chaw      I  Begin 

""'■  ?/<;  I  Two 

3"!  day  of  the  month. 

;f<^  cAait)      1  Begin 
^  sarm      )  Three 

10"'  day  of  the  month. 
^<^  (7irttt)      I  Begin 
-j^  «?(/)        I  Ten 

11"'  day  of  the  month. 

-h  m^  (10) 
—  yot  (1)  I 

0    t/o<  Day 


(11) 


Sammer. 


W   li'.ir 


Summer 
Heaven 


AotQinn. 


^  chotP       I  Autumn 
^  <rt»ic        I  Heaveu 

Winter. 

^  diiiuj       I  Wiuter 
^  lane       \  Heaveu 

^  yut  Month 

This  month. 


This 


^  yra  Month 

Last  month. 
_h  my-WHj  \  ^ 

^  yut  Month 

Month  before  last. 

^  Before 

^  yut  Month 


Next  month. 


'  Below 

^  ko  ic\)*\ 

^  yut  Mouth 


8 

Next  year. 

H^  iiinii  I  Bri<?ht 
^  neeii  1  Year 

Last  year. 

^  (low  I  OKI 
^E  jiceii     Year 


Year  before  last. 

^  (•/«'(^H  I  Before 
^  »/^e«  I  Year 

New  year. 

^  ««ji    I  New 
^  veeii  I  Year 

Tear  after  next. 

^  /iou'   I  After 
^  7)fe)i  1  Year 

New  years  day. 

j[;  ryrtn  )  Begin 
H  f/(7j'»  I  Day 

Foar  seasons. 

ptj  ."j^-e     I  Four 
B^  s(?t'     )  Times 

Spring. 

^  r/(ini  (  Spring 
^  /awe  )  Heaveu 


f^  /i(7rH       To  walk 

0 

(To  treat,  to 
/^3c  (loiir/h-c  I 

9      '       I  behave  to. 

^  ^(VZ;        To  serve 

7 

^  vieaiDKj  To  depart 
^g  /(Oio        Beiiiiu], after. 

in 

^  /«<  A  law 


*  Put  pronounced  like  tlic  Put 
in  the  word  Putty. 


LESSON  VI, 

^  veeit     Year 
H^  see       Time 

One  year. 

— ■  yot     I  One 
^  iteeii  j  Year 

This  year. 

-^  him  I  Now 
^  iieen  )  Year 


^j^  orn       Peace  or  rest. 

6 

■^  yin        To  finish 

7 

'jg'  zye        Proper,ought. 

s 
'g'  quooii    Officer 


m 


I  To  settle,   to 
(J  11)1     I 

jfis. 


^^  chooiir/  Au   ancestor. 

1  Guest, strang- 
,j  ( er,  visitor. 


Slit        House,  home. 
*g^  .srt?z       To  preach 


9 


i^  i/'fi?     To   allow 

10 

(Family, home. 


3  (household. 

,    iooiip    A    palace 

Rich 

Bis 


in 

12 


E 


Minister     of 
I  state 


A      classifier 
\J€  put  *   I  of    horses, 
beards,   etc. 

|fp   fay         Banditti 

in 

■^  chick  A   short  step 


[  A     respectful 
iterm      for 
"p^  qwoo  {  married    or 
J  unmarried 
'  females 

^^  chee     Beginning 

s 

jl^  karn    Villainous 
^  maiviKj  Improper 


m 


11  on 


1  Fair  or  beau- 
Itiful. 


^J]  faiciig  To  impede 

7 


kP 


me-00  { 


dough 


I  Perfect,      ex- 
I  celleut. 

I  Envious,   jea- 


^lous. 
^  >noo-e  Younger  sister 

s 

jjjfj:  son       Surname 

8 

•"^  miti      A   cover 


-if"  sow 


I  Residence, 
j  dwelling. 

I  To    guard,    to 
'  protect. 


^  chee  Wordorletter. 

G 

J  .^  ( To  shelter,  the 

0  /  world. 


LESSON  V. 

I  To  enclose,  to 
3  ( encircle. 

( Prisoner,      a 

[7]     ''/(0!«       J 

5  ( prison. 

^  !/(«(        For,  because. 

0 

[H]  ,<;<'(?         Four 
5 

I  To  distress, 
ot  hamper  or 
restrain. 


|gj    IJIPOO 

8 

|m  vwoo-e 

3 
5 

f. 

^fho 

e, 

tm  ye 


(Solid,    firm, 
(secure,  stable. 

( To   reverse 
(or  turu  back. 

Woman 

A  Slave 

iA    cousort, 
wife,    or  heir 
apparent. 

Good 

I  As,  if,  like, 
according  to, 
same. 


"PJ*  h,iw    Mayorpossible. 

i  A     phrase,     a 
■ftl  koo-el 

5  I  sentence. 

P[]  (0(0     Knock 

5 

^  ««;«       Manage 

5 

(Olil-remote, 
"gy  </ipooJ 

5  (ancient. 

-^  //o/>   Tounite,toshut. 

G 

■^  rju<      Luck 

:^  iiniu    Name 

c 
PJ2  't'c      To  vomit 

(Together,     the 
i;  (same. 

^To   announce, 
«/"      itoteU. 

I A   note  of  in- 
-  (terrogatiou. 


{Jill  dun 


I  To     aiil,     to 
I  assist. 


^Jj  ko-ii      Labor.fatigue. 

7 

_^  \  To    imitate, 

^'a  I  to  toil.  j 

\>  book      To  Jiviue. 

"^  liar        Below,  down. 

3 

[*    sai/-uiii]l]Y>,  above, 
s 
^  boon       Half 

0 

4P  ooJi        Noon 
<^  )(jfO!c     Cow 
3^  yea-ung  Sheep 

G 

>Cv  (7ii/<       Soldier 


"^  /(!(/  To  subdue 

7 

^  !/;(!  A boy,an infant 

^  )//!;i  To  forgive 

^  /o«  A  rabbit 


y»> 


/ooi-     Six 


Jt^-oom;  Together, with. 

n 
-fii  //>(;(      Soldier 


%  H 


lUe,  she,  it,  his. 


-^   lull       I 


\  Besid 


es     or 


j  another. 


_  \  Number,    or 

r.  { mark. 


|I,  my,  we,  us,     jg  ^.,,,^.^,  To  call 


her,  its,  they. 
^  ^oo-c   Tool 

8 

-B^  (/rt7)C    Canon,  code. 

s 

"JJ  dough  Knife 

(  A   sharp  wea- 
3  (pon 

JT]  c7ie«/    To  cut,  carve. 

5 

(The  first,    the 
^  chaw  \ 

7  (beginning. 


-  (to  guard. 

^  <(/«      To  swallow 


^  toe-e 


(Eminent,  ex- 
alted. 


^  9<^«P 


(To plunder,  to 


Right  as  dist- 
jb  yoio     anguished 
(from  left. 

^  how       Queen 


( rob  openly. 

^  Ink     Strength 

( Merit,      meri- 
ijj  koong  I 

5        '  (torious. 

!To  add  to,  to 
increase. 


M  .'/'■'' 


I  Month,      ov 


moon. 
Jl  jjook       Flesh  or  meat 


LESSON  IV. 

low       A   cover 
LT  mawng  Lost,  dead 
J^  mot       What 

4 

iA  fiual  par- 
ticle, also 
further. 

yQ  yin        Begiuning 

Jjj  hu)i       Elder  brother 

(To    allow,    to 
,jt  ( permit 

;^  f/n»n/  Tofill,tostufi. 

Jr|[j  /»(??(/     Cruel 

■yf^  quorrig  A  light 

u 

y[^  seen      First,   before 


~p  sye  Give 

yj^  Hiooi        Wood 

4 

(Root  of  tr 
5  ( the  origiu 

^  vwore      Grain 


f^7" 


To  estimate,  to 


ee. 


(If     /(0!W 
3 

0   1/ot 

i 

4 

m    ten 
1^  karp 


cook 


7 


Month 

Day  or  sun. 

To  speak 

Field 

From 

Armor 

j  To    stretch, 
'to  extend. 

Crooked 

I  A  sprout,  a 
'  blade. 


[Elegant, 

Q  c/(oy-»))i7Jflourishiug, 

s  I 

prosperous. 


choi' 


^  7nook 


i  Descen- 
dants, post- 
erity. 

( Stomach  or 
( appetite. 

Eye 


guess. 


"(^  ko-e    He,  she,  it. 

7 

7  I  superior 

(But,      only, 
7  (simply. 

^  f/zee    Like,  or  similar. 

7 

..  (To    act,   to 

YP  t7(  or ^M 

7  (make,    to  do. 

"p  sup      Ten 

^  f/((;(?/i    1000 


3  (  pose,  to  offend 


Ashield,  to  op- 
pose, tooffend. 

I  In,   at,   on,  of 
-f"  ye       from,  through, 
'         (by. 

I  A  nail,  a  pin,  a 
~J     du?i    j  sting,    an   iu- 
f  dividual. 

•^  «0M'     Hand 

4 

I  Aniuterjectiou 
^  /oo    (of    admiration 
or  surprise. 

-^  gee      Child 


H  ye     (2)  ) 

(20); 

-p  sup  (10)  i'  ( 
-j5}-/u«  (part)  V 
-^  (7ii4/  (seven) 


T_ 
20 


LESSON  III. 

[  To    cut   down, 
'^/(jr/to    strike,     to 
I  punish. 

^  for    Tliiugs.apaity. 

6 

j  'J'o  lie   or  fall 
■^/ook\  prostrate, 
f  humbly. 

ffi.  "»<;  A.  file  of  5  men. 

0 

A   classifier   of 
^  kill     articles    as    of 
I  tlress. 

t  To  dwell,  sign 
J         (of  present  tense. 

I  Trust,  respons- 
5         (  ibility, to  allow. 


— •  yot 

^jp.  boon 
PJI  see 

—  yot 

^—  .<!arm 


— ■  ^o< 
—  yot 


;/L 


coio 
Sim 


(one) 
(half) 

(four) 
(part) 
(one) 

(four) 
(part) 
(three)L 

(three) 

(part) 

(one) 

(eight) 

(part) 

(one) 


(one)  )  1 

(tenth)  (lO 

(nine)  j  9 

(tenth)  j  10 


^  hat 


What,    which, 
how,  why. 


-|^  sup 

/^  hart 

Zl  ye 

m  /"" 
i^  look 


(10)  I         \ 

(8)   H 
(part)      / 

(five)       ) 


18 


(2) 

(20), 
(10)1'  _0 

(part)      '  '"^0 
(six) 


300 


322 

^_  sunn    (3)         I 
"§■  barl  (100)       i 

-'"^'     ('^^      Uo 

-^  .«»/'    (10)       ) 
Zl  3/.>       (2) 

645 

^/ooA    (6)        I 
^  ?.<,;■<  (100)      j 
^see      (4)        j^^; 
+  s"P    (10)       i 
S.  "".V    (5) 

nil 

—  ^''^        (1)     j  I 
^  c/ieeii  (1000)  i   o 


600 


(1) 
(100)  i  s 

(1) 

(10) 

(1) 


75  624 

(7)      ) 


— •  ijol. 
^  hart 

— '  'JO*' 
-f-  s.p 

— ■   'jot 

A^  chut 

:^;jmr;i  (10000)  j    § 

H.  tti'ii       (5) 

^  f/,m-  (1000)  )  o 

:^  /ooA-      (G)  1 

"g  /;<7r<  (100)  i 

Hye         (2)  ( 

-|-  .v"P  (10)  i 
PI  .see        (4) 


-a  \ 

o 
o 
o 


o 


o 
o 


o 


^  look  (6) 

-f-   .up    (10) 

—  !JOt       (1)       1 
"g"  bart   (100)      j 

i£  U7HJ      (5)       I 
"§■   /«n-<    (100) 


CO 


100 


500 


— ■  .y^ 


(1) 


^  cheen   (1000)' 

-|^  sup        (10)     j 
■=f^  r/«'c;,  (1000)  j 

10  000 

—  7/0<  (1) 

:||  m((7-»  (10  000) 

100  000 

-f-   s///)  (10) 

M  )«ani  (10  000) 


1000 


10  000 


500  000 
H.   uv<y    (5) 

-h  ■'";^  (10) 

M  mar II  (10  000) 


50 


1000  000 

—  yot     (1) 

^  hart  (100) 

M  inarii    (10  000) 


100 


1000  000 

—  yot         (1)       I 

^|<s«^-oo(1000  000)| 


Ordinary  use  of  Nomerals. 

— ■  tjot      1 

ZLye      2 

— •.  sarm  3 
Pg  see  4 
i.  w";/  5 
-^  look  6 

/\  /'fl)'(  8 

-j-   ,S«jO    10 

-^snp    (10)   ) 
—  yot     (1)    ) 


+  wp  (10)  1 

Hye     (2)  I 

-j-    sup     (10)  j 

— .  «o)'m   (3)  ] 

H^fi       (2)    j 
-j-  sup  (10)  j 

—   .5(7?';?;  (3)    I 

pg  s^'c  (4)  j 

-j-  sup  (10)  I 

5E.  uiifj    (5)    1 
-f  .«;.  (10)  j 


12 


13 


20 


30 


40 


50 


To  rely  ou, 
'j^  chay-u7if/\a,      sharp 
weapon. 


5 
5 

fi!t  lar 


Still,ialike 
[manner. 

Child. 

He,  she,  or 
<it,  a  mail's 
name. 


^Q  doiiijh-e    Instead     of 

5 

( A    part  or 
,;  ( a  share. 

'  Adjective. 


LESSON  II. 
Chinese  numerals. 


A 


tatoiii  china  /  o 
yiin  man  \  S 
so        count    ; 


r~|     mooh  eye      j 


2/ 

c 

c 


T 


hee     letter 


combination    make  -f^    snn,  Honesty,  trutlifulness;  literally  a  man  standing 
by  his  word. 

Willi  the  root  or  "Radical"  idea  thus  clearly  defined,  the  student  will 
further  observe  that  these  radicals  may,  ami  in  reality  do,  furnish  a 
means  of  classification  for  all  Chinese  words,  (rather  tiiau  a  classification 
founded  on  the  number  of  strokes  in  a  word  or  character).  We  have  noted 
that  the  Chinese  have  no  alphabet,  but  they  do  possess  214  Radicals  under 
which  head,  all  Chinese  words  may,  for  the  written  language,  be  properly 
classified.  It  is  not  necessary  at  this  stage  for  the  student  to  memorize  these 
"Radicals",  though  it  will  well  repay  one  to  occasionally  glance  over  the  list, 
so  as  to  familiarize  one's  self  with  the  general  arrangement  and  appearance 
of  the  words.  For  a  list  of  "Radicals",  and  for  further  remarks  on  the 
formation  of  Chinese  words,  see  subsequent  pages. 


^  Itaie  Heaven 

—  sarm 

9 

Three 

^  foo     Husband 

o 

^  iBaunc; 

King 

LESSON  L 

^  ;/cw    Young,  delicate 

^  sar» 

Live* 

Easy  words. 

f^.  >iiin    Kind, humanity 

5 

Gem 

^  yung 

natural 

» 

%  ihoic  Enemy 
> 

^|>  pork  To  fall  down 

) 

"F  gee 

5 

Lord 

U'' 

easy 

'-M 

1 
-^-l"  sup  A  file  often  men 

mre 

To 

^,    ciiee 

word 

4 

^\\  dough 

Reach 

One 

'f^  foo     To  deliver  to 

rt 

— •  yoi 

1  To  serve,  a  go- 

A  2/«" 

Man 

1 

H  ye 

2 

Two 

'\j^  see  I  verimient,        a 

*/•■' 

Big 

-\^  toe 

Earth 

1  public  oflBcer. 

Great 

it  "ee 

Student 

I  An     immortal, 

I 

3 

f[lj  seen 

A  '"'" 

Dog 

T  /cooiiff 

Work 

a  genius 


INTRODUCTORY  REMARKS.  -  The  Chinese  Language  has  no  alphabet; 
each  character  is  a  word;  heuce  the  necessity  for  the  student  beginning  to 
memorize  characters  at  once,  eacli  word  or  cliaracter  thus  learned  being  an 
addition  to  one's  vocabulary.  Written  Chinese  words  may  be  classified  according 
to  the  number  of  "strokes",  each  character  contains;  by  "strokes"  we  mean 
the  number  of  separate  strokes  of  the  pen  necessary  to  write  a  given  word 
or  character,  thus  the  number  of  strokes  of  the  pen  may  vary  from  one  to 
twenty  or  more.  The  simple  or  uncomplicated  stroke  words  are  few  (com- 
paratively) in  number,  hence  it  is  impossible  to  give  a  beginner,  any  such 
thing  as  a  primer,  with  a  long  list  of  easily  written  Chinese  words;  the 
first  four  or  five  lessons,  of  this  book  however,  furnish  a  number  of  easily 
written,  and  easily  remembered  words.  The  numerals  under  each  Chinese 
character  in  lessons  I,  III,  IV,  V,  indicate  the  number  of  strokes  of  the 
pen,  necessary  to  form  the  given  word;  it  is  advisable  for  the  beginner  to 
copy  these  characters,  trying  to  "verify"  the  strokes  in  each. 

In  lessons  I,  III,  IV  and  V  the  student  will  note  a  similarity  in  the 
appearance  of  some  of  the  characters;  i,  e.;  certain  words  have  as  it  were, 
a  common  root  or  "Radical":  thus  in  lesson  I  the  Chinese  character  y^ 
y>in  —  a  man  —  appears  in  20  cliai'acters;  (in  combination  the  J\^  becomes 
'^  and  is  almost  invariably  placed  at  the  left  of  the  word  or  character).  As 
the  student  progresses  he  will  observe  that  many  Chinese  words  are  compounds, 
or,  combinations  of  two  or  throe  or  four  separate  Chinese  words  or  characters, 
the  dissection  or  analyses  of  which  will,  often  reveal  the  idea,  conveyed  in 
the  written  character;  thus  ^  iio-e  female,  and  -^  gee  child,  in  combination 
become    ij^    Jio — good;    -^   ^jun    a  man  (standing),  and    ^"    yin  a  word,  in 


SECTION  I. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PRONUNCIATION. 


The  sounds  of  the  Chinese  -words  are  given  in  italics,  all  words  being 
spelled  phonetically.  As  given  in  our  system,  they  represent  the  nearest 
possible  approach  to  some  familiar  English  combination  of  letters  e.g.  to 
express  the  long  broad  "o"  instead  of  printing  it  "do"  we  print  it  dough  and 
so  pronounce  it.  When  is  doubt  as  to  the  exact  pronunciation  always  recall 
the  nearest  approach  to  an  English  equivalent  —  thus  cheye  is  ch  and  ei/e, 
pronounced  monosyllabically  chejje.  Remember  also  that  all  phonetics  that  are 
not  monosyllabic  are  indicated  by  the  employment  of  hyphens  e.  g.  n-yoi-e, 
koo-c,  lioo  c,  etc.   etc. 

Ati  is  pronounced  like  the  au  in  autocrat. 

Aio  „  „  „  „  aw  in  awe. 

Ei/e  „  „  „  „  word  eye. 

IffA  „  „  „  „  igh  in  high. 

Oo  „  „  „  „  00  in  BOOTY. 

Oi  „  ,.  „  „  oi  in  oil. 

Otv  „  „  „  „  ow  in  cow. 

Qu  „  „  „  „  qu  in  question. 

V  "  "  >f       "       "     "  ft 

V  „  ,.  „       „     ii  (in  German)  GLiick. 
Ung   „             „  „       ,,      nag  in  HUNG. 

N.B.     The  brackets   eniiiloyeil   throughout   our   book  indicate  comi)Ounil  words,  i.e.  words  of  two 
or  more  comiioneut  parts. 


XIV 

195  Adjectives  {A  lisl  of  those  used  in  ever;/  day  speech). 

199  Nouns  »»»o         »»»        »  » 

206 — 209     Proiiouus     »»»»         »»»        »  » 

209 — 212     Adverbs,  Prepositions,  Conjuuctions,  etc. 

212  Verbs. 

222  (..•1)  Verbs  euding  in  '^^  gee. 

225  {B)  Verbs  ending  in  ;]^  hat/. 

228  (C)   Verbs  ending  in  |j(5  /„,/-,„■/•. 

228  (Z>)  Verbs  ending  in  ^|J  ,/,.»,///. 

229  (J?)    Verbs  ending  in  -^J  doiu/h. 

230  (/')  Verbs  ending  in  {jj  ch>,i. 

231  (G)  Verbs  ending  in  ^  /»)„-,■. 

234  (//)  Verbs  ending  in  J.g  ,„i/. 

230  (./)   Verbs  ending  in  ^  lo-e. 

239  (A')  Use  of  the  verb  fy  dhar. 

244  Particles. 

246  Section  IV. 

247  How  To  Write  Chinese. 

252  Rules  For  Writing  Chinese  Chiiracters. 

255  How  To  Use  a  Chinese  Dictionary. 

259  A  List  Of  Radicals,  or  Determinatives. 

268  Easy  Lessons  In   Chinese  Writing. 

314  Appendix. 

314  Key  To  Chinese  Preface. 

317  Translation  Of  Chinese  Preface. 

319  Key  To  Poetical  Selections. 

320  Index. 
351  Errata. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


I — XI  Title  Page,  lutroductiou,  Preface. 

XII  Chinese   Preface. 

XIII  — XIV  Table  of  Couteuts. 

XV  Explanatiou  of  Proiiuuciation. 

XVI  Section  I. 

1—89  Thirty  Three  Graded  Lessons. 

90—91  The  Lord's  Prayer. 

92  Section  II. 

93—137  The  "Sarra  Chee  Kun"  or  Chinese  Primer. 

138  — 139  Specimen   Pages  of  a  Chinese-English  Dictionary. 

140  Section  III. 

141  —  145  Man's  Relations.  (A)  Social. 
145—146  »  »  (B)  Political. 
146—151          »             »          (C)  Civil. 
151 — 154  Man's  Disposition. 
154—155  Public-Buildings. 
155—158  Places  of  Business. 

158  — 159  Institutions  of  Learning. 

159 — 161  Professional  Occupations. 

161  — 163  Parts  of  a  Building. 

163 — 173  Rooms  and  Room  Contents. 

Parlor,  sitting  room,  bedroom,  library,  dinhigroom,  washroom,  kitchen. 

173  Stable  contents. 

173-174  Carpenter's  Tools. 

174 — 176  Wearing  Apparel,  Jewelry. 

176  —  183  Varieties  of  Food  (Animal,  Vegetable,  Fruit,  etc.). 

184 — 185  Specimen  Pages  of  a  Chinese-English  Dictionary. 

186  Specimens  of  Chinese  Poetry. 

187  —  194  Parts  of  Speech.  Articles  or  Classifiers. 


xn 


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m  70 

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175 

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'    For  a  literal 

ranslatioa 

of  this  Chi 

nese  Preface  witi 

the 

phonetic  pronunciation  see  ap 

leudix. 

The  numeral  after  each  Chinese  character  denote: 

the  1 

<er  to  the  translation. 

XI 

trust,  add  to  the  value  of  our  book.  We  are  indebted  to  some  earlier  writers, 
notably  Lobscheid,  Kenny  and  Bevan. 

To  Professor  Giles  we  are  deeply  indebted  for  the  many  kindly  sug- 
gestions lie  has  made,  as  well  as  for  the  sympathetic  interest  he  has  shown 
in  our  work  since  it's  inception. 

In  conclusion  we  wish  to  extend  to  our  printers,  the  firm  of  E.  J.  Brill, 
of  Leyden,  Holland,  and  their  able  corps  of  assistants  under  F.  be  Stoppblaak, 
Esq.,  our  sincere  thanks  for  the  unfailing  and  untiring  efforts  they  have  put 
forth  to  make  a  successful  issue  of  our  book  possible.  When  it  is  remembered 
that  our  printers  have  been  separated  from  us  by  over  four  thousand  miles 
of  ocean,  any  small  typographical  errors  will  no  doubt  be  indulgently  over- 
looked by  the  careful  reader. 

In  presenting  this  book  to  the  public,  we  trust  that  any  imperfections 
which  may  unfold  on  the  perusal  of  it's  pages  will  be  taken  lightly,  inasmuch 
as  we  have  each  given  to  the  consummation  of  our  work,  many  hours  which 
professional  men  can  but  poorly  afford.  Being  a  work  of  love,  we  can  only 
hope  that  "Love's  Labor"  has  not  been  lost. 

WALTER  BROOKS  BROUNER. 
FUNG  YUET  MOW. 


Our  method  is,  so  far  as  we  are  aware,  entirely  original  and  unique,  in  that 
it   presents   the    study   of  Chinese,  iu  true  Chinese  form.  The  first  section  of 
easy    graded    lessons    is  quite  comprehensive  and  if  thoroughly  mastered  by 
the  student  will  give  a  solid,  broad  and  deep  foundation  for  the  superstructure. 
In  presenting  the  Chinese  primer,  we  have  adopted  an  original  plan,  by 
making   of  it   an   interlinear   production.   The  Chinese  primer  was  purchased 
in  New  York  City  and  the  interlineations  and  interpretations  thereof  supplied 
by  us.    In  obscure  passages,  or  when  in  doubt  as  to  the  exact  interpretation 
thereof,    we   have    followed    the    rendering    of  Professor  Giles,  than  whom  a 
greater   Chinese   scholar    does    not   exist.    Apart   from  its  value  as  a  Chinese 
model,    the    English  translation  gives  us  an  index  to  Chinese  thought.  Some 
of  the  aphorisms  are  unique  and  others  are  majestic  in  their  simple  grandeur. 
The    third   section   of  the  book  is  important,  in  that  it  contains  an  immense 
amount  of  valuable  material  to  those  who  would  acquire  Chinese.  For  unlike 
any    Chinese    work    that  we    have    ever  seen,  there  is  here  presented  for  the 
first  time  a  comprehensive  analytical  presentation  of  Chinese  words.  Take  for 
example  the  word  4^  ^^  VtJIj  bi'tter;  in  Chinese  it  is  called  ngow  nigh  yoto; 
now  it  so  happens  that  each  one  of  these  three,  is  a  word  in  itself,  any  one 
of  which    may    be  met  with  independently  in  the  language.  Our  book  gives 
the   meaning   of  each    word.   Translated,    njoto   nigh  yoio  (butter)    is  literally 
cows,  milk,  oil.  It  will  be  seen  on  investigation  of  the  third  section  of  our  book, 
that  (contrary  to  the  general  idea  of  the  Cliiuese  language  being  mainly  composed 
of  monosyllabic  words)  many  words  are  compound,  being  composed  of  two  or 
more  words ;  the  exact  meaning  of  each  component  part  has  been  given  by  us  in 
each  instance;  this  method  is  of  inestimable  value  to  the  student  of  Chinese. 
The    fourth   section   of  our   book    contains  about  one  thousand  words  iu 
large    and    small    type,    arranged   as    to    strokes,    and   having   opposite   each 
character    the  root  or  "radical"  number.  It  seems  strange  indeed  that  never 
before,  so  far  as  we  are  aware,  has  such  a  representation  of  Chinese  writing 
been  given  either  by  a  native  or  foreigner.  This  arrangement,  together  with 
our  chapter  on   "How  To   Write  Chinese"  enables  the  student  to  readily  grasp 
the  idea  of  writing  Chinese. 

We  have  also  given  several  sample  pages  from  a  Chinese-English 
dictionary.  These  reproductions  will  give  the  student  a  clear  idea  as  to  the 
construction  and  form  of  a  dictionary.  There  will  also  be  found  a  couple  of 
Cliinese  Poetical  selections.  The  copious  index  which  we  have  made,  will  we 


IX 

Chiaese  is  unusually  difficult  to  acquire.  This  is  not  so,  the  reader  is 
requested  to  look  over  the  section  on  Chinese  writing  before  commeucing 
the  study  of  Chiaese.  Once  the  idea  of  written  Chinese  is  grasped,  it  ought 
not  to  be  more  difficult  for  us  to  write  a  15  stroke  Chinese  word,  than  it 
is  for  a  Chinaman,  to  learn  to  write  such  a  word  as  plenipotentiary.  This 
has  only  15  letters  in  its  composition  yet  it  takes  about  32  separate  strokes 
of  the  pen  to  print  the  same.  A  more  fascinating  accomplishment  could 
scarce  be  imagined  than  the  ability  to  write  Chinese  characters. 

THE  VALUE  OF  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  CHINESE.  This  can  not  be 
overestimated,  since  to  acquire  it,  gives  one  as  much  mental  training  as  do 
many  of  the  subjects  found  in  a  college  curriculum.  There  is  something 
fascinating  in  the  thought  that  in  acquiring  a  modern  language,  (i.  e.  Chinese) 
we  are  at  the  same  time  acquiring  a  language  more  ancient  than  that  of 
Athens  or  Rome;  a  language  which  is  unique,  in  that  it  is  known  to  at 
least  a  third  of  the  world's  population;  moreover  it  is  the  only  live  language 
extant,  that  antedates  the  Christian  era. 

The  utilitarian  advantage  also  is  not  to  be  underestimated.  The  opening 
of  the  20"'  Century  already  gives  promise  of  the  prominent  role  China  is 
yet  to  play  in  world  politics.  Moreover  commercially,  the  knowledge  to  be 
obtained  from  our  book,  will  be  of  inestimable  value  to  those  who  contemplate 
doing  business  with  the  Chinese.  We  hope  to  see  the  day  when  a  knowledge 
of  the  Chinese  language  will  be  as  common  an  accomplishment,  as  a  knowledge 
of  German,  French,  Spanish,  or  Italian,  is  to-day. 

It  would  be  a  good  plan  before  sending  Missionaries  to  China  to  require 
of  them  at  least  sis  mouths  study  of  the  Chinese  language  before  embarking 
for  China.  Only  those  who  have  evinced  an  ability  for  acquiring  the  Chinese 
lauffuaffe  here  should  be  sent  to  China.  This  method  would  save  a  considerable 
outlay  of  money  as  there  are  many  wortliy  people  who  caunot  acquire  any 
foreign  language. 

OUR  BOOK.  In  presenting  to  the  public  the  result  of  several  years  un- 
remitting labor  we  believe  we  have  filled  a  long  felt  want.  We  trust  that  it 
may  stimulate  a  thirst  for  knowledge  of  things  Chinese  and  that  those  who 
are  started  on  the  right  road  by  our  eiforts  may  continue  until  they  have 
mastered  Chinese  thoroughly.  The  publication  of  another  work  now  in  pre- 
paration by  us,  will  we  trust,  enable  the  advanced  student  of  Chinese  to 
become  master  of  the  art  of  reading,  writing,  and  speaking  Chinese  correctly. 


vni 

for  us  to  acquire  to  speak,  read,  and  write  the  language  correctly;  hence  as 
grammar  may  be  defined  to  be  "the  art  of  speaking,  reading  and  writing  a 
language  correctly",  the  Chinese  language  may  be  said  to  have  a  grammar. 
Just  as  in  English,  there  are  some  words  which  have  the  same  sound  and 
yet  convey  difl'erent  meanings,  so  in  Chinese;  this  is  not  hard  to  comprehend. 
Thus  in  English  four,  for,  fork,  are  each  spelled  differently,  though  pro- 
nounced alike;  there  is  with  us  no  ambiguity  as  to  idea,  for  by  context  we 
instinctively  know  the  meaning  intended ;  so  with  the  Chinese.  This  similarity 
of  sounds  has  led  to  the  adoption  by  Europeans,  of  a  system  of  "tones", 
which  s3'stera,  seeks  by  the  placing  of  circumflex  signs  at  the  four  corners 
of  a  given  Chinese  character,  to  convey  the  exact  tone  of  the  word.  This  is 
an  artificial  method,  and  one  the  Chinese  themselves  do  not  employ;  because 
of  the  difficulty  of  mastering  this  artificial  method,  and  the  discouragement 
it  lends  to  the  study  of  Chinese,  and  because  we  do  not  deem  it  absolutely 
essential  to  the  purpose  of  this  volume,  no  attempt  has  been  made  by  us  to 
supply  tones,  as  we  believe  by  the  employment  of  our  system  of  phonetics 
and  the  close  application  of  the  contents  of  our  book,  such  a  system  of  tones 
will  be  found  unnecessary.  We  have  previously  noted  that  the  Chinese  language 
was  originally  mainly  a  monosyllabic  language ;  in  reality  few  words  are  not 
compound;  a  glance  at  the  words  in  our  book  having  brackets  will  show  the 
correctness  of  our  statement.  These  compound  words  quite  simplify  the  ac- 
quiring of  the  language,  as  by  their  use,  many  words  which  might  be  capable 
of  misconstruction  (phonetically)  are  thereby  made  comprehensible. 

DIALECTS.  There  are  employed  throughout  the  Chinese  Empire  eight  * 
dialects,  each  one  of  which  difiers  from  the  other  as  much  as  English  does 
from  Dutch.  This  hook  is  written  in  the  Cantonese  dialect  since  the  majority 
of  the  Chinese  who  are  to  be  found  here  and  outside  of  China  are  from  the 
Canton  Provinces.  Mandarin  is  the  official  language  of  China.  It  is  well  here 
to  call  attention  to  the  fact,  that  written  Chinese  is  uniformily  the  same  over 
all  China;  a  Chinese  manuscript  is  equally  intelligible  to  an  inhabitant  of 
the  far  north  or  the  extreme  south  of  China,  "just  as  the  Arabic  and  Roman 
numerals  are  understood  all  over  Europe,  although  pronounced  differently  by 
various  nations." 

WRITTEN  CHINESE.  There  is  a  popular  fallacious  notion  that  written 

*    This   refers   to   the    maio   dialects;    there  are  said  to  be  twenty  nine  dialects  in  use  throughout 
the  Chinese  Empire. 


PREFACE. 


It  seems  incredible  that  in  these  days  of  advanced  learning,  there  has 
heretofore  been  no  suitable  handbook  of  the  Chinese  language;  —  a  book  that 
would  enable  a  student  to  acquire,  without  a  teacher,  a  working  knowledge  of 
Chinese.  The  absence  of  such  a  book  is  the  raisou  d'etre  of  our  "CHINESE 
MADE  EASY". 

THE  SPOKEN  LANGUAGE  is,  strange  to  say,  easier  to  acquire  than 
ancient  Greek  or  Latin,  or  many  modern  European  languages.  German,  French, 
Spanish,  and  Italian  are  each  in  turn,  more  difficult  to  learn  than  Chinese. 
Let  us  take  for  example  the  word  hand.  In  Get-man  we  must  remember 
whether  the  word  hand  be  of  masculine,  feminine  or  neuter  gender;  in 
French,  Spanish  or  Italian  we  must  recall  whether  the  word  be  of  masculine 
or  feminine  gender;  whereas  in  Chinese,  as  in  English,  all  we  need  burden 
our  memory  with  is  the  word  "hand",  which  in  Cantonese  Chinese,  is  sow. 
Once  learned  the  word  sow  is  irrevocably  fixed  in  our  memory.  The  simplicity 
of  such  a  language  is  at  once  self  evident,  when  we  are  told  that  words  have 
neither  gender  nor  declension ;  that  verbs  have  no  conjugation  (and  may  be 
either  active,  transitive,  neuter  or  even  causal);  that  the  language  is  composed 
mainly  of  monosyllabic  words,  which  are  really  root  ideas;  and  that  a  word 
may  be  used  either  as  a  noun,  verb,  adverb  or  conjunction,  depending  simply 
on  the  context  or  as  the  exigencies  of  the  surrounding  words  demand. 

This  has  led  to  the  popular  fallacy  tliat  the  Chinese  language  has  no 
grammar.  What  is  meant  by  that  statement  is  that  a  grammar  per  se  has 
never  been  made  by  the  Chinese  themselves.  Nevertheless  the  Chinese  language 
does  adhere  to  certain  forms  in  the  use  of  speech,  which  forms  it  is  necessary 


TI 

fharacter,  tlie  whole  surmounted  by  an  adequate  grammatical  rendering  such 
as  would  be  employed  in  colloquial  English. 

Then  follows  the  famous  classical  Primer,  the  "Sarm  Chee  Kun,"  treated, 
as  regards  sounds  and  explanation  in  the  same  way.  This  is  the  first  book 
placed  in  the  hands  of  every  Chinese  school  boy,  and  he  learns  it  by  heart. 
It  would  be  well  if  the  foreign  student  would  do  likewise;  he  would  thus 
commit  to  memory  a  curious  epitome  of  Chinese  philosophy,  history,  and 
biography,  and  familiarize  himself  with  about  five  hundred  and  sixty  Chinese 
characters  in  the  process. 

Besides  various  other  interesting  sections  there  is  a  list  of  about  a  thousand 
well-chosen  characters  written  on  a  bold  scale,  which  will  commend  itself  to 
all  beginners  of  Chinese  as  a  great  improvement  on  the  small  size  of  type 
so  often  employed  in  introductory  handbooks. 

But  far  more  important  than  the  above  is  the  feeling  of  the  student  that 
he  can  take  up  this  book  and  positively  progress  from  day  to  day  without 
further  assistance  of  any  kind. 

In  fine,  any  student  who  shall  succeed  in  transferring  into  his  own  head 
the  contents  of  "Chinese  Made  Easy,"  will  find  himself  well  advanced  on 
the  road  towards  a  good  acquaintance  with  the  Chinese  language. 


^^.M^^^e-^  A  -^i/^  . 


INTRODUCTION. 


The  study  of  Chinese  is  attracting  just  now  a  larger  share  of  attention 
than  at  any  previous  period  throughout  the  history  of  foreign  relations  with 
the  Middle  Kingdom,  and  it  seems  likely  that  this  interest  will  steadily 
continue  to  develop.  Considering  however,  the  admitted  difficulty  of  Chinese 
as  a  written  language  and  the  multiplicity  of  dialects  which  confront  the 
student,  it  can  hardly  be  said  that  the  supply  of  guides  in  the  shape  of 
elementary  handbooks,  dictionaries,  etc.,  is  at  all  out  of  proportion  to  the 
demand. 

Meauwhile  there  is  slowly  growing  up  a  special  class  of  students  who 
without  political  or  commercial  motives,  would  nevertheless  be  ready  and  pleased 
to  obtain  an  insight  into  the  written  vehicle  of  the  Chinese  language  and  by 
and  by  to  penetrate  to  the  vast  literature  that  lies  beyond.  For  these  students 
Dr.  Walter  Brooks  Brodner  and  Fung  Yuet  Mow  have  taken  great  pains  to 
provide  a  work  under  the  fascinating  title  of  "Chinese  Made  Easy"  by  means 
of  which  may  be  exemplified  the  famous  Chinese  saying,  "that  a  scholar 
can  make  himself  acquainted  with  all  things,  without  ever  leaving  the  four 
walls  of  his  study;"  in  other  words,  the  intention  is,  that  any  one  with  an 
interest  in  linguistic  studies,  for  the  sake  of  a  hobby  or  what  not,  may  gain, 
with  the  assistance  of  this  book  a  knowledge  of  the  genius  of  the  Chinese 
language  colloquial  and  written. 

To  begin  with  there  are  thirty-three  lessons  on  all  manner  of  subjects; 
these  consist  of  sentences  in  clearly  printed  Chinese  characters  accompanied 
in  every  case  by  the  sounds  in  the  Canton  dialect,  transliterated  according 
to   ordinary   English    requirements,    and  also  by  the  literal  meaning  of  each 


ivii7e33i 


CARPENTIEW 


'•OMNE  IGNOTUM  PRO  MAGNIFICO  KST." 


FBESS   OF 

Late   E.  J.   BRILL 

LEIDEN  (Holland) 


dZ^  G/f-v^ 


CHINESE  MADE  EASY 


BY 


WALTER  BROOKS  BROUNER.  A.B.,  M.D. 

of  Columh'ui    Vniversitij  i?i  the   City  of  ^etv  J urii. 
AND 

FUNG  YUET  MOW 

Oiincse  Missionary  in  the   City  nf  New  York. 


WITH  Ji\  INTRODUCTION  BY 


HERBERT  A.  GILES,  M.A.,  L.L.D.,  (Aberd.) 

Professor  of  Chinese  in  the   University  of  Cambridge,  E'ngland 
and  late.  II.  B.  M.   Co7isul  at  Ni?/ffpo, 


1904 

NEW  YORK 

THE  MAOMILLAN  COMPANY 

LONDON 

MAOMILLAN  &  C".  L't'd. 

All  Rights  Resolved 


CHINESE  MADE  EASY 


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